Wikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de]

Benutzer:16@r

2010-03-11T01:11:39Z

16@r:

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{| width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
| colspan="2" |
|-
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<div id="hauptseite-artikel" class="hauptseite-links">
== Artikel des Tages ==
<div class="inhalt">
{{Wikipedia:Hauptseite/Artikel des Tages/{{LOCALDAYNAME}}}}
{{Wikipedia:Hauptseite/Artikel des Tages/Links}}
</div>
</div>

|}

Benutzer Diskussion:Flominator/WikiBlame

2008-10-15T16:31:58Z

16@r: Neuer Abschnitt /* Case sensitivity */

Diskussionsbeiträge bitte [http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benutzer_Diskussion:Flominator/WikiBlame&action=edit&section=new unten] anfügen

==Todo-Liste==
Diese Features werden in nächster Zeit angedacht:

{| class="prettytable" |
!Stichwort
!Beschreibung
!Status
|-
|Interpolierte Suche
|Suchmöglichkeit ähnlich der [[Binäre Suche|binären Suche]]
|{{ok}} seit 2. November 2006
|-
|Invertierte Suche
|Durchsuchen "von unten her"
|{{ok}} seit 1. November 2006
|-
|Reine Textsuche
|Suchen von Text aus der Artikelsicht, d.h. ohne Wikitags
|{{ok}} seit 1. November 2006
|-
|Offset bequemer
|Die Eingabe des Offsets benutzerfreundlicher machen, z.B. über Auswahllisten
|{{ok}} seit 1. November 2006
|-
|Projektauswahl
|Die Auswahl der Projekte über Dropdownmenüs, die möglichst zentral und dynamisch bereitgestellt werden sollten.
|Brainstorming
|-
|Missbrauchsschutz
|Irgendein Mechanismus, der Missbrauch und sinnlose Abfragen verhindert, blockiert oder sonst irgendwie unschädlich macht.
|bisher nicht notwendig
|-
|Datumfehler
|Datumswerte werden momentan nur bei zweistelligen Zahlen unterstützt.
|{{ok}} seit 2. November 2006
|-
|Autorenanzeige
|Anzeige von weiteren Informationen wie Autoren und evtl. Links zum Bearbeiten Umstieg auf Klassen notwendig
|m.E. nicht notwendig
|-
|Caching
|Speichern benutzter Versionsgeschichten (hilfreich bei langen Listen über 1000 Versionen)
|Brainstorming
|-
|Internationalisierung
|Benutzerführung in verschiedenen Sprachen
|{{ok}} seit 15. November 2006
|-
|Fehlermeldungen
|Erzeugen von Fehlermeldungen für Dinge wie
*Artikel nicht vorhanden
*keine Verbindung zu Wikipedia
*....
|{{ok}} seit 3. November 2006
|-
|Auto-Sprachauswahl
|Sprache wird automatisch aus dem Browser ausgelesen.
|{{ok}} seit 4. Januar 2007
|-
|Wiki-Code finden
|Derzeit kann nur formatfreier Artikeltext gesucht werden
|{{ok}} seit 8. Januar 2007
|-
|Binäre Suche übersetzen
|Die Ausgabe der binären Suche erfolgt derzeit nur in deutsch
|{{ok}} seit 26. Januar 2007
|-
|Reset-Button
|Zurücksetzen der Datumsregler
|{{ok}} seit 22. März 2007
|-
|Interaktive Übersetzung
|Einfache Möglichkeit, Tools zu übersetzen
|Brainstorming
|-
|HTML suchen
|Tags wie <nowiki><ref></nowiki> funktionieren nicht
|{{ok}} seit 10. Dezember 2007
|-
|[[Senkrechter Strich|Pipe]]s suchen
|Der Vorlagenparametertrennter <nowiki>|</nowiki> wird nicht gefunden
|{{ok}} seit 26. Dezember 2007
|-
|Kleinigkeiten ignorieren
|Bearbeitungen, die mit der Option „Nur Kleinigkeiten wurden verändert“ gespeichert wurden, können nun optional ignoriert werden
|{{ok}} seit 26. Dezember 2007
|-
|Wikis ohne Sprache
|URLs ohne Sprachpräfix konnten bisher nicht ausgewählt werden
|{{ok}} seit 27. März 2008
|-
|Italienisch
|Interface und Handbuch wurden von [[:it:Utente:Melos|Utente:Melos]] übersetzt. Danke!
|{{ok}} seit 13. September 2008
|-
|Falsche Optionen
|Sollten mehr Versionen übersprungen als durchsucht werden, so wird eine Fehlermeldung ausgegeben.
|{{ok}} seit 13. September 2008
|-
|}
__TOC__

== Bugs (erledigt) ==

# Bei "jede 2. Version auswerten" werden, wenn ich mich da nicht verzähle, immer 2 Versionen '''ausgelassen''', ergo wird jede 3. Version ausgewertet... [[Benutzer:PDD|— PDD —]] 19:58, 13. Sep 2006 (CEST)
#: Ich habe es umformuliert. So besser? --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 20:45, 13. Sep 2006 (CEST)
#:: Jep, wunderbar. ("Synax" nicht vergessen!) [[Benutzer:PDD|— PDD —]] 21:02, 13. Sep 2006 (CEST)
#::: Ist nun endlich auch erledigt. --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 18:20, 25. Sep 2006 (CEST)

==Doll (erledigt)==
Hallo Flominator, dolles Ding, das WikiBlame. Falls Du vorhast, nochmal dran rum zu werkeln, hätte ich folgende Idee: Die Suche beginnt mit der ältesten Version und stoppt, sobald der gesuchte Begriff gefunden ist. Zum Beschleunigen der Suche könnte man zwar zunächst interpolieren (was Du ja auch implementiert hast), aber das Ergebnis wäre dann nicht 100%ig richtig.

Ich hatte den Eindruck, es hat nicht mit dem Quelltext aus dem Bearbeitungsfenster funktioniert, aber das muss ich nochmal prüfen.

Davon abgesehen: Ich fände es superwichtig, dieses Tool für eine breite Öffentlichkeit zugänglich zu machen und auch zu bewerben, denn dadurch kann den Qualitäts-Zweiflern einiger Wind aus den Segeln genommen werden und der vorsichtige, verantwortungsvolle Umgang mit Inhalten würde erleichtert. Was meinst Du? Gruß, -- [[Benutzer:Wolli-j|Wolli]] 16:31, 27. Okt. 2006 (CEST)

:Am besten auf dem [[meta:Toolserver|Toolserver]] zugänglich machen. --[[Benutzer:87.160.202.217|87.160.202.217]] 16:59, 27. Okt. 2006 (CEST)

:Hallo Wolli und vielen Dank für die lobenden Worte. Ich habe gerade über deinen Vorschlag nachgedacht und sehe dabei ein Problem: Woran erkenne ich, dass es neu eingefügt wurde und nicht nur ein Vandalismus revertiert wurde? --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 21:54, 27. Okt. 2006 (CEST)

== Diskussion auf [[WP:FZW]] (erledigt)==
Schaust du mal [[Wikipedia:Fragen zur Wikipedia#Wer hat's geschrieben?|hier]] vorbei? Vielleicht läßt sich meine Anregung ja umsetzen; es würde das Tool stark beschleunigen. Erforderlich wäre, daß sich die gesamte Versionsgeschichte auf einmal einlesen läßt. Gruß, [[Benutzer:FritzG|Fritz]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:FritzG|@]] 19:02, 27. Okt. 2006 (CEST)
:Danke für den Hinweis. Hab ich gemacht --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 21:54, 27. Okt. 2006 (CEST)
==Vorsicht beim Überspringen!==
Ein Hinweis zum Überspringen von Versionen, um die Suche zu beschleunigen: Gerade bei umstrittenen Passagen (und das sind die interessantesten!) kann es vorkommen, dass sie reingesetzt werden, kurz darauf wieder rausfliegen und nach Diskussion oder Editwar einige Edits später wieder reinkommen und dann bleiben. Es ist also nicht so, dass eine Passage zwangsläufig in einem Moment reinkommt und dann für immer bleibt! Wenn man nun irgendwo hineinsticht, können diese Feinheiten verloren gehen; statt des eigentlichen Autors findet man möglicherweise nur einen Revertierer. Daher sehe ich drei Ansätze:
#Sequentielle Suche ab der ältesten Version - langsam aber gründlich.
#Annäherung per Interpolation (wie's [[Benutzer:FritzG]] vorschlägt und man es "zu Fuß" nur hinbekommt) - schnell, meistens richtig, aber nicht sicher.
#Integration in die Wiki-Software, so dass nicht mit "Standard"-Abfragen gearbeitet werden muss, sondern die sequentielle (indexierte?), gründliche Suche schnell vonstatten geht - Muss durch den Beamtenapparat gehen ...
Vielleicht kann man 1.) und 2.) als Alternativen programmieren!? --[[Benutzer:Wolli-j|Wolli]] 21:40, 27. Okt. 2006 (CEST)
:Hallo Wolli, vielen Dank für deine Vorschläge.
:Zu 1.) hast du mal Artikel wie z.B. [[Deutschland]] gesehen? Das Teil hat an die 8000 Versionen. Das Skript liest momentan alle relevanten Versionsgeschichten gemäß dem Formular aus und speichert sie in einem Array. Ein Umdrehen der Suchreihenfolge dürte kein Problem sein. Allerdings weiss ich nicht genau, wie der Webserver auf Artikel mit riesigen Versionsgeschichten reagiert, die heruntergeladen und zerlegt werden müssen.
:Zu 2.) Bei der Interpolation haben wir eben das Problem der gravierenden Ungenauigkeit. --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 21:54, 27. Okt. 2006 (CEST)

Ich würde es auf jeden Fall als Alternative programmieren, denn beide Methoden haben je nach Anwendungsfall ihre Vorteile. Um auch Reverts zu berücksichtigen, kann man das System der binären Suche verbessern, indem man es rekursiv noch einmal für alle Beiträge anwendet, die älter sind als das vermeintlich erste Auftreten der gesuchten Passage. Das wäre immer noch schneller als das sequentielle Durchsuchen. --[[Benutzer:FritzG|Fritz]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:FritzG|@]] 22:27, 27. Okt. 2006 (CEST)
: Obwohl... ich glaube, ich habe da einen Denkfehler. Das muß ich mir nochmal genauer überlegen. --[[Benutzer:FritzG|Fritz]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:FritzG|@]] 22:30, 27. Okt. 2006 (CEST)

Vielleicht kann man versuchen, die manuelle Vorgehensweise im Programm abzubilden!? Wenn sowieso zunächst ein Array der Versionen aufgebaut werden muss, kann man anschließend richtig loslegen:
*Wenn < 100 Versionen => einzeln durchgehen
*Über 100 Versionen => interpolieren / abschätzen

*Bei Artikeln mit richtig vielen Versionen nehmen wir an, dass sich eine Passage während einer "Phase" "etabliert" hat. Indem wir zunächst jeden 20. Edit checken, können wir erkennen, ab wann die Passage ''ungefähr'' gekommen ist.

*Anschließend wird die Gegend vor und um das Erscheinen genauer geprüft, um das tatsächliche erste Erscheinen der Passage dingfest zu machen.

Achso, nochwas: Als Unwissender frage ich mich, ob die Wikipedia eigentlich intern die kompletten Versionen speichert oder nur die Änderungen (zzgl. aktuelle Version im Cache) - letzteres wäre a) wesentlich speichersparender und b) würde es unserem Anliegen helfen, wenn man nur die Änderungen abfragen müsste, statt der kompletten Versionen. Aber ist das so? Oder ist es zumindest möglich, die Änderungen statt der Komplettversion abzufragen? (Mist: Hier wäre das Problem, dass gesuchte Passage nicht gefunden würde, wenn sie in zwei oder mehr Schritten eingegeben wurde.)

So viel meine Gedanken für heute --[[Benutzer:Wolli-j|Wolli]] 22:39, 27. Okt. 2006 (CEST)

:Hallo Wolli, ich habe mich auch noch ein paar Gedanken gemacht. Ich gehe mal davon aus, dass der Benutzer selbst regelt, welche Versionsliste er durchsuchen soll. Will heißen: Es gibt 300 Versionen - Benutzer lässt 1000 durchsuchen -> es wird die ganze Versionsgeschichte abgegrast. Unter dieser Bedingung dürfte das Implementieren der automatischen Wahl (die m.E. trotzdem per Checkbox aktiviert werden müsste) nicht das Problem sein.

:Ich habe mich neulich Nacht auch gleich mal hingesetzt und das mit dem Interpolieren nochmal durchdacht. Hab ich das richtig verstanden?
:* Gegeben sei eine Versionsliste mit 100 Einträgen, wobei 1 der oberste und neueste ist. Wir befinden uns an pos=100. Nun wird immer folgender Algorithmus abgearbeitet:
:* Prüfe Version ver=pos/2=50 auf Enthalten des Suchstrings von pos=100 aus
:** gefunden: gehe eine Hälfte weiter runter - prüfe Version ver+(|pos-ver|/2) (im Beispiel: 50+(|50-100|/2) = 75
:** nicht gefunden: schließe Vandalismus aus: prüfe Version pos-1 und pos+1
:*** war es Vandalismus: siehe gefunden
:*** ist Textstelle wirklich nicht erhalten: gehe eine Hälfte weiter hoch - prüfe Version ver-(|pos-ver|/2) (im Beispiel: 50-(|50-100|/2) = 25
:Ich bin mir nicht ganz sicher, ob so die gedachte Interpolation funktioniert und ich weiss auch noch nicht genau, wie ich dann die Stelle erkenne, wo es wechselt. Vielleicht dort, wo ich am Ende zwei nebeneinanderliegende Versionen prüfen muss, oder? Trotz mehrmaligen Versuchen, es im Kopf durchzuspielen, habe ich es nicht geschafft. Bin gespannt, ob du meinen wirren Gedanken etwas folgen kannst. Trau dich nur zu fragen! Gruß, --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 21:40, 30. Okt. 2006 (CET)
::Der Ansatz ist schon ganz richtig. Zum Abbruch musst du nur schauen ob die nächste zu checkende version bereits geprüft wurde (am Besten ein Flag ins Array aufnehmen mit den Stati ungeprüft, positiv geprüft, negativ geprüft). Die Überprüfung auf Vandalismus kann mE nur dann sinnvoll sein, wenn du auf Pattern im Kommentarfeld checkst. Das einzige Pattern, das ich hier implementieren würde, ist der Revertkommentar bei Adminreverts. Ansonsten sollte die Intervallsuche nur eine Option sein (am Besten mit einem entsprechenden Hinweis am Ende der Suche). --[[Benutzer:87.78.158.216|87.78.158.216]] 12:25, 2. Nov. 2006 (CET)
::: So schlecht lag ich damit wohl echt nicht :) Ist erledigt und kann getestet werden! Das mit den Flags und dem Prüfen auf Reverts habe ich erstmal außen vorgelassen. Immerhin kriegt man ja einen Link auf den Versionsunterschied. --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 17:47, 2. Nov. 2006 (CET)
::::Sieht gut aus :) --[[Benutzer:87.78.228.23|87.78.228.23]] 21:39, 2. Nov. 2006 (CET)

Brauchen wir wirklich die Automatik, dass interpolierte Suche nicht bei kurzen Versionsgeschichten geht? Deine Frage hatte ich übrigens ganz vergessen: [[MediaWiki]] speichert jede Version komplett in einem neuen Datensatz. Für uns spielt das aber auch keine Rolle, da dieses Tool keinen Datenbankzugriff hat/braucht. --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 19:51, 3. Nov. 2006 (CET)
== Zusatztool==

