Wikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de]

Moon Pie

2008-05-15T19:30:13Z

216.191.169.117: /* In popular culture */

{{Cleanup|date=December 2007}}



[[Image:MoonPie logo trademark.gif|thumb|305px|right| MoonPie and logo are registered trademarks.]]

A '''moon pie''' or '''MoonPie'''<ref>
MoonPie is a registered trademark of [[The Chattanooga Bakery|Chattanooga Bakery, Inc.]]
</ref>
is a [[pastry]] invented around [[1917]].<ref> "Carnival/Mobile Mardi Gras Timeline" (list of events by year),
Museum of Mobile, 2001, webpage:
[http://www.museumofmobile.com/html/mardi_gras_timeline.php MoM-timeline]:
states: 1917 - [[The Chattanooga Bakery]] company introduces the
popular [[marshmallow]] cookie "moon pie"; and,
[[1956]] The first "moon pies" are thrown from a Mobile Mardi Gras float.
</ref> A MoonPie consists of two [[graham cracker]]s shaped into round [[cookie]]s, with [[marshmallow]] filling in the center. The confection is then dipped in [[chocolate]] (or other flavors). In the past 10 years, a mini MoonPie has been developed, about half the size of the earlier moon pies.

==History and origin==
According to the MoonPie website, the origin of the product is undocumented. Earl Mitchell, Sr. was identified as the possible creator by his son. Mr. Mitchell reportedly conceived the MoonPie as a snack for [[coal miner]]s in [[Kentucky]], [[Tennessee]] and [[West Virginia]]. <ref>Official MoonPie product history website [http://www.moonpie.com/hist_text.asp]</ref>

==Similar products==
In the northern regions of the United States, a moon pie is called a "[[Scooter Pie]]." In [[New England]], a similar item is known as a "[[Whoopie pie|Whoopie Pie]]," though chocolate cakes are used instead of graham crackers, the pastry is not dipped in chocolate and the filling is sweet cake icing and not marshmallow cream. "MoonPie" is a registered trademark of [[The Chattanooga Bakery]].

In the [[UK]], [[Australia]] and [[Canada]] there are [[Wagon Wheels]], introduced under the Weston name in the 1940s but since divested to other companies in the UK and Australia. [http://www.burtonsfoods.com][http://www.thegreataussietuckerbox.com/category74_1.htm]

A Korean company, [[Orion Confectionery|Orion]], produces [[Choco Pie]]s. They can be found almost everywhere in the world. Orion has a "Choco Pie Index", as a parody of [[The Economist]]'s [[Big Mac Index]]. [http://times.hankooki.com/lpage/200505/kt2005050315563812070.htm]

Compare to [[Mallomars]].

In [[Mexico]], there is a cookie pie that consists of the same things called [[Mamut]].

== In popular culture ==
The moon pie has been a traditional throw of [[Mardi Gras in Mobile|Carnival]] [[krewe]]s in [[Mobile, Alabama]], since [[1974]],<ref name=DFhist> "MoonPie History", mardigrasdigest.com, 2008-02-05, webpage:[http://www.mardigrasdigest.com/html/history_of/history_of_the_moon_pies.htm]</ref>and other communities along the [[Mississippi]] [[Gulf of Mexico|Gulf Coast]], although it is seldom seen in [[New Orleans]] or other communities further west. The westernmost outpost of the moon pie as an important Carnival throw is [[Slidell, Louisiana]], which has a parade by "The Krewe of Mona Lisa and Moon Pie." Also, in the town of Oneonta, Alabama, there is a moon pie eating contest started by Wal-Mart employee John Love when he accidentally ordered too many. This anecdote was featured in [[Sam Walton]]'s autobiography, Made in America.

Moon pies are also mentioned in the TV series "[[Scrubs (TV series)|Scrubs]]" (2001) in the episode entitled "My Nickname", where the character "Janitor" nicknames the main character 'Scooter', because he says it's short for scooter pie, a food he hates.

In "[[The Green Mile (novel)|The Green Mile]]" (1996), a troublesome death row inmate William "Wild Bill" Wharton spits a whole-chewed moon pie on guard Brutus "Brutal" Howell's face as an annoying joke.

