Wikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de]

Marmaduke Pickthall

2011-05-25T15:33:17Z

212.129.64.244: /* External links */

{{Refimprove|date=April 2009}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Marmaduke Pickthall
| image = Pickthall1.jpg
| caption =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1876|04|07|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Harrow, London]]
| birth_name = Marmaduke William Pickthall
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1936|05|19|1876|04|07|df=y}}
| death_place = Porthminster Hotel, [[St Ives, Cornwall]]
| occupation = [[Muslim scholar]]
}}
('''Mohammed''') '''Marmaduke Pickthall''' (7 April 1875 – 19 May 1936) was a Western [[Islamic scholar]], noted as an English translator of the [[Qur'an]] into [[English language|English]]. A convert from [[Christianity]], Pickthall was a novelist, esteemed by [[D. H. Lawrence]], [[H. G. Wells]], and [[E. M. Forster]], as well as a journalist, headmaster, and political and religious [[leadership|leader]]. He declared his Islam in dramatic fashion after delivering a talk on ‘Islam and Progress' on November 29, 1917, to the [[Muslim Literary Society]] in [[Notting Hill]], West London. He was also involved with the services of the [[Woking Muslim Mission]] in the absence of [[Khwaja Kamal-ud-Din]], its founder.<ref>http://www.wokingmuslim.org/pers/pickthall/woking.htm</ref>

==Biography==
Marmaduke was born in 1875 to Mary O'Brien and the Reverend Charles Grayson Pickthall, a comfortable middle class English family, whose roots trace back to a knight of [[William the Conqueror]]. On the death of his father, when Marmaduke was five, the family moved to London. He was a shy and sickly child, suffering from bronchitis. He attended [[Harrow School]] but left after just six terms.<ref>http://www.thetruecall.com/home/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=183</ref>

Pickthall travelled across many Eastern countries, gaining reputation as a Middle-Eastern scholar. A strong advocate of the [[Ottoman Empire]] even prior to declaring his faith as a [[Muslim]], Pickthall studied the [[Orient]], and published articles and novels on the subject, e.g. ''[[The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (book)|The Meaning of the Glorious Koran]]''. While under the service of the [[Osman Ali Khan, Asif Jah VII|Nizam of Hyderabad]], Pickthall published his translation of the [[Qur'an]], authorized by the [[Al-Azhar University]] and referred to by the ''[[Times Literary Supplement]]'' as "''a great literary achievement.''"

When a propaganda campaign was launched in the UK in 1915 over the massacres of Armenians, Pickthall rose to challenge it and argued that all the blame could not be placed on the Turkish government. At a time when many Indian Muslims in London had been co-opted by the [[Foreign Office]] to provide propaganda services in support of Britain's war against Turkey, Pickthall's stand was considered{{Citation needed|date=April 2010}} courageous given the war climate. When British Muslims were asked to decide whether they were loyal to the [[Allied Powers|Allies]] (Britain and France) or the [[Central Powers]] (Germany and Turkey), Pickthall said he was ready to be a combatant for his country so long as he did not have to fight the Turks. He was conscripted in the last months of the war and became corporal in charge of an influenza isolation hospital. The Foreign Office would have dearly liked to have used his talents as a linguist, but instead decided to regard him as a security risk.<ref>[http://www.islamispeace.org.uk/itm.php?id_top=39 www.islamispeace.org.uk]</ref>

In 1920 he went to India with his wife to serve as editor of the Bombay Chronicle, returning to England only in 1935, a year before his death at St Ives, Cornwall. It was in India that he completed his famous translation, ''The Meaning of the Glorious Koran''.

His translation of the Holy Qur'an can be found online on www.altafsir.com.<ref>http://www.altafsir.com/ViewTranslations.asp?Display=yes&SoraNo=1&Ayah=0&toAyah=0&Language=2&LanguageID=2&TranslationBook=3</ref>

Pickthall was buried in the Muslim cemetery at [[Brookwood Cemetery|Brookwood]] in Surrey, England, where [[Abdullah Yusuf Ali]] was later buried. His legacy is of particular interest to Muslim converts.

==See also==
{{Wikisource|Author:Marmaduke Pickthall|Marmaduke Pickthall}}
*[[Abdullah Yusuf Ali]]
*[[Ali Ünal]]
*[[Ahmed Raza Khan]]
*[[Rowland Allanson-Winn, 5th Baron Headley]]
*[[Henry Stanley, 3rd Baron Stanley of Alderley]]
*[[Sir Charles Edward Archibald Watkin Hamilton, 5th Baronet]]
*[[William Abdullah Quilliam]]
*[[Timothy Winter]]
*[[Faris Glubb]]
*[[Ahmad Thomson]]
*[[Islam in the United Kingdom]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://al-quran.info/?x=y#&&sura=24&aya=1&trans=en-marmaduke_pickthall&show=both,quran-uthmani&ver=2.00 Online Quran Project] includes the [[Qur'an]] translation by Marmaduke Pickthall.
*[http://quran.xeustechnologies.org/ Web based Quran Search application] Based on the translation from Marmaduke Pickthall.
*[http://www.masud.co.uk/ISLAM/bmh/BMM-AHM-pickthall_bio.htm A biography of Marmaduke William Pickthall]
*[http://web.archive.org/web/20071114044153/http://www.al-sunnah.com/call_to_islam/quran/pickthall/ The English translation of the Qur'an by Marmaduke William Pickthall]
* {{gutenberg author| id=Pickthall+Marmaduke+William | name=Marmaduke Pickthall}}
*[http://www.wokingmuslim.org/pers/pickthall/ Pickthall, the Woking Muslim Mission, and his views about Lahore Ahmadiyya leaders]
* [[ODNB]] article by Mohammad Shaheen, ‘Pickthall, Marmaduke William (1875–1936)’, ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2007 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/60874, accessed 21 Oct 2010]

==Further reading==
* Obituary in ''The Times'', Wednesday 20 May 1936, Page 18, Issue 47379.

{{Persondata 
| NAME = Pickthall, Marmaduke
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH = April 7, 1876
| PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Harrow, London]]
| DATE OF DEATH = May 19, 1936
| PLACE OF DEATH = Porthminster Hotel, [[St Ives, Cornwall]]
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Pickthall, Marmaduke}}
[[Category:1875 births]]
[[Category:1936 deaths]]
[[Category:Converts to Islam]]
[[Category:British Muslims]]
[[Category:Old Harrovians]]
[[Category:People from Harrow, London]]
[[Category:Qur'an translators]]
[[Category:Burials at Brookwood Cemetery]]
[[Category:English Muslims]]
[[Category:Muslim scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:Islamic studies scholars]]

[[ar:محمد مارمادوك بكتال]]
[[fa:محمد مارمادوک پیکتال]]
[[ko:마르마두크 피크탈]]
[[id:Marmaduke Pickthall]]
[[ml:മർമഡ്യൂക് പിക്താൾ]]
[[ms:Marmaduke Pickthall]]
[[ja:マルマデュケ・ピクタール]]
[[pnb:محمد مارمادوک پکتھال]]
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[[ur:محمد مارمادوک پکتھال]]

Telefónica Europe

2010-01-07T15:45:36Z

212.129.64.244: /* Struktur */

{{Dieser Artikel|erläutert die Unternehmensgruppe Telefónica Europe; für die deutsche Tochter siehe [[Telefónica O₂ Germany]]}}

{{Infobox_Unternehmen |
Name = Telefónica Europe plc|
Logo = [[Datei:Telefonica-o2.svg|200px]]|
Unternehmensform = [[Aktiengesellschaft (Vereinigtes Königreich)|plc]]|
ISIN = US8793822086 |
Gründungsdatum = 2001 (Ausgliederung aus der British Telecom)|
Sitz = [[Slough]], [[Vereinigtes Königreich|UK]]|
Leitung = Peter Erskine, [[Chief Executive Officer|CEO]]|
Mitarbeiterzahl = 29.000|
Branche = Telekommunikation|
Produkte = Festnetz-Telefonie, Mobilfunk, DSL|
Homepage = [http://www.o2.com www.o2.com]
}}
'''Telefónica Europe plc''' ist seit 2006 eine Tochtergesellschaft der spanischen [[Telekommunikation|Telefongesellschaft]] [[Telefónica]]. Ursprünglich war sie ein Teil der [[British Telecom]] und hieß Cellnet. Als Konzernname wird seit der Abspaltung vom englischen Mutterunternehmen O2 verwendet. Die deutsche Tochter firmiert sich als '''[[Telefónica O₂ Germany]]'''.

Zudem ist O2 noch in [[Vereinigtes Königreich|Großbritannien]], [[Irland]], der [[Tschechische Republik|Tschechischen Republik]] sowie der [[Slowakei]] mit eigenen Netzen vertreten. Die Marke wird außerdem für die Festnetz- und Internetaktivitäten der Telefónica in Europa (außerhalb Spaniens) genutzt.

== Geschichte ==
Das Unternehmen wurde am 19. November 2001 selbstständig, als British Telecom die Anteile an seinem [[Mobilfunk]]geschäft in eine neue Gruppe, mmO2, abspaltete.

Im Jahr 2003 trennte sich mmO2 für 25 Mio. Euro von ''O2 Netherlands'', das seitdem wieder ''Telfort'' heißt. Nach einer Umstrukturierung im März 2005 firmierte das Unternehmen als O2 plc. Am 23. Januar 2006 hat die spanische [[Telefónica]] die Übernahme von O2 für umgerechnet 26 Milliarden [[Euro]] abgeschlossen. Dadurch wurden O2 plc und Telefónica zusammen mit über 100 Millionen Kunden das weltweit viertgrößte Mobilfunkunternehmen nach [[China Mobile]], [[Vodafone]] und [[China Unicom]]. Das [[Rebranding]] zur Marke O2 wurde im September 2006 durchgeführt.

Seit 2006 gehören außerdem der ehemals staatliche Telekomkonzern Ceský Telecom sowie der angegliederte Mobilfunknetzbetreiber Eurotel, der Marktführer in [[Tschechien]], zum Konzern, beide Unternehmen verschmolzen am 1. Juli 2006 zu Telefónica O2 Czech Republic. Im Juni 2006 wurde der britisch DSL-Anbieter [[:en:Be Unlimited|Be]] für umgerechnet rund 74 Mio. Euro gekauft. Seit dem August 2006 besitzt die O2 Group außerdem eine Mobilfunklizenz in der [[Slowakei]] und ist dort Anfang Februar 2007 als „Telefónica O2 Slovakia“ gestartet.

== Struktur ==
Zur O2-Gruppe gehörten 2002 sechs europäische Unternehmen mit über 42 Millionen Mobil- und Festnetzkunden in Europa.

* Telefónica Europe plc (GB):
** Telefónica O2 Germany (D)
** Telefónica O2 Ireland (IE)
** Telefónica O2 UK (GB)
** Telefónica O2 Czech Republic (CZ)
** Telefónica O2 Slovakia (SK)
** Be Unlimited (GB)
** Manx Telecom (IM)

Seit Übernahme durch Telefónica wurde ein umfassendes [[Rebranding]] seiner Netzbetreiber in [[Deutschland]] (''[[Viag Interkom]]''), Irland (''Esat Digifone''), dem Vereinigten Königreich (''BT Cellnet'') sowie in den Niederlanden (''Telfort'') auf die Marke ''O2'' durchgeführt. Die einzelnen Ländergesellschaften erhielten den Namen ''Telefónica O2'' plus dem jeweiligen Ländernamen in englischer Sprache. Die deutsche [[Tochtergesellschaft|Tochter]] heißt demnach [[O2 Germany|Telefónica O2 Germany]].

Auch wenn der Name es nicht vermuten lässt, gehört O2 Asia Pacific zu Telefónica Europe. Gestartet wurde es 2002 in Singapur als O2 Asia. Der Hauptsitz ist in Singapur, und es gibt Büros in Australien, Malaysia und Korea sowie eine Schwesterfirma in Hongkong; Neben [[Singapur]], [[Australien]], [[Malaysia]] und [[Hongkong]] werden Produkte in [[Indonesien]], [[Thailand]], [[Indien]], [[Vereinigte Arabische Emirate]], [[Saudi-Arabien]], [[Bahrain]], [[Kuwait]], [[Taiwan]], [[Pakistan]], [[Philippinen]] und [[Vietnam]] vertrieben.


== Weblinks ==

* [http://www.o2.com/ Telefónica Europe]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Telefonica Europe}}
[[Kategorie:Mobilfunkanbieter]]
[[Kategorie:Unternehmen (Vereinigtes Königreich)]]
[[Kategorie:Slough]]

[[en:Telefónica Europe]]
[[es:Telefónica Europe (O2)]]
[[fr:Telefónica O2]]
[[it:Telefónica O2]]
[[no:O2 (selskap)]]
[[pl:O2 plc]]
[[ro:Telefónica O2 Europa]]
[[sk:Telefónica O2 Europe]]
[[zh:O2]]

Aluhut

2009-09-10T12:45:23Z

212.129.64.244:

[[Image:ManWearingTinFoilHat.jpg|thumb|A man wearing a tin foil hat.]]

A '''tin foil hat''' is a piece of [[headgear]] made from one or more sheets of [[aluminium foil]] or similar material. Alternatively it may be a conventional hat lined with foil. Some people wear the hats in the belief that they act to shield the [[brain]] from such influences as [[electromagnetic field]]s, or against [[mind control]] and/or [[telepathy|mind reading]].

The concept of wearing a tin foil hat for protection from such threats has become a popular [[stereotype]] and term of derision; the phrase serves as a [[byword]] for [[paranoia]] and is associated with [[conspiracy theorists]].

The reasons for their use include the supposed prevention of perceived harassment from governments, the IRC rating office, spies or paranormal beings. These draw on the stereotypical images of mind control operating by [[Extra-sensory perception|ESP]] or technological means, like [[microwave auditory effect|microwave radiation]]. The effectiveness of tin foil hats is disputable; however, the belief in their necessity is popularly associated with paranoia or mental illness.<ref name="Crazy" >{{cite web | title = Hey Crazy--Get a New Hat | url = http://www.bostonist.com/archives/2005/11/15/hey_crazyget_a_new_hat.php | accessdate = 2007-04-05 | date = 15 November 2005 | publisher = Bostonist }}</ref>

== Scientific basis ==

The notion that a tin foil hat can significantly reduce the intensity of incident radio frequency radiation on the wearer's brain has some scientific validity, as the effect of strong radio waves has been documented for quite some time. <ref>{{cite book | title = Neurophysiologic effects of Radiofrequency and Microwave Radiation, Bulletin of New York Academy of Medicine, vol. 55, no. 11, | name = W. R. Adey | date = December, 1979 | page = 1079 - 1093}}</ref> A well constructed tin foil enclosure would approximate a [[Faraday cage]], reducing the amount of (typically harmless) [[Radio waves|radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation]] inside. A common high school physics demonstration involves placing an [[AM radio]] on tin foil, and then covering the radio with a metal bucket. This leads to a noticeable reduction in signal strength. The efficiency of such an enclosure in blocking such radiation depends on the thickness of the tin foil, as dictated by the [[skin effect|skin depth]], the distance the radiation can propagate in a particular non-ideal [[electrical conductor|conductor]]. For half-millimeter-thick tin foil, radiation above about 20 kHz (i.e., including both [[AM band|AM]] and [[FM band]]s) would be partially blocked, although tin foil is not sold in this thickness, and numerous layers of tin foil would be required to sustain this effect.<ref>{{ cite book | title = Classical Electrodynamics | first = John David | last = Jackson | publisher = Wiley Press | year = 1998 }}</ref>

The effectiveness of the tin foil hat as [[electromagnetic shielding]] for stopping radio waves is greatly reduced by the fact that it is not a complete enclosure. Placing an AM radio under a metal bucket without a conductive layer underneath demonstrates the relative ineffectiveness of such a setup. Indeed, because the effect of an ungrounded Faraday cage is to partially reflect the incident radiation, a radio wave that is incident on the inner surface of the hat (i.e., coming from underneath the hat-wearer) would be reflected and partially 'focused' towards the user's brain. While tin foil hats may have originated in some understanding of the Faraday cage effect, the use of such a hat to attenuate radio waves belongs properly to the realm of [[pseudoscience]].