Hi Flominator, klasse Tool! Ich war mal so frei, dein Tool in die Diensteanbieterliste von [[Benutzer:Revvar/KM]] aufzunehmen. Damit können die Nutzer markierten Text direkt zu deinem Tool senden. Einziges Problem ist momentan noch, dass das KM-Tool den Text aus der Artikelansicht nimmt, während dein Tool Text aus der Editansicht erwartet. Wird zum Beispiel Text mit einem Wikilink markiert, dann wird nur der Text, ohne Link gesendet, dein Tool erwartet es aber mit Wikisyntax. Vieleicht könntest du das noch berücksichtigen? Schöne Grüße --[[Benutzer:Revvar|Revvar]] ([[Benutzer Diskussion:Revvar|D]] [[Benutzer:Revvar/RT|RT]]) 14:16, 1. Nov. 2006 (CET)
:Wahrscheinlich wird das aber arg die Geschwindigkeit einschränken, da dann erst der HTML-Quelltext der einzelnen Versionen bereinigt werden muss. Eine Alternative wäre es, denn "richtigen HTML-Text" aus der aktuellen ersten Version auszulesen ... Ich mache mir da mal nen Kopf drüber. --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 16:04, 1. Nov. 2006 (CET)
:: Erledigt :) --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 17:22, 1. Nov. 2006 (CET)
::: Und wie hast du es gelöst? Eigentlich bräuchtest du doch nur die Wikisyntax rauszufiltern? Mein Tool sendet kein HTML sondern nimmt den reinen Text aus der Selektion. Btw. ein fehlgeschlagener [http://wikipedia.ramselehof.de/wikiblame.php?article=Zeit-Kosten-Fortschritts-Diagramm&needle=werden%20Arbeitswerte%20%28A1%2C%20A2 Test]. Gruß --[[Benutzer:Revvar|Revvar]] ([[Benutzer Diskussion:Revvar|D]] [[Benutzer:Revvar/RT|RT]]) 08:30, 2. Nov. 2006 (CET)
:::: Ich habe mit strip_tags() sämtliche HTML-Tags entfernt. Allerdings überlege ich, auf raw-Text umzusteigen. --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 09:04, 2. Nov. 2006 (CET)
::::: Ich bekomme momentan nur die Fehlermeldung: ''Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/www/kunden/ramselehof.de/wikipedia/wikiblame.php on line 201'' (siehe auch mein Link im Beitrag drüber) Gruß --[[Benutzer:Revvar|Revvar]] ([[Benutzer Diskussion:Revvar|D]] [[Benutzer:Revvar/RT|RT]]) 16:47, 3. Nov. 2006 (CET)
::::: Es scheint an fehlenden Defaults für einige Felder des Formulars zu liegen. Wenn ich die Suchmethode explizit auswähle klappt es. --[[Benutzer:Revvar|Revvar]] ([[Benutzer Diskussion:Revvar|D]] [[Benutzer:Revvar/RT|RT]]) 18:09, 3. Nov. 2006 (CET)
:::::: Gefahr erkannt, Gefahr gebannt - Dankeschön! --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 19:13, 3. Nov. 2006 (CET)
::::::: Klappt noch nicht. Fehlen vieleicht noch die Defaults im Programm selbst. Zum Testen: [http://wikipedia.ramselehof.de/wikiblame.php?article=Chris%20Merritt&needle=Tanz%20und%20Schauspiel%20an%20der%20Universit%E4t Testfall]. Gruß --[[Benutzer:Revvar|Revvar]] ([[Benutzer Diskussion:Revvar|D]] [[Benutzer:Revvar/RT|RT]]) 20:22, 3. Nov. 2006 (CET)
:::::::: Default-Offset war drin, was aber nichts nützt, wenn man Tag und Monat verdreht *gg* Allerdings scheinen wir noch ein Problem mit den Umlauten zu haben. Ansätze? --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 20:50, 3. Nov. 2006 (CET)

==Verbesserungsvorschläge==
Hallo Flominator, die Eingabe des Datums scheint von deinem Tool nicht korrekt verarbeitet zu werden. Wenn ich das richtig sehe werden zwar Tag und Monat, nicht aber das Jahr berücksichtigt. Zudem hätte ich ein paar kleine Anregungen zu dem Tool:
# Es wäre schön gleich den Autor der Version mit dabei zu haben
# Eine Option Intervallsuche wäre toll (beginnt in der Mitte der History und geht per Intervallschachtelung durch die History bis Suche erfüllt)
# Eine Option zum Check auf Nichtvorhandensein wäre hilfreich (insbesonder mit der Intervallsuche)
--[[Benutzer:87.78.158.216|87.78.158.216]] 10:15, 2. Nov. 2006 (CET)
:*Danke für den Hinweis mit dem Datum. Das dürfte eine Kleinigkeit sein.
:*Ich muss mal schauen, ob das mit dem Autor was wird, ohne die Kompatiblität zu anderen Wikis zu beinträchtigen.
:*Die Idee mit der Intervalsuche wird oben bereits thematisiert. Kommentare sind willkommen!
:*Wie meinst du das mit Nichtvorhandensein? Das wird doch bereits angezeigt. --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 10:57, 2. Nov. 2006 (CET)
::Gelegentlich bin ich nicht daran interessiert festzustellen, wann etwas in den Artikel aufgenommen wurde, sondern daran, wann etwas aus dem Artikel gelöscht wurde. Falls die Intervallsuche implementiert wird, brauche ich in so einem Fall natürlich ein Flag, dass der Suchfunktion sagt, ob sie nach Vorhandensein oder nach Nichtvorhandensein schauen soll, da die Suche sonst falsch abgebrochen wird. Bei der vollsändigen Liste ist das obsolet. --[[Benutzer:87.78.158.216|87.78.158.216]] 12:16, 2. Nov. 2006 (CET)
::: Bin mir nicht ganz sicher, aber würde es da nicht reichen, einfach die Liste zu invertieren? --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 17:47, 2. Nov. 2006 (CET)
::::Nein, denn die Interpolation muss zur jeweils anderen Seite weitergehen. Während du ja normalerweise das erste Auftreten eines Wortes suchst, bedeutet Nichtvorhandensein die Suche nach dem letzten Auftreten des Wortes. Bei der normalen Suche suchst du also in älteren Versionen weiter, wenn du ein Auftreten gefunden hast, bei Nichtvorhandensein musst du bei Auftreten des Wortes in den neueren Versionen weitersuchen. Wie mir gerade erst auffällt, musst du eine normale Suche vorschalten, um erst mal festzustellen, ab wo die Suche eigentlich los gehen soll. --[[Benutzer:87.78.228.23|87.78.228.23]] 21:39, 2. Nov. 2006 (CET)
::::: Kann ich die normale Suche nicht vom Benutzer verlangen? --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 22:25, 2. Nov. 2006 (CET)
::::: Ich verstehe einfach nicht ganz, wie du das mit der invertierten Suche meinst. Such mir mal bitte ein Beispiel raus. --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 19:14, 3. Nov. 2006 (CET)

== Tool extrem beschleunigen (erledigt) ==

Warum ziehst du nicht auf den [[meta:Toolserver|Toolserver]] um, da hast du gleich die dynamische Liste aller Projekte und direkten Datenbankzugriff auf die einzelnen Artikelversionen? -- [[Benutzer:JakobVoss|Nichtich]] 00:09, 3. Nov. 2006 (CET)
:Weil mir [[Benutzer:Elian|Elian]] gesagt hat, dass dort nur jeweils die aktuelle Version liegt :) --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 06:20, 3. Nov. 2006 (CET)

== Sprache "ch" ==

Hallo Flominator, zwar kein Fehler, aber trotzdem etwas fürs Auge: Es gibt keinen Sprachenkürzel für Schweizer Deutsch. Nach [[ISO 639]] und Anhängseln hieße das korrekt de-CH, also Sprache Deutsch für die Region Schweiz. "ch" steht dort für [[Chamorro]]. Soll aber jetzt nicht zum Politikum werden. Grüße --[[Benutzer:84.56.212.68|84.56.212.68]] 14:52, 8. Jan. 2007 (CET)
:Flominator's Tool akzeptiert "de-CH" nicht, da musste ich "ch" nehmen ;) Nein, war sowieso nur so als Spass gemeint, habs gelöscht.--[[Benutzer:Luxo|Lux]][[Benutzer_Diskussion:Luxo|o]] 20:13, 8. Jan. 2007 (CET)

== Suchen von Wikicode ==
Kann es sein, dass Wikicode nicht gefunden wird? Ich habe versucht herauszufinden, wer in einem Artikel Interwikilinks zerstört hat, und konnte WikiBlame nicht dafür verwenden, da er diese schon nicht in den korrekten Versionen fand. Grüße --[[Benutzer:Chrislb|chrislb]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Chrislb|问题]] 19:10, 8. Jan. 2007 (CET)
:Hallo Chrislb, das ist derzeit leider wahr. Ich werde mal schauen, was sich da machen lässt. --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 20:06, 8. Jan. 2007 (CET)
:Update: Scheint nicht der riesige Aufwand zu sein. Ich machs asap. --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 20:52, 8. Jan. 2007 (CET)
::Ist erledigt. --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 18:28, 9. Jan. 2007 (CET)
:::Hmm, wenn ich in [[Sojamilch]] nach z.B. '''두유''' suche, dann findet er trotzdem nichts, ist aber in dem Interwikilink auf die koreanische Version enthalten. Konkret geht es mir darum diese Version [http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sojamilch&diff=prev&oldid=22080384] zu finden, die ich stattdessen händisch suchen musste. Grüße und Dank --[[Benutzer:Chrislb|chrislb]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Chrislb|问题]] 18:56, 9. Jan. 2007 (CET)
:::: Suche nach '''[[ko:두유''' und es funktioniert :) --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 21:05, 9. Jan. 2007 (CET)
:::::Firma dankt. Vielleicht nicht ganz so intuitiv, aber es tut. Grüße --[[Benutzer:Chrislb|chrislb]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Chrislb|问题]] 23:38, 9. Jan. 2007 (CET)
:::::: Dafür steht es nun in der Anleitung :) --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 09:20, 11. Jan. 2007 (CET)

== Verschieben auf Unterseite von Helferlein? ==

Moin Flominator!

Ich würde vorschlagen diese Seite auf eine Unterseite der [[Wikipedia:Helferlein]] zu verschieben, IMHO sinnvoller als im Benutzernamensraum, was meinst du? --[[Benutzer:Cjesch|Cjesch]] 12:33, 15. Mai 2007 (CEST)
:Wenn überhaupt, würde ich das Teil zu [[Wikipedia:WikiBlame]] verschieben, damit man es sich auch noch halbwegs merken kann :) --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 19:47, 17. Mai 2007 (CEST)

==Andere Namensräume==
Danke Flo für Dein ausgezeichnetes Tool zur Suche in der Versionsgeschichte! Gruss, --[[Benutzer:Markus Bärlocher|Markus Bärlocher]] 17:28, 3. Jul. 2007 (CEST)

:Frage: kann ich damit auch in anderen Namensräumen suchen? (Wo habe ich schon überall meinen Senf zu Qualitätsthemen dazugegeben? SQL: Benutzer:Markus Bärlocher im Namensraum Wikipedia)... Gruss, --[[Benutzer:Markus Bärlocher|Markus Bärlocher]] 12:43, 5. Jul. 2007 (CEST)
::Wenn ich es richtig gesehen habe, wolltest du vermutlich in [[Wikipedia:Verbesserungsvorschläge]] nach Bärlocher suchen. Du hattest aber als Seite [[Wikipedia:Verbesserungsvorschläge/Archiv]] angegeben, in dessen Versionsgeschichte natürlich nicht dein Name steht, den du mit "bärlocher" auch noch in der falschen Schreibweise gesucht hast :) Mit der o.g. Einstellung funktioniert es bei mir. --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 13:58, 5. Jul. 2007 (CEST)
:::Funktioniert bestens - aber wie durchsuche ich das Archiv? Gruss, --[[Benutzer:Markus Bärlocher|Markus Bärlocher]] 15:08, 5. Jul. 2007 (CEST)
:::: Der [[Benutzer:Archivbot|Archivbot]] schneidet ja nur die Beiträge in der aktuellen Version aus und kopiert sie ins Archiv. Sie sind noch immer in den Versionen vor der Archivierung gespeichert. --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 21:24, 5. Jul. 2007 (CEST)
::::: Aha, danke - schon wieder etwas gelernt. --[[Benutzer:Markus Bärlocher|Markus Bärlocher]] 00:36, 6. Jul. 2007 (CEST)

== Wunsch: Ignorieren von Vandalismus und Reverts ==

Hi Flo, echt geiles Tool. Ich habe zwar selten Grund, es zu benutzen, aber dann umso lieber. Wobei es mir meistens darum geht, wer etwas in einen Artikel eingebaut hat, damit ich ihn z.B. fragen kann, was dahinter steckt. Leider gibt es immer wieder Artikel, die Vandalismus der Sorte "ganze Seite ausgetauscht" zum Opfer fallen, und an solch einer Stelle bleibt Dein Tool dann natürlich stehen, obwohl es sich bei dem scheinbaren Einfügen nur um einen Vandalismus-Revert handelt. Dann muss ich das Datum des Reverts eintippen und neu starten... bis zum nächstfrüheren Vandalismus. Das kann schon nerven. Und linear suchen vom allerersten Artikel aus möchte ich dem System auch ersparen. Vielleicht lässt es sich machen, dass Dein Tool auf Wunsch (Checkbox) die Suchergebnisse überspringt, wenn "Revert" dabei steht? Gruß, --[[Benutzer:Plenz|Plenz]] 18:19, 9. Dez. 2007 (CET)
:Das könnte hässlich werden, da ich sowohl den Revert, als auch die Version davor (bzw. bei umgekehrter Reihenfolge danach) ignorieren muss. Ich werde schauen, was sich machen lässt. Mittlerweile habe ich zumindest mal eine Option implementiert, die kleine Änderungen herausfiltert. Sie liegt vorerst unter http://wikipedia.ramselehof.de/wikiblame_test.php . Wäre schön, wenn du das mal ein wenig testen könntest, damit ich darauf die Revert-Entfernung aufbauen kann. Danke, --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 15:14, 10. Dez. 2007 (CET)
::Ich habe die Funktion nun einmal experimentell in die Produktivversion eingebaut. --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 20:57, 26. Dez. 2007 (CET)
:::http://wikipedia.ramselehof.de/wikiblame_test.php wirft 404. Habe grade massive Probleme mit einer Seite, die mehrmals geblankt wurde. Kannst du nochmal gucken, ob du das besser ignorieren kannst? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Hayes wurde zu of geblankt. Wenn es nochmal nicht klappt werde ich mal oldest first suchen. Mal sehen.. -- [[Benutzer:RichiH|RichiH]] 11:06, 12. Aug. 2008 (CEST)

== Bitte validieren Sie die eingegebene Texte ==

Wenn ich zum Beispiel suche auf <nowiki>"<ref name="X" />"</nowiki> dann passiert etwas merkwürdiges. Ich denke es wird nicht besonders viel Mühe kosten das zu corrigieren, dennoch viel Glück. Frohe Weihnachten, [[Spezial:Beiträge/82.139.85.20|82.139.85.20]] 13:08, 10. Dez. 2007 (CET)
:Danke für die Info. Funktioniert nun. --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 14:32, 10. Dez. 2007 (CET)

== Kleiner Bug bei der interpolierten Suche ==

Ist nicht wichtig, ich möchte es aber dennoch hier festhalten: Wenn man interpoliert sucht und gleichzeitig „ältere zuerst“ ankreuzt, kommt das Tool durcheinander und findet den Zeitpunkt nicht mehr, ab dem der Suchbegriff zum ersten Mal im Artikel auftaucht. --[[Benutzer:TMg|TM]] 20:28, 19. Dez. 2007 (CET)
:Danke für den Tipp. Braucht man die Option überhaupt bei der interpolierten Variante? --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 23:03, 23. Dez. 2007 (CET)
::Ich denke nicht. Das Skript sollte die Sortierung einfach ignorieren, wenn man interpoliert suchen will. --[[Benutzer:TMg|TM]] 23:06, 23. Dez. 2007 (CET)
:::erledigt. Danke für den Hinweis. --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 20:56, 26. Dez. 2007 (CET)