''Moonpie'' is also the name of a movie released in 2006. [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0481582/]

In the Television Series [[Buffy the Vampire Slayer (TV series)|Buffy the Vampire Slayer]] (Season 2, Episode 15: "Phases"), Xander comments on how the full moon influenced Mankind to create the Moonpie.

In an episode of ''[[The Simpsons]]'', [[List of recurring characters from The Simpsons#Jasper Beardly|Jasper]] freezes himself in the [[Kwik-E-Mart]] freezer to see the future, but he is thawed out early and, unaware of the fact, sees a Moon Pie and remarks, "What a time to be alive."

Also in an episode of ''[[The Simpsons]]'', [[List of recurring characters from The Simpsons#Bart Simpson|Bart]] has to help out an old lady and after doing what seems a hard day's work, he receives two quarters from the old lady. She remarks 'Go spend it on penny whistles and Moon Pie'.

==Notes==
<references/>

==External links==
* [http://www.moonpie.com/ The Chattanooga Bakery's official page]

[[Category:Cuisine of the Southern United States]]
[[Category:Brand name cookies]]
[[Category:Marshmallows]]
[[Category:Mardi Gras food]]

[[ko:초코파이]]

Quinanga

2008-04-04T16:19:28Z

216.191.169.117: Added the stub template.

'''Nanga of Kongo''' was the second ruler or [[manikongo]] of the Central African kingdom of [[Kingdom of Kongo|Kongo]]. The dates and events of his reign are unknown. It is know that he was a cousin of the kingdom's founder, [[Lukeni lua Nimi]].

==See also==
*[[List of rulers of Kongo]]
*[[Kingdom of Kongo]]

{{start box}}
{{succession box | before=[[Lukeni lua Nimi]] | title=[[Manikongo]] | years=1410s | after=[[Nlaza of Kongo|Nlaza]]}}
{{end box}}
{{RulersOfKongoKingdom}}
[[Category:Kongolese royalty]]
[[Category:Manikongo of Kongo]]
{{Africa-stub}}

St. Thomas (Ontario)

2006-12-08T14:46:55Z

216.191.169.117: /* Demographics */

{{Canadian City|
Reference Name=City of {{PAGENAME}}|
Header Format=Custom Coat of Arms|
Flag Image=|
Coat Image=St Thomas, Ontario Coat of Arms.jpg|
Motto=Strength through progress.|
Location Image Type=Custom|
Location Image=St Thomas, Ontario Location.png|
Latitude Longitude=42°47'58"N–42°45'16"N 81°12'52"W–81°08'48"W|
CCMapSource=goto coor|d1=42.776665|m1=|d2=81.179564|m2=|EP=|
Elevation=?|
Time zone=EST|
Postal Code=N5P, N5R|
Population description=
  - City 
  - [[Census division]] 
  - [[Census Metropolitan Area]]|
Population=33 236 ([http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census01/products/standard/popdwell/Table-CSD-N.cfm?T=2&SR=4893&S=20 127th]) 
81 553 ([[List of Ontario census divisions by population|30th]]) 
432 451 ([[List of the 100 largest metropolitan areas in Canada|10th]])|
Population Density=1030.9|
Area=32.24|
City Mayor=Cliff Barwick|
Governing Body=[[St. Thomas City Council]]|
MPs=[[Joe Preston (politician)|Joe Preston]] ([[Conservative Party of Canada|CPC]])|
MLAs=[[Steve Peters|Stephen J. Peters]] ([[Ontario Liberal Party|OLP]])|
website=[http://www.city.st-thomas.on.ca/ City of St. Thomas]|
Census Year=2001|
Extra references=None|
}}
'''St. Thomas''' is a [[city]] in southwestern [[Ontario]], [[Canada]]. It is the seat for [[Elgin County, Ontario|Elgin County]] and part of the greater [[London, Ontario|London]] urban area, gaining its city [[charter]] on [[March 4]], [[1881]].