A study by [[graduate student]]s at [[MIT]] determined that a tin foil hat could either amplify or attenuate incoming radiation depending on frequency; the effect was observed to be roughly independent of the relative placement of the wearer and radiation source.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://people.csail.mit.edu/rahimi/helmet/ | title = On the Effectiveness of Aluminium Foil Helmets | subtitle = An Empirical Study | first = Ali | last = Rahimi | coauthors = Ben Recht, Jason Taylor, Noah Vawter | accessdate = 2007-04-05 | date = 17 February 2005 | publisher = Ali Rahimi }}</ref> At GHz wavelengths, the [[skin depth]] is less than the thickness of even the thinnest foil.{{Citation needed|date=December 2008}}

Tin foil hats are seen by some as a protective measure against the effects of [[electromagnetic radiation]] (EMR). Despite some allegations that EMR exposure has negative health consequences,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.independent.co.uk/environment/article362557.ece |title=Electronic smog - Environment - The Independent |publisher=News.independent.co.uk |date=2006-05-07 |accessdate=2009-06-09}}</ref> at this time, no link has been verifiably proven between the radio-frequency EMR that tin foil hats are meant to protect against and subsequent ill health.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/radiofrequencyradiation/healtheffects.html |title=Safety and Health Topics: Radiofrequency and Microwave Radiation - Health Effects |publisher=Osha.gov |date= |accessdate=2009-06-09}}</ref>

=== Electromagnetic hearing ===

{{main|microwave auditory effect}}

Humans are able to detect modulated radio-frequency electromagnetic signals in the [[microwave]] range, hearing them as sounds. The perceived source of induced sound is located inside of or directly behind the head of the recipient, regardless of the location of the transmitter. The effect is believed to be caused by thermoelastic expansion of the brain exposed to microwaves.<ref name="Elder & Chou 2003">{{cite journal|last1=Elder|first1=Joe A.|last2=Chou|first2=C.K.|year=2003|title=Auditory response to pulsed radiofrequency energy|journal=Bioelectromagnetics|volume=24|issue=S6|publisher=Wiley-Liss|issn=0197-8462|url=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/106565261/abstract}}</ref>

During the [[Cold War]], electromagnetic hearing was clinically studied in the [[United States]] for applications including covert message transmission and use as a [[non-lethal weapon]]. As a declassified [[National Ground Intelligence Center]] document points out:

: ''It may be useful to provide a disruptive condition to a person not aware of the technology. Not only might it be disruptive to the sense of hearing, it could be psychologically devastating if one suddenly heard "voices within one's head".''<ref>{{cite book|title=Nonlethal Technologies – Worldwide|chapter=Bioeffects of Selected Nonlethal Weapons|year=1998|publisher=National Ground Intelligence Center|url=http://sigint.wordpress.com/2008/02/17/bioeffects-of-selected-nonlethal-weapons/}}</ref>

A number of [[patent]]s was granted by the [[United States Patent and Trademark Office]] for various applications of the technology, including {{US patent|3393279|"nervous system excitation"}}, and {{US patent|3951134|"remotely monitoring and altering brain waves"}}.

In 1962, [[Allan H. Frey]] discovered that reception of the induced sound can be blocked by a patch of [[wire mesh]] (not foil) placed above the [[temporal lobe]].<ref name="Elder & Chou 2003"/>

==In popular culture ==
{{In popular culture|date=August 2009}}
Tin foil hats were worn in the movie ''[[Signs (film)|Signs]]'' to protect from alien mind-reading tactics, and coincidentally were alluded to in another [[Mel Gibson]] movie, ''[[Conspiracy Theory (film)|Conspiracy Theory]]''.

Tin foil hats are frequently used in [[popular culture]] to indicate paranoia, especially as induced by [[mental illness]].<ref name="Crazy" />


''[[EastEnders]]'' character [[Joe Wicks]] was briefly portrayed constructing and wearing his own tin foil hat as part of a storyline which saw him suffering from [[schizophrenia]].

In an episode of the [[Discovery Channel]] television show ''[[MythBusters]]'' dealing with [[Microwave Oven|microwave oven]] myths, [[Adam Savage]] constructed a tin foil hat to wear while working in the shop, as [[Jamie Hyneman]] had taken apart a microwave in an attempt to design a "microwave gun." That hat was not intended to provide serious protection for Adam, and was a [[tongue-in-cheek]] reference to their use. However, Adam was seriously concerned for the safety of the show's cast and crew while working with an uncovered microwave.

In April 2007, [[MMORPG]] [[World of Warcraft]] announced a new in-game item on its website named the 'Tinfoil Hat'. The hat came complete with [[tongue-in-cheek]] statistics such as hiding the player's profile from The Armory (an online character database), and allowing the player to see 'the truth'. The item was later revealed to be an [[April Fool's Day]] joke.

[[FactCheck]] suggested that those who espouse [[Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories]] "should first equip themselves with a high-quality tinfoil hat."<ref name="factcheck">{{cite web|publisher=[[FactCheck]] |url=http://www.factcheck.org/elections-2008/born_in_the_usa.html |title=Born in the U.S.A. |date=August 21, 2008 |dateformat=mdy |accessdate=October 24 2008}}</ref>

In the [[Artemis Fowl]] series, Foaly is initially described as wearing a tinfoil hat

In the Futurama movie "Futurama: Into the Wild Green Yonder" many characters wear tinfoil hats to prevent others from reading their thoughts/stop reading other people's thoughts.



== See also ==

* [[List of hats and headgear]]

* [[Electromagnetic radiation and health]]

== References ==

{{refs|2}}
http://zapatopi.net/blog/?post=200511112730.afdb_effectiveness

== External links ==
* [http://www.straightdope.com/columns/000609.html Do tinfoil helmets provide adequate protection against mind control rays?] – from [[The Straight Dope]]
* [http://zapatopi.net/afdb.html Aluminium Foil Deflector Beanie] – parody
* [http://www.theregister.co.uk/2005/11/11/tinfoil_hats_as_government_plot/ Tinfoil hats attract mind-control signals, boffins learn]
* [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/01/10/AR2007011001399.html Mind Games -Washington Post]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tin Foil Hat}}
[[Category:Paranoia]]
[[Category:Hats]]
[[Category:Mind control]]
[[Category:Pseudoscience]]

[[nl:Aluminium hoedje]]
[[ru:Шапочка из фольги]]
[[fi:Foliohattu]]
[[sv:Foliehatt]]
[[zh:锡箔帽]]

Digicel

2009-02-03T13:03:07Z

212.129.64.244: /* Partnership with Vodafone */

{{Infobox_Company |
company_name = Digicel Group Limited |
company_logo = [[Image:Digicellogo.jpg|200px]] |
company_type = Private - owned by [[Denis O'Brien]] |
company_slogan = "The Bigger, Better Network." |
foundation = 2001 |
location = {{flagicon|JAM}} [[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]], [[Jamaica]] |
key_people = {{flagicon|IRL}} [[Colm Delves]] (CEO) {{flagicon|IRL}} [[Denis O'Brien]] (Executive [[Chairman]])|
num_employees = ~5,500 (2008) |
industry = [[Mobile phone|Mobile]] [[telecommunications]] |
products = Mobile networks, Telecom services, [[WiMAX]] Broadband, Etc.|
homepage = [http://www.digicelgroup.com Digicel Group Ltd.] [http://www.digicelpacific.com Digicel Pacific Ltd.]
}}
'''Digicel''' is a [[mobile phone]] network provider covering parts of [[Oceania]], [[Latin America]], and the [[Caribbean]] regions. The company is incorporated in [[Bermuda]], and based in [[Jamaica]], the company provides mobile services in 26 countries and territories throughout the Caribbean and [[Central America]] with more than six million wireless users. Meanwhile its sister operation [[Digicel Pacific]] to date (Jan 2008) operates in five markets in the [[Oceania|South Pacific]] ([[Samoa]], [[Papua New Guinea]], [[Tonga]], [[Vanuatu]]) and [[Fiji]]. <ref>[http://www.digicelgroup.com/group/article_press_releases.php?aid=2906&pn=&section=achievements Digicel Caribbean: Group]</ref>
The company's largest competitor in the Caribbean region is [[Cable & Wireless (Caribbean)|LIME]]'s [[bmobile]] brand.

==History==
Digicel, first established April, 2001 in Jamaica grew to 100,000 customers in approximately 100 days. In the 7 years since the initial launch, Digicel's Jamaican customer base has grown to 1.9 million users (March 2008). In [[Haiti]], where they launched operations in May 2006, the company reached 6.5 million subscribers by May 2007 and now has more than two million customers making Haiti Digicel's largest customer base to date. Digicel is 100% owned by [[Ireland|Irish]] entrepreneur [[Denis O'Brien]]. The company has a [[marketshare]] of roughly 70% in Jamaica.([http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2006-08-27-digicel_x.htm Digicel makes cellphone connection in Jamaica])

==Competitive Issues with Incumbents==
The majority of Digicel networks start up in countries where the [[telecommunication]]s market has been newly [[Economic liberalization|liberalised]]. As a result there have been numerous rows between Digicel executives and former state incumbent operators over [[interconnect agreement]]s. This has led to Digicel taking some incumbent operators to court.<ref>[http://www.marketwire.com/mw/release.do?id=752781 High Court Action by Digicel Against Cable & Wireless Over Unlawful Behaviour]</ref><ref>[http://news.bn.gs/article.php?story=20061020092016745&mode=print Breaking News: Irish vs British in Digicel TSTT Spat]</ref>
==Digicel Expansion==
In 2006 Digicel expanded into the [[South America]]n mainland as well as the Pacific. On September 2006 Digicel acquired an unrelated mobile phone provider ''Digicel Holdings'' in [[El Salvador]], rebranding it as ''El Nuevo Digicel''. Digicel El Salvador has now overtaken [[Claro]] as number 2 Operator in the country. The group has also won a mobile telecommunications license in [[Guatemala]]. In December 2007 Digicel won a highly competitive bid for a mobile license in [[Honduras]] and Digicel won a licence to operate in [[Panama]] in May 2008. Digicel launched in [[Honduras]] and the [[British Virgin Islands]] in November 2008 and in [[Panama]] in December 2008.

In 2007 Digicel also expanded their presence in South America and in the country of [[Guyana]], acquiring ''U*Mobile'', now rebranded as Digicel Guyana Ltd as well as launching in [[Suriname]] (December 2007) and [[French Guiana]] (June 2006). Digicel now operates in 23 markets. Digicel has also hinted that it would undertake expansion to the [[United States]] market at some point in the future.<ref>[http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/magazines/Business/html/20040224T200000-0500_56211_OBS_DIGICEL_SEEKS_PARTNER_FOR_FIBRE_OPTIC_LINE.asp]</ref>

===Digicel Pacific===
Digicel's sister operation in the [[Pacific Islands]] region currently operates in [[Samoa]] and in [[Papua New Guinea]], [[Vanuatu]] , [[Tonga]], [[Fiji]], as well as an experimental licence in the [[Solomon Islands]].<ref>[http://www.redknee.com/news_events/news_releases/archive_2007/208/].</ref>

==Partnership with ezetop==
On 20th March 2007, Digicel signed an agreement with [[ezetop]] to provide mobile credit to the [[diaspora]] across the world. ezetop currently markets Digicel top-up for [[Anguilla]], [[Antigua and Barbuda]], [[Dominica]], [[Grenada]], [[St. Kitts and Nevis]], [[St. Lucia]], [[St. Vincent and the Grenadines]], [[Barbados]], [[Jamaica]], [[Trinidad and Tobago]], [[Haiti]], [[Guyana]], and [[Samoa]] in retail stores in the [[United States|US]], the [[United Kingdom|UK]] and online around the world at their website.
[[Image:DigicelTopUpSign.JPG|thumb|right|250px|A Digicel Top-Up sign at a flower shop in Antigua & Barbuda.]]

==Partnership with Vodafone==
On [[6 February]] [[2007]], Digicel signed a three-year partnership agreement with [[Vodafone]]. Though both will remain separate and independent companies, the agreement, which includes Digicel's sister operation in Samoa, will result in the offering of new [[roaming]] capabilities. The two groups will also become preferred roaming partners of each other.<ref>[http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/magazines/Business/html/20070208T220000-0500_118911_OBS_VODAFONE_AND_DIGICEL_SIGN___YEAR_PARTNERSHIP_AGREEMENT.asp Vodafone and Digicel sign 3 year partnership agreement - JAMAICAOBSERVER.COM]</ref><ref>[http://www.vodafone.com/article_with_thumbnail/0,3038,OPCO%253D40000%2526CATEGORY_ID%253D200%2526MT_ID%253Dpr%2526LANGUAGE_ID%253D0%2526CONTENT_ID%253D294407,00.html]</ref>

What is interesting to note, is that as well as being partners, [[Digicel]] and Vodafone are also rival operators in [[Fiji]], where ''Digicel Fiji'' recently launched, and Vodafone owns a minority (49%) stake in ''Vodafone Fiji''.

==Digicel Foundation==
Digicel and its [[shareholder]]s set up a foundation that has been actively involved in charitable work throughout the Caribbean involving a wide range of school and sports projects as well as providing assistance after [[Hurricane Ivan]] devastated many of the islands, especially Grenada and the [[Cayman Islands]].{{Fact|date=August 2007}}
To date the Digicel Foundation in Jamaica has allocated [[US$]]7 million to [[sustainable development]] community projects in the country. In Haiti the Digicel Foundation built 20 [[primary school]]s in its first year.

== Caribbean and Central American Operations ==

The Caribbean and Central American operations of Digicel Group (December 2008).

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center"
|+'''Digicel Caribbean & Centran American Territories'''
! style="background:#ffdead;" | Territory
! colspan="2" style="background:#ffdead;" | [[GSM]] & [[CDMA]] Frequencies
! colspan="2" style="background:#ffdead;" | Local Sites
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Anguilla}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1900 [[MHz]]
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelanguilla.com Digicel Anguilla]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Antigua and Barbuda}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 850/900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 800 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelantiguaandbarbuda.com Digicel Antigua & Barbuda]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Aruba}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelaruba.com Digicel Aruba]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Barbados}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelbarbados.com Digicel Barbados]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Bermuda}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelbermuda.com Digicel Bermuda]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Bonaire}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelbonaire.com Digicel Bonaire]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Curaçao}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelcuracao.com Digicel Curaçao]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Dominica}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelanguilla.com Digicel Dominica]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|El Salvador}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicel.com.sv Digicel El Salvador]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|French Guiana}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicel.fr Digicel French Windies & French Guiana]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Grenada}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelgrenada.com Digicel Grenada]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Guadeloupe|local}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicel.fr Digicel French Windies & French Guiana]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Guatemala}} (planned March 2009)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelgroup.com Digicel Group]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Guyana}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelguyana.com Digicel Guyana]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Haiti}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelhaiti.com Digicel Haiti]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Honduras}} (Launched November 2008)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicel.hn Digicel Honduras]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Cayman Islands}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 850/900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicel.ky Digicel Cayman Islands]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Jamaica}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digiceljamaica.com Digicel Jamaica]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Martinique}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicel.fr Digicel French Windies & French Guiana]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Panama}} (launched December 2008)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelpanama.com Digicel Panamá]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Saint Kitts and Nevis}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelsaintkittsandnevis.com Digicel Saint Kitts & Nevis]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Saint Lucia}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelstlucia.com Digicel St. Lucia]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelsvg.com Digicel Saint Vincent & the Grenadines]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Suriname}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelsuriname.com Digicel Suriname]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Turks and Caicos Islands}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digiceltci.com Digicel Turks & Caicos]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Trinidad and Tobago}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 850/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 800/1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digiceltt.com Digicel Trinidad & Tobago]
|-
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.digicelgroup.com/ Digicel Homepage]
*[http://www.forbes.com/technology/forbes/2008/0811/072.html Babble Rouser] - By Bernard Condon 07.17.08, 6:00 PM ET - Forbes Magazine
*[http://www.caribbeannetnews.com/cgi-script/csArticles/articles/000028/002832.htm Digicel Suriname License - Caribbean Net News] (April 17th, 2007)
*[http://www.barbadosadvocate.com/NewViewNewsleft.cfm?Record=27641 Digicel among three bidding for Colombia's third-largest cellular company] (September 01st, 2006) - ''Barbados Advocate''
* [http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/magazines/Business/html/20060428T000000-0500_103476_OBS_DIGICEL_TO_BUILD_US____MILLION_CARIBBEAN_HEADQUARTERS_IN_KINGSTON.asp Digicel to build US$10-million Caribbean headquarters in Kingston] (April 30th, 2006) - ''Jamaica Observer Newspaper''
*[http://www.caribbeannetnews.com/cgi-script/csArticles/articles/000013/001323.htm Digicel marks five year anniversary with record growth] ([[April 22]]nd, [[2006]]) - ''Caribbean Net News''
*[http://www.barbadosadvocate.com/NewViewNewsleft.cfm?Record=22578 Digicel continues expansion] ([[August 26]], [[2005]]) - ''Barbados Advocate''
*[http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/html/20060416t200000-0500_102714_obs_denis_o_brien___visionary_philanthopist_embraces_employee_ownership_.asp Denis O'Brien, visionary philanthropist embraces employee ownership' by Jean Lowrie-Chin] (April 2006) - ''Jamaica Observer''
*[http://www.nationnews.com/story/302407972661454.php Digicel racks up US$74M loss] - ''Nation News'' (October 09th, 2008)
*[http://www.digicell.co.za Digicell vehicle tracking for fleet managment - South Africa]

{{Caribbean mobile phone companies}}

[[Category:Mobile phone companies]]
[[Category:Mobile phone companies of Trinidad and Tobago]]
[[Category:Mobile phone companies of El Salvador]]
[[Category:Mobile phone companies of Guatemala]]
[[Category:Vodafone|Digicel]]

[[es:Digicel]]
[[fr:Digicel]]

Digicel

2009-01-06T15:53:41Z

212.129.64.244: /* Digicel Expansion */

{{Infobox_Company |
company_name = Digicel Group Limited |
company_logo = [[Image:Digicellogo.jpg|200px]] |
company_type = Private - owned by [[Denis O'Brien]] |
company_slogan = "The Bigger, Better Network." |
foundation = 2001 |
location = {{flagicon|JAM}} [[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]], [[Jamaica]] |
key_people = {{flagicon|IRL}} [[Colm Delves]] (CEO) {{flagicon|IRL}} [[Denis O'Brien]] (Executive [[Chairman]])|
num_employees = ~5,500 (2008) |
industry = [[Mobile phone|Mobile]] [[telecommunications]] |
products = Mobile networks, Telecom services, [[WiMAX]] Broadband, Etc.|
homepage = [http://www.digicelgroup.com Digicel Group Ltd.] [http://www.digicelpacific.com Digicel Pacific Ltd.]
}}
'''Digicel''' is a [[mobile phone]] network provider covering parts of [[Oceania]], [[Latin America]], and the [[Caribbean]] regions. The company is incorporated in [[Bermuda]], and based in [[Jamaica]], the company provides mobile services in 26 countries and territories throughout the Caribbean and [[Central America]] with more than six million wireless users. Meanwhile its sister operation [[Digicel Pacific]] to date (Jan 2008) operates in five markets in the [[Oceania|South Pacific]] ([[Samoa]], [[Papua New Guinea]], [[Tonga]], [[Vanuatu]]) and [[Fiji]]. <ref>[http://www.digicelgroup.com/group/article_press_releases.php?aid=2906&pn=&section=achievements Digicel Caribbean: Group]</ref>
The company's largest competitor in the Caribbean region is [[Cable & Wireless (Caribbean)|LIME]]'s [[bmobile]] brand.