== Kategorie ==

Das Toll nimmt ja jetzt nur den angezeigten Text. Könnte man auch etwas hinzufügen, so dass man zB Suchen kann, wann eine bestimmte Kategorie rein oder rauskam? Also, dass man zB nach "Kategörie:Ehe" suchen kann? --[[Benutzer:Fg68at|Franz]] (Fg68at) 02:02, 15. Feb. 2008 (CET)
:Suche nach <nowiki>[[Kategorie:Ehe]]</nowiki> und es passt. --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 09:05, 16. Feb. 2008 (CET)

== Bitte ==
mal [[Wikipedia:Frage zur Wikipedia#Gibt es eine "Textsuche in älteren Versionen" ?|das hier]] lesen - das möchte ich erreichen; ich brauche aber Hilfe, wie das konkret geht (der Text könnte auch in einer zugehörigen Diskussionseite gestanden haben).--[[Benutzer:Dr.cueppers|Dr.cueppers]] - [[Benutzer Diskussion:Dr.cueppers|Disk.]] 12:52, 28. Feb. 2008 (CET)
: Du musst in jedem Fall wissen, welche Seite du durchsuchen willst. --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 22:41, 28. Feb. 2008 (CET)
::Als erstes [[Speziallager Nr. 2 in Buchenwald]] und die zugehörige Diskussionsseite.
::Dann [[Speziallager]] und die zugehörige Diskussionsseite.
::Suchbegriff am besten "Mörder".
::--[[Benutzer:Dr.cueppers|Dr.cueppers]] - [[Benutzer Diskussion:Dr.cueppers|Disk.]] 23:55, 28. Feb. 2008 (CET)
:::Steht doch direkt auf [[Diskussion:Speziallager]] --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 09:17, 29. Feb. 2008 (CET)
::::Ja, das ist nur ein Kommentar - aber von da ausgehend finde ich wohl auch das Ursprungszitat, auf das hier Bezug genommen wird. Danke--[[Benutzer:Dr.cueppers|Dr.cueppers]] - [[Benutzer Diskussion:Dr.cueppers|Disk.]] 10:46, 29. Feb. 2008 (CET)

== Bugreport ==

Bei mir kommt bei Suchen die Meldung:
'''Warning:''' array_reverse(): The argument should be an array in '''/home/www/kunden/ramselehof.de/wikipedia/wikiblame.php''' on line 277
--[[Benutzer:Atlan da Gonozal|Atlan da Gonozal]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Atlan da Gonozal|¿?¡!]] 18:47, 21. Apr. 2008 (CEST)
:Ich vermute mal, dass du nach [[Neokatechumenaler Weg]] und ''traditionalistisch'' gesucht hast? Ging bei mir einwandfrei. Ich kann den Fehler leider nicht reproduzieren. --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 22:37, 27. Apr. 2008 (CEST)
::Habe es mittlerweile herausgefunden, nur vergessen hier zu melden: Ich hatte ein Datum eingestellt zu dem der Artikel noch gar nicht existiert hatte und dann die Reihenfolge der Versionen umgedreht... Danke für dein Bestreben mir zu helfen. --[[Benutzer:Atlan da Gonozal|Atlan da Gonozal]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Atlan da Gonozal|¿?¡!]] 14:31, 12. Mai 2008 (CEST)

== suggestion for wikiblame - add numbers! ==

Hi sorry I don't speak german. I think wikiblame could be used more efficiently if the revision has its number next to it instead of or in addition to its bullet. áThen one could search every 10th revision and quickly find around what revision they should search from.

--[[:en:User:Isaac|Isaac]]

:Agreed, would be useful and trivial to do. -- [[Benutzer:RichiH|RichiH]] 11:07, 12. Aug. 2008 (CEST)

== Abbruch bei Erfolg ==

Erst einmal vielen Dank für dieses tolle Hilfsmittel! Ist es (ohne allzu große Umstände) eine Option einzubauen, sodass die lineare Suche abbricht, sobald das Muster von "Treffer" zu "kein Treffer" springt? Weiter suchen ist da ja eine Vergeudung, denn man hat die beiden Versionen, wo etwas passierte, ja bereits gefunden. --[[Benutzer:Sentropie|Sentropie]] 12:00, 6. Jun. 2008 (CEST)
:Grundsätzlich kannst du die Verarbeitung selbst unterbrechen, indem du im Browser auf abbrechen drückst. Ich finde es allerdins ab und zu auch interessant, zu sehen, wie oft ein Text drin, draußen und dann wieder drin war. Reicht dir das mit dem Browser-Button? --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 20:52, 6. Jun. 2008 (CEST)

::Stimmt, so geht es auch. Im Prinzip ist es ok so. Implementierung ja oder nein kannst du also halten wie du willst, ich bin auch so zufrieden. :) --[[Benutzer:Sentropie|Sentropie]] 21:46, 6. Jun. 2008 (CEST)
:::Wenn ich das nächste Mal das Ding in der Hand habe, baue ich es vielleicht ein. --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 16:26, 7. Jun. 2008 (CEST)

== Option, dass die Suche bei Erfolg nicht abbricht ==

Ich hab grad Probleme mit http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Hayes durch einiges Blanking. Wenn das Ding einfach weitermachen wuerde hatte ich es einfacher und koennte einfach ueber alle Ergebnisse gehen. Ausserdem fehlt eine Einschraenkung fuer Uhrzeit zusaetzlich zum Datum. -- [[Benutzer:RichiH|RichiH]] 11:10, 12. Aug. 2008 (CEST)
:Im Zweifelsfall kannst du mit der ältesten Version weitermachen, in der der String gefunden wurde oder einfach linear suchen. Einschränkung für Uhrzeit ist vermutlich zuviel Aufwand im Verhältnis zudem, wie oft die Funktion gebraucht wird. --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 13:26, 10. Sep. 2008 (CEST)

== Interface issues ==

Here is some issues I find with the interface currently
* There should be a checkbox to specify wikitext search or HTML text searching
* There should be an option to check either X number of revision or all revisions between two dates
* Ability to just paste the URL into the article field and have it get all the apportion values (I have some code if you want)
* A popup calendar for selecting dates
* Cookie to remember setting or that it defaults to interpolated searching
* Should check with [http://validator.w3.org/check?uri=http://wikipedia.ramselehof.de/wikiblame.ph a validator] to see if completely bogus tags are being used
** Use the <label> tag
I hope this helps. [[Benutzer:Dispenser|Dispenser]] 04:40, 17. Aug. 2008 (CEST)
:Hi there, thanks for your suggestions and sorry for not checking them earlier:
:* Currently HTML text searching is not possible, since all tags are removed if the search word does not contain "wiki characters".
:* All revisions between two dates sounds nice. The thing is: currently I don't use the date of the version. So I would have to extract it via regexps.
:* "Ability to just paste the URL into the article field and have it get all the apportion values (I have some code if you want)" - I don't really understand this one ...
:* I think interpolated as default is too difficult for unexperienced users, but cookie sounds nice {{offen}}
:* The code is now validated. Thank you.
: --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 13:58, 10. Sep. 2008 (CEST)
::* I'm asking for a manual toggle of the "wiki characters" flag
::* Ok. Now would dates be more understandable in the wiki standard ISO format (YYYY-MM-DD)?
::* See [[tools:~dispenser/view/Checklinks|my tools]] for an example, you can paste Wikipedia URLs in and it will understand them and convert it to it's own format (which is interwiki links)
::* Ok
::* F9F9F9 should be #F9F9F9, could also be done with CSS (style="background:#F9F9F9")
::** Labels make the text clickable as part of the button. example: <code><input type="checkbox" id="cbx1" /><label for="cbx1">Click here to check/uncheck</label></code>
::[[Benutzer:Dispenser|Dispenser]] 18:03, 10. Sep. 2008 (CEST)

== Dokumentation ==

Hallo, und besten Dank fuer das Tool. In der Dokumentation sollte irgendwo erklaert werden, was fuer eine Suche vorgenommen wird. Werden die Suchterme mit OR oder mit AND verknuepft, oder wird nach dem eingegebenem String gesucht? [[Benutzer:AxelBoldt|AxelBoldt]] 20:40, 17. Aug. 2008 (CEST)
:"Das Tool durchsucht die Versionsgeschichte eines Artikels nach einer Zeichenkette." Damit meinte ich, dass nur der exakt eingegebene String gesucht wird. --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 09:10, 7. Sep. 2008 (CEST)

== Bug ==

When I do [http://wikipedia.ramselehof.de/wikiblame.php?lang=en&project=wikipedia&article=Wikipedia%3AManual+of+Style+%28dates+and+numbers%29&needle=Maharaj&skipversions=0&ignorefirst=500&limit=100&offtag=23&offmon=8&offjahr=2008&order=asc&searchmethod=lin this query], it shows 100 matches, including: [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style_(dates_and_numbers)&oldid=228135964 this one]. But that one (and, I presume, the others) doesn't contain the search term, "Maharaj". This seems to be a bug. [[Spezial:Beiträge/70.213.171.46|70.213.171.46]] (really, [[en:User:JesseW/not logged in]]) 09:58, 23. Aug. 2008 (CEST)
:You're right, that's why I think that feature sucks. The search for field isn't working. I hope people on the Gemran Wikipedia understand English, because WikiBlame can't be found on the English one. [[Spezial:Beiträge/194.144.87.74|194.144.87.74]] 15:55, 23. Aug. 2008 (CEST)
:: The result of your query is that you want to search 100 revisions but you want to skip the first 500. This means that WikiBlame won't even check your versions since I thinks you wanted it to ignore them. --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 14:09, 10. Sep. 2008 (CEST)
:::Thanks, that does explain it. It would be good to add a check for that situation into the code, i.e., when ignorefirst > limit, don't show any results, just give an error message like: "Ignoring more results than search limit; you don't mean to do this." Also, ignore revisions shouldn't show up as links on the page; they should be hidden, since they are not being examined by the program. In any case, thanks for the reply. [[Spezial:Beiträge/75.215.116.145|75.215.116.145]] 09:43, 12. Sep. 2008 (CEST) (forgot to sign; it's me, [[:en:User:JesseW/not logged in]])
:::: Better now? --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 22:19, 13. Sep. 2008 (CEST)

== WikiBlame in he ==

Hi, regarding [http://wikipedia.ramselehof.de/wikiblame.php this] tool, can it be also translated into Hebrew (he)? It is a rtl language - the text will need to be on the right side of the input boxes. Thanks, [[Benutzer:Yonidebest|Yonidebest]] 22:10, 2. Okt. 2008 (CEST)
:HI Yonidebest, I have to admin that I've never thought about including rtl languages. What would that mean for the results? What else would I have to change?  --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 11:09, 4. Okt. 2008 (CEST)

== es:ignore minor changes ==

¡Hola! en español, ''ignore minor changes'' traduce ''ignorar ediciones menores''.
Hi! in spanish, the translation of ''ignore minor changes'' is ''ignorar ediciones menores''

¡Gracias! Thank you!, ~~[[User:XalD|×α£]][[User talk:XalD|đ]] ~~[[:es:Usuario:XalD|es]] 05:12, 3. Okt. 2008 (CEST)
:Changed it. Decided to make you official translator for further versions :) --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 11:04, 4. Okt. 2008 (CEST)

::OK, please change:

::Lenguaje → Idioma
::DD-MM-YYYY → DD-MM-AAAA
::linear → lineal
::translation → traducción
::[[Benutzer:Flominator/WikiBlame/en|Manual]] → [[:es:Usuario:XalD/WikiBlame|Manual]] <code style="background:yellow">;)</code>

::Thank you for made me the ''official translator''. ~~[[User:XalD|×α£]][[User talk:XalD|đ]] ~~[[:es:Usuario:XalD|es]] 20:17, 4. Okt. 2008 (CEST)
:::Thank you for helping me :) translation and DD-MM-YYYY are not translateable yet, the rest are included --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 14:13, 6. Okt. 2008 (CEST)

== hu: translation ==

Hi,

is it possible to have a Hungarian version of the interface?

--[[:hu:User:Tgr|Tgr]] ([[:hu:User vita:Tgr|talk]]) 20:24, 6. Okt. 2008 (CEST)

Also, have you thought of [http://translatewiki.net/ translatewiki]-fying it? Probably a lot less work to maintain that way. --[[:hu:User:Tgr|Tgr]] ([[:hu:User vita:Tgr|talk]]) 20:35, 6. Okt. 2008 (CEST)
:Hi Tgr, I've just emailed you the en+de language files for translation. I will also take a look at translatewiki. Thanks, --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 16:24, 7. Okt. 2008 (CEST)

I didn't receive it. What address did you use? This one definitely works: tgr.huwiki#gmail.com --[[:hu:User:Tgr|Tgr]] ([[:hu:User vita:Tgr|talk]]) 13:18, 8. Okt. 2008 (CEST)
:Remailed it. --[[Benutzer:Flominator|Flominator]] 16:20, 8. Okt. 2008 (CEST)

== Case sensitivity ==

Hallo,

Kannst du bitte die Käse Sensitivität an diese schön Tool anreihen? Danke [[Benutzer:16@r|16@r]] 18:31, 15. Okt. 2008 (CEST)

Grossraum

2008-10-06T10:41:10Z

16@r: selbe Redirekt als Großraum

#REDIRECT [[Agglomeration]]

Grande-Rosselle

2008-09-10T04:40:01Z

16@r: AZ: Weiterleitung nach Großrosseln erstellt

#REDIRECT [[Großrosseln]]

Kleinrosseln

2008-09-10T04:38:45Z

16@r: AZ: Weiterleitung nach Petite-Rosselle erstellt

#REDIRECT [[Petite-Rosselle]]

Eckert

2008-09-06T19:12:57Z

16@r: Englisch link

'''Eckert''' ist der Familienname folgender Personen:

* [[Achim Eckert]] (* 1956), österreichischer Mediziner
* [[Adam-Claus Eckert]] (* 1946), deutscher Manager
* [[Albert Eckert]] (* 1960), deutscher Politiker (parteilos)
* [[Andrea Eckert]] (* 1958), österreichische Schauspielerin
* [[Bärbel Eckert]] (* 1955), deutsche Leichtathletin
* [[Christian Eckert (Wirtschaftswissenschaftler)]] (1874-1952), deutscher Wirtschaftswissenschaftler
* [[Christian Eckert (Musiker)]] (* 1965), deutscher Jazzgitarrist
* [[Claudia Eckert]] (* 1959), deutsche Informatikerin
* [[Detlef Eckert]] (* 1951), deutscher Landespolitiker (Sachsen-Anhalt) (Die Linke)
* [[Edeltraud Eckert]] (1930-1955), deutsche Schriftstellerin
* [[Erwin Eckert]] (1893-1972), deutscher evangelischer Pfarrer und Politiker (KPD)
* [[Eugen Eckert (Maler)]] (1911-1998), deutscher Maler und Bildhauer
* [[Eugen Eckert (Pfarrer)]] (* 1954), deutscher Pfarrer und Sozialarbeiter
* [[Florian Eckert]] (* 1979), deutscher Skirennläufer
* [[Franz Eckert]] (1852-1916), deutscher Komponist
* [[Georg Eckert]] (1912-1974), deutscher Pädagoge, Historiker und Politiker (SPD)
* [[Gerald Eckert]] (* 1960), deutscher Komponist
* [[Hans-Werner Eckert]] (* 1953), deutscher Rechtswissenschaftler
* [[Hella Eckert]] (* 1948), deutsche Schriftstellerin
* [[Horst Eckert (Sportjournalist)]] (* 1932), deutscher Sportjournalist
* [[Horst Eckert]] (* 1959), deutscher Krimiautor
* [[Jakob Eckert]] (1916-1940), deutscher Fußballspieler
* [[Jörn Eckert]] (1954-2006), deutscher Jurist und Rechtshistoriker
* [[Johannes Eckert (Frankfurter Original)]] (1888-1959), Frankfurter Original
* [[Johannes Eckert (Abt)]] (* 1969), deutscher Benediktinerabt
* [[John Presper Eckert]] (1919-1995), US-amerikanischer Computerpionier
* [[Josef Eckert]] (1854-1909), deutscher Wiesentechniker
* [[Karl Anton Eckert]] (1820-1879), deutscher Komponist und Kapellmeister
* [[Klaus Eckert]] (* ?), deutscher Journalist und Fernsehmoderator
* [[Max Eckert-Greifendorff]] (1868-1938), deutscher Geograph
* [[Otto Eckert]] (1898-1980), deutscher Kunstmaler, Grafiker und Ziselier
* [[Richard Eckert]] (* 1938), deutscher Landespolitiker (Baden-Württemberg) (REP)
* [[Wallace John Eckert]] (1902-1971), US-amerikanischer Astronom
* [[Werner Eckert]] (* 1924), deutscher Kugelstoßer
* [[Wilhelm Eckert]] (1899-1980), deutscher Jurist, Hochschullehrer, Verwaltungsbeamter und Politiker (CDU)
* [[Wolfgang Eckert]] (* 1952), deutscher Fußballspieler