== History ==
The city, located at the intersection of two historical roads, was first settled in [[1810]]. It was named the seat of the new [[Elgin County, Ontario|Elgin County]] in [[1844]] and was [[incorporation (municipal government)|incorporated]] as a [[village]] in [[1852]], as a [[town]] in [[1861]], and as a [[city]] in [[1881]].
[[Image:Jumbo1St.jpg|thumb|150px|left|Life-sized [[Jumbo]] statue]]

In the late [[19th century]] and early [[20th century]] several railways were constructed through the city, and St. Thomas became an important railway junction. A total of 26 railways have passed through the city since the first railway was completed in 1856. It has earned the title of the "Railway Capital of Canada." In the [[1950s]] and [[1960s]], with the decline of the railway as a mode of transportation, other industry began to locate in the city, principally primary and secondary automotive manufacturing.

[[Jumbo]] (the elephant) died here on September 15, 1885, when a train crashed into him. There is a life-sized commemorative statue that was erected in 1985, on the centennial of Jumbo's demise.

The city was named after [[Thomas Talbot (Upper Canada)|Thomas Talbot]] who helped promote the development of this region during the early [[19th century]].

== Mayors ==
Cliff Barwick is the current mayor of St. Thomas.

==Demographics==
*[[Whites|Caucasian]]: 95.5%
*[[First Nations|Aboriginal]]: 1.2%
*[[Visible minority|Visible minorities]]: 3.3%

*[[Protestantism|Protestant]]: 52.1%
*[[Roman Catholic Church|Catholic]]: 21%
*No affiliation: 22.1%
*Other: 4.8%

== Education ==
[[Image:Jumbo2St.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Circus mural with Jumbo on the northwest corner of the Manitoba St. and Talbot St. intersection.]]
[[Fanshawe College]] has a campus in St. Thomas. [[Catholic school|Catholic]] schools are controlled by the [[London District Catholic School Board]] (LDCSB) and [[Public education|public]] schools are controlled by the [[Thames Valley District School Board]] (TVDSB). There are two independent Christian schools, [http://www.stthomaschristian.org St Thomas Community Christian School] and Faith Christian Academy.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
! School name !! Type !! Grades !! № students
|-
| align="left" | [[Arthur Voaden Secondary School|Arthur Voaden S.S.]] || public || 9–12 || 670<ref name="fn_1">As of [[2003-10-30]], obtained from the [http://www.tvdsb.on.ca/directory/our_schools.asp TVDSB website].</ref>
|-
| align="left" | Balaclava St. P.S. || public || JK–8 || 200<ref name="fn_1" />
|-
| align="left" | [[Central Elgin Collegiate Institute]] || public || 9–12 || 765<ref name="fn_1" />
|-
| align="left" | Edward St. P.S. || public || JK–6 || 152<ref name="fn_1" />
|-
| align="left" | Elgin Court P.S. || public || JK–6 || 413<ref name="fn_1" />
|-
| align="left" | Elmdale P.S. || public || JK–6 || 135<ref name="fn_1" />
|-
| align="left" | [[Fanshawe College]] || || ||
|-
| align="left" | Forest Park P.S. || public || JK–6 || 472<ref name="fn_1" />
|-
| align="left" | Homedale P.S. || public || 7–8 || 446<ref name="fn_1" />
|-
| align="left" | [[Locke's P.S]]. || public || JK–8 || 453<ref name="fn_1" />
|-
| align="left" | Monsignor Morrison || Catholic || JK–8 || 480<ref name="fn_2">As of [[2004]]–[[2005]] school year, obtained from the [http://www.ldcsb.on.ca/school_elementary.asp LDCSB website].</ref>
|-
| align="left" | Myrtle St. P.S. || public || JK–6 || 211<ref name="fn_1" />
|-
| align="left" | New Sarum P.S. || public || JK–8 || 453<ref name="fn_1" />
|-
| align="left" | Parkside C.I. || public || 9–12 || 940<ref name="fn_1" />
|-
| align="left" | St. Gabriel's C.S. || Catholic || K–3 ||
|-
| align="left" | St. Joseph's H.S. || Catholic || 9–12 ||
|-
| align="left" | St. Raphael's C.S. || Catholic || 4–8 || 305<ref name="fn_2" />
|-
| align="left" | Scott St. P.S. || public || JK–8 || 236<ref name="fn_1" />
|-
| align="left" | Southwold P.S. || public || JK–8 || 626<ref name="fn_1" />
|-
| align="left" | Wellington St. P.S. || public || K–6 || 300<ref name="fn_1" />
|}
<references />
*'''''Abbreviations:''' C.I. = Collegiate Institute; C.S. = Catholic School; H.S. = High School; P.S. = Public School; S.S. = Secondary School''