==History==
Digicel, first established April, 2001 in Jamaica grew to 100,000 customers in approximately 100 days. In the 7 years since the initial launch, Digicel's Jamaican customer base has grown to 1.9 million users (March 2008). In [[Haiti]], where they launched operations in May 2006, the company reached 6.5 million subscribers by May 2007 and now has more than two million customers making Haiti Digicel's largest customer base to date. Digicel is 100% owned by [[Ireland|Irish]] entrepreneur [[Denis O'Brien]]. The company has a [[marketshare]] of roughly 70% in Jamaica.([http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2006-08-27-digicel_x.htm Digicel makes cellphone connection in Jamaica])

==Competitive Issues with Incumbents==
The majority of Digicel networks start up in countries where the [[telecommunication]]s market has been newly [[Economic liberalization|liberalised]]. As a result there have been numerous rows between Digicel executives and former state incumbent operators over [[interconnect agreement]]s. This has led to Digicel taking some incumbent operators to court.<ref>[http://www.marketwire.com/mw/release.do?id=752781 High Court Action by Digicel Against Cable & Wireless Over Unlawful Behaviour]</ref><ref>[http://news.bn.gs/article.php?story=20061020092016745&mode=print Breaking News: Irish vs British in Digicel TSTT Spat]</ref>
==Digicel Expansion==
In 2006 Digicel expanded into the [[South America]]n mainland as well as the Pacific. On September 2006 Digicel acquired an unrelated mobile phone provider ''Digicel Holdings'' in [[El Salvador]], rebranding it as ''El Nuevo Digicel''. Digicel El Salvador has now overtaken [[Claro]] as number 2 Operator in the country. The group has also won a mobile telecommunications license in [[Guatemala]]. In December 2007 Digicel won a highly competitive bid for a mobile license in [[Honduras]] and Digicel won a licence to operate in [[Panama]] in May 2008. Digicel launched in [[Honduras]] and the [[British Virgin Islands]] in November 2008 and in [[Panama]] in December 2008.

In 2007 Digicel also expanded their presence in South America and in the country of [[Guyana]], acquiring ''U*Mobile'', now rebranded as Digicel Guyana Ltd as well as launching in [[Suriname]] (December 2007) and [[French Guiana]] (June 2006). Digicel now operates in 23 markets. Digicel has also hinted that it would undertake expansion to the [[United States]] market at some point in the future.<ref>[http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/magazines/Business/html/20040224T200000-0500_56211_OBS_DIGICEL_SEEKS_PARTNER_FOR_FIBRE_OPTIC_LINE.asp]</ref>

===Digicel Pacific===
Digicel's sister operation in the [[Pacific Islands]] region currently operates in [[Samoa]] and in [[Papua New Guinea]], [[Vanuatu]] , [[Tonga]], [[Fiji]], as well as an experimental licence in the [[Solomon Islands]].<ref>[http://www.redknee.com/news_events/news_releases/archive_2007/208/].</ref>

==Partnership with ezetop==
On 20th March 2007, Digicel signed an agreement with [[ezetop]] to provide mobile credit to the [[diaspora]] across the world. ezetop currently markets Digicel top-up for [[Anguilla]], [[Antigua and Barbuda]], [[Dominica]], [[Grenada]], [[St. Kitts and Nevis]], [[St. Lucia]], [[St. Vincent and the Grenadines]], [[Barbados]], Jamaica, [[Trinidad and Tobago]], [[Haiti]], [[Guyana]], and [[Samoa]] in retail stores in the [[United States|US]], the [[United Kingdom|UK]] and online around the world at their website.
[[Image:DigicelTopUpSign.JPG|thumb|right|250px|A Digicel Top-Up sign at a flower shop in Antigua & Barbuda.]]

==Partnership with Vodafone==
On [[6 February]] [[2007]], Digicel signed a three-year partnership agreement with [[Vodafone]]. Though both will remain separate and independent companies, the agreement, which includes Digicel's sister operation in Samoa, will result in the offering of new [[roaming]] capabilities. The two groups will also become preferred roaming partners of each other.<ref>[http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/magazines/Business/html/20070208T220000-0500_118911_OBS_VODAFONE_AND_DIGICEL_SIGN___YEAR_PARTNERSHIP_AGREEMENT.asp Vodafone and Digicel sign 3 year partnership agreement - JAMAICAOBSERVER.COM]</ref><ref>[http://www.vodafone.com/article_with_thumbnail/0,3038,OPCO%253D40000%2526CATEGORY_ID%253D200%2526MT_ID%253Dpr%2526LANGUAGE_ID%253D0%2526CONTENT_ID%253D294407,00.html]</ref>

==Digicel Foundation==
Digicel and its [[shareholder]]s set up a foundation that has been actively involved in charitable work throughout the Caribbean involving a wide range of school and sports projects as well as providing assistance after [[Hurricane Ivan]] devastated many of the islands, especially Grenada and the [[Cayman Islands]].{{Fact|date=August 2007}}
To date the Digicel Foundation in Jamaica has allocated [[US$]]7 million to [[sustainable development]] community projects in the country. In Haiti the Digicel Foundation built 20 [[primary school]]s in its first year.

== Caribbean and Central American Operations ==

The Caribbean and Central American operations of Digicel Group (June 2008).

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center"
|+'''Digicel Caribbean & Centran American Territories'''
! style="background:#ffdead;" | Territory
! colspan="2" style="background:#ffdead;" | [[GSM]] & [[CDMA]] Frequencies
! colspan="2" style="background:#ffdead;" | Local Sites
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Anguilla}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1900 [[MHz]]
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelanguilla.com Digicel Anguilla]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Antigua and Barbuda}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 850/900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 800 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelantiguaandbarbuda.com Digicel Antigua & Barbuda]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Aruba}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelaruba.com Digicel Aruba]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Barbados}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelbarbados.com Digicel Barbados]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Bermuda}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelbermuda.com Digicel Bermuda]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Bonaire}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelbonaire.com Digicel Bonaire]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Curaçao}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelcuracao.com Digicel Curaçao]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Dominica}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelanguilla.com Digicel Dominica]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|El Salvador}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicel.com.sv Digicel El Salvador]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|French Guiana}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicel.fr Digicel French Windies & French Guiana]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Grenada}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelgrenada.com Digicel Grenada]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Guadeloupe|local}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicel.fr Digicel French Windies & French Guiana]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Guatemala}} (planned March 2009)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelgroup.com Digicel Group]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Guyana}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelguyana.com Digicel Guyana]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Haiti}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelhaiti.com Digicel Haiti]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Honduras}} (Launched November 2008)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicel.hn Digicel Honduras]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Cayman Islands}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 850/900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicel.ky Digicel Cayman Islands]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Jamaica}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digiceljamaica.com Digicel Jamaica]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Martinique}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicel.fr Digicel French Windies & French Guiana]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Panama}} (launched December 2008)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelpanama.com Digicel Panamá]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Saint Kitts and Nevis}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelsaintkittsandnevis.com Digicel Saint Kitts & Nevis]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Saint Lucia}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelstlucia.com Digicel St. Lucia]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelsvg.com Digicel Saint Vincent & the Grenadines]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Suriname}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelsuriname.com Digicel Suriname]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Turks and Caicos Islands}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digiceltci.com Digicel Turks & Caicos]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Trinidad and Tobago}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 850/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 800/1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digiceltt.com Digicel Trinidad & Tobago]
|-
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.digicelgroup.com/ Digicel Homepage]
*[http://www.forbes.com/technology/forbes/2008/0811/072.html Babble Rouser] - By Bernard Condon 07.17.08, 6:00 PM ET - Forbes Magazine
*[http://www.caribbeannetnews.com/cgi-script/csArticles/articles/000028/002832.htm Digicel Suriname License - Caribbean Net News] (April 17th, 2007)
*[http://www.barbadosadvocate.com/NewViewNewsleft.cfm?Record=27641 Digicel among three bidding for Colombia's third-largest cellular company] (September 01st, 2006) - ''Barbados Advocate''
* [http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/magazines/Business/html/20060428T000000-0500_103476_OBS_DIGICEL_TO_BUILD_US____MILLION_CARIBBEAN_HEADQUARTERS_IN_KINGSTON.asp Digicel to build US$10-million Caribbean headquarters in Kingston] (April 30th, 2006) - ''Jamaica Observer Newspaper''
*[http://www.caribbeannetnews.com/cgi-script/csArticles/articles/000013/001323.htm Digicel marks five year anniversary with record growth] ([[April 22]]nd, [[2006]]) - ''Caribbean Net News''
*[http://www.barbadosadvocate.com/NewViewNewsleft.cfm?Record=22578 Digicel continues expansion] ([[August 26]], [[2005]]) - ''Barbados Advocate''
*[http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/html/20060416t200000-0500_102714_obs_denis_o_brien___visionary_philanthopist_embraces_employee_ownership_.asp Denis O'Brien, visionary philanthropist embraces employee ownership' by Jean Lowrie-Chin] (April 2006) - ''Jamaica Observer''
*[http://www.nationnews.com/story/302407972661454.php Digicel racks up US$74M loss] - ''Nation News'' (October 09th, 2008)

{{Caribbean mobile phone companies}}

[[Category:Mobile phone companies]]
[[Category:Mobile phone companies of Trinidad and Tobago]]
[[Category:Mobile phone companies of El Salvador]]
[[Category:Mobile phone companies of Guatemala]]
[[Category:Vodafone|Digicel]]

[[es:Digicel]]
[[fr:Digicel]]

Digicel

2009-01-06T15:45:59Z

212.129.64.244: /* Digicel Expansion */

{{Infobox_Company |
company_name = Digicel Group Limited |
company_logo = [[Image:Digicellogo.jpg|200px]] |
company_type = Private - owned by [[Denis O'Brien]] |
company_slogan = "The Bigger, Better Network." |
foundation = 2001 |
location = {{flagicon|JAM}} [[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]], [[Jamaica]] |
key_people = {{flagicon|IRL}} [[Colm Delves]] (CEO) {{flagicon|IRL}} [[Denis O'Brien]] (Executive [[Chairman]])|
num_employees = ~5,500 (2008) |
industry = [[Mobile phone|Mobile]] [[telecommunications]] |
products = Mobile networks, Telecom services, [[WiMAX]] Broadband, Etc.|
homepage = [http://www.digicelgroup.com Digicel Group Ltd.] [http://www.digicelpacific.com Digicel Pacific Ltd.]
}}
'''Digicel''' is a [[mobile phone]] network provider covering parts of [[Oceania]], [[Latin America]], and the [[Caribbean]] regions. The company is incorporated in [[Bermuda]], and based in [[Jamaica]], the company provides mobile services in 26 countries and territories throughout the Caribbean and [[Central America]] with more than six million wireless users. Meanwhile its sister operation [[Digicel Pacific]] to date (Jan 2008) operates in five markets in the [[Oceania|South Pacific]] ([[Samoa]], [[Papua New Guinea]], [[Tonga]], [[Vanuatu]]) and [[Fiji]]. <ref>[http://www.digicelgroup.com/group/article_press_releases.php?aid=2906&pn=&section=achievements Digicel Caribbean: Group]</ref>
The company's largest competitor in the Caribbean region is [[Cable & Wireless (Caribbean)|LIME]]'s [[bmobile]] brand.

==History==
Digicel, first established April, 2001 in Jamaica grew to 100,000 customers in approximately 100 days. In the 7 years since the initial launch, Digicel's Jamaican customer base has grown to 1.9 million users (March 2008). In [[Haiti]], where they launched operations in May 2006, the company reached 6.5 million subscribers by May 2007 and now has more than two million customers making Haiti Digicel's largest customer base to date. Digicel is 100% owned by [[Ireland|Irish]] entrepreneur [[Denis O'Brien]]. The company has a [[marketshare]] of roughly 70% in Jamaica.([http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2006-08-27-digicel_x.htm Digicel makes cellphone connection in Jamaica])

==Competitive Issues with Incumbents==
The majority of Digicel networks start up in countries where the [[telecommunication]]s market has been newly [[Economic liberalization|liberalised]]. As a result there have been numerous rows between Digicel executives and former state incumbent operators over [[interconnect agreement]]s. This has led to Digicel taking some incumbent operators to court.<ref>[http://www.marketwire.com/mw/release.do?id=752781 High Court Action by Digicel Against Cable & Wireless Over Unlawful Behaviour]</ref><ref>[http://news.bn.gs/article.php?story=20061020092016745&mode=print Breaking News: Irish vs British in Digicel TSTT Spat]</ref>
==Digicel Expansion==
In 2006 Digicel expanded into the [[South America]]n mainland as well as the Pacific. On September 2006 Digicel acquired an unrelated mobile phone provider ''Digicel Holdings'' in [[El Salvador]], rebranding it as ''El Nuevo Digicel''. Digicel El Salvador has now overtaken [[Claro]] as number 2 Operator in the country. The group has also won a mobile telecommunications license in [[Guatemala]]. In December 2007 Digicel won a highly competitive bid for a mobile license in [[Honduras]] and Digicel won a licence to operate in [[Panama]] in May 2008. Digicel launched in [[Honduras]] in November 2008 and in [[Panama]] and the [[British Virgin Islands]] in December 2008.

In 2007 Digicel also expanded their presence in South America and in the country of [[Guyana]], acquiring ''U*Mobile'', now rebranded as Digicel Guyana Ltd as well as launching in [[Suriname]] (December 2007) and [[French Guiana]] (June 2006). Digicel now operates in 23 markets. Digicel has also hinted that it would undertake expansion to the [[United States]] market at some point in the future.<ref>[http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/magazines/Business/html/20040224T200000-0500_56211_OBS_DIGICEL_SEEKS_PARTNER_FOR_FIBRE_OPTIC_LINE.asp]</ref>

===Digicel Pacific===
Digicel's sister operation in the [[Pacific Islands]] region currently operates in [[Samoa]] and in [[Papua New Guinea]], [[Vanuatu]] , [[Tonga]], [[Fiji]], as well as an experimental licence in the [[Solomon Islands]].<ref>[http://www.redknee.com/news_events/news_releases/archive_2007/208/].</ref>

==Partnership with ezetop==
On 20th March 2007, Digicel signed an agreement with [[ezetop]] to provide mobile credit to the [[diaspora]] across the world. ezetop currently markets Digicel top-up for [[Anguilla]], [[Antigua and Barbuda]], [[Dominica]], [[Grenada]], [[St. Kitts and Nevis]], [[St. Lucia]], [[St. Vincent and the Grenadines]], [[Barbados]], Jamaica, [[Trinidad and Tobago]], [[Haiti]], [[Guyana]], and [[Samoa]] in retail stores in the [[United States|US]], the [[United Kingdom|UK]] and online around the world at their website.
[[Image:DigicelTopUpSign.JPG|thumb|right|250px|A Digicel Top-Up sign at a flower shop in Antigua & Barbuda.]]