Daneben ist
* Horst Eckert der Geburtsname des Autors [[Janosch]] (*1931)

'''Begriffe'''
*Die [[Eckert-Zahl]], physikalische Kennzahl der Wärmeübertragung

'''Orte'''
*[[Eckert (Texas)]]

{{Begriffsklärung}}

[[en:Eckert]]

Vorlage:Navigationsleiste Deutsche Wappen

2008-08-31T23:17:59Z

16@r: +en

{{Navigationsleiste
|BILD=[[Bild:Coat of Arms of Germany.svg|40px|Wappen Deutschlands]]
|TITEL=Landeswappen und Listen der Wappen in Deutschland
|INHALT=
[[Bundeswappen (Deutschland)|Bundeswappen]] 
Landeswappen:
[[Wappen Baden-Württembergs|Baden-Württemberg]] |
[[Bayerisches Staatswappen|Bayern]] |
[[Wappen Berlins|Berlin]] |
[[Märkischer Adler|Brandenburg]] |
[[Bremer Wappen|Bremen]] |
[[Landeswappen Hamburg|Hamburg]] |
[[Landeswappen Hessen|Hessen]] |
[[Wappen Mecklenburg-Vorpommerns|Mecklenburg-Vorpommern]] |
[[Sachsenross|Niedersachsen]] |
[[Wappen Nordrhein-Westfalens|Nordrhein-Westfalen]] |
[[Landeswappen Rheinland-Pfalz|Rheinland-Pfalz]] |
[[Landeswappen des Saarlandes|Saarland]] |
[[Landeswappen Sachsens|Sachsen]] |
[[Wappen Sachsen-Anhalts|Sachsen-Anhalt]] |
[[Wappen Schleswig-Holsteins|Schleswig-Holstein]] |
[[Thüringer Landeswappen|Thüringen]] 
Liste der Wappen in:
[[Liste der Wappen in Deutschland|Deutschland]] ||
[[Liste der Wappen in Baden-Württemberg|Baden-Württemberg]] |
[[Liste der Wappen in Bayern|Bayern]] |
[[Liste der Wappen in Berlin|Berlin]] |
[[Liste der Wappen in Brandenburg|Brandenburg]] |
[[Liste der Wappen in Bremen|Bremen]] |
[[Liste der Wappen in Hamburg|Hamburg]] |
[[Liste der Wappen in Hessen|Hessen]] |
[[Liste der Wappen in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern|Mecklenburg-Vorpommern]] |
[[Liste der Wappen in Niedersachsen|Niedersachsen]] |
[[Liste der Wappen in Nordrhein-Westfalen|Nordrhein-Westfalen]] |
[[Liste der Wappen in Rheinland-Pfalz|Rheinland-Pfalz]] |
[[Liste der Wappen im Saarland|Saarland]] |
[[Liste der Wappen in Sachsen|Sachsen]] |
[[Liste der Wappen in Sachsen-Anhalt|Sachsen-Anhalt]] |
[[Liste der Wappen in Schleswig-Holstein|Schleswig-Holstein]] |
[[Liste der Wappen in Thüringen|Thüringen]]
}}
<noinclude>
[[Kategorie:Vorlage:Navigationsleiste Wappen und Flaggen|Wappen Deutschland]]

[[en:Template:German coats of arms]]

</noinclude>

Landeswappen des Saarlandes

2008-08-31T23:15:42Z

16@r: +en

Das '''Landeswappen''' zählt ebenso wie die [[Flagge des Saarlandes|Landesflagge]] zu den [[Hoheitszeichen]] des '''[[Saarland]]es'''. Es wurde durch das Gesetz vom 9. Juli 1956 mit Wirkung zum 1. Januar 1957, dem Datum des Beitrittes des Saarlandes zur Bundesrepublik Deutschland, eingeführt.

== Landeswappen ==
[[Bild:Coa de-saarland 300px.png|thumb|Wappen des Saarlandes]]
=== [[Blasonierung|Beschreibung]] ===
Das Landeswappen hat die Form eines gevierten Halbrundschildes. Es zeigt:
* [[Blasonierung#Heraldisch rechts|rechts]] oben: einen goldgekrönten und rotgezungten silbernen Löwen im blauen Feld, bestreut mit silbernen Kreuzen;
* links oben: ein rotes geschliffenes Kreuz im silbernen Feld;
* rechts unten: drei einen roten Balken belegende, gestümmelte silberne Adler im goldenen Feld;
* links unten: einen rotgekrönten, rotbewehrten und rotgezungten goldenen Löwen im schwarzen Feld.

=== Bedeutung ===
Das Landeswappen zeigt die Symbole der vier bedeutendsten Fürstentümer, die vor 1789 bzw. 1815 große Gebietsteile des heutigen Bundeslandes besaßen:
* den silbernen Löwen der [[Grafschaft Saarbrücken|Grafen von Saarbrücken]], das Feld bestreut mit den silbernen Kreuzen der Grafen von [[Commercy|Saarbrücken-Commercy]]; der silberne Löwe darf nicht mit dem goldenen Löwen der Grafen und Fürsten von [[Haus Nassau|Nassau-Saarbrücken]] verwechselt werden, vgl. dazu das [[Wappen]] des [[Stadtverband Saarbrücken|Stadtverbandes Saarbrücken]];
* das rote, geschliffene Kreuz von [[Kurtrier]];
* das [[Alérion]] aus dem Wappen des [[Herzogtum Lothringen|Herzogtums Lothringen]];
* den [[Pfälzer Löwe|Pfälzer Löwen]] des ehemaligen Herzogtums [[Pfalz-Zweibrücken]].
Siehe dazu den Hauptartikel [[Geschichte des Saarlandes]].
Das Wappen wurde vom Landesarchiv Saarbrücken entworfen.

=== Standarte ===
Auch die [[Stander|Standarte]] („Autoflagge“) der beiden ranghöchsten Politiker des Bundeslandes, des [[Landtagspräsident]]en und des [[Ministerpräsident]]en, trägt das Landeswappen.
<gallery>
Bild:Standarte de-saarland-2.png|Standarte
</gallery>

== Wappenzeichen ==
Die beiden [[Wappenzeichen]] („Logos“) dürfen, im Gegensatz zum offiziellen Landeswappen, von allen Bürgerinnen und Bürgern des Landes kosten- und genehmigungsfrei benutzt werden, um ihre Verbundenheit mit dem Land auszudrücken.<ref>http://www.saarland.de/SID-3E724395-CF78F611/10151.htm</ref> In beiden Fällen bildet eine grafisch reduzierte Version des Landeswappens den Kern des Wappenzeichens.
<gallery>
Bild:Saarland-Logo.PNG|Saarland-Logo
Bild:Saarland-Symbol.png|Saarland-Symbol
</gallery>

== alte Landeswappen ==

=== 1919–1935 ===
Im „Saargebiet“, das durch den [[Versailler Vertrag]] geschaffen worden war, hatte die Regierungskommission am 28. Juli 1920 folgendes Wappen erlassen:
* rechts oben: ein silbernes Zugrad mit gekreuzten Schlägeln im schwarzen Feld aus dem Stadtwappen von [[St. Ingbert]];
* links oben: die rote Rose im silbernen Feld von St. Johann aus dem Stadtwappen von [[Saarbrücken]];
* rechts unten: die aufgehende goldene Sonne über blauen Wolken im silbernen Feld aus dem Stadtwappen von [[Saarlouis]];
* links unten: den silbernen Löwen mit vier Kreuzen im blauen Feld, den Löwen der Grafen von Saarbrücken aus dem Stadtwappen von Saarbrücken.
Die zugehörige Landesflagge zeigte die Farben Blau, Weiß (heraldisch: Silber) und Schwarz.
<gallery>
Bild:Wappen des Saargebietes 1920-1935.png|Wappen des Saargebietes 1920–1935
</gallery>

=== 1947–1956 ===
Nach Artikel 61 der Saarländischen Verfassung vom 15. Dezember 1948 wurde ein Wappen in Anlehnung an die neue Landesflagge, ein weißes [[Skandinavisches Kreuz]] auf blaurotem Grund, geschaffen.
Es stellt einen Schild mit einer roten, vierpfeilerigen Brückenkrone dar, wobei der Schild durch ein silbernes Kreuz gevierteilt ist und die
beiden oberen Felder blau und die unteren rot gehalten sind.
<gallery>
Image:Blason Sarre 1947-1956.svg|Wappen des Saarlandes 1947–1956
</gallery>

== Fußnoten ==
<references />

== Literatur ==
* Kurt Hoppstädter: ''Die Wappen des Saarlandes''. Saarbrücken 1953.
* Hermann Lehne, Horst Kohler: ''Wappen des Saarlandes. Landes- und Kommunalwappen''. Saarbrücken 1981.

== Siehe auch ==
* [[Flagge des Saarlandes]]
* [[Liste der Wappen im Saarland]]
* [[Wappenzeichen in Deutschland]]

{{Navigationsleiste Deutsche Wappen}}

[[Kategorie:Landeswappen|Saarland]]
[[Kategorie:Wappen (Saarland)]]

[[en:Coat of arms of Saarland]]

Second Avenue (Manhattan)

2008-08-25T23:28:54Z

16@r: {{redirect}}

{{redirect|Second Avenue||2nd Avenue (disambiguation)}}
[[Image:Second Avenue in New York by David Shankbone.jpg|thumbnail|250px|Second Avenue]]
'''Second Avenue''' is an [[avenue]] on the East Side of the [[New York City]] [[borough (New York City)|borough]] of [[Manhattan]] extending from [[Houston Street (Manhattan)|Houston Street]] at its south end to the [[Harlem River Drive]] at [[128th Street (Manhattan)|128th Street]] at its north end. A one-way street, [[Automobile|vehicular]] traffic runs only [[downtown]]. A [[bicycle lane]] in the left hand portion from 55th to 34th Street closes a gap in the [[Manhattan Waterfront Greenway]]. Second Avenue passes through a number of Manhattan neighborhoods including (from south to north) the [[Lower East Side, Manhattan|Lower East Side]], [[East Village, Manhattan|East Village]], [[Gramercy, Manhattan|Gramercy Park]], [[Murray Hill, Manhattan|Murray Hill]], [[Upper East Side, Manhattan|Upper East Side]], [[Yorkville, Manhattan|Yorkville]] and [[Spanish Harlem]].

==History==
Downtown Second Avenue in the [[Lower East Side]] was the home to many [[Yiddish theatre]] productions during the early part of the 20th century, and Second Avenue came to be known as 'Yiddish Broadway'. Although the theaters are gone, many traces of Jewish immigrant culture remain, such as [[kosher]] [[delicatessen]]s and [[bakeries]], and the famous [[Second Avenue Deli]] (which closed in 2006, later reopening on East 33rd Street).

The [[Second Avenue Elevated]] train line ran above Second Avenue the full length of the avenue north of [[23rd Street (Manhattan)|23rd Street]], and stood from 1880 until 1942. It was torn down to improve automobile traffic flow and because it was considered by many to be a blight.{{Fact|date=February 2007}} The elevated trains were noisy and often dirty (in the 19th Century they were pulled by soot-spewing steam locomotives). This depressed land values along Second Avenue during the late 19th and early 20th Centuries. Partially because of the presence of the El, most buildings constructed during this era tended to be working class tenements. Second Avenue maintains this modest architectural character today, despite running through a number of high income areas.

A [[Second Avenue Subway]] line has been planned by the New York [[Metropolitan Transportation Authority (New York)|MTA]] since 1919. A subway line under Second Avenue would relieve congestion on the [[IRT Lexington Avenue Line]] ({{NYCS Lexington}}), currently the only line running up the East Side of Manhattan. A few short sections of the line have been completed over the years, with some serving other subway lines (the Grand Street Station is one example), and others simply sitting vacant underground.

{{Avenues of New York City |
West = ''(varies by location)'' [[Third Avenue (Manhattan)|Third Avenue]] [[Midtown Tunnel]] exit |
Avenue = Second Avenue |
East = [[First Avenue (Manhattan)|First Avenue]] |
}}

[[Category:Streets in Manhattan|02]]
[[Category:Yiddish theatre]]

[[fr:Deuxième Avenue]]
[[es:Segunda Avenida (Manhattan)]]
[[he:השדרה השנייה]]

Strasburger

2008-08-23T16:02:30Z

16@r: +en

'''Strasburger''' bezeichnet:

* [[Eduard Strasburger]] (1844–1912), polnisch-deutscher Botaniker
** nach diesem eponym: [[Lehrbuch der Botanik für Hochschulen]]
* [[Hermann Strasburger]] (1909–1985), deutscher Althistoriker
* [[Julius Strasburger]] (1871–1934), deutscher Internist
* [[Stefanie Strasburger]] (* 1964), deutsche Politikerin

'''Siehe auch''': [[Straßburger]]
{{Begriffsklärung}}

[[en:Strasburger]]

Fortschreitende Wüstenbildung

2008-08-13T21:09:31Z

16@r: AZ: Weiterleitung nach Desertifikation erstellt

#REDIRECT [[Desertifikation]]

Sinéad

2008-07-19T14:27:42Z

16@r: /* See also */ {{lookfrom}}

'''Sinéad''' ({{pronEng|ʃɪˈneɪd}} ''shin-ade'') is a female name of [[Irish language|Irish]] origin. It is a derivative of [[Siobhán]] and has the same ultimate Hebrew origin as [[Janet]], [[Jane]] or [[Joanna]], meaning "God is gracious".<ref>{{cite book
| last = Lansky
| first = Bruce
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| title = 35,000+ Baby Names
| publisher = Meadowbrook Press
| date = 1995
| location =
| pages = pp88, 203
| url =
| doi =
| id =
| isbn = 0-88166-216-X}}</ref> Famous persons with this name include [[Sinéad O'Connor]], [[Sinéad de Valera]], [[Sinéad Cusack]] and [[Sinéad Lohan]].