== Media ==
St. Thomas has several media outlets based in the city. The ''[[St. Thomas Times-Journal]]'' is the city's newspaper, owned by [[Bowes Publishers]]. [[Rogers Cable]] has a local [[cable television]] channel. A low-power [[FM radio]] station — VF8016, 90.1 [[Megahertz|MHz]] — broadcasts religious activities from Faith Baptist Church of St. Thomas.

[[CFHK-FM]], branded as ''103.1 Fresh FM'', is also licensed to St. Thomas, although its programming largely targets the larger [[London, Ontario|London]] market.

Although the city does not have its own television station, Industry Canada has allocated channel 33 for future use in St. Thomas.

== Parks ==
There are three major parks in the city: Pinafore Park in the south, beside Pinafore Lake; and Waterworks Park in the north, straddled by [[Kettle Creek (Ontario)|Kettle Creek]] and the Waterworks Reservoir nearby.

The [[Trans Canada Trail]] goes through St. Thomas, with a [[pavilion (structure)|pavilion]] located in Jonas Street Park.

== Notable residents ==
* [[Rachel McAdams]], [[actor|actress]] (''[[The Hot Chick]], [[Mean Girls]], [[The Notebook]], [[Wedding Crashers]], [[Red Eye]], [[The Family Stone]], [[Marriage (film)|Marriage]]'')
* [[Steve Peters|Stephen J. Peters]], [[politician]], [[Member of Provincial Parliament|MPP]] for [[Elgin—Middlesex—London]], [[Minister of Labour (Ontario)|Minister of Labour (Ontario)]], previously [[Minister of Agriculture and Food (Ontario)|Minister of Agriculture and Food (Ontario)]]
* [[Joe Thornton]], professional [[ice hockey]] player ([[San Jose Sharks]], [[Boston Bruins]], [[Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds]])
* [[Helen Shaver]], [[actor|actress]], [[film director|director]], [[Film producer|producer]] (''[[The Amityville Horror]], [[The Color of Money]], [[Judging Amy]]'')
* [[Stephen Ouimette]], [[actor]], [[theatre direction|director]] widely known for his work at the Stratford Festival of Canada
* [[Aaron Walpole]], the third-place finisher in the third season of Canadian Idol

== External links ==
* [http://www.city.st-thomas.on.ca/ City of St. Thomas official website]
* [http://www.stthomastimesjournal.com/ ''St. Thomas Times-Journal'']
* [http://www.railwaycapital.ca/ St. Thomas, Ontario, the Railway Capital of Canada]
* [http://www.ecrm5700.org/ Elgin County Railway Museum]
* http://www.elgintheatreguild.ca

{| width="75%" border="2" align="center"
| width="35%" align="center" |
| width="30%" align="center" | '''North:''' [[Central Elgin, Ontario|Central Elgin]]
| width="35%" align="center" |
|-
| width="10%" align="center" | '''West:''' [[Southwold, Ontario|Southwold]]
| width="35%" align="center" | '''St. Thomas'''
| width="30%" align="center" | '''East:''' [[Central Elgin, Ontario|Central Elgin]]
|-
| width="35%" align="center" |
| width="30%" align="center" | '''South:''' [[Central Elgin, Ontario|Central Elgin]]
| width="35%" align="center" |
|}
{{Ontario}}

[[Category:Cities in Ontario]]
[[Category:Elgin County, Ontario]]

[[ja:セントトーマス (オンタリオ州)]]
[[pl:St. Thomas (Ontario)]]
[[pt:St. Thomas (Ontário)]]

St. Thomas (Ontario)

2006-12-08T14:46:45Z

216.191.169.117: /* Demographics */