==Partnership with Vodafone==
On [[6 February]] [[2007]], Digicel signed a three-year partnership agreement with [[Vodafone]]. Though both will remain separate and independent companies, the agreement, which includes Digicel's sister operation in Samoa, will result in the offering of new [[roaming]] capabilities. The two groups will also become preferred roaming partners of each other.<ref>[http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/magazines/Business/html/20070208T220000-0500_118911_OBS_VODAFONE_AND_DIGICEL_SIGN___YEAR_PARTNERSHIP_AGREEMENT.asp Vodafone and Digicel sign 3 year partnership agreement - JAMAICAOBSERVER.COM]</ref><ref>[http://www.vodafone.com/article_with_thumbnail/0,3038,OPCO%253D40000%2526CATEGORY_ID%253D200%2526MT_ID%253Dpr%2526LANGUAGE_ID%253D0%2526CONTENT_ID%253D294407,00.html]</ref>

==Digicel Foundation==
Digicel and its [[shareholder]]s set up a foundation that has been actively involved in charitable work throughout the Caribbean involving a wide range of school and sports projects as well as providing assistance after [[Hurricane Ivan]] devastated many of the islands, especially Grenada and the [[Cayman Islands]].{{Fact|date=August 2007}}
To date the Digicel Foundation in Jamaica has allocated [[US$]]7 million to [[sustainable development]] community projects in the country. In Haiti the Digicel Foundation built 20 [[primary school]]s in its first year.

== Caribbean and Central American Operations ==

The Caribbean and Central American operations of Digicel Group (June 2008).

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center"
|+'''Digicel Caribbean & Centran American Territories'''
! style="background:#ffdead;" | Territory
! colspan="2" style="background:#ffdead;" | [[GSM]] & [[CDMA]] Frequencies
! colspan="2" style="background:#ffdead;" | Local Sites
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Anguilla}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1900 [[MHz]]
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelanguilla.com Digicel Anguilla]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Antigua and Barbuda}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 850/900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 800 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelantiguaandbarbuda.com Digicel Antigua & Barbuda]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Aruba}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelaruba.com Digicel Aruba]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Barbados}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelbarbados.com Digicel Barbados]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Bermuda}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelbermuda.com Digicel Bermuda]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Bonaire}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelbonaire.com Digicel Bonaire]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Curaçao}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelcuracao.com Digicel Curaçao]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Dominica}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelanguilla.com Digicel Dominica]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|El Salvador}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicel.com.sv Digicel El Salvador]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|French Guiana}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicel.fr Digicel French Windies & French Guiana]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Grenada}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelgrenada.com Digicel Grenada]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Guadeloupe|local}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicel.fr Digicel French Windies & French Guiana]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Guatemala}} (planned March 2009)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelgroup.com Digicel Group]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Guyana}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelguyana.com Digicel Guyana]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Haiti}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelhaiti.com Digicel Haiti]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Honduras}} (Launched November 2008)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicel.hn Digicel Honduras]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Cayman Islands}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 850/900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicel.ky Digicel Cayman Islands]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Jamaica}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digiceljamaica.com Digicel Jamaica]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Martinique}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicel.fr Digicel French Windies & French Guiana]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Panama}} (launched December 2008)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelpanama.com Digicel Panamá]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Saint Kitts and Nevis}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelsaintkittsandnevis.com Digicel Saint Kitts & Nevis]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Saint Lucia}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelstlucia.com Digicel St. Lucia]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelsvg.com Digicel Saint Vincent & the Grenadines]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Suriname}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelsuriname.com Digicel Suriname]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Turks and Caicos Islands}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digiceltci.com Digicel Turks & Caicos]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Trinidad and Tobago}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 850/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 800/1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digiceltt.com Digicel Trinidad & Tobago]
|-
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.digicelgroup.com/ Digicel Homepage]
*[http://www.forbes.com/technology/forbes/2008/0811/072.html Babble Rouser] - By Bernard Condon 07.17.08, 6:00 PM ET - Forbes Magazine
*[http://www.caribbeannetnews.com/cgi-script/csArticles/articles/000028/002832.htm Digicel Suriname License - Caribbean Net News] (April 17th, 2007)
*[http://www.barbadosadvocate.com/NewViewNewsleft.cfm?Record=27641 Digicel among three bidding for Colombia's third-largest cellular company] (September 01st, 2006) - ''Barbados Advocate''
* [http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/magazines/Business/html/20060428T000000-0500_103476_OBS_DIGICEL_TO_BUILD_US____MILLION_CARIBBEAN_HEADQUARTERS_IN_KINGSTON.asp Digicel to build US$10-million Caribbean headquarters in Kingston] (April 30th, 2006) - ''Jamaica Observer Newspaper''
*[http://www.caribbeannetnews.com/cgi-script/csArticles/articles/000013/001323.htm Digicel marks five year anniversary with record growth] ([[April 22]]nd, [[2006]]) - ''Caribbean Net News''
*[http://www.barbadosadvocate.com/NewViewNewsleft.cfm?Record=22578 Digicel continues expansion] ([[August 26]], [[2005]]) - ''Barbados Advocate''
*[http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/html/20060416t200000-0500_102714_obs_denis_o_brien___visionary_philanthopist_embraces_employee_ownership_.asp Denis O'Brien, visionary philanthropist embraces employee ownership' by Jean Lowrie-Chin] (April 2006) - ''Jamaica Observer''
*[http://www.nationnews.com/story/302407972661454.php Digicel racks up US$74M loss] - ''Nation News'' (October 09th, 2008)

{{Caribbean mobile phone companies}}

[[Category:Mobile phone companies]]
[[Category:Mobile phone companies of Trinidad and Tobago]]
[[Category:Mobile phone companies of El Salvador]]
[[Category:Mobile phone companies of Guatemala]]
[[Category:Vodafone|Digicel]]

[[es:Digicel]]
[[fr:Digicel]]

Digicel

2009-01-06T15:45:37Z

212.129.64.244: /* Digicel Expansion */

{{Infobox_Company |
company_name = Digicel Group Limited |
company_logo = [[Image:Digicellogo.jpg|200px]] |
company_type = Private - owned by [[Denis O'Brien]] |
company_slogan = "The Bigger, Better Network." |
foundation = 2001 |
location = {{flagicon|JAM}} [[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]], [[Jamaica]] |
key_people = {{flagicon|IRL}} [[Colm Delves]] (CEO) {{flagicon|IRL}} [[Denis O'Brien]] (Executive [[Chairman]])|
num_employees = ~5,500 (2008) |
industry = [[Mobile phone|Mobile]] [[telecommunications]] |
products = Mobile networks, Telecom services, [[WiMAX]] Broadband, Etc.|
homepage = [http://www.digicelgroup.com Digicel Group Ltd.] [http://www.digicelpacific.com Digicel Pacific Ltd.]
}}
'''Digicel''' is a [[mobile phone]] network provider covering parts of [[Oceania]], [[Latin America]], and the [[Caribbean]] regions. The company is incorporated in [[Bermuda]], and based in [[Jamaica]], the company provides mobile services in 26 countries and territories throughout the Caribbean and [[Central America]] with more than six million wireless users. Meanwhile its sister operation [[Digicel Pacific]] to date (Jan 2008) operates in five markets in the [[Oceania|South Pacific]] ([[Samoa]], [[Papua New Guinea]], [[Tonga]], [[Vanuatu]]) and [[Fiji]]. <ref>[http://www.digicelgroup.com/group/article_press_releases.php?aid=2906&pn=&section=achievements Digicel Caribbean: Group]</ref>
The company's largest competitor in the Caribbean region is [[Cable & Wireless (Caribbean)|LIME]]'s [[bmobile]] brand.

==History==
Digicel, first established April, 2001 in Jamaica grew to 100,000 customers in approximately 100 days. In the 7 years since the initial launch, Digicel's Jamaican customer base has grown to 1.9 million users (March 2008). In [[Haiti]], where they launched operations in May 2006, the company reached 6.5 million subscribers by May 2007 and now has more than two million customers making Haiti Digicel's largest customer base to date. Digicel is 100% owned by [[Ireland|Irish]] entrepreneur [[Denis O'Brien]]. The company has a [[marketshare]] of roughly 70% in Jamaica.([http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/2006-08-27-digicel_x.htm Digicel makes cellphone connection in Jamaica])

==Competitive Issues with Incumbents==
The majority of Digicel networks start up in countries where the [[telecommunication]]s market has been newly [[Economic liberalization|liberalised]]. As a result there have been numerous rows between Digicel executives and former state incumbent operators over [[interconnect agreement]]s. This has led to Digicel taking some incumbent operators to court.<ref>[http://www.marketwire.com/mw/release.do?id=752781 High Court Action by Digicel Against Cable & Wireless Over Unlawful Behaviour]</ref><ref>[http://news.bn.gs/article.php?story=20061020092016745&mode=print Breaking News: Irish vs British in Digicel TSTT Spat]</ref>
==Digicel Expansion==
In 2006 Digicel expanded into the [[South America]]n mainland as well as the Pacific. On September 2006 Digicel acquired an unrelated mobile phone provider ''Digicel Holdings'' in [[El Salvador]], rebranding it as ''El Nuevo Digicel''. Digicel El Salvador has now overtaken [[Claro]] as number 2 Operator in the country. The group has also won a mobile telecommunications license in [[Guatemala]]. In December 2007 Digicel won a highly competitive bid for a mobile license in [[Honduras]] and Digicel won a licence to operate in [[Panama]] in May 2008. Digicel launched in [[Honduras]] in November 2008 and in [[Panama]] and The [[British Virgin Islands]] in December 2008.

In 2007 Digicel also expanded their presence in South America and in the country of [[Guyana]], acquiring ''U*Mobile'', now rebranded as Digicel Guyana Ltd as well as launching in [[Suriname]] (December 2007) and [[French Guiana]] (June 2006). Digicel now operates in 23 markets. Digicel has also hinted that it would undertake expansion to the [[United States]] market at some point in the future.<ref>[http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/magazines/Business/html/20040224T200000-0500_56211_OBS_DIGICEL_SEEKS_PARTNER_FOR_FIBRE_OPTIC_LINE.asp]</ref>

===Digicel Pacific===
Digicel's sister operation in the [[Pacific Islands]] region currently operates in [[Samoa]] and in [[Papua New Guinea]], [[Vanuatu]] , [[Tonga]], [[Fiji]], as well as an experimental licence in the [[Solomon Islands]].<ref>[http://www.redknee.com/news_events/news_releases/archive_2007/208/].</ref>

==Partnership with ezetop==
On 20th March 2007, Digicel signed an agreement with [[ezetop]] to provide mobile credit to the [[diaspora]] across the world. ezetop currently markets Digicel top-up for [[Anguilla]], [[Antigua and Barbuda]], [[Dominica]], [[Grenada]], [[St. Kitts and Nevis]], [[St. Lucia]], [[St. Vincent and the Grenadines]], [[Barbados]], Jamaica, [[Trinidad and Tobago]], [[Haiti]], [[Guyana]], and [[Samoa]] in retail stores in the [[United States|US]], the [[United Kingdom|UK]] and online around the world at their website.
[[Image:DigicelTopUpSign.JPG|thumb|right|250px|A Digicel Top-Up sign at a flower shop in Antigua & Barbuda.]]

==Partnership with Vodafone==
On [[6 February]] [[2007]], Digicel signed a three-year partnership agreement with [[Vodafone]]. Though both will remain separate and independent companies, the agreement, which includes Digicel's sister operation in Samoa, will result in the offering of new [[roaming]] capabilities. The two groups will also become preferred roaming partners of each other.<ref>[http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/magazines/Business/html/20070208T220000-0500_118911_OBS_VODAFONE_AND_DIGICEL_SIGN___YEAR_PARTNERSHIP_AGREEMENT.asp Vodafone and Digicel sign 3 year partnership agreement - JAMAICAOBSERVER.COM]</ref><ref>[http://www.vodafone.com/article_with_thumbnail/0,3038,OPCO%253D40000%2526CATEGORY_ID%253D200%2526MT_ID%253Dpr%2526LANGUAGE_ID%253D0%2526CONTENT_ID%253D294407,00.html]</ref>

==Digicel Foundation==
Digicel and its [[shareholder]]s set up a foundation that has been actively involved in charitable work throughout the Caribbean involving a wide range of school and sports projects as well as providing assistance after [[Hurricane Ivan]] devastated many of the islands, especially Grenada and the [[Cayman Islands]].{{Fact|date=August 2007}}
To date the Digicel Foundation in Jamaica has allocated [[US$]]7 million to [[sustainable development]] community projects in the country. In Haiti the Digicel Foundation built 20 [[primary school]]s in its first year.

== Caribbean and Central American Operations ==

The Caribbean and Central American operations of Digicel Group (June 2008).

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center"
|+'''Digicel Caribbean & Centran American Territories'''
! style="background:#ffdead;" | Territory
! colspan="2" style="background:#ffdead;" | [[GSM]] & [[CDMA]] Frequencies
! colspan="2" style="background:#ffdead;" | Local Sites
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Anguilla}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1900 [[MHz]]
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelanguilla.com Digicel Anguilla]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Antigua and Barbuda}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 850/900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 800 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelantiguaandbarbuda.com Digicel Antigua & Barbuda]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Aruba}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelaruba.com Digicel Aruba]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Barbados}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelbarbados.com Digicel Barbados]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Bermuda}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelbermuda.com Digicel Bermuda]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Bonaire}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelbonaire.com Digicel Bonaire]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Curaçao}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelcuracao.com Digicel Curaçao]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Dominica}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelanguilla.com Digicel Dominica]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|El Salvador}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicel.com.sv Digicel El Salvador]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|French Guiana}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicel.fr Digicel French Windies & French Guiana]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Grenada}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelgrenada.com Digicel Grenada]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Guadeloupe|local}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicel.fr Digicel French Windies & French Guiana]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Guatemala}} (planned March 2009)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelgroup.com Digicel Group]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Guyana}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelguyana.com Digicel Guyana]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Haiti}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelhaiti.com Digicel Haiti]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Honduras}} (Launched November 2008)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicel.hn Digicel Honduras]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Cayman Islands}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 850/900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicel.ky Digicel Cayman Islands]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Jamaica}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digiceljamaica.com Digicel Jamaica]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Martinique}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicel.fr Digicel French Windies & French Guiana]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Panama}} (launched December 2008)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelpanama.com Digicel Panamá]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Saint Kitts and Nevis}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelsaintkittsandnevis.com Digicel Saint Kitts & Nevis]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Saint Lucia}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelstlucia.com Digicel St. Lucia]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1800/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelsvg.com Digicel Saint Vincent & the Grenadines]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Suriname}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | NO CDMA
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digicelsuriname.com Digicel Suriname]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Turks and Caicos Islands}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 900/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digiceltci.com Digicel Turks & Caicos]
|-
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | {{fb|Trinidad and Tobago}}
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 850/1900 MHz
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | 800/1900 MHz (planned)
| style="border-bottom:3px solid grey;" | [http://www.digiceltt.com Digicel Trinidad & Tobago]
|-
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.digicelgroup.com/ Digicel Homepage]
*[http://www.forbes.com/technology/forbes/2008/0811/072.html Babble Rouser] - By Bernard Condon 07.17.08, 6:00 PM ET - Forbes Magazine
*[http://www.caribbeannetnews.com/cgi-script/csArticles/articles/000028/002832.htm Digicel Suriname License - Caribbean Net News] (April 17th, 2007)
*[http://www.barbadosadvocate.com/NewViewNewsleft.cfm?Record=27641 Digicel among three bidding for Colombia's third-largest cellular company] (September 01st, 2006) - ''Barbados Advocate''
* [http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/magazines/Business/html/20060428T000000-0500_103476_OBS_DIGICEL_TO_BUILD_US____MILLION_CARIBBEAN_HEADQUARTERS_IN_KINGSTON.asp Digicel to build US$10-million Caribbean headquarters in Kingston] (April 30th, 2006) - ''Jamaica Observer Newspaper''
*[http://www.caribbeannetnews.com/cgi-script/csArticles/articles/000013/001323.htm Digicel marks five year anniversary with record growth] ([[April 22]]nd, [[2006]]) - ''Caribbean Net News''
*[http://www.barbadosadvocate.com/NewViewNewsleft.cfm?Record=22578 Digicel continues expansion] ([[August 26]], [[2005]]) - ''Barbados Advocate''
*[http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/html/20060416t200000-0500_102714_obs_denis_o_brien___visionary_philanthopist_embraces_employee_ownership_.asp Denis O'Brien, visionary philanthropist embraces employee ownership' by Jean Lowrie-Chin] (April 2006) - ''Jamaica Observer''
*[http://www.nationnews.com/story/302407972661454.php Digicel racks up US$74M loss] - ''Nation News'' (October 09th, 2008)

{{Caribbean mobile phone companies}}

[[Category:Mobile phone companies]]
[[Category:Mobile phone companies of Trinidad and Tobago]]
[[Category:Mobile phone companies of El Salvador]]
[[Category:Mobile phone companies of Guatemala]]
[[Category:Vodafone|Digicel]]

[[es:Digicel]]
[[fr:Digicel]]

Chicago Police Department

2008-10-26T13:42:29Z

212.129.64.244: /* Bureau of Investigative Services */

{{Infobox Law enforcement agency
| agencyname = Chicago Police Department
| nativename =
| nativenamea =
| nativenamer =
| commonname =
| abbreviation = CPD
| fictional =
| patch = Chicagopd jpg w300h294.jpg
| patchcaption = Shoulder sleeve patch for patrolmen and detectives
| logo =
| logocaption =
| badge =
| badgecaption =
| flag = Municipal Flag of Chicago.svg|180px
| flagcaption = Flag of the City of Chicago and of the Chicago Police Department
| motto = ''We Serve and Protect''
| mottotranslated =
| mission =
| formed = 1855
| preceding1 =
| preceding2 =
| dissolved =
| superseding =
| employees =
| volunteers =
| budget =
| nongovernment =
| country = United States
| national =
| federal =
| international =
| divtype = State
| divname = Illinois
| divdab =
| subdivtype = City
| subdivname = Chicago
| subdivdab =
| map =
| mapcaption =
| sizearea =
| sizepopulation =
| legaljuris =
| governingbody =
| governingbodyscnd =
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| police =
| local =
| military =
| religious =
| restriction =
| overviewtype =
| overviewbody =
| headquarters =
| hqlocmap =
| hqlocleft =
| hqloctop =
| hqlocmappoptitle=
| sworntype = Officer
| sworn = 13,700
| sworn2 =
| unsworntype =
| unsworn = 2,700
| multinational =
| electeetype =
| minister1name =
| minister1pfo =
| minister2name =
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| minister3name =
| minister3pfo =
| minister4name =
| minister4pfo =
| minister5name =
| minister5pfo =
| minister6name =
| minister6pfo =
| chief1name = J.P. Weis
| chief1position = Superintendent of Police
| parentagency =
| child1agency =
| unittype =
| unitname =
| officetype = Bureau
| officename = {{collapsible list |title=5 |Bureau of Administrative Services|Bureau of Investigative Services|Bureau of Patrol|Bureau of Professional Standards|Bureau of Strategic Deployment}}
| provideragency =
| uniformedas =
| stationtype = District
| stations = 25
| airbases =
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| website = [http://egov.cityofchicago.org/city/webportal/portalEntityHomeAction.do?entityName=Police&entityNameEnumValue=33 Official site]
| footnotes =
}}

The '''Chicago Police Department''', also known as the '''CPD''', is the principal [[Police|law enforcement]] [[Law enforcement agency|agency]] of the [[City of Chicago]], [[Illinois]], in the [[United States]], under the jurisdiction of the [[Mayor of Chicago|city mayor]]. It is the largest police department in the [[Midwest]] and the second largest in the [[United States]] after the [[New York City Police Department]] with over 13,600 sworn officers and over 2,600 other employees. Dating back to 1837, the Chicago Police Department is one of the oldest modern police forces in the world.