==See also==
*{{lookfrom}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Given names]]
[[Category:Irish given names]]

{{given-name-stub}}

Kite

2008-06-29T22:37:11Z

16@r: +en

Es gibt folgende Bedeutungen für '''Kite''':

* Kite ist der englische Begriff für [[Drachen]]
* Kite ist ein japanischer Anime-Film: [[Kite (Film)]]
* eine Stadt in den Vereinigten Staaten, siehe [[Kite (Georgia)]]

{{Begriffsklärung}}

[[en:Kite (disambiguation)]]
[[fr:Kite]]

Reggiani

2008-06-21T14:19:55Z

16@r: +en

'''Reggiani''' ist der Nachname folgender Personen:

* [[Loris Reggiani]] (* 1959), italienischer Motorradrennfahrer
* [[Serge Reggiani]] (1922–2004), französischer Schauspieler und Chansonnier

{{Begriffsklärung}}

[[en:Reggiani]]
[[fr:Reggiani]]

Institut national de l’audiovisuel

2008-05-07T16:12:16Z

16@r: {{redirect}}

{{Redirect|INA}}
{{Infobox Société|nom officiel = Institut national de l’audiovisuel
|logo = [[Image:Logo ina.png|200px]]
|slogan =
|forme juridique = [[Établissement public à caractère industriel et commercial]]
|date de création = {{Date|6|janvier|1975}}
|date de disparition =
|dates-clés =
|siège (ville) = [[Paris]] - [[Bry-sur-Marne]] {{France}} [[Bibliothèque François-Mitterrand]]
|siège (pays) =
|fondateur =
|direction actuelle =
|personnages-clés =
|secteurs d'activités = Audio-Visuel
|produits =
|société mère =
|société sœur =
|filiales =
|actionnaires =
|concurrents =
|effectif =
|chiffre d'affaires =
|somme du bilan (banques) =
|primes brut (assurances) =
|résultat net =
|fonds propres = [[Redevance audiovisuelle]]
|dette =
|capitalisation boursière =
|site web = http://www.ina.fr/
}}
L''''Institut national de l'audiovisuel''' ('''Ina''') est un [[établissement public à caractère industriel et commercial]] [[France|français]], chargé notamment d'archiver toutes les productions radiophoniques et audiovisuelles françaises, de la même manière que le fait la [[bibliothèque nationale de France]] (BnF) avec les écrits.

== Historique ==

Article 3 de la loi du 7 août 1974 : l''''Institut national de l'audiovisuel''' est chargé « de la conservation des archives, des recherches de création audiovisuelle et de la formation professionnelle ».

Créé par la réforme de l'audiovisuel menée en [[1974]] et mis en place le [[6 janvier]] [[1975]], le cadre général, [[Loi|législatif]], réglementaire et financier dans lequel l'Ina assure ses missions est fixé par l'État. Il dispose du pouvoir de contrôle sur ses activités, notamment à travers la présence de représentants de l'État et de parlementaires au [[conseil d'administration]], la réponse à des questions parlementaires, enquêtes et rapports. Il reçoit pour financer ses activités une partie de la [[Redevance audiovisuelle]].

En 1992, la loi du 20 juin étend le [[Dépôt légal]] à la télévision et à la radio, et c'est l'Ina qui est le dépositaire. Cette loi donne naissance en 1995 à l'[[Inathèque]], chargée de la conservation et de la mise à la disposition des archives du dépôt légal aux [[chercheur]]s et [[étudiant]]s. Son ouverture au public est effective en octobre 1998, au [[rez-de-jardin]] de la [[Bibliothèque François-Mitterrand]].

En 2002, le dépôt légal est étendu aux chaînes du [[Télévision par câble|câble]] et du [[Télévision par satellite|satellite]], puis en 2005, à la [[télévision numérique terrestre]].

À partir de septembre 2006, l'Ina est chargé de l'archivage de 17 chaînes de radio et 45 chaînes de télévision, soit une croissance de son fonds d'archives de plus de 300 000 heures par an.

Suite à un travail de numérisation de ses archives, le [[27 avril]] [[2006]] à travers l'opération ''Archives pour tous'', l'Ina a mis en ligne sur son site 100 000 archives représentant 10 000 heures de programmes : 80% des archives disponibles sur ce site est proposé en visionnage gratuit, l'internaute pouvant visionner les premières minutes des 20% restant. Le téléchargement est payant suivant différentes formules (location ou achat du programme).
En [[2015]], l'Ina devrait avoir numérisé l'intégralité de ses [[archives]].

=== Présidents ===

* [[Pierre Emmanuel]] : 1975-1979
* [[Gabriel de Broglie]] : 1979-1981
* [[Joël Le Tac]] : 1981-1983
* [[Jacques Pomonti]] : 1983-1987
* [[Janine Langlois-Glandier]] : 1987-1990
* [[Georges Fillioud]] : 1990-1994
* [[Jean-Pierre Teyssier]] : 1994-1999
* [[Francis Beck]] : 1999 - janvier 2001
* [[Emmanuel Hoog]] : depuis janvier 2001, renouvelé en décembre 2006

== Missions ==
=== Centre d’archives audiovisuelles et banque d’archives numérisées ===

L’Ina '''collecte''', '''sauvegarde''', '''numérise''', '''restaure''' et '''communique''' les archives de la radio et de la télévision françaises, soit plus de 70 ans de programmes radio et 60 ans de télévision.

Avec 3 millions d’heures de radio et de télévision conservées, et plus d’un million de documents photographiques, les fonds d’archives de l’Ina sont parmi les plus importants au monde.

Feuilletons, téléfilms, documentaires, journaux télévisés, magazines d’actualité, de sport, émissions de divertissement, entretiens, fictions radiophoniques, concerts… sans oublier les archives régionales, représentent une source d’archives pour la '''production''', la '''diffusion''', l’'''édition''', mais aussi la '''recherche''', l’'''éducation''' et désormais pour le '''grand public''' en accès direct.

L’Ina peut acquérir ou accueillir des '''fonds privés''' (en assurant leur conservation et éventuellement leur commercialisation), cependant sa mission principale est de collecter et de conserver deux types de fonds :

* '''au titre de l’archivage professionnel''', les chaînes publiques hertziennes de radio et de télévision depuis 1945 (lois de 1974, 1982, 1986 et 2000) : 1 400 000 heures fin 2006, dont 700 000 heures de radio et 700 000 heures de télévision,

* '''au titre du dépôt légal de la radio et de la télévision françaises''', les programmes provenant de l’ensemble des diffuseurs nationaux hertziens de radio et de télévision depuis 1995 (loi du 20 juin 1992) et depuis janvier 2002, des chaînes du câble et du satellite : 1 900 000 heures fin 2006, dont 1 100 000 heures de radio et 800 000 heures de télévision. Les archives dites du « dépôt légal » ne peuvent pas être commercialisées, elles peuvent seulement être consultées pour des travaux de recherche.

'''Collecter près de 300 000 heures de programmes de radio et de télévision par an.'''

L’Ina a mis en place une politique de '''captation numérique''' des images et des sons qui, progressivement, permet de collecter des fonds de plus en plus importants.
En 2009, seront captées 100 chaînes de télévision et 20 chaînes de radio.

'''Sauvegarder et numériser les programmes menacés de disparition.'''

Parallèlement à la collecte, l’Ina assure la conservation physique de ce patrimoine audiovisuel français dont les supports, souvent uniques, se dégradent inexorablement au fil du temps.
En 1999, l’Ina a lancé un '''plan de sauvegarde et de numérisation''' (PSN) qui a déjà permis de numériser 300 000 heures de programmes radio et télévision. D’ici 2015, l’ensemble des fonds en danger (835 000 heures) sera traité sous peine de disparition définitive. Le coût total de ce plan sur 15 ans représente 200 millions d’euros. La France sera ainsi le seul pays au monde à avoir sauvé sa mémoire audiovisuelle.

'''Restaurer cette mémoire.'''

La demande croissante d’images de bonne qualité et la dégradation du fonds ancien rendent nécessaire le traitement curatif des matériels films, vidéo et sons dégradés. Plus de 500 heures sont restaurées chaque année grâce aux logiciels développés en interne en lien avec les équipes de chercheurs.

'''Communiquer cette mémoire :'''

* '''accès professionnel'''
Pour faciliter la commercialisation des archives aux professionnels, tant en [[France]] qu’à l’international, l’Ina s’est engagé, en complément de la numérisation de ses fonds, dans une opération de '''thématisation'''. Plus de 300 corpus thématiques sont disponibles dans les rubriques : politique, événements, société, culture, spectacles, sports, personnalités…
Depuis février 2004, l’Ina propose aux professionnels '''inamediapro.com''' [http://www.inamediapro.com], première banque mondiale d’archives audiovisuelles numérisées et accessibles en ligne, soit 300 000 heures d’archives et 3 millions de notices documentaires.
En 2005, '''inamediapro.com''' a reçu le prix [[Focal Award]] ([[Federation of Commercial Audiovisual Libraries]]) de la meilleure banque professionnelle d'images au monde.

* '''accès scientifique'''
'''Le centre de consultation de l’[[Inathèque]] de France''', installé au rez-de-jardin de la [[Bibliothèque nationale de France]] (BnF), met à la disposition des chercheurs, des enseignants et des étudiants, via un ensemble de Stations de Lecture Audiovisuelle (SLAV), les fonds d’archives constitués au titre du dépôt légal de la radio et de la télévision françaises. D'ici 2009, ces fonds pourront également être consultés dans les délégations régionales de l’Ina, à [[Strasbourg]], [[Lyon]], [[Marseille]], [[Toulouse]], [[Rennes]] et [[Lille]].
L’[[Inathèque]] de France organise également des ateliers de réflexion (''[[Le Collège iconique]]''), des colloques (''[[Les rencontres Ina-Sorbonne]]'') et des rendez-vous mensuels (''[[Les lundis de l'Ina]]'') consacrés au rôle joué par les médias dans notre société.

* '''accès institutionnel et grand public'''
L’Ina développe une politique de '''valorisation des archives à des fins éducatives et culturelles''' et initie pour cela de nombreux partenariats. Au travers de nombreux projets, l’Ina travaille sur la notion d’éducation à l’image et favorise par ailleurs la diffusion du patrimoine sous des formes variées au sein de festivals, rétrospectives, expositions, musées ou autres événements culturels.

Depuis le 27 avril 2006, le grand public a un accès direct, en simple consultation ou en téléchargement, à plus de 100 000 émissions de télévision et de radio sur '''ina.fr''' [http://www.ina.fr/archivespourtous].
Ce site propose des accès notamment par mots clés, dates, genres et thèmes. Il offre 13 000 heures d'archives audiovisuelles sur plus d'une centaine de personnalités comme l'[[abbé Pierre]], [[Simone Veil]], [[Jean Rochefort]] ou [[Yannick Noah]]. Des dossiers sont accessibles sur des grands thèmes comme [[Mai 68]], le conflit au [[Proche-Orient]] ou le [[Quinze de France]]. Près de 1000 heures d'émissions emblématiques du patrimoine audiovisuel comme ''[[Cinq colonnes à la une]]'', ''[[Les coulisses de l'exploit]]'' ou ''[[Apostrophes]]'' peuvent également être consultées, mais aussi l'intégrale du procès [[Papon]], ''[[Les Maîtres du mystère]]''...
Des fonds historiques sont mis à disposition du grand public, ainsi que des fictions (''[[Maigret]]'', ''[[Les cinq dernières minutes]]''...), des divertissements et magazines (''[[Age tendre et tête de bois]]'', ''[[Droit de réponse]]''…), du sport (le [[tennis]] avec ''[[Roland Garros]]'', le [[cyclisme]] avec le ''[[Tour de France (cyclisme)]]'', le [[rugby]]), des journaux télévisés et les programmes des [[Actualités Françaises]].

Cette offre doit s’enrichir de 5000 heures par an et s'étendre avec l'ouverture régulière de sites thématiques :

* le 4 octobre 2006 au domaine pédagogique avec '''Apprendre''' [http://www.ina.fr/archivespourtous/index.php?vue=apecole], un nouvel outil éducatif audiovisuel en ligne, qui comprend notamment les [[Jalons pour l'histoire du temps présent]] [http://www.ina.fr/jalons] développé en partenariat avec le [[Ministère de l'Education Nationale]],

* en février 2007 à la politique avec '''Les présidentielles''' [http://www.ina.fr/elections], élections, candidats, enjeux, débats depuis 1946,

* en avril 2007 au cinéma avec '''Chroniques d'un festival''' [http://www.ina-festivaldecannes.com], 60 ans de mémoire audiovisuelle du [[Festival de Cannes]] (existe aussi en version anglaise [http://www.ina-festivaldecannes.com/index.php?lng=en]),

* en juin 2007 à la chanson avec '''Place aux chansons''' [http://chansons.ina.fr], 50 ans de tubes à la télévision française.

* en septembre 2007, au [[rugby]] [http://rugby.ina.fr], à l'occasion de la Coupe du Monde.

* en février 2008, aux discours du [[général de Gaulle]] avec '''Charles de Gaulle - paroles publiques''' [http://degaulle.ina.fr], à l'occasion de l'ouverture de l'[[Historial Charles de Gaulle]] aux [[Invalides]].

* en mars 2008, aux images de [[Mai 68]] en France et dans le monde avec '''Mai 68, la révolution en images''' [http://mai68.ina.fr], pour les 40 ans des événements.

=== Recherche et expérimentation sur l'image et le son ===

Dès sa création, l'Ina a eu en charge la recherche, rapidement orientée vers la mise au point d'images de synthèse utilisées notamment par l'industrie française du dessin animé.

De 1982 à 2000, l'Ina a créé et piloté le salon [[Imagina]], un rendez-vous annuel pour les professionnels de l'audiovisuel numérique.

Désormais, 95% de cette recherche est tournée vers la préservation du patrimoine audiovisuel. Ainsi, l'Ina est impliqué dans de grands projets de recherche et d’expérimentation pour la sauvegarde et la protection des images et des sons et développe des outils numériques nécessaires à la restauration, l’indexation et le marquage des documents audiovisuels.

L'Ina s'associe à des entreprise publiques et privées ([[Commissariat à l'énergie atomique|CEA]], [[France Télécom]], [[thomson (entreprise française)|Thomson]], [[Thalès]]…), des universités et des centres de recherche français et étrangers.
Depuis février 2004, le projet européen de recherche '''[[Prestospace]]''', qui vise à développer des solutions intégrées et une approche industrielle pour les travaux de sauvegarde et de numérisation des archives audiovisuelles, est coordonné par l'Institut.
L’Ina est aussi impliqué dans le développement de systèmes de classement et de recherche des contenus multimédias, de techniques de marquage des images permettant de les tracer, d'outils de navigation visant à faciliter la consultation des archives.
Il participe aussi à des projets internationaux : le pôle de compétitivité '''[[Île-de-France]] [[Cap Digital]]''', la [[bibliothèque numérique européenne]], '''[[Quaero]]''' (projet européen de moteur de recherche multimédia)...

Au sein de ce laboratoire, le '''[[Groupe de recherches musicales]]''' (GRM) est un lieu de recherche, de création et de conservation dans les domaines du son enregistré et des [[musiques électroacoustiques]].

=== Producteur et éditeur de programmes audiovisuels et multimédia ===

L’Ina produit et édite des programmes audiovisuels et multimédia pour le paysage audiovisuel français et international.

Depuis trente ans, l'Ina a produit plus de 2000 œuvres (soit 1800 heures de programmes) : 1500 ont été diffusées à la télévision et 200 films ont été sélectionnés dans des festivals internationaux.
Ces productions (ou co-productions) concernent des figures historiques (''[[Dante]]''), politiques (''[[Moi, Fidel Castro]]''), scientifiques (''[[Claude Lévi-Strauss]]'') ou artistiques (''[[Chagall]]''), des moments historiques (''[[La saga des immigrés]]'', ''[[Une histoire de langue française]]'') ou des sujets de société (''[[Grandir au collège]]'')…

L'Ina étend également sa production aux domaines éducatifs, pédagogiques et multimédias : avec [[France 5]] pour le développement du site internet ''[[Côté profs]]'' pour les enseignants, avec des éditeurs scolaires pour la création de cartables électroniques, ou en participant à la conception de l'Espace numérique des savoirs, le portail éducatif du [[ministère de l'Éducation nationale]].
Son studio hypermédia [http://www.ina.fr/entreprise/activites/production-edition/studio-hypermedia.html] est à l’origine d'innovations en matière de programmes interactifs mettant en scène les archives de l’Ina, comme les ''fresques interactives'' [http://www.ina.fr/archivespourtous/index.php?vue=fresque_interactive] dont [[Les Jalons pour l’histoire du temps présent]] [http://www.ina.fr/jalons], et ''les entretiens interactifs'' [http://www.ina.fr/archivespourtous/index.php?vue=entretien].

Par ailleurs, l’Ina édite ou co-édite des collections sonores ou vidéo retraçant les grandes heures de la radio et de la télévision.
En radio, la collection ''[[Ina mémoire vive]]'' regroupe des récitals de musique classique, des discours, entretiens, lectures ou conférences avec des personnalités ([[André Malraux]], [[Pierre Mendès France]], [[Georges Pompidou]], [[Michel Foucault]]…).
En télévision, de nombreuses collections sont consacrées à des émissions emblêmatiques : ''[[Les grands entretiens]] de [[Bernard Pivot]]'', coédités avec [[Gallimard]] et comprenant notamment des entretiens avec [[Marguerite Yourcenar]], [[Julien Green]], [[Marguerite Duras]], [[Françoise Dolto]] ou [[Albert Cohen]]. Une collection humoristique est consacrée à des émissions comme le ''[[Petit théâtre de Bouvard]]'', les ''[[Shadoks]]'' ou ''[[Bonne nuit les petits]]''.

Depuis plus de 10 ans, l'Ina édite aussi des vidéos pour un public scolaire sur des thèmes comme la musique, le cinéma, l'histoire, la civilisation...
La plupart des éditions concernent la littérature (adaptations, analyses d'œuvres, biographies, portraits, œuvres théâtrales...). Il existe également un DVD interactif ''Apprendre la TV : le JT''.

Chaque année, les établissements scolaires et les médiathèques commandent en moyenne 2500 documents. Les sujets et les titres les plus demandés sont : ''[[Albert Camus]]'', ''[[Vipère au poing]]'', ''[[Le Jeu de l'amour et du hasard]]'', ''[[Eugénie Grandet]]'', ''[[L'Affaire Calas]]'', ''La Prise du pouvoir par [[Louis XIV de France|Louis XIV]]''.

=== Centre européen de formation aux métiers de l’audiovisuel et du numérique ===

L'Ina est un des acteurs européens de l'enseignement professionnel sur les métiers de l'image et du son. Il organise près de '''50 000 jours / stagiaires par an''', soit plus de 230 stages et 200 formations "sur mesure". L'institut développe une activité de formation initiale grâce à des partenariats nationaux et européens. Depuis octobre 2007, '''[[Ina’Sup]]''', l’école supérieure de l’audiovisuel et du numérique, propose deux masters : '''Productions-éditions audiovisuelles et numérique''' et '''Gestion et conservation des patrimoines audiovisuels et numériques'''.

=== Rôle à l'international ===

Pionnier en matière de numérisation, l'Ina intervient dans d'autres pays afin de conseiller les entreprises et institutions dans leur travail de sauvegarde des archives audiovisuelles.
L'Ina poursuit en parallèle des missions des solidarité, comme en [[Afghanistan]] et au [[Cambodge]], afin d'aider ces pays à reconstruire leur mémoire audiovisuelle.

L'institut est membre de la [[Fédération Internationale des Archives de Télévision]] ([[FIAT/IFTA]]) [http://www.fiatifta.org/], qui regroupe près de 180 institutions d'archivage dans 70 pays.
Fin 2004, la [[FIAT/IFTA]] a lancé un appel international pour la sauvegarde du patrimoine audiovisuel mondial.

== Les archives de l’Ina ==

Les fonds de l'Ina (plus de 2,5 millions d'heures d'archives au total) regroupent la mémoire sonore et visuelle de plus de 60 ans de notre histoire, répartie dans six grandes collections : '''le fonds cinéma, le fonds national de télévision, le fonds radio, le fonds photo, les fonds régionaux et le fonds du dépôt légal'''.

=== Le fonds cinéma ===

Trente ans d'actualités :

* '''les "[[Actualités Françaises]]" filmées entre 1940 et 1969''' : diffusées chaque semaine dans les salles de cinéma, elle montre entre autres le point de vue de l'[[Allemagne]] et du [[gouvernement de Vichy]] sur les opérations militaires, la vie quotidienne en [[zone occupée]] et le [[Débarquement]].

* '''les reportages du magazine ''Ici la France''''' consacrés aux [[Forces françaises libres]] ([[Forces françaises libres|FFL]]) et des tournages réalisés par les Alliés à [[Londres]], en [[Afrique]], au [[Moyen-Orient]], en [[Corse]] et en [[Afrique du Nord]] entre 1940 et 1944.

* '''le fonds de la Coopérative générale du cinéma français''', soit 18 films produits entre 1944 et 1963, 12 documentaires et 6 longs métrages. Exemple : [[La Bataille du rail]] de [[René Clément]], primé au premier [[Festival de Cannes]] de l'après-guerre en 1946.

=== Le fonds national de télévision ===

* '''Les actualités nationales ou fonds "actualités"''' : les journaux télévisés, les émissions et débats politiques, les magazines d'information, de reportages, les magazines et retransmissions sportives, diffusés par la [[Radiodiffusion-télévision française|Radio Télévision Française]] ([[Radiodiffusion-télévision française|RTF]]) puis l'[[ORTF]], et la télévision publique aujourd'hui. Exemple : le premier [[journal télévisé]] créé par [[Pierre Sabbagh]] le 26 juin 1949.

* '''Le fonds dit de "Production"''' : les programmes nationaux de la télévision publique depuis la [[Radiodiffusion-télévision française|RTF]] jusqu'à aujourd'hui, il couvre tous les genres télévisuels : téléfilms, séries, feuilletons, documentaires, émissions de divertissement, jeux, dessins animés, magazines culturels ou de société, retransmissions d'événements sportifs, de pièces de théâtre, de concerts... ainsi que les émissions produites ou coproduites depuis 1975 par l'Ina. Exemple : le premier [[Tour de France (cyclisme)|Tour de France]], les premières émissions de débat (''[[Problème de gouvernement]]'', ''[[Liberté de l'esprit]]''), les allocutions du [[Général de Gaulle]], ainsi que les émissions ''[[À armes égales (émission télévisée)|À armes égales]]'' ou ''[[Cinq colonnes à la une]]''. D'autres émissions célèbres des années 1980-1990, comme ''[[Apostrophes]]'', ''[[Champs-Élysées]]'', ''[[Stade 2]]'' ou ''[[Téléfoot]]'', y sont conservées.

=== Le fonds radio ===

Les premiers enregistrements radiophoniques remontent à 1933 (discours de personnalités comme [[Léon Blum|Blum]], [[Paul Reynaud]], [[Daladier]]…). Pour la période de la [[Seconde Guerre mondiale]], 4000 enregistrements sonores proviennent des radios qui émettaient depuis [[Paris]] (zone occupée), [[Vichy]] (zone libre) ou de l'extérieur (la [[Résistance intérieure française|Résistance]]). Après la Guerre, une collecte des émissions a été organisée : des entretiens avec des artistes ([[Breton]], [[Claudel]], [[Giono]]…), des concerts de l'Orchestre national du [[théâtre des Champs-Elysées]], des émissions de variétés ou d'information culturelle (''[[Rendez-vous à cinq heures]]'', ''[[Dimanche dans un fauteuil]]'', ''[[Radioscopie]]'', ''[[Les grandes enquêtes]]''…).

Dès 1975, le fonds est alimenté quotidiennement par les émissions de [[Radio France]] : ''[[Le pays d'ici]]'', ''[[Les mardis du théâtre ou du cinéma]]'', ''[[L'Histoire en direct]]'' sur [[France Culture]] ; ''[[Le Masque et la Plume]]'', ''[[Rue des Entrepreneurs]]'', ''[[L'oreille en coin]]'', ''[[Le téléphone sonne]]'' sur [[France Inter]] ; ''[[Euphonia]]'', ''[[Le matin des musiciens]]'' sur [[France Musique]].

=== Le fonds photo ===

Évalué à environ 1,5 million de photographies, datant pour les plus anciennes des années 1950, ce fonds témoigne des prémices de la télévision, quand les émissions avaient lieu en direct et n'étaient ni enregistrées, ni archivées : des reportages sur les tournages, le travail des équipes techniques, des réalisateurs et des artistes, des portraits de personnalités, et des reportages retraçant la vie quotidienne en France entre 1961 et 1974.

=== Les fonds régionaux ===

Six délégations régionales conservent les programmes des radios et des télévisions publiques régionales. Chaque délégation valorise en moyenne 50 000 heures d'archives (radio et télévision) datant, pour les plus anciennes, des années 1950.

* '''Ina Nord''', créé en 1977 à [[Lille]], couvre les régions [[Nord-Pas-de-Calais]], [[Picardie]], [[Basse-Normandie|Basse]] et [[Haute-Normandie]] (soit 10 départements) : la mine, les industries sidérurgiques et textiles, le tunnel sous la [[Manche (mer)|Manche]], des personnalités comme [[Pierre Mauroy]], [[Jacques Brel]], [[Annie Cordy]]…

* '''Ina Méditerranée''', créé en 1982 à [[Marseille]], couvre les régions [[Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur]] et [[Corse]] (soit 8 départements) : le cinéma, le [[festival de Cannes]], le [[festival d'Avignon]], l'[[Olympique de Marseille]] (OM), les portraits d'[[Edmonde Charles-Roux]], [[Gaston Deferre]]...

* '''Ina Pyrénées''', créé en 1984 à [[Toulouse]], couvre les régions [[Midi-Pyrénées]], [[Languedoc-Roussillon]] et [[Aquitaine]] (soit 18 départements) : l'[[aéronautique]] et l'espace, le [[canal du Midi]], le [[rugby]], la [[tauromachie]]...

* '''Ina Centre Est''', créé en 1993 à [[Lyon]], couvre les régions [[Rhône-Alpes]], [[Auvergne]], [[Bourgogne]] et [[Franche-Comté]] (soit 20 départements) : le [[Rhône]], l'[[Olympique lyonnais]] (OL), la gastronomie, la montagne...

* '''Ina Grand Est''', créé en 1994 à [[Strasbourg]], couvre les régions [[Alsace-Lorraine]] et [[Champagne-Ardenne]] (soit 10 départements) : des émissions en alsacien, l'[[Europe]]...

* '''Ina Atlantique''', créé en 1997 à [[Rennes]], couvre les régions [[Bretagne]], [[Pays de Loire]], [[Poitou-Charentes]] et [[Limousin]] (soit 16 départements) : l'océan, les ports, la pêche, les îles, les phares...

=== Le fonds du dépôt légal ===

* '''La Télévision nationale hertzienne''' : [[TF1]], [[France 2]], [[France 3]], [[Canal +]], [[M6]], [[Arte]], [[France 5]]. Du 1{{er}} janvier 1995 au 1{{er}} janvier 2002, il s'agit du dépôt des programmes d'origine française en première diffusion, et un échantillonnage pour les journaux télévisés, les jeux et les retransmissions sportives. Il existe aussi un dépôt de 7 journées témoins chaque année reprenant l'intégralité d'une journée de diffusion pour toutes les chaînes. Depuis le 1{{er}} janvier 2002, tous les programmes sont collectés 24 heures sur 24.

* '''La Télévision du câble et du satellite'''. Depuis le 1{{er}} janvier 2002, l'enregistrement concerne 12 chaînes : [[Canal J]], [[Canal Jimmy]], [[Euronews]], [[Eurosport]], [[La Chaîne Info|LCI]], [[MCM (chaîne musicale)|MCM]], [[Paris Première]], [[Planète]], [[RTL 9]], [[Série Club]], [[TMC Monte Carlo|TMC]], [[TV5]]. Depuis le 1{{er}} septembre 2003, la collecte s'est étendue à 22 autres chaînes : [[13ème rue]], [[AN Moteurs]], [[Animaux (chaîne de télévision)|Animaux]], [[La Chaîne météo]], [[Chasse et Pêche]], [[demain.TV]], [[Encyclopédia]], [[Equidia]], [[Escales]], [[Festival]], [[Fun TV]], [[Histoire]], [[La chaîne parlementaire]] et [[Public Sénat]], [[Mangas]], [[Mezzo (chaîne de télévision)|Mezzo]], [[RFM TV]], [[Seasons]], [[Sport +]], [[Télétoon (France)|Télétoon]], [[Téva]], [[Toute l'Histoire]].

* '''La Télévision numérique terrestre''' ([[Télévision numérique terrestre|TNT]]). Depuis mars 2005, la collecte des chaînes diffusées en clair concerne [[Direct8]], [[NT1]], [[NRJ 12]], [[France 4]], [[W9]] et [[TMC Monte Carlo|TMC]]. Depuis octobre 2005, [[I-Télé]], [[Europe 2 TV]], [[Gulli]] et [[BFM TV]] font aussi partie de cette collecte.

* '''Un fonds vidéo-musiques''' : 3500 documents constitués de clips musicaux d'origine française en première diffusion depuis le 1{{er}} janvier 1995.

* '''Un fonds publicité''' : 10 000 documents par an intégrant des spots publicitaires en première diffusion française depuis le 1{{er}} janvier 1995.

* '''Un fonds du Service d'observation des programmes''' : 67 500 documents regroupant l'enregistrement intégral des programmes des chaînes nationales hertziennes de 1986 à 2001 pour [[TF1]], [[France 2]] et [[France 3]] ; de 1992 à 2001 pour [[Canal +]], [[Arte]] et [[M6]].

* '''Un fonds radio''' : depuis le 1{{er}} janvier 1995, les programmes diffusés sur les cinq stations de Radio France ([[France Inter]], [[France Musique]], [[France Culture]], [[France Info]] et [[France Bleue]]) sont intégralement enregistrés. Depuis le 1{{er}} janvier 2001, la collecte est étendue à [[Radio France internationale|RFI]], aux radios privées généralistes et aux réseaux thématiques nationaux. 11 radios sont ainsi concernées : [[Europe 1]], [[RTL (France)]], [[RMC]], [[Europe 2]], [[Fun Radio]], [[RTL2]], [[NRJ]], [[Chérie FM]], [[Nostalgie (radio)|Nostalgie]], [[RFM]], [[Skyrock]].

* '''Un fonds de documentation écrite''' : il s'agit d'un fonds d'ouvrages, de périodiques, de rapports, de thèses et de publications de recherche comme, des grilles de programmes, des dossiers de presse, des ouvrages consacrés aux médias ou des périodiques.

== À savoir ==

* Le plus vieux document de l'Ina date de 1891 : c'est la voix de [[Gustave Eiffel]].

* Le [[Général de Gaulle]] est la personnalité la plus demandée dans les archives de l'Ina.

* La première apparition des [[Rolling Stones]] à la télévision française date de 1964 dans l'émission ''[[Quoi de neuf]]'' présentée par [[Denise Fabre]].

* Il faudrait '''300 ans non stop''' pour voir et écouter toutes les archives de l'Ina.

* Lors du premier jour de mise en ligne d'[http://www.ina.fr/archivespourtous '''ina.fr'''], 6 millions et demi de visiteurs se sont connectés. Les documents les plus visionnés sont les ''[[Shadoks]]'' et [[Mai 68]].

* On reconnaît les archives de l'Ina grâce au logo blanc Ina présent sur les images. Cependant, la loi interdit de « sigler » une œuvre sans l'accord des auteurs.

* En 2006, pour une redevance de 116€, l'Ina percevait 3,25€ ; le groupe [[France Télévision]] : 78,61€ ; [[Arte]] : 8,75€, [[Radio France]] : 21,23€ et [[Radio France internationale|RFI]] : 2,39€.

* D'autres pays ont aussi un système de dépôt légal de la radio et de la télévision : les [[États-Unis]], le [[Danemark]], la [[Finlande]], la [[Norvège]], la [[Hongrie]], l'[[Islande]], la [[Suède]] et le [[Royaume-Uni]].