==Structure==
The Superintendent of Police leads the Chicago Police Department. The Superintendent manages five bureaus, each commanded by a Deputy Superintendent. The First Deputy Superintendent manages day-to-day operations, reporting directly to the superintendent. The current First Deputy Superintendent is James Jackson

[[Jody "J.P." Weis]] was sworn in as Superintendent of Police on [[February 1]] [[2008]]. Weis has become only the second Chicago police chief to come from outside the city. He replaced Philip J. Cline, who officially retired on [[August 3]], [[2007]].

Under Cline's leadership, the Department underwent many structural changes.

As of March 2008, the five Bureaus of the Department are:
*Bureau of Administrative Services - Deputy Superintendent Theodore F. O'Keefe
*Bureau of Investigative Services - Deputy Superintendent Steve Peterson
*Bureau of Patrol - Deputy Superintendent Beatrice Cuello
*Bureau of Professional Standards - Deputy Superintendent Pete Brust
*Bureau of Strategic Deployment - Deputy Superintendent Michael Shields

There are twenty-five police districts, each led by a Commander who oversees their district. Commanders report to Area Deputy Chiefs who report to the Deputy Superintendent of Patrol who reports to the Superintendent of Police who in turn is subject to the authority of the Mayor of Chicago.

===Bureau of Investigative Services===
Investigative functions are under the Bureau of Investigative Services (BIS). The Bureau of Investigative Services is composed of the Detective Division and the Organized Crime Division. The Detective Division includes the Bomb and Arson Unit, Cold Case Unit, Fugitive Apprehension Unit, Major Accidents Investigation Section and the Forensic Services Section which includes the Mobile Crime Lab of Forensic Investigators, ET-North and ET-South - which are the two Evidence Technician Units. The Organized Crime Division includes the Narcotic and Gang Investigations Section and the Vice Control Section.

The chief of detectives heads the detective division, the chief of organized crime heads that division--both reporting to the deputy superintendent BIS. OCD has one deputy chief, while the detective division has three.

The city is covered by five detective areas each lead by a commander: Area 1 (Wentworth) and Area 2 (Calumet) covers the south and southwest sides, while Area 3 (Belmont), Area 4 (Harrison) and Area 5 (Grand Central) covers the north, west and northwest sides of the city.
david purcell set up thd eastern precinct

===Bureau of Patrol===
The Bureau of Patrol includes the airport law enforcement section, public transportation section, and the public housing section. Also included in the Bureau of Patrol are the Traffic Unit, Bicycle Unit, and various tactical units.

===Bureau of Strategic Deployment===
Following the disbanding of the Special Operations Section in 2007 after much negative publicity and controversies, the Special Functions Group was formed to absorb the specialized units that were not associated with the controversial plain-clothes unit known informally as SOS. The Special Functions Group includes a full-time SWAT team, organized in 2005, with 70 members. It also includes the marine, K-9, animal abuse, critical response, mounted patrol, helicopter, and dignitary protection units. The dignitary protection unit, based out of O'Hare International Airport, is the only unit that utilizes two-wheeled motorcycles. The Bureau of Strategic Deployment also includes the Targeted Response Unit. The Mounted Unit maintains 30 horses as of December 2006. The marine unit maintains 9 boats.

==Ranks==
{| border="5" cellspacing="5" cellpadding="5" style="border-collapse:collapse;" class="wikitable"
!Title
!Insignia
!
|-
|Superintendent of Police
|[[Image:US-O10 insignia.svg|center|100px]]
|
|-
|First Deputy Superintendent
|[[Image:US-O9 insignia.svg|center|70px]]
|
|-
|Deputy Superintendent
|[[Image:US-O8 insignia.svg|center|50px]]
|
|-
|Chief
|[[Image:US-O7 insignia.svg|center|27px]]
|
|-
|Assistant Deputy Superintendent
|[[Image:Colonel Gold.png|center|40px]]
|Can be either Silver or Gold Spread Eagle
|-
|Deputy Chief
|[[Image:US-O5 insignia.svg|center|25px]]
|
|-
|Commander
|[[Image:US-O4 insignia.svg|center|25px]]
|
|-
|Captain
|[[Image:US-O3 insignia.svg|center|25px]]
|
|-
|Lieutenant/Inspector
|[[Image:US-OF1A.svg|center|10px]]
|An inspector wears the Lieutenant's uniform less any rank insignia
|-
|Sergeant
|[[Image:NYPD_Sergeant.jpg|center|40px]]
|-
|Police Officer/Assigned Detective
|
|Chicago detectives are not considered ranking officers, but rather officers assigned to specialized units, i.e. violent crimes, robbery, gang and narcotics, etc. (unless they hold the rank of Sergeant or above.
|-
|Field Training Officer
|
|Field Training Officers wear one chevron over one rocker, with "FTO" in the center of the insignia, but are also not considered ranking officers.
|-
|Police Officer
|
|
|}

As with other big-city departments, Chicago detectives are not considered ranking officers, but rather officers assigned to specialized units, i.e. violent crimes, robbery, gang and narcotics, etc. Field Training Officers wear one chevron over one rocker, with "FTO" in the center of the insignia, but are also not considered ranking officers.

===Insignia===

Chicago's five-pointed star-shaped badge (referred to as "star" vice "badge" in the vernacular of the department) also changes to reflect the different castes of officers. The stars of most Chicago Police officers (patrolmen through captain) are of silver-colored metal, with broad points. Command ranks have gold-colored stars with sharp points. A ring surrounding the full-color City seal in the star's center changes color for each rank within these two classifications. Like most American police forces, the officer's rank is written in an arc above the center element.

The Chicago Police Department's shoulder sleeve insignia, worn on the top of the left sleeve, is unusual in two regards.

*Its shape is octagonal instead of one of the more typical shapes used by most other American police forces.

*The embroidery colors vary depending upon the wearer's rank. In all cases, the patch is a white octagon with a full-color rendering of the city seal, ringed in gold, with "Chicago" written in an arc above the seal, and "Police" written in an arc below the seal. For patrolmen and detectives (detectives are occasionally uniformed for ceremonies and details), the octagon's outer edge is finished in dark blue thread, and the text is embroidered in dark blue thread. For sergeants, lieutenants and captains, the octagon's outer edge is finished in gold-colored thread, and the text is embroidered in dark blue thread. For so-called "command ranks" (commander through superintendent), the octagon's outer edge is finished in gold-colored thread, and the text is embroidered in gold-colored thread.

Service longevity is reflected just above the left cuff on long-sleeved uniforms. Five years of service are indicated by a horizontal bar, embroidered in gold-colored thread; ten years by two bars; fifteen by three bars; twenty by a five-pointed star, embroidered in gold colored thread; twenty-five by one star and one bar and so-forth.

An embroidered rendering of the Chicago flag, its borders finished in gold-colored thread, is worn on the right shoulder sleeve.

A two-part nameplate in gold-colored metal is worn above the right pocket. The upper portion bears the officer's name; the lower portion indicates the command to which the officer is assigned.

===Pay===
Starting salary for Chicago police officers is $43,104, increased to $55,723 after one year and an additional increase to $58,896 after 18 months, and $98,789 after 5 years in service. Promotions to specialized or command positions also increases an officer's base pay. Salaries are supplemented with a $2,920 annual duty availability bonus and an $1,800 annual uniform allowance. <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chicagopolice.org/recruitment/recruitment.html|title=A Career with a Future|publisher=Chicago Police Department|accessdate=2007-04-22}}</ref>

== Demographics ==
*Male: 79%
*Female: 21%

*White: 60%
*African-American/Black: 26%
*Hispanic: 13%
*Asian: 1%

==Chicago Alternative Policing Strategy (C.A.P.S.)==
{{main|Chicago Alternative Policing Strategy}}
[[Image:Chicago police car horiz.jpg|thumb|right|CPD's [[Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor]].]]

The Chicago Police Department is often credited for advancing community policing through the [[Chicago Alternative Policing Strategy]] program. Popularly known by its acronym '''C.A.P.S.''', it was established in 1992 and implemented in 1993 by then-Chicago Police Superintendent Matt L. Rodriguez. CAPS is an ongoing effort to bring communities, police, and other city agencies together to prevent crimes rather than react to crimes after they happen. The program entails increasing police presence in individual communities with a force of neighborhood-based beat officers. Beat Community Meetings are held regularly for community members and police officials to discuss potential problems and strategies.

Under CAPS, eight or nine beat officers are assigned to each of Chicago's 279 police beats. The officers patrol the same beat for over a year, allowing them to get to know community members, residents, and business owners and to become familiar with community attitudes and trends. The system also allows for those same community members to get to know their respective officers and learn to be comfortable in approaching them for help when needed. Beat officers are fully equipped and patrol their neighborhoods in a variety of methods: by bike, by car, or by foot.

==Early years==
When the town of Chicago was incorporated to become a city in 1837, provisions were made to elect an officer called the High Constable. He in turn would appoint a Common Constable from each of the six city wards. In 1855, the newly elected city council passed ordinances to formally establish the Chicago Police Department. Chicago was divided into three police precincts, each served by a station house. Station No. 1 was located in a building on State Street between Lake and Randolph streets. Station No. 2 was on West Randolph Street near Des Plaines Street. Station No. 3 was on Michigan Avenue near Clark Street. In 1860, the detective forces were established to investigate and solve crimes.

In 1861, the Illinois General Assembly passed a law creating a police board to become an executive department of Chicago autonomous of the mayor. The mayor was effectively stripped of his power to control the Chicago Police Department. Authority was given to three police commissioners. The commissioners created the office of superintendent to be the chief of police. The title is again in use today.

In 1875, the Illinois General Assembly found that the police commissioners were unable to control rampant corruption within the Chicago Police Department. The legislature passed a new law returning power over the police to the mayor. The mayor was allowed to appoint a single police commissioner with the advice and consent of the city council.

Despite centralized policies and practices, the captains who ran the precincts or districts were relatively independent of headquarters, owing their jobs to neighborhood politicians. Decentralization meant that police could respond to local concerns, but graft often determined which concerns got most attention.

Political connections were important to joining the force; formal requirements were few until 1895. After 1856, the department hired many foreign-born recruits, especially unskilled but English-speaking Irish immigrants. The first African American officer was appointed in 1872, but black police were assigned to duty in plain clothes only, mainly in largely black neighborhoods. Women entered the force in 1885 as matrons, caring for female prisoners. “Policewomen” were formally appointed beginning in 1913, to work with women and children. In 1895, Chicago adopted civil service procedures, and written tests became the basis for hiring and promotion. Standards for recruits rose, though policing remained political. <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/983.html |title=Police|publisher=Encyclopedia of Chicago |accessdate=2007-04-14}}</ref>

==Controversies & Brutality==
[[Image:2007 Chicago Marathon Chicago Police Motorcade.JPG|thumb|right|250px|The police motorcade awaits the start of the 2007 [[Chicago Marathon]].]]
Over the years, the Chicago police department has been the subject of a number of scandals and other controversies:

===Summerdale scandals===
The Chicago Police Department did not face large-scale reorganization efforts until 1960 under [[Richard J. Daley|Mayor Richard J. Daley]]. That year, Chicago was hounded by the Summerdale scandals. Eight officers from the Summerdale police district on Chicago's Northwest Side were accused of operating a large-scale burglary ring. News of the scandal was splashed across the city's newspapers and was the biggest police-related scandal the city had ever seen at the time. Mayor Daley appointed a committee to make recommendations for improvements to the police system. The action resulted in the creation of a five-member police board charged with nominating a superintendent to be the chief authority over police officers, drafting and adopting rules and regulations governing the police system, submitting budget requests to the city council, and hearing and deciding disciplinary cases involving police officers.<ref name="nytimes-1960">{{cite news |title=Chicago Chooses Criminologist to Head and Clean Up the Police |publisher=United Press International/The New York Times |date=February 22, 1960}}</ref> [[Criminology|Criminologist]] [[O.W. Wilson]] was brought on as Superintendent of Police, and served until 1967 when he retired.<ref name="cdlib">{{cite web |url=http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=tf3v19n6s0&doc.view=entire_text |title=Guide to the Orlando Winfield Wilson Papers, ca. |publisher=Online Archive of California |accessdate=2006-10-20}}</ref>

===1968 Democratic National Convention===
{{main|1968 Democratic National Convention}}
The Chicago Police Department faced a great deal of criticism for its actions during the [[1968 Democratic National Convention]], which was held in Chicago from [[August 26]] to [[August 29]], [[1968]].

The convention was site of a series of protests, mainly over the [[Vietnam War|war in Vietnam]]. Despite the poor behavior of some protesters, there was widespread criticism that the Chicago Police and [[United States National Guard|National Guard]] used [[police brutality|excessive force]]. ''Time'' published an article stating that "...With billy clubs, tear gas and Mace, the blue-shirted, blue-helmeted cops violated the civil rights of countless innocent citizens and contravened every accepted code of professional police discipline ... No one could accuse the Chicago cops of discrimination. They savagely attacked [[hippie]]s, [[yippie]]s, New Leftists, revolutionaries, dissident Democrats, newsmen, photographers, passers-by, clergymen and at least one handicapped. [[Winston Churchill]]'s journalist grandson got roughed up. Even [[Dan Rather]] a former CBS anchorman who was on the floor doing a report during the convention got roughed up by the Chicago Police Department. Playboy's [[Hugh Hefner]] took a whack on the backside. The police even victimized a member of the British Parliament, Mrs. [[Anne Kerr]], a vacationing Laborite who was Maced outside the Conrad Hilton and hustled off to the lockup.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www-cgi.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/1996/analysis/back.time/9609/06/ |title=Dementia in the Second City |publisher=Time Magazine |accessdate=2007-03-25}}</ref>

Subsequently, the Walker Report to the [[U.S. National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence]] called the police response a "[[police riot#United States|police riot]]," assigning blame for the mayhem in the streets to the Chicago Police.