* Des réflexions sur le dépôt légal d'[[internet]] sont en cours. Il devrait être mis en place à l'horizon 2008 sous l'égide de l'Ina pour sa partie audiovisuelle.

* '''Disparitions d'archives''' : lors d'un entretien dans l'émission d'[[Antoine Perraud]], ''Jeux d'archives'' ([[France Culture]], 31 mars 2007), [[William Karel]] fait remarquer que certains documents audiovisuels et des notices se rapportant à [[de Gaulle]] ou à la [[guerre d'Algérie]] ont disparu de l'Ina.

== Voir aussi ==

* L'[[Inathèque]] de France
* Le [[Groupe de recherches musicales]] de l'Ina
* La revue ''[[Médiamorphoses]]''
* [[Emmanuel Hoog]]
* La [[Bibliothèque nationale de France]]
* Le [[Centre national de la cinématographie]]

=== Le site institutionnel ===

* {{fr}} [http://www.ina.fr/ Site institutionnel de l'Ina]

===Les sites d'archives en ligne===
* {{fr}} [http://www.ina.fr/archivespourtous/ Archives pour tous] Les archives de l'Ina en ligne
* {{fr}} [http://www.ina.fr/elections Les Présidentielles] Élections, candidats, enjeux, débats depuis 1946
* {{fr}} [http://www.ina-festivaldecannes.com Chroniques d'un festival] Mémoires audiovisuelles du Festival de Cannes
* {{en}} [http://www.ina-festivaldecannes.com/index.php?lng=en Tales of a festival] Remembering Cannes in sound and picture
* {{fr}} [http://chansons.ina.fr Place aux chansons] Les plus belles heures de la chanson diffusées à la télévision française
* {{fr}} [http://degaulle.ina.fr Charles de Gaulle - paroles publiques] Le site de référence des discours audiovisuels de Charles de Gaulle
* {{fr}} [http://mai68.ina.fr Mai 68, la révolution en images] Les images et les sons de Mai 68 en France et dans le monde

===Le sport sur ina.fr===
* {{fr}} [http://www.ina.fr/rolandgarros Roland Garros sur ina.fr]
* {{fr}} [http://www.ina.fr/tour-de-france Le Tour de France sur ina.fr]

===Articles===
* {{fr}} [http://www.clubic.com/article-34863-1-quand-l-ina-fait-ses-premiers-pas-sur-le-web.html ''Quand l'Ina nous ouvre ses portes'']
* {{fr}} [http://television.telerama.fr/television/M0706191249315.html ''Le gardien du temps''] Télérama, 23 juin 2007

{{Portail droit}}

[[Catégorie:Radio en France]]
[[Catégorie:Télévision française]]
[[Catégorie:Établissement public à caractère industriel et commercial]]
[[Catégorie:Droit de la communication]]

[[en:Institut national de l'audiovisuel]]
[[it:Institut national de l'audiovisuel]]
[[ja:フランス国立視聴覚研究所]]

Picturesque

2008-05-05T11:09:08Z

16@r: +fr

'''Picturesque''' is an [[aesthetic]] ideal first introduced into English cultural debate in 1782 by [[William Gilpin (clergyman)|William Gilpin]] in ''Observations of the River Wye, and Several Parts of South Wales, etc. Relative Chiefly to Picturesque Beauty; made in the Summer of the Year 1770'', a practical book which instructed England's leisured travelers to examine "the face of a country by the rules of picturesque beauty". Picturesque, along with the aesthetic and cultural strands of Gothic and Celticism, was a part of the emerging [[Romanticism|Romantic]] sensibility of the 18th century.

As the title of Gilpin's work suggests, picturesque needs to be explained in terms of its relationship to two other aesthetic ideals: those of the ''[[beauty|beautiful]]'' and the ''[[sublime (philosophy)|sublime]]''. By the last third of the 18th century, Enlightenment rationalist ideas about aestheticism were being challenged by looking at the experiences of beauty and sublimity as being non-rational (instinctual). Aesthetic experience was not just a rational decision - one did not look at a pleasing curved form and decide it was beautiful - rather it was a matter of basic human instinct and came naturally. Edmund Burke in his 1757 ''Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and the Beautiful'' said the soft gentle curves appealed, he thought, to the male sexual desire, while the sublime horrors appealed to our desires for self-preservation.<ref name="Buzzard">James Buzard (2001). "The Grand Tour and after (1660-1840)". In ''The Cambridge Companion to Travel Writing''.</ref> Picturesque arose as a mediator between the opposed ideals of beauty and the sublime, showing the possibilities that existed in between these two rationally idealized states. As [[Thomas Gray]] wrote in 1765 of the Scottish Highlands "The mountains are ecstatic.. None but.. God know how to join so much beauty with so much horror." <ref name="Buzzard" />. See also [[William Gilpin (clergyman)#Gilpin and the picturesque|Gilpin and the picturesque]].

==Background==
[[Image:Turner Tintern1.jpg|thumb|190px|right|''The Chancel and Crossing of Tintern Abbey, Looking towards the East Window'' by [[J. M. W. Turner]], 1794]]
During the mid 18th century the idea of purely scenic pleasure touring began to take hold among the English leisured class. Gilpin's work was a direct challenge to the ideology of the well established [[Grand Tour]], showing how an exploration of rural Britain could compete with classically oriented tours of the Continent.<ref name="Hooper">Glenn Hooper (2001). "The Isles/Ireland". In ''The Cambridge Companion to Travel Writing''.</ref> The irregular, anti-classical, ruins and even ruined people - the ragged poor (viewed from a safe distance of course) - became sought after themes. Can-tinted portable mirrors to frame and darken the scenes they visited, it was named after 17th century landscape painter [[Claude Lorraine]] whose work Gilpin saw as synonymous with the picturesque and who Gilpin encouraged emulation. As [[Malcolm Andrews]] remarks, there is "something of the big-game hunter in these tourists, boasting of their encounters with savage landscapes, "capturing" wild scenes, and "fixing" them as pictorial trophies in order to sell them or hang them up in frames on their drawing room walls".<ref name="Hooper" /> Gilpin himself asked shall "we suppose it a greater pleasure to the sportsman to pursue a trivial animal, than it is to the man of taste to pursue the beauties of nature?"<ref name="Hooper" /> After 1815 when Europe was available to travel again after the wars, new fields for picturesque-hunters opened up in Italy. [[Anna James]] wrote in 1820 "Had I never visited Italy, I think I should never have understood the word ''picturesque''".<ref name="Buzzard" /> [[Henry James]] exclaimed in [[Albano]] in the 1870s "I have talked of the picturesque all my life; now at last.. I see it".<ref name="Buzzard" />.

Picturesque tourists were also encouraged to reshape the landscapes as settings for [[English country house]]s, exemplified by [[Capability Brown|Lancelot 'Capability' Brown]]. Following Gilpin's advice, many landowners began designing gardens with irregular sight lines and prefabricated ruins of 'classical' structures.

Picturesque meaning literally "in the manner of a picture; fit to be made into a picture" was a word used as early as 1703 (''Oxford English Dictionary''), and derived from an Italian term ''pittoresco'', meaning, "in the manner of a painter," William Gilpin's ''Essay on Prints'' (1768) defined picturesque as " ... a term expressive of that peculiar kind of beauty, which is agreeable in a picture" (xii).

==Notable works==

*Gilpin's ''Three Essays: On Picturesque Beauty; On Picturesque Travel; and on Sketching Landscape: to which is Added a Poem, On Landscape Painting'' was published in London, 1792.
*[[Richard Payne Knight]], ''An Analytical Inquiry into the Principles of Taste,'' soon followed, and went into several editions that the author revised and expanded.
*A third great essay on the Picturesque was [[Uvedale Price]], ''An Essay on the Picturesque, as Compared with the Sublime and the Beautiful; and on the Use of Studying Pictures, for the Purpose of Improving Real Landscape'', revised. edition London, 1796.
*[[Dorothy Wordsworth]] wrote ''[[Recollections of a Tour Made in Scotland, A. D. 1803]]'' (1874) considered a classic of picturesque travel writing.
*[[William Combe]] and [[Thomas Rowlandson]] published an 1809 poem with pictures called ''The Tour of Doctor Syntax in Search of the Picturesque'' which was a satire of the ideal and famously skewered Picturesque-hunters.
*[[Humphry Repton]] applied picturesque theory to the practice of landscape design. In conjunction with the work of Price and Knight, this led to the 'picturesque theory' that designed landscapes should be composed like landscape paintings with a foreground, a middle ground and a background. Repton believed that the foreground should be the realm of art (with formal geometry and ornamental planting), that the middleground should have a parkland character of the type created by Brown and that the background should have a wild and 'natural' character.
*[[John Ruskin]] identified the "picturesque" as a genuinely modern aesthetic category, in ''The Seven Lamps of Architecture.''
*In modern times, the essay by the English architectural historian [[Christopher Hussey]], ''The Picturesque: Studies in a Point of View,'' 1927 focused modern thinking on the development of this approach. The picturesque idea continues to have a profound influence on [[garden design]] and planting design.

==References==
<references />

==See also==
*[[Grand Tour]]
*[[Landscape painting]]
*[[Context theory]]
*[[Planting design]]
*[[Wye Valley]]

==External links==
*[http://www.victorianweb.org/authors/ruskin/atheories/3.2.html George P. Landow, "Ruskin on the Picturesque"]
*[http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/walker/exhibitions/turner/tourism.asp "Turner's journeys of the imagination"]
*[http://www.gardenvisit.com/t/c4s1.html Landscape Style of Repton, Price and Knight]
*[http://www.waddo.net/Academic/thesis.htm Pictures and Poetry. Debunking the Bunk: An Examination of Picturesque Influence], by Keith Waddington. A Masters Thesis at [[Concordia University]].

[[Category:Romanticism]]

[[de:Picturesque]]
[[fr:Pittoresque]]
[[it:Pittoresco]]
[[ja:ピクチュアレスク]]
[[ru:Живописный стиль]]

United States

2008-04-30T18:41:22Z

16@r: +en

'''United States''' ist:

* die englische Bezeichnung für die ''Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika'', siehe [[Vereinigte Staaten]]
* der Name eines Passagierschiffs, siehe [[United States (Schiff)]], sowie der Name mehrerer US-Kriegsschiffe, siehe [[USS United States]]
* der Name einer Reederei, siehe [[United States Lines]]

{{Begriffsklärung}}

[[en:United States (disambiguation)]]
[[fr:United States]]

Vasseur

2008-04-29T14:25:42Z

16@r: +en

'''Vasseur''' ist der Name von:
* [[Alain Vasseur]], französischer Radrennfahrer
* [[Cédric Vasseur]] (* 1970), französischer Radrennfahrer
* [[Olivier Le Vasseur]](† 1730), Pseudonym "La Buse", Pirat
* [[Sylvain Vasseur]], französischer Radrennfahrer

{{Begriffsklärung}}

[[en:Vasseur]]
[[fr:Vasseur]]

Papin

2008-04-22T08:50:26Z

16@r: +en & fr

'''Papin''' ist der Familienname folgender Personen:

*[[Denis Papin]] (1647-1712), französischer Physiker
*[[Jean-Pierre Papin]] (* 1963), französischer Fußballspieler

{{Begriffsklärung}}

[[en:Papin]]
[[fr:Papin]]

Nuvola

2008-04-15T10:25:34Z

16@r: linking icon set

'''Nuvola''' (from [[italian language|Italian]] "[[cloud]]", Nuvola as evolution of the SKY icon theme) is a [[free software]] [[icon set]] under the [[GNU LGPL]] 2.1, drawn by [[David Vignoni]]. Originally created for [[desktop environment]]s like [[KDE]] and [[GNOME]], it is also available in packages for [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] and [[Apple Macintosh|Macintosh]].[http://www.icon-king.com/v2/goodies.php.en] The final version, 1.0, contains almost 600 icons. The default set is in the [[Portable Network Graphics|PNG]] graphics format; an [[Scalable Vector Graphics|SVG]] version is also available.

The application icons, in particular, colourfully represent a wide variety of commonplace and easily-recognised objects. Most icons are blue, but other colours are present as well.

== Uses ==
Besides [[KDE]] and [[GNOME]], ''Nuvola'' is used by the [[Pidgin (software)|Pidgin]] instant messaging client and the [[Amarok (audio)|Amarok]] media player.
Nuvola is the default icon set on the OpenLab GNU/Linux distribution.
They are also used for many purposes on [[Wikipedia]].

== Examples of icons ==
<gallery>
Image:Nuvola apps personal.png
Image:Nuvola apps package_toys.png
Image:Nuvola filesystems folder home.png
Image:Nuvola apps kverbos.png
Image:Nuvola devices 3floppy_unmount.png
Image:Nuvola apps kcalc.png
Image:Nuvola apps core.png
Image:Nuvola_apps_kolourpaint.png
Image:Nuvola apps important.svg
Image:Nuvola apps edu miscellaneous.png
Image:Nuvola mimetypes tar.png
Image:Nuvola apps edu science.png
Image:Nuvola mimetypes source.png
Image:Nuvola apps atlantik.png
Image:Nuvola apps kopete.png
Image:Nuvola filesystems trashcan_full.png
Image:Nuvola filesystems www.png
Image:Nuvola devices cdrom_unmount.png
Image:Nuvola filesystems folder_red_open.png
Image:Nuvola filesystems services.png
Image:Nuvola devices ipod.png
Image:Nuvola devices mouse.png
Image:Nuvola devices joystick.png
Image:Nuvola devices usbpendrive_unmount.png
Image:Nuvola apps konquest.png
Image:Nuvola apps package games strategy.png
Image:Nuvola apps kpovmodeler.png
Image:Nuvola apps colors.png
Image:Nuvola mimetypes pdf.png
Image:Nuvola apps kate.png
Image:Nuvola apps bookcase.png
Image:Nuvola apps knewsticker.png
Image:Stop hand nuvola.svg
</gallery>

== See also ==
*[[Open Clip Art Library]]

== External links ==
{{commonscat|Nuvola icons}}
* [http://icon-king.com/?p=15 Nuvola Homepage] David Vignoni’s website, with the KDE PNG version.
* [http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/GNOME/sources/gnome-themes-extras/0.9/gnome-themes-extras-0.9.0.tar.gz gnome-themes-extras], a package which contains a GNOME SVG version of Nuvola

[[Category:Icons|Nuvola]]
[[Category:Free system software]]

[[es:Nuvola]]
[[fr:Nuvola]]
[[ko:Nuvola]]
[[ja:Nuvola]]
[[ru:Nuvola]]
[[zh:Nuvola]]

Sommer (Begriffsklärung)

2008-04-14T08:33:24Z

16@r: interwiki (en, fr, ja, ru)

'''Sommer''' bezeichnet:

* [[Sommer]], die Jahreszeit
* [[Sommer (Familienname)]], einen Familiennamen
* [[Sommer (1996)]], einen französischen Jugendfilm von Éric Rohmer aus der Reihe der ''Erzählungen der Jahreszeiten''
* [[Sommer (2008)]], einen deutschen Jugendfilm mit Jimi Blue Ochsenknecht
* [[Sommer (Krieglach)]], eine österreichische Kastralgemeinde in der Gemeinde Krieglach

* [[Im Sommer]], Gemälde Renoirs

{{Begriffsklärung}}

[[en:Sommer]]
[[fr:Sommer]]
[[ja:ゾンマー]]
[[ru:Зоммер]]

Bundesministerium des Innern

2008-04-07T13:49:10Z

16@r: +fr

{{Dieser Artikel|behandelt das deutsche [[Innenministerium]]; zum österreichischen Innenministerium siehe [[Bundesministerium für Inneres]].}}

{{Infobox Deutsche Behörde
| behörden_bezeichnung = Bundesministerium des Innern
| behörden_logo = [[Bild:BMI Logo.svg|300x100px|center|Logo]]
| staatliche_ebene = Bund
| stellung = Oberste Bundesbehörde
| aufsicht =
| gründungsdatum = 1879 als „Reichsamt des Inneren“
| hauptsitz = [[Berlin]]
| behördenleiter = [[Wolfgang Schäuble]], Bundesminister des Innern
| anz_mitarbeiter =
| homepage = [http://www.bmi.bund.de/ www.bmi.bund.de]
}}

Das '''Bundesministerium des Innern''' ('''BMI'''), auch ''Bundesinnenministerium'', ist ein [[Ministerium]] in der [[Bundesrepublik Deutschland]] (siehe auch [[Bundesregierung (Deutschland)|Bundesregierung]]). Vorgänger war das [[Reichsministerium des Innern]]. Es hat seinen Hauptsitz im Ortsteil [[Berlin-Moabit|Moabit]] des [[Bezirk Mitte|Bezirks Mitte]] von [[Berlin]], der Zweitsitz befindet sich im [[Bonn]]er Stadtbezirk [[Auerberg]].