===The Black Panther Raid===
{{seealso|Fred Hampton}}
On December 4, 1969, [[Black Panther Party]] leaders [[Fred Hampton]] and [[Mark Clark]] were shot and killed by officers working for the Cook County state's attorney. Though the police claimed they had been attacked by heavily armed Panthers, subsequent investigation showed that most bullets fired came from police weapons. Relatives of the two dead men eventually won a multimillion-dollar judgment against the city. For many African Americans, the incident symbolized prejudice and lack of restraint among the largely white police. The incident led to growing black voter disaffection with the Democratic machine. <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/983.html |title=Police|publisher=Encyclopedia of Chicago |accessdate=2007-04-14}}</ref>

===Ryan Harris murder===
On July 28, 1998, 11-year-old Ryan Harris was found raped and murdered in a vacant lot in the city's Englewood neighborhood. The [[homicide]] caught the nation's attention when, 12 days after Ryan's body was found, authorities, with the blessing of police command, charged a 7-year-old boy and 8-year-old boy with the murder, making them the youngest murder suspects in the nation at the time. <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/chi-0508010193aug01,0,7681174.story?coll=chi-news-hed |title=Ryan Harris' slaying haunts mother and city|publisher=Chicago Tribune |accessdate=2007-04-14}}</ref>

[[Semen]] found at the scene and subsequent [[DNA]] tests cleared the boys of the crime and pointed to convicted sex offender Floyd Durr. The boys each filed lawsuits against the city, which were eventually settled for millions of dollars and Durr pleaded guilty to the rape of Harris but never admitted to the girl's murder. <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/04/10/national/main1486426.shtml |title=Sex Offender Admits To 1998 Murder|publisher=CBS News |accessdate=2007-04-14}}</ref>

===Russ/Haggerty shootings===
Tensions between black residents and police simmered in the summer of 1999 after the fatal shootings of two unarmed black motorists, Robert Russ and LaTanya Haggerty. In one incident, Russ, a football player for [[Northwestern University]], was shot inside of his car after a high-speed chase followed by a struggle with a police officer. In the second, Haggarty, a computer analyst, was shot by a female officer. Charges of [[racism]] against the CPD persisted, despite the fact that officers in both incidences were also [[black]].

Both shootings resulted in lawsuits, each costing taxpayers millions of dollars. Haggerty's family, for example, reached a record $18 million settlement. <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.digitaljournal.com/article/32613|title=Chicago Judge OKs $18M Settlement|publisher=[[DigitalJournal.com]]|accessdate=2007-04-14}}</ref>

===Burge abuse allegations===
{{main|Jon Burge}}
Perhaps no other incident exemplifies abuse concerns by Chicago Police officers more than the allegations against former Cmdr. [[Jon Burge]]. Burge, a life-long South Side resident, has been accused of abusing more than 200 mostly African American men from 1972 to 1991 in order to coerce confessions to crimes. <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chicagoreader.com/policetorture/050402/|title=Tools of Torture|publisher=Chicago Reader|accessdate=2007-11-18}}</ref> Alleged victims claimed Burge and his crew of detectives working the midnight shift had them beaten, suffocated with a plastic bag, burned (by cigarette and radiator) and treated with electric shock. In 1993, Burge was fired from the department, and is currently collecting his police pension. In summer 2006, special prosecutors assigned to probe the allegations determined that they had enough evidence to prove crimes against Burge and others, but "regrettably" could not bring charges because the statute of limitations had passed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chicagoreader.com/policetorture/050402/|title=Tools of Torture|publisher=Chicago Reader|accessdate=2007-11-18}}</ref> In January 2008, the City Council approved a $19.8 million settlement with four men who claimed abuse against Burge and his men. <ref>{{cite web |url=http://cbs2chicago.com/topstories/burge.settlement.council.2.626215.html|title=City Council Approves $19.8M Burge Settlement|publisher=cbs2chicago.com|accessdate=2008-02-06}}</ref>

===West Loop Bar Attack===

Four businessmen who claim they were beaten by six off-duty Chicago police officers filed a lawsuit in federal court.

The employees said one of the off-duty officers approached a pool table where the men were playing, pushed aside the balls and said, "Game over," according to statements to the police department's Office of Professional Standards.

When the businessmen protested, the officers started to beat them, according to the filings. The officers were stripped of their police powers in March but have not been charged.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cbs2chicago.com/topstories/chicago.police.Jeffrey.2.337063.html|title=Officers Charged In December Bar Beating}}</ref>

The confrontation was caught on tape but police have not released any footage. The businessmen claim they suffered injuries including broken ribs, a broken nose, bruises and chipped bones.

The "off duty" Chicago police officers, that were involved in the fight walked outside to the street, in front of the bar. On duty police officers responded to the 911 call, and arrived on the scene. The off duty officers flashed their badges, and told the responding officers to leave. This was caught on tape, along with one officer punching one of the business men.

<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2007-09-12-4129414574_x.htm|title=http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2007-09-12-4129414574_x.htm}}</ref>

===Bar attack===

[[Image:Obrycka.jpg|right|150px|thumb|Bartender being punched and kicked by offduty Chicago Police officer Anthony Abbate.]]
Recently, the image of the Chicago Police Department had suffered when video of an intoxicated off-duty police officer kicking and beating a female bartender surfaced. Officer Anthony Abbate was shown on the footage beating and kicking Karolina Obrycka at Jesse's Shortstop Inn on [[February 19]], [[2007]] after Obrycka refused to serve him any more alcohol. Abbate was later arrested and charged with felony battery and stripped of his police powers after the television station WFLD showed the footage. The Chicago Police have since moved to terminate Abbate from the force, but questions remain over the city's handling of the case.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.suntimes.com/news/metro/306796,bartender032107.article |title=Bond set for cop charged in bar attack |publisher=Chicago Sun Times |accessdate=2007-03-24}}</ref>

Further controversy arose when Abbate was allowed to enter the courtroom for a hearing through a side door in order to shield himself from the media. This was apparently with the assistance of the Grand Central District officers who were on duty at the time, and acting on the orders of a CPD Captain. Allegations also surfaced that the police ticketed the vehicles of news organizations and threatened reporters with arrest. In the wake of this, Superintendent Cline announced that he would demote the Captain who gave the orders, and would launch investigations into the actions of the other officers involved.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.suntimes.com/news/metro/316138,CST-NWS-abbate28.article |title=Cline takes on thug cops |publisher=Chicago Sun Times |accessdate=2007-03-28}}</ref> On [[April 27]], [[2007]] 14 additional charges against Abbate were announced. These included [[official misconduct]], [[Conspiracy (crime)|conspiracy]], [[intimidation]], and speaking with a witness.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.suntimes.com/news/361261,abbate042707.article |title=Officer faces new charges in videotaped beating of bartender |publisher=Chicago Sun Times |accessdate=2007-04-27}}</ref> Abbate pleaded not guilty to all 15 charges during a brief hearing on [[May 16]], 2007.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2007/LAW/05/16/police.beating.ap/ |title= Cop pleads not guilty to taped bartender beating |publisher=CNN |accessdate=2007-05-20}}</ref>

Referring to Anthony Abbate, Superintendent Phil Cline has stated, "He's tarnished our image worse than anybody else in the history of the department."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20070330/ap_on_re_us/bartender_beaten_video |title=Videotaped beating dogs Chicago police |publisher=Associated Press |accessdate=2007-03-30}}</ref> The video of the attack has been viewed worldwide on 24-hour news channels and has garnered more than 100,000 views on YouTube. In the wake of this scandal and another similar scandal involving another videotaped beating at a bar, Cline announced his retirement on [[April 2]], [[2007]]. While both men have denied it, some believe that Cline retired under pressure from Mayor [[Richard M. Daley]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nbc5.com/news/11493979/detail.html |title=Chicago's Top Cop Resigns |publisher=WMAQ TV |accessdate=2007-04-02}}</ref> Mayor Daley has since announced a plan to create an independent police review board to replace the current Office of Professional Standards, which is under the jurisdiction of the police department.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.suntimes.com/news/politics/365163,CST-NWS-ops01.article |title=Mayor wants cop oversight unit out of department |publisher=Chicago Sun Times |accessdate=2007-05-01}}</ref>

On [[April 30]], [[2007]] a lawsuit was filed in [[United States district court|Federal Court]] against the city of [[Chicago]], Abbate, and several other individuals by attorneys representing Ms. Obrycka.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/04/30/national/main2745805.shtml |title=Woman Beaten On Video Sues Cop, Chicago |publisher=CBS Interactive Inc. |accessdate=2007-05-01}}</ref>

===Jerome Finnigan===

Jerome Finnigan, Keith Herrera, Carl Suchocki, and Thomas Sherry were indicted in September 2007 for [[robbery]], [[kidnapping]], [[home invasion]], and other charges. They were alleged to have robbed [[drug dealers]] and ordinary citizens of [[money]], [[drugs]], and [[guns]]. The officers were all part of [[Special Operations Sections]] or SOS. The officers had allegedly victimized citizens for years, however it was not until 2004 that allegations of misconduct were investigated. According to the [[State's Attorney]], the tip off was that the officers repeatedly missed court dates and allowed alleged drug dealers to go free. Several lawsuits alleging misconduct on behalf of Finnigan and his team have been filed in [[federal court]]. Since the original indictments, Jerome Finnigan has also been charged with attempting to have several fellow officers killed. Since the scandal involving Finnigan, SOS has since been disbanded.
[http://www.google.com/search?q=cache:ZZ_1G5wMStoJ:www.usdoj.gov/usao/iln/indict/2007/us_v_finnigan_complaint.pdf+%22jerome+finnigan%22&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=9&gl=us FBI Sworn Affidavit]

<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.google.com/search?q=cache:ZZ_1G5wMStoJ:www.usdoj.gov/usao/iln/indict/2007/us_v_finnigan_complaint.pdf+%22jerome+finnigan%22&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=9&gl=us |title=Murder for Hire |accessdate=2007-09}}</ref>

==Appearances in popular culture==

* In the movie, ''[[I, Robot]]'', Detective Spooner works for a future version of the Chicago Police Department.

* In the 1948 film ''[[Call Northside 777]]'', [[James Stewart (actor)|James Stewart]] played the role of a skeptical newspaper reporter, who initially didn't believe the story from a cleaning woman that her son, young Frank Wiechek was innocent in the case of murdering a Chicago policeman. The film is based on the true story of a 1932 crime.

*In [[Alfred Hitchcock]]'s 1959 ''[[North by Northwest]]'', the Chicago Police arrest the protagonist, Roger Thornhill, only to later have to release him.

* The 1957-1960 television series ''[[M Squad]]'' centered around a squad of Chicago Police detectives. The episode "The Jumper" featured an officer taking bribes. It was reportedly this depiction that prompted then-Mayor Richard J. Daley to thereafter discourage motion picture and television location filming in the city for the rest of his administration and its aftermath. [[John Landis]]' highly successful 1980 musical comedy motion picture ''[[The Blues Brothers (film)|The Blues Brothers]]'' (see more below), marked the reversal of that policy by Mayor [[Jane Byrne]].

*A notable exception to Daley's ban was made in for the 1975 [[John Wayne]] film, ''[[Brannigan (film)|Brannigan]]'', in which he portrays Chicago Police Lieutenant Jim Brannigan. Although the bulk of the motion picture was set and filmed in [[London]], the opening credit sequence and first few scenes were filmed on location in Chicago and showed Chicago Police vehicles, officers and facilities. This was despite the depictions of Brannigan's warrantless entry and illegally abusive interrogation techniques.

*The Chicago Police Department (as well as the [[Illinois State Police]]) are featured in the climactic car chase in 1980's ''The Blues Brothers'' in which a Chicago Police dispatcher matter-of-factly advises responding officers that, "The use of unnecessary violence in the apprehention of the Blues brothers has been approved." Reportedly in response to their portrayal in ''The Blues Brothers'', the Chicago Police Department banned the use of the "Chicago Police" name and insignia in films until the early 2000's, resulting in several films and television shows replacing "Chicago Police" with "Metro Police" and other faux names, even if the films received technical assistance from the department, such as ''[[The Fugitive (film)|The Fugitive]]'' and ''[[The Negotiator]]''.

*The television series ''[[Hill Street Blues]]'' (1981-1987) never explicitly stated the name of the city in which it was set, although many exterior views (lacking the principal actors) were filmed in the city and used for establishing and transition shots. The livery and markings of the police cars were nearly identical to Chicago's at the time, although they used the false "Metro Police" text on the doors and the United States flag on the quarter pannels vice "Chicago Police" and the Chicago flag, respectively. The cars were equipped with red bar lights, presumably to distinguish them from actual Chicago police cars that are equipped with blue lights. The exterior establishing shots of the precinct house, including the main title card's view of a police car exiting the building's garage, were filmed at the old [[7th District Police Station|Maxwell Street]] police station. ''See [[Hill Street Blues#|main article]] for expanded discussion on the setting.''

*A Chicago Police officer was a regular character on the 1984-1985 series, ''[[E/R]]''.

*Many of the same off-duty and retired Chicago Police officers (among other common Chicago-based actors) were cast as police officers in both 1985's ''[[Code of Silence (film)|Code of Silence]]'' starring [[Chuck Norris]] as detective Eddie Cusack, and 1988's ''[[Above the Law (film)|Above the Law]]'' starring [[Steven Seagal]] as detective Nico Toscani. Among those was Det. Joseph F. Kosala, who subsequently appeared as a Chicago police officer in ''[[The Fugitive (film)|The Fugitive]]'' (see below), as well as in ''[[Chain Reaction (film)|Chain Reaction]]'' and on an episode of ''[[Early Edition]]''.

*[[Gregory Hines]] and [[Billy Crystal]] portray Chicago Police detectives in the 1986 film ''[[Running Scared (film)|Running Scared]]''.

*[[James Belushi]] portrayed Det. Sgt. Art Ridzik, a CPD detective, in the 1988 film ''[[Red Heat]]''.

*[[John Candy]] and James Belushi portrayed Officers Danny Muldoon and Salvatore Buonarte, respectively, in the 1991 film ''[[Only the Lonely (film)|Only the Lonely]]''.

*The patriarch of the television series ''[[Family Matters (TV series)|Family Matters]]'' (1989-1998), portrayed by [[Reginald VelJohnson]], was a Chicago Police officer.

*In the 1991-1993 series, ''[[Reasonable Doubts]]'', [[Mark Harmon]] portrayed Chicago Police Det. Dicky Cobb, detailed to the office of the Cook County State's Attorney (referred to as "district attorney" in the series).

*The Police Department played a major role in 1993's ''[[The Fugitive (film)|The Fugitive]]''.

*The television series ''[[Due South]]'' (1994-1999) followed the adventure of [[Benton Fraser]], a member of [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]] who is partnered with [[Ray Vecchio]], a detective of the Chicago Police Department.

*In the 1998 film ''[[The Negotiator]]'', the Chicago Police played a major role within the film. The real Chicago Police Department provided technical support for the movie's SWAT teams. The actors' shoulder patches were similar to the Chicago Police Department's octagonal shoulder patches, albeit with "Chicago" replaced with "Metropolitan".

*The Chicago Police Department is used in ''[[The Watcher (film)|The Watcher]]'', a 2000 film about a police officer in Los Angeles who comes to Chicago to find a murderer who strangles young women with a piano cord. Several police pursuits were involved in the film between the Chicago Police Department and the character [[Keanu Reeves]] plays. The Chicago cop is portrayed by [[James Spader]].

*The Chicago Police Department is used in 2001's ''[[Angel Eyes (film)|Angel Eyes]]'' wherein a Chicago cop, played by [[Jennifer Lopez]], had struggles with someone whom she saved from a fire and her mother and father renewing their vows. Her partner was portrayed by [[Terrence Howard]].

*The Chicago Police Department was used in the 2002 film, ''[[John Q]]'', during the climatic hostage situation.

*In the 2006 ''[[South Park]]'' episode ''[[A Million Little Fibers]]'', an officer of the Chicago Police was gunned down by [[Oprah Winfrey]]'s [[vagina]]. This appearance was notable only because the uniform of the police officers and the livery of the police cars were fairly accurate to those of the department.

*CPD officers and vehicles were represented in ''[[The Things About Heroes (CSI: NY episode)|The Things About Heroes]]'', an episode of [[CSI: NY]] which originally aired on November 28, 2007.

*Chicago police officers are routinely depicted on the television series, ''[[ER (TV series)|ER]]''.

== Notable former officers ==
*[[Don Cornelius]], creator, producer, and former host of [[Soul Train]]
*[[Dennis Farina]], actor
*[[Allan Pinkerton]], first detective in department history; founder of both the [[Pinkerton Detective Agency]] and the Union Intelligence Service (predecessor of the [[United States Secret Service]])
*[[Steve Wilkos]], talk show host and head of the [[Jerry Springer Show]] security team

== Miscellaneous ==

*[[Saint Jude]] is the patron saint of the Chicago Police Department.

*Chicago police wear hats with chequered bands, popularly known as the '[[City of Glasgow Police#Sillitoe Tartan|Sillitoe Tartan]]' and named after its originator, [[Percy Sillitoe|Percy J. Sillitoe]], Chief Constable of [[Glasgow]], Scotland in the 1930s. While the checkered band is a common police symbol in the [[United Kingdom]], other European countries, and [[Australia]], the only police forces in the [[United States]] to have adopted it as part of their police officer uniforms are believed to be the Chicago Police, Cook County Sheriff's Police, and the [[Pittsburgh Police]]. The three American departments' chequered band have two rows of larger squares, whereas those in other countries have three rows of smaller squares.

*In the late 1960s, the Department chose to convert its [[telephone]] system over from an [[Illinois Bell]]-owned [[centrex]] system as well as other private lines, to its own [[Private branch exchange|PBX]] system. As a result of the change, it was necessary for the department to change their phone number in order to consolidate all of their phone lines into one prefix. It was never identified exactly who did so, but the new prefix assigned to the Department in then area code 312 was 744. The main switchboard's new terminating number became 744-1000. It was well known as a result of this, that the main number for the Chicago Police was "312-PIG-1000." It should be noted, however, that the 744 prefix is used by departments throughout the City government, along with the less common 742 prefix.

== See also ==
{{portal|Chicago|Municipal Flag of Chicago.svg}}
{{Portal|Illinois|Flag of Illinois.svg}}
{{Portal|Law enforcement/Law enforcement topics|Nuvola apps agent.svg}}
* [[List of law enforcement agencies in Illinois]]
{{-}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.cityofchicago.org/police Chicago Police Department]
* [http://www.pdcpd.org Pipes and Drums of the Chicago Police Department]
* [http://egov.cityofchicago.org/ City of Chicago]
* [http://216.146.77.178/BA2005/Recommendations/DEPARTMENT_OF_POLICE.pdf Mayor's Budget Recommendations 2005]
* [http://www.chicagofop.org/ Fraternal Order of Police Chicago Lodge #7 Web Site]
* [http://www.chicagofop.org/Contract/Contract_03-07.pdf FOP Contract]
* [http://gis.chicagopolice.org/ CLEAR Map, Official CPD GIS Web Mapping]
* [http://www.chicagocrime.org/ Reported crime with Google Mapping - not affiliated with the CPD]
* [http://chicagofreespeechzone.blogspot.com/ Chicago FreeSpeechZone] Independent project documents alleged civil liberties violations targeting anti-war activists
* [http://www.chipublib.org/004chicago/timeline/policedept.html Chicago Library's Brief History of CPD]
* [http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/983.html Police Entry in Encyclopedia of Chicago]
* [http://chgopdfan.tripod.com/index.html Chicago Police Patches, A History]
* [[Leonard Baldy|Flying Officer Leonard Baldy]]
* [http://www.odmp.org/agency/657-chicago-police-department-illinois The Officer Down Memorial Page]
* [http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/pub/pdf/lemas00.pdf Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics, 2000: Data for Individual State and Local Agencies with 100 or More Officers]

{{Chicago}}

[[Category:Chicago Police Department| ]]

[[fr:Chicago Police Department]]
[[ja:シカゴ市警察]]
[[simple:Chicago Police Department]]
[[sv:Chicago Police Department]]

Kill (County Kildare)

2008-01-25T14:25:17Z

212.129.64.244: /* Politics */

{{Infobox Irish Place|
|name = Kill
|gaeilge = An Chill
|crest image =
|motto =
|map image = Ireland map County Kildare Magnified.png
|pin coords = left: 72px; top: 45px
|north coord = 53.3 | west coord = 6.5 | irish grid =
|area = | elevation = 61 m
|province = [[Leinster]]
|county = [[County Kildare]]
|population = | town pop = 2,510 | rural pop =
|census yr = 2006
|web =
|}}
'''Kill''' is a village and parish in [[County Kildare]], [[Ireland]] near the county's border with [[Dublin]] beside the [[N7 road|N7]]. The name is derived from the [[Irish language|Gaelic]] "An Chill" meaning "The Church", the same root for ''Kil'' in Kildare. its population of 2,510 (2006 Census<ref>[http://www.cso.ie/census/census2006results/volume_2/census_2006_volume_1_pop_classified_by_area.pdf - Table 5 – Population of Towns ordered by county and size]</ref>) makes it the 13th largest town in County Kildare.
As well as being the birthpace of Ireland's largest multi-national corporation and of the Fenian John Devoy, regarded as the grandfather of the modern Irish state, Kill was home to two holders of the most senior ministry in the Irish government, the most powerful family in the 18th century Irish House of Commons and the birthplace of a leader of the opposition in the English House of Commons.

Kill Village has been a regular winner of the National Tidy Towns competition, and it won the European [[Entente Florale]] horticultural competition in 1986.

==Churches==
The village has two churches St. Brigid's Catholic Church (1821) and St John's [[Church of Ireland]] (Formerly a Catholic Church dating from ca. the 1650s, which was rebuilt and restored in the early 19th Century) distinguished by an organ donated by the Bourke family, Earls of Mayo. The chapel bell in Kill was said to have been the first in Ireland to ring in celebration of Catholic Emancipation in 1829.

==History==
Excavations for the widening of the N7 in 2004 unearthed evidence of early habitation, including a late [[Bronze Age]]/early [[Iron Age]] [[hill fort]] and three small ring barrows. Kill (Cill Corbáin) was the burial place of the nine Ui Faeláin kings (later to become the O’Byrnes) who were based at [[Naas]] (Nás na Ríogh) the last of whom, [[Cerball mac Muirecáin]], was buried in Kill in 909. The motte of John de Hereford's castle from the 1170s survives. Kill Parish was united with Lyons in 1693 and the parish priest has resided in Kill since 1823. St Brigid's Well in Hartstown was a place of pilgrimage until the 19th century and a sally tree covered with votive rags was recorded here in the 1890s. The current Catholic church (1821) was built in 1821 and extended in 1973. Whiteboys were active in Kill parish in 1775. Kill Hill was the name used for the town in 18th century maps, which mark a commons which was enclosed by act of parliament in 1811. During the Irish War of Independence two RIC men were shot dead at Greenhills on August 21 1920, Broughal’s pub was attacked by British forces, and the vacated RIC barracks was attacked and burned. Kill was a staging post on the old toll road to Kilcullen, the first turnpike to be built (1729). The Old House, a turnpike inn, was originally built in 1794 and then rebuilt in 1943. It was here that horses were changed on the three hour mail coach journey from Dublin to Kilcullen. After the village was by-passed in 1960 the local service station in Beaufort, owned by the Goosen family was famous for its "open 24 1/2 hours daily" sign.

==Economic Life==
The gravel pits at Hartwell, Arthurstown, Thornberry and Brookstown were first quarried in 1945 when [[Tom Roche]] set up the Gravelsand Company, later to become Roadstone, and in turn [[CRH plc|CRH Holdings]], Ireland's largest multinational corporation with a turnover of Eu15bn (2006). The local quarries and birthplace of the corporation were major employers until they closed in 1982.

==Politics==
Kill provided a speaker of the 18th century Irish House of Commons, a leader of the opposition in the British House of Commons, a founder of the Fenian movement, and two Ministers of Finance for the Independent Irish state. [[Fenian]] leader John Devoy was born near Kill on September 3rd 1842. [[Bishopscourt]] was home to [[John Ponsonby (politician)|John Ponsonby]], speaker of the [[Irish House of Commons]] (1753-1761) and [[William_Ponsonby%2C_1st_Baron_Ponsonby|William Ponsonby]], leader of the Irish Whigs (1789-1803) and birthplace of his brother [[George Ponsonby]] (1755–1817) leader of the [[British Whig Party|Whig]] Party in the [[British House of Commons]] at Westminster ([[(en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List of United Kingdom Whig and allied Party Leaders 1801-1859|1808 –1817]]), his uncle Major-General Sir [[William Ponsonby]] (1772–1815) whose inept charge at the [[Battle of Waterloo]] resulted in his death at the hands of the Polish Landers and was studied as an example of failed battle strategy for generations afterwards, and of his sister Mary Ponsonby, wife of [[Charles Grey]], [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|British Prime Minister]] from 1830 to 1834 and best known nowadays as the Earl Grey of the tea brand. Ponsonby descendants include [[Alec Douglas-Home|Sir Alec Douglas-Home]] ([[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|British Prime Minister]] from 1963-4) and [[Prince William of Wales]]. Two Irish Minister for Finance had local connections: [[Gerard Sweetman]] (Minister for Finance 1954-57) lived in Killeen House and [[Charlie McCreevy]], Irish Minister for Finance (1997-2004) and EU Commissioner for Internal Trade (2004-), attended the primary school in Kill. [[George Wolfe]] from Forenaughts was a member Dáil Éireann 1923-32. [[Patrick Malone]], [[Fine Gael]] TD for Kildare (1970-77) lived in Brookstown House a mile outside the village. Kill born [[Patsy Lawlor]] nee Broughal, a senator 1982-83 was famously beaten by [[Alan Dukes]] in the 1981 Dáil election by a margin of 60 vIIUIO

==Music==
The village is the birthplace of the world renowned player [[Liam O'Flynn]] and [[Heidi Talbot]], a renowned solo artist and the voice of Irish-American group [[Cherish the Ladies]].

==Sport==
*[[Ted Walsh]], trainer of the [[Grand National]] winning horses [[Papillion]] and [[Commanche Court]] has his stables on the outskirts of Kill. He is well known as a racing pundit on RTÉ. His son [[Ruby Walsh]] rode both horses and was Irish National Hunt champion in [[2007]]. Jockey [[Brendan Sheridan]] attended Kill National School. Horse breeder [[Edward "Cub' Kennedy]] ran what was regarded as the most successful Irish stud farm in the [[1920s]] at [[Bishopscourt]]. Show jumper [[Iris Kellett]] won the Queen Elizabeth cup of [[1949]] and the Ladies European championship in [[1969]]. Kill is home to [[Goffs]] Horse Sales Centre. An annual gymkhana organised by Betty Fahy was a highlight of village life in the 1960s.
*Kill was the location of the [[Irish Masters]] in [[snooker]] 1979-2000.
*[[Kill GAA]] reached the semi-finals of the Kildare SF championships in [[1962]]. [[Kieran O'Malley]], a member of the [[Kildare GAA|Kildare]] team that contested the [[1958]] National Football League final, was considered one of the best players in the history of [[Gaelic football]] until his career was cut short by injury. A field now over run by the [[N7]] staged the 1939 Leinster camogie final.
*Motor cyclist [[Ernie Lyons]] won the Senior Manx Grand Prix in [[1946]].

==Social Activities and Clubs==
Branches of Muintir na Tíre (1954) and Macra na Feirme (1955) were established in the village. There is an active branch of the Irish Countrywomen's Association (most famous chairperson was [[Patsy Lawlor]] nee Broughal, (ICA president 1976-79). The historical society run by [[Brian McCabe]] discusses topics of local interest.

==Catholic Parish Priests of Kill==
The Parish Priest resided in nearby [[Lyons Hill|Lyons]] until the start of the 19th century when the residence moved to Painestown and eventually Kill (1823). Parish priests include: c1705 Gilbert Cullen, c1731 John Doyle, c1740 John Ardoe, 1804 Daniel Nowlan, 1823 Tom Nowlan, (1825? William Keenan), 1840 John Murphy, 1842 Martin Nolan, 1849 James Hayden, 1865 Charles Bannen, 1877 George Gowing. (Administrators), 1901 Henry Dunne, 1903 Daniel O’Rourke, 1907 Edward Kinsella, 1911 John Donovan, (Parish Priests) 1919 John Donovan, 1929 Patrick Campion, 1930 James O’Brien, 1943 Edmund Campion, 1953 Thomas Hughes, 1955 Gerard Synnott, 1957 William Mattews, 1968 John MacDonald, 1976 Paul Maher, 1997 Willie O’Byrne,

==Other Kill people==
The disgraced [[Percy Jocelyn]], [[Bishop of Clogher]], was once stationed in Kill and lived in the Glebe House there c. 1815. He was succeeded by John Warburton, son of [[Charles Warburton]], [[bishop of Limerick]] from 1806 to 1820.

==Kill Horses==
Long before [[Grand National]] winning horses [[Papillion]] and [[Commanche Court]] were trained in Kill by [[Ted Walsh]], [[The Tetrarch]] was regarded as probably the finest two year old in Irish racing history in 1911. Regarded as unmanageable, he never raced as a three year old and became famous as a stud champion instead. [[Captain Christy]] (winner [[Cheltenham Gold Cup]], 1974), and [[Kicking King]] (winner [[Cheltenham Gold Cup]], 2005) were trained in Alasty by father and son [[Pat Taaffe]] and [[Tom Taaffe]] respectively. As a jockey [[Pat Taaffe]] (1930-92) rode two winners of the English [[Grand National]] [[Quare Times]] in 1955 and [[Gay Trip]] in 1970 and was Irish National Hunt champion six times. [[Star Appeal]] (winner of the Prix de L’Arc de Triomphe, 1975) was bred in Baronrath. Show jumping champion [[Cruising]], bred in Hartwell, won five Grand Prix events under the saddle of [[Trevor Coyle]], and was second in the World Cup final at Gothenburg in 1999.

==See also==
* [[Kildare]]
* [[List of towns in the Republic of Ireland]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.kildare.ie/touristguide/towns/kill.asp Information about Kill]

==References:==
*Tony Carr: Time to Kill: Memories of Kill Village (2004)
*[[Eoghan Corry]] and Jim Tancred: The Annals of [[Ardclough]] (2004).
*James Dorney: On the One Road (2002)
*Journal of the Kildare Archaeological Society, Volume I : pp17, 36, 298. Volume II : pp181-185. Volume III : pp456. Volume VI : 93, 474. Volume XII : pp340, 432.

[[Category:Towns and villages in County Kildare]]

[[fr:Kill (Kildare)]]

Kill (County Kildare)

2008-01-25T14:25:13Z

212.129.64.244: /* Economic Life */

{{Infobox Irish Place|
|name = Kill
|gaeilge = An Chill
|crest image =
|motto =
|map image = Ireland map County Kildare Magnified.png
|pin coords = left: 72px; top: 45px
|north coord = 53.3 | west coord = 6.5 | irish grid =
|area = | elevation = 61 m
|province = [[Leinster]]
|county = [[County Kildare]]
|population = | town pop = 2,510 | rural pop =
|census yr = 2006
|web =
|}}
'''Kill''' is a village and parish in [[County Kildare]], [[Ireland]] near the county's border with [[Dublin]] beside the [[N7 road|N7]]. The name is derived from the [[Irish language|Gaelic]] "An Chill" meaning "The Church", the same root for ''Kil'' in Kildare. its population of 2,510 (2006 Census<ref>[http://www.cso.ie/census/census2006results/volume_2/census_2006_volume_1_pop_classified_by_area.pdf - Table 5 – Population of Towns ordered by county and size]</ref>) makes it the 13th largest town in County Kildare.
As well as being the birthpace of Ireland's largest multi-national corporation and of the Fenian John Devoy, regarded as the grandfather of the modern Irish state, Kill was home to two holders of the most senior ministry in the Irish government, the most powerful family in the 18th century Irish House of Commons and the birthplace of a leader of the opposition in the English House of Commons.

Kill Village has been a regular winner of the National Tidy Towns competition, and it won the European [[Entente Florale]] horticultural competition in 1986.

==Churches==
The village has two churches St. Brigid's Catholic Church (1821) and St John's [[Church of Ireland]] (Formerly a Catholic Church dating from ca. the 1650s, which was rebuilt and restored in the early 19th Century) distinguished by an organ donated by the Bourke family, Earls of Mayo. The chapel bell in Kill was said to have been the first in Ireland to ring in celebration of Catholic Emancipation in 1829.

==History==
Excavations for the widening of the N7 in 2004 unearthed evidence of early habitation, including a late [[Bronze Age]]/early [[Iron Age]] [[hill fort]] and three small ring barrows. Kill (Cill Corbáin) was the burial place of the nine Ui Faeláin kings (later to become the O’Byrnes) who were based at [[Naas]] (Nás na Ríogh) the last of whom, [[Cerball mac Muirecáin]], was buried in Kill in 909. The motte of John de Hereford's castle from the 1170s survives. Kill Parish was united with Lyons in 1693 and the parish priest has resided in Kill since 1823. St Brigid's Well in Hartstown was a place of pilgrimage until the 19th century and a sally tree covered with votive rags was recorded here in the 1890s. The current Catholic church (1821) was built in 1821 and extended in 1973. Whiteboys were active in Kill parish in 1775. Kill Hill was the name used for the town in 18th century maps, which mark a commons which was enclosed by act of parliament in 1811. During the Irish War of Independence two RIC men were shot dead at Greenhills on August 21 1920, Broughal’s pub was attacked by British forces, and the vacated RIC barracks was attacked and burned. Kill was a staging post on the old toll road to Kilcullen, the first turnpike to be built (1729). The Old House, a turnpike inn, was originally built in 1794 and then rebuilt in 1943. It was here that horses were changed on the three hour mail coach journey from Dublin to Kilcullen. After the village was by-passed in 1960 the local service station in Beaufort, owned by the Goosen family was famous for its "open 24 1/2 hours daily" sign.

==Economic Life==
The gravel pits at Hartwell, Arthurstown, Thornberry and Brookstown were first quarried in 1945 when [[Tom Roche]] set up the Gravelsand Company, later to become Roadstone, and in turn [[CRH plc|CRH Holdings]], Ireland's largest multinational corporation with a turnover of Eu15bn (2006). The local quarries and birthplace of the corporation were major employers until they closed in 1982.

==Politics==
Kill provided a speaker of the 18th century Irish House of Commons, a leader of the opposition in the British House of Commons, a founder of the Fenian movement, and two Ministers of Finance for the Independent Irish state. [[Fenian]] leader John Devoy was born near Kill on September 3rd 1842. [[Bishopscourt]] was home to [[John Ponsonby (politician)|John Ponsonby]], speaker of the [[Irish House of Commons]] (1753-1761) and [[William_Ponsonby%2C_1st_Baron_Ponsonby|William Ponsonby]], leader of the Irish Whigs (1789-1803) and birthplace of his brother [[George Ponsonby]] (1755–1817) leader of the [[British Whig Party|Whig]] Party in the [[British House of Commons]] at Westminster ([[(en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List of United Kingdom Whig and allied Party Leaders 1801-1859|1808 –1817]]), his uncle Major-General Sir [[William Ponsonby]] (1772–1815) whose inept charge at the [[Battle of Waterloo]] resulted in his death at the hands of the Polish Landers and was studied as an example of failed battle strategy for generations afterwards, and of his sister Mary Ponsonby, wife of [[Charles Grey]], [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|British Prime Minister]] from 1830 to 1834 and best known nowadays as the Earl Grey of the tea brand. Ponsonby descendants include [[Alec Douglas-Home|Sir Alec Douglas-Home]] ([[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|British Prime Minister]] from 1963-4) and [[Prince William of Wales]]. Two Irish Minister for Finance had local connections: [[Gerard Sweetman]] (Minister for Finance 1954-57) lived in Killeen House and [[Charlie McCreevy]], Irish Minister for Finance (1997-2004) and EU Commissioner for Internal Trade (2004-), attended the primary school in Kill. [[George Wolfe]] from Forenaughts was a member Dáil Éireann 1923-32. [[Patrick Malone]], [[Fine Gael]] TD for Kildare (1970-77) lived in Brookstown House a mile outside the village. Kill born [[Patsy Lawlor]] nee Broughal, a senator 1982-83 was famously beaten by [[Alan Dukes]] in the 1981 Dáil election by a margin of 60 votes.

==Music==
The village is the birthplace of the world renowned player [[Liam O'Flynn]] and [[Heidi Talbot]], a renowned solo artist and the voice of Irish-American group [[Cherish the Ladies]].

==Sport==
*[[Ted Walsh]], trainer of the [[Grand National]] winning horses [[Papillion]] and [[Commanche Court]] has his stables on the outskirts of Kill. He is well known as a racing pundit on RTÉ. His son [[Ruby Walsh]] rode both horses and was Irish National Hunt champion in [[2007]]. Jockey [[Brendan Sheridan]] attended Kill National School. Horse breeder [[Edward "Cub' Kennedy]] ran what was regarded as the most successful Irish stud farm in the [[1920s]] at [[Bishopscourt]]. Show jumper [[Iris Kellett]] won the Queen Elizabeth cup of [[1949]] and the Ladies European championship in [[1969]]. Kill is home to [[Goffs]] Horse Sales Centre. An annual gymkhana organised by Betty Fahy was a highlight of village life in the 1960s.
*Kill was the location of the [[Irish Masters]] in [[snooker]] 1979-2000.
*[[Kill GAA]] reached the semi-finals of the Kildare SF championships in [[1962]]. [[Kieran O'Malley]], a member of the [[Kildare GAA|Kildare]] team that contested the [[1958]] National Football League final, was considered one of the best players in the history of [[Gaelic football]] until his career was cut short by injury. A field now over run by the [[N7]] staged the 1939 Leinster camogie final.
*Motor cyclist [[Ernie Lyons]] won the Senior Manx Grand Prix in [[1946]].

==Social Activities and Clubs==
Branches of Muintir na Tíre (1954) and Macra na Feirme (1955) were established in the village. There is an active branch of the Irish Countrywomen's Association (most famous chairperson was [[Patsy Lawlor]] nee Broughal, (ICA president 1976-79). The historical society run by [[Brian McCabe]] discusses topics of local interest.

==Catholic Parish Priests of Kill==
The Parish Priest resided in nearby [[Lyons Hill|Lyons]] until the start of the 19th century when the residence moved to Painestown and eventually Kill (1823). Parish priests include: c1705 Gilbert Cullen, c1731 John Doyle, c1740 John Ardoe, 1804 Daniel Nowlan, 1823 Tom Nowlan, (1825? William Keenan), 1840 John Murphy, 1842 Martin Nolan, 1849 James Hayden, 1865 Charles Bannen, 1877 George Gowing. (Administrators), 1901 Henry Dunne, 1903 Daniel O’Rourke, 1907 Edward Kinsella, 1911 John Donovan, (Parish Priests) 1919 John Donovan, 1929 Patrick Campion, 1930 James O’Brien, 1943 Edmund Campion, 1953 Thomas Hughes, 1955 Gerard Synnott, 1957 William Mattews, 1968 John MacDonald, 1976 Paul Maher, 1997 Willie O’Byrne,

==Other Kill people==
The disgraced [[Percy Jocelyn]], [[Bishop of Clogher]], was once stationed in Kill and lived in the Glebe House there c. 1815. He was succeeded by John Warburton, son of [[Charles Warburton]], [[bishop of Limerick]] from 1806 to 1820.

==Kill Horses==
Long before [[Grand National]] winning horses [[Papillion]] and [[Commanche Court]] were trained in Kill by [[Ted Walsh]], [[The Tetrarch]] was regarded as probably the finest two year old in Irish racing history in 1911. Regarded as unmanageable, he never raced as a three year old and became famous as a stud champion instead. [[Captain Christy]] (winner [[Cheltenham Gold Cup]], 1974), and [[Kicking King]] (winner [[Cheltenham Gold Cup]], 2005) were trained in Alasty by father and son [[Pat Taaffe]] and [[Tom Taaffe]] respectively. As a jockey [[Pat Taaffe]] (1930-92) rode two winners of the English [[Grand National]] [[Quare Times]] in 1955 and [[Gay Trip]] in 1970 and was Irish National Hunt champion six times. [[Star Appeal]] (winner of the Prix de L’Arc de Triomphe, 1975) was bred in Baronrath. Show jumping champion [[Cruising]], bred in Hartwell, won five Grand Prix events under the saddle of [[Trevor Coyle]], and was second in the World Cup final at Gothenburg in 1999.

==See also==
* [[Kildare]]
* [[List of towns in the Republic of Ireland]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.kildare.ie/touristguide/towns/kill.asp Information about Kill]

==References:==
*Tony Carr: Time to Kill: Memories of Kill Village (2004)
*[[Eoghan Corry]] and Jim Tancred: The Annals of [[Ardclough]] (2004).
*James Dorney: On the One Road (2002)
*Journal of the Kildare Archaeological Society, Volume I : pp17, 36, 298. Volume II : pp181-185. Volume III : pp456. Volume VI : 93, 474. Volume XII : pp340, 432.

[[Category:Towns and villages in County Kildare]]

[[fr:Kill (Kildare)]]

Kill (County Kildare)

2008-01-25T14:21:55Z

212.129.64.244: /* Economic Life */

{{Infobox Irish Place|
|name = Kill
|gaeilge = An Chill
|crest image =
|motto =
|map image = Ireland map County Kildare Magnified.png
|pin coords = left: 72px; top: 45px
|north coord = 53.3 | west coord = 6.5 | irish grid =
|area = | elevation = 61 m
|province = [[Leinster]]
|county = [[County Kildare]]
|population = | town pop = 2,510 | rural pop =
|census yr = 2006
|web =
|}}
'''Kill''' is a village and parish in [[County Kildare]], [[Ireland]] near the county's border with [[Dublin]] beside the [[N7 road|N7]]. The name is derived from the [[Irish language|Gaelic]] "An Chill" meaning "The Church", the same root for ''Kil'' in Kildare. its population of 2,510 (2006 Census<ref>[http://www.cso.ie/census/census2006results/volume_2/census_2006_volume_1_pop_classified_by_area.pdf - Table 5 – Population of Towns ordered by county and size]</ref>) makes it the 13th largest town in County Kildare.
As well as being the birthpace of Ireland's largest multi-national corporation and of the Fenian John Devoy, regarded as the grandfather of the modern Irish state, Kill was home to two holders of the most senior ministry in the Irish government, the most powerful family in the 18th century Irish House of Commons and the birthplace of a leader of the opposition in the English House of Commons.

Kill Village has been a regular winner of the National Tidy Towns competition, and it won the European [[Entente Florale]] horticultural competition in 1986.

==Churches==
The village has two churches St. Brigid's Catholic Church (1821) and St John's [[Church of Ireland]] (Formerly a Catholic Church dating from ca. the 1650s, which was rebuilt and restored in the early 19th Century) distinguished by an organ donated by the Bourke family, Earls of Mayo. The chapel bell in Kill was said to have been the first in Ireland to ring in celebration of Catholic Emancipation in 1829.

==History==
Excavations for the widening of the N7 in 2004 unearthed evidence of early habitation, including a late [[Bronze Age]]/early [[Iron Age]] [[hill fort]] and three small ring barrows. Kill (Cill Corbáin) was the burial place of the nine Ui Faeláin kings (later to become the O’Byrnes) who were based at [[Naas]] (Nás na Ríogh) the last of whom, [[Cerball mac Muirecáin]], was buried in Kill in 909. The motte of John de Hereford's castle from the 1170s survives. Kill Parish was united with Lyons in 1693 and the parish priest has resided in Kill since 1823. St Brigid's Well in Hartstown was a place of pilgrimage until the 19th century and a sally tree covered with votive rags was recorded here in the 1890s. The current Catholic church (1821) was built in 1821 and extended in 1973. Whiteboys were active in Kill parish in 1775. Kill Hill was the name used for the town in 18th century maps, which mark a commons which was enclosed by act of parliament in 1811. During the Irish War of Independence two RIC men were shot dead at Greenhills on August 21 1920, Broughal’s pub was attacked by British forces, and the vacated RIC barracks was attacked and burned. Kill was a staging post on the old toll road to Kilcullen, the first turnpike to be built (1729). The Old House, a turnpike inn, was originally built in 1794 and then rebuilt in 1943. It was here that horses were changed on the three hour mail coach journey from Dublin to Kilcullen. After the village was by-passed in 1960 the local service station in Beaufort, owned by the Goosen family was famous for its "open 24 1/2 hours daily" sign.

==Economic Life==
The gravel pits at Hartwell, Arthurstown, Thornberry and Brookstown were first quarried in 1945 when [[Tom Roche]] set up the Gravelsand Company, later to become Roadstone, and in turn [[CRH plc|CRH Holdings]], Ireland's largest multinational corporation with a turnover of Eu15bn (2006). The local quarries and birthplace of the corporation were major employers until they closed in 1982.

Kill is home to the single biggest number of traveller settlements in the Irish Republic. House prices have fallen dramitically recently.

==Politics==
Kill provided a speaker of the 18th century Irish House of Commons, a leader of the opposition in the British House of Commons, a founder of the Fenian movement, and two Ministers of Finance for the Independent Irish state. [[Fenian]] leader John Devoy was born near Kill on September 3rd 1842. [[Bishopscourt]] was home to [[John Ponsonby (politician)|John Ponsonby]], speaker of the [[Irish House of Commons]] (1753-1761) and [[William_Ponsonby%2C_1st_Baron_Ponsonby|William Ponsonby]], leader of the Irish Whigs (1789-1803) and birthplace of his brother [[George Ponsonby]] (1755–1817) leader of the [[British Whig Party|Whig]] Party in the [[British House of Commons]] at Westminster ([[(en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List of United Kingdom Whig and allied Party Leaders 1801-1859|1808 –1817]]), his uncle Major-General Sir [[William Ponsonby]] (1772–1815) whose inept charge at the [[Battle of Waterloo]] resulted in his death at the hands of the Polish Landers and was studied as an example of failed battle strategy for generations afterwards, and of his sister Mary Ponsonby, wife of [[Charles Grey]], [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|British Prime Minister]] from 1830 to 1834 and best known nowadays as the Earl Grey of the tea brand. Ponsonby descendants include [[Alec Douglas-Home|Sir Alec Douglas-Home]] ([[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|British Prime Minister]] from 1963-4) and [[Prince William of Wales]]. Two Irish Minister for Finance had local connections: [[Gerard Sweetman]] (Minister for Finance 1954-57) lived in Killeen House and [[Charlie McCreevy]], Irish Minister for Finance (1997-2004) and EU Commissioner for Internal Trade (2004-), attended the primary school in Kill. [[George Wolfe]] from Forenaughts was a member Dáil Éireann 1923-32. [[Patrick Malone]], [[Fine Gael]] TD for Kildare (1970-77) lived in Brookstown House a mile outside the village. Kill born [[Patsy Lawlor]] nee Broughal, a senator 1982-83 was famously beaten by [[Alan Dukes]] in the 1981 Dáil election by a margin of 60 votes.

==Music==
The village is the birthplace of the world renowned player [[Liam O'Flynn]] and [[Heidi Talbot]], a renowned solo artist and the voice of Irish-American group [[Cherish the Ladies]].

==Sport==
*[[Ted Walsh]], trainer of the [[Grand National]] winning horses [[Papillion]] and [[Commanche Court]] has his stables on the outskirts of Kill. He is well known as a racing pundit on RTÉ. His son [[Ruby Walsh]] rode both horses and was Irish National Hunt champion in [[2007]]. Jockey [[Brendan Sheridan]] attended Kill National School. Horse breeder [[Edward "Cub' Kennedy]] ran what was regarded as the most successful Irish stud farm in the [[1920s]] at [[Bishopscourt]]. Show jumper [[Iris Kellett]] won the Queen Elizabeth cup of [[1949]] and the Ladies European championship in [[1969]]. Kill is home to [[Goffs]] Horse Sales Centre. An annual gymkhana organised by Betty Fahy was a highlight of village life in the 1960s.
*Kill was the location of the [[Irish Masters]] in [[snooker]] 1979-2000.
*[[Kill GAA]] reached the semi-finals of the Kildare SF championships in [[1962]]. [[Kieran O'Malley]], a member of the [[Kildare GAA|Kildare]] team that contested the [[1958]] National Football League final, was considered one of the best players in the history of [[Gaelic football]] until his career was cut short by injury. A field now over run by the [[N7]] staged the 1939 Leinster camogie final.
*Motor cyclist [[Ernie Lyons]] won the Senior Manx Grand Prix in [[1946]].

==Social Activities and Clubs==
Branches of Muintir na Tíre (1954) and Macra na Feirme (1955) were established in the village. There is an active branch of the Irish Countrywomen's Association (most famous chairperson was [[Patsy Lawlor]] nee Broughal, (ICA president 1976-79). The historical society run by [[Brian McCabe]] discusses topics of local interest.

==Catholic Parish Priests of Kill==
The Parish Priest resided in nearby [[Lyons Hill|Lyons]] until the start of the 19th century when the residence moved to Painestown and eventually Kill (1823). Parish priests include: c1705 Gilbert Cullen, c1731 John Doyle, c1740 John Ardoe, 1804 Daniel Nowlan, 1823 Tom Nowlan, (1825? William Keenan), 1840 John Murphy, 1842 Martin Nolan, 1849 James Hayden, 1865 Charles Bannen, 1877 George Gowing. (Administrators), 1901 Henry Dunne, 1903 Daniel O’Rourke, 1907 Edward Kinsella, 1911 John Donovan, (Parish Priests) 1919 John Donovan, 1929 Patrick Campion, 1930 James O’Brien, 1943 Edmund Campion, 1953 Thomas Hughes, 1955 Gerard Synnott, 1957 William Mattews, 1968 John MacDonald, 1976 Paul Maher, 1997 Willie O’Byrne,

==Other Kill people==
The disgraced [[Percy Jocelyn]], [[Bishop of Clogher]], was once stationed in Kill and lived in the Glebe House there c. 1815. He was succeeded by John Warburton, son of [[Charles Warburton]], [[bishop of Limerick]] from 1806 to 1820.

==Kill Horses==
Long before [[Grand National]] winning horses [[Papillion]] and [[Commanche Court]] were trained in Kill by [[Ted Walsh]], [[The Tetrarch]] was regarded as probably the finest two year old in Irish racing history in 1911. Regarded as unmanageable, he never raced as a three year old and became famous as a stud champion instead. [[Captain Christy]] (winner [[Cheltenham Gold Cup]], 1974), and [[Kicking King]] (winner [[Cheltenham Gold Cup]], 2005) were trained in Alasty by father and son [[Pat Taaffe]] and [[Tom Taaffe]] respectively. As a jockey [[Pat Taaffe]] (1930-92) rode two winners of the English [[Grand National]] [[Quare Times]] in 1955 and [[Gay Trip]] in 1970 and was Irish National Hunt champion six times. [[Star Appeal]] (winner of the Prix de L’Arc de Triomphe, 1975) was bred in Baronrath. Show jumping champion [[Cruising]], bred in Hartwell, won five Grand Prix events under the saddle of [[Trevor Coyle]], and was second in the World Cup final at Gothenburg in 1999.

==See also==
* [[Kildare]]
* [[List of towns in the Republic of Ireland]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.kildare.ie/touristguide/towns/kill.asp Information about Kill]

==References:==
*Tony Carr: Time to Kill: Memories of Kill Village (2004)
*[[Eoghan Corry]] and Jim Tancred: The Annals of [[Ardclough]] (2004).
*James Dorney: On the One Road (2002)
*Journal of the Kildare Archaeological Society, Volume I : pp17, 36, 298. Volume II : pp181-185. Volume III : pp456. Volume VI : 93, 474. Volume XII : pp340, 432.

[[Category:Towns and villages in County Kildare]]

[[fr:Kill (Kildare)]]