== Zuständigkeit ==

[[Bild:Berlin Moabit Spree Innenministerium.jpg|thumb|left|left=1.5|Bundesministerium des Innern in [[Berlin]]]]
[[Bild:Bundesinnenministerium Eingang Bonn 2008b.jpg|thumb|left|left=1.5|Bundesministerium des Innern, Eingang Dienstsitz [[Bonn]]]]

Das Bundesinnenministerium ist für die innere Sicherheit, den Schutz der [[Verfassung]], den [[Öffentlicher Dienst|Öffentlichen Dienst]], die Organisation der [[öffentliche Verwaltung|öffentlichen Verwaltung]], den [[Zivilschutz]], [[Informationstechnik]] und [[Sport]] zuständig.
Das Beschaffungsamt des BMI ist für die [[Beschaffung]] von [[Kraftfahrzeug]]en zuständig und unterhält eine eigene Kfz-[[Zulassungsstelle]], die ein eigenes [[Dienstsiegel]] führt.

''Siehe auch:'' [[Innenpolitik]]

== Zentralstelle für Arbeitsschutz ==

Für Bundesbehörden sind die Landesgewerbeämter nicht befugt, Anordnungen zu erteilen. Nach Arbeitsschutzgesetz § 21 ist für Bundesbehörden die Zentralstelle für Arbeitsschutz beim BMI zuständig; in dessen Auftrag nach § 21 die [[Unfallkasse des Bundes]] handelt. Von der [[EU|Europäischen Union]] wurde bereits allgemein festgestellt, dass die Nähe von Kontrollbehörde und kontrollierter Behörde -in Deutschland beides Behörden des Bundes- wenig effektiv ist. Finanzielle Sanktionen wären lediglich Umbuchungen im Bereich des Bundes und wären von daher weitgehend wirkungslos. [[Verwaltungsrecht]]streite sind langwierig und werden von gegerischen Bundesbehörden offen angedroht. Die Möglichkeiten der Zentralstelle für Arbeitsschutz und der [[Unfallkasse des Bundes]] sind daher beschränkt. Eine Einschaltung der zuständigen Behörden ist für Arbeitnehmer aus vertraglicher Rücksichtspflicht erst nach Ausschöpfung aller innerbetrieblichen Möglichkeiten zulässig, da ansonsten ein Kündigungsgrund für den Arbeitgeber besteht.

== Behörden und Einrichtungen, die dem BMI unterstellt sind ==

{{Navigationsleiste BMI-de}}

== Bundesminister des Innern ==
{{Zeitleiste Deutsche Innenminister}}
'''siehe auch:''' [[Liste der deutschen Innenminister|Amtsinhaber seit 1879]]

{| class="prettytable"
| style="background:#FFDEAD;" align="center" colspan="5" | '''Deutsche Innenminister'''
|-
! width="50" style="background:#FFDEAD;" | Nr.
! width="350" style="background:#FFDEAD;" | Name (Lebensdaten)
! width="350" style="background:#FFDEAD;" | Amtsantritt
! width="350" style="background:#FFDEAD;" | Ende der Amtszeit
! width="300" style="background:#FFDEAD;" | Partei
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" | 1
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" | [[Gustav Heinemann|Dr. Gustav Heinemann]] ([[1899]]–[[1976]])
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[20. September]] [[1949]]
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[11. Oktober]] [[1950]]
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands|CDU]]
|-
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" | 2
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" |[[Robert Lehr|Dr. Robert Lehr]] ([[1883]]–[[1956]])
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |[[11. Oktober]] [[1950]]
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |[[20. Oktober]] [[1953]]
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |[[Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands|CDU]]
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" | 3
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Gerhard Schröder (CDU)|Dr. Gerhard Schröder]] ([[1910]]–[[1989]])
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[20. Oktober]] [[1953]]
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[13. November]] [[1961]]
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands|CDU]]
|-
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" | 4
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" |[[Hermann Höcherl]] ([[1912]]–[[1989]])
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |[[14. November]] [[1961]]
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |[[25. Oktober]] [[1965]]
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |[[Christlich-Soziale Union in Bayern|CSU]]
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" | 5
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Paul Lücke]] ([[1914]]–[[1976]])
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[26. Oktober]] [[1965]]
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[2. April]] [[1968]]
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands|CDU]]
|-
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" | 6
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" |[[Ernst Benda]] (* [[1925]])
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |[[2. April]] [[1968]]
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |[[21. Oktober]] [[1969]]
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |[[Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands|CDU]]
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" | 7
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Hans-Dietrich Genscher]] (* [[1927]])
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[22. Oktober]] [[1969]]
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[16. Mai]] [[1974]]
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[Freie Demokratische Partei|FDP]]
|-
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" | 8
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" | [[Werner Maihofer|Prof. Dr. Werner Maihofer]] (* [[1918]])
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |[[16. Mai]] [[1974]]
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |[[8. Juni]] [[1978]]
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |[[Freie Demokratische Partei|FDP]]
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" | 9
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Gerhart Baum]] (* [[1932]])
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[8. Juni]] [[1978]]
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[17. September]] [[1982]]
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[Freie Demokratische Partei|FDP]]
|-
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" | 10
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" |[[Jürgen Schmude| Dr. Jürgen Schmude]] (* [[1936]])
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |[[17. September]] [[1982]]
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |[[1. Oktober]] [[1982]]
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |[[Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands|SPD]]
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" | 11
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Friedrich Zimmermann|Dr. Friedrich Zimmermann]]
(* [[1925]])
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[4. Oktober]] [[1982]]
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[21. April]] [[1989]]
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[Christlich-Soziale Union in Bayern|CSU]]
|-
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" | 12
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" |[[Wolfgang Schäuble|Dr. Wolfgang Schäuble]] (* [[1942]])
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |[[21. April]] [[1989]]
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |[[26. November]] [[1991]]
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |[[Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands|CDU]]
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" | 13
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Rudolf Seiters]] (* [[1937]])
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[26. November]] [[1991]]
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[7. Juli]] [[1993]]
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands|CDU]]
|-
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" | 14
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" |[[Manfred Kanther]] (* [[1939]])
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |[[7. Juli]] [[1993]]
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |[[27. Oktober]] [[1998]]
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |[[Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands|CDU]]
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" | 15
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Otto Schily]] (* [[1932]])
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[27. Oktober]] [[1998]]
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[22. November]] [[2005]]
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands|SPD]]
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" | 16
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Wolfgang Schäuble|Dr. Wolfgang Schäuble]] (* [[1942]])
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[22. November]] [[2005]]
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |[[Christlich Demokratische Union|CDU]]
|}

=== Parlamentarische [[Staatssekretär]]e ===
{| class="prettytable"
| style="background:#FFDEAD;" align="center" colspan="4" | '''Parlamentarische Staatssekretärinnen und Staatssekretäre'''
|-
! style="background:#FFDEAD;" | Name (Lebensdaten)
! style="background:#FFDEAD;" | Amtsantritt
! style="background:#FFDEAD;" | Ende der Amtszeit
! style="background:#FFDEAD;" | Partei
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" | [[Ernst Benda]] (* 1925)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1967
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1968
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |CDU
|-
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" |[[Heinrich Köppler]] (1925–1980)
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |1968
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |1969
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |CDU
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Wolfram Dorn]] (* 1924)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1969
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1972
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |FDP
|-
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" |[[Gerhart Baum]] (* 1932)
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |1972
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |1978
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |FDP
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Kurt Jung]] (1925–1989)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1972
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1974
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |FDP
|-
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" |[[Jürgen Schmude]] (* 1936)
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |1974
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |1976
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |SPD
|-
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" |[[Andreas von Schoeler]] (* 1948)
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |1976
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |1982
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |FDP
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Carl-Dieter Spranger]] (* 1939)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1982
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1990
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |CSU
|-
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" |[[Horst Waffenschmidt]] (1933–2002)
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |1982
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |1997
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |CDU
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Eduard Lintner]] (* 1944)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1990
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1998
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |CSU
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Manfred Carstens]] (* 1943)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1997
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1998
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |CDU
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Cornelie Sonntag-Wolgast]] (* 1942)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1998
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |2002
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |SPD
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Fritz Rudolf Körper]] (* 1954)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1998
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |2005
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |SPD
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Ute Vogt]] (* 1964)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |2002
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |2005
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |SPD
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Peter Altmaier]] (* 1958)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |2005
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |CDU
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Christoph Bergner]] (* 1948)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |2005
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |CDU
|}

=== Beamtete [[Staatssekretär]]e ===
{| class="prettytable"
| style="background:#FFDEAD;" align="center" colspan="4" | '''Beamtete Staatssekretärinnen und Staatssekretäre'''
|-
! style="background:#FFDEAD;" | Name (Lebensdaten)
! style="background:#FFDEAD;" | Amtsantritt
! style="background:#FFDEAD;" | Ende der Amtszeit
! style="background:#FFDEAD;" | Partei
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" | [[Hans Ritter von Lex]] (1893–1970)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1950
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1960
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |CSU
|-
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" |[[Karl Theodor Bleek]] (1898–1969)
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |1951
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |1957
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |FDP
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Georg Anders]] (1895–1972)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1957
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1962
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |
|-
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" |[[Josef Hölzl]] (1901–1975)
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |1960
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |1965
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Hans Schäfer (Jurist)|Hans Schäfer]] (1910–1980)
(zwei Amtszeiten)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1962 1969
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1966 1971
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |
|-
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" |[[Werner Ernst]] (1910–2002)
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |1965
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |1968
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Karl Gumbel]] (1909–1984)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1966
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1969
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |
|-
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" | [[Günter Hartkopf]] (1923–1989)
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |1969
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |1983
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Wolfgang Rutschke]] (1919–1996)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1971
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1973
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |FDP
|-
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" |[[Siegfried Fröhlich]] (* 1920)
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |1974
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |1985
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Franz Kroppenstedt]] (* 1931)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1983
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1990
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |
|-
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" |[[Hans Neusel]] (* 1927)
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |1985
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |1992
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Johannes Vöcking]] (* 1949)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1992
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1993
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |CDU
|-
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" |[[Kurt Schelter]] (* 1946)
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |1993
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |1998
|style="background:#FFF3DC;" align="center" |CDU
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Walter Priesnitz]] (* 1932)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1991
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1996
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Eckart Werthebach]] (* 1940)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1995
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1998
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |CDU
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Brigitte Zypries]] (* 1953)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1998
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |2002
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |SPD
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Claus Henning Schapper]] (* 1937)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |1998
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |2003
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |SPD
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Göttrik Wewer]] (* 1954)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |2003
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |2006
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Lutz Diwell]] (* 1951)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |2003
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |2005
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[August Hanning]] (* 1946)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |2005
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |parteilos
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Hans Bernhard Beus]] (* 1949)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |2006
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |2006
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Johann Hahlen]] (* 1942)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |2006
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |2007
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |
|-
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" |[[Hans Bernhard Beus]] (* 1949)
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |2008
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |
|style="background:#FFF5DC;" align="center" |
|}

== Weblinks ==
* [http://www.bmi.bund.de bmi.bund.de] – Offizielle Website des Bundesministeriums des Innern
* [http://www.bund.de/nn_189508/Organisations/Bund/U/BR-Deutschland/U/BMI/Stammdaten/Bundesministerium-des-Innern-org.html bund.de – Bundesverwaltung thematisch] – BMI auf einem Blick (Aufgaben, alle nachgeordneten Behörden, Selbstverwaltete Behörden, Sonstigen Einrichtungen, Dienstleistungen usw.)

{{Navigationsleiste Bundesministerien (Deutschland)}}

{{Koordinate Artikel|52_31_26_N_13_20_50_E_type:landmark_region:DE-BE|52° 31' 26" N, 13° 20' 50" O}}

[[Kategorie:Bundesministerium (Deutschland)|Innenministerium]]
[[Kategorie:Innenministerium|Deutschland]]

[[en:Federal Ministry of the Interior (Germany)]]
[[fr:Ministère fédéral de l'Intérieur (Allemagne)]]
[[nds:Bunnsministerium för'd Innere]]

Englischsprachige Wikipedia

2008-03-31T02:14:43Z

16@r: add a map showing the countries of the pie chart

{{Infobox website
| name = [[Image:Wikipedia's W.svg|16px|Favicon of Wikipedia]] English Wikipedia
| logo = [[Image:Wikipedia-logo-en.png|Logo of the English Wikipedia]]
| screenshot = [[Image:EnglishWikipediaMainPage3rdAugust2007.PNG|280px|The [[Main Page]] of the English Wikipedia.]]
| collapsible = yes
| caption = The [[Main Page]] of the English Wikipedia.
| url = http://en.wikipedia.org/
| commercial = No
| launch date = [[15 January]] [[2001]]
| type = [[Internet encyclopedia project]]
| language = English
| registration = Optional
| owner = [[Wikimedia Foundation]]
| author = [[Jimmy Wales]], [[Larry Sanger]]<ref name=foundercontroversy>There is some controversy over who founded Wikipedia. Wikipedia's official [http://web.archive.org/web/20011104094947/www.wikipedia.com/wiki/Wikipedia personnel page from September 2001] states Wales and Sanger were the two co-founders, and that there was no editor-in-chief. Wales considers himself to be the sole founder of Wikipedia and has told the ''[[Boston Globe]]'' that "it's preposterous" to call Sanger the co-founder. However, Sanger strongly contests that description. He was identified as a co-founder of Wikipedia at least as early as September 2001 and referred to himself that way as early as January 2002.
* {{cite news|url=http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html|author =Jonathan Sidener|title =Everyone's Encyclopedia|accessdate = 2006-10-15|publisher=San Diego Union Tribune|date = [[December 6]], [[2004]]}}
* {{cite news|author=Peter Meyers|title=Fact-Driven? Collegial? This Site Wants You|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9800E5D6123BF933A1575AC0A9679C8B63&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fSubjects%2fC%2fComputer%20Software|publisher =[[New York Times]]|accessdate = 2006-10-15|date=[[2001-09-20]]}}
* {{cite web|url=http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_and_why_it_matters&oldid=149626|author=[[Larry Sanger|Sanger, Larry]]|title=What Wikipedia is and why it matters|accessdate = 2006-04-12}}</ref>}}
[[Image:English Wikipedia contributors by country.svg|thumb|English Wikipedia contributors by country<ref>[[:m:Edits by project and country of origin]]</ref>]]
[[Image:Enwiki-map.png|thumb|Main sizeable countries from wikipedians contribute]]
The '''English Wikipedia''' is the [[English language]] edition of [[Wikipedia]]. Founded on [[15 January]] [[2001]] and reaching two million articles by [[September 2007]],<ref >{{cite news |first=Anjali |last=Rego |title= Wikipedia Reaches 2 Million Articles |url=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/websites-internet/wikipedia-reaches-2-million-articles/16031/0 |work=Tech2 |date=[[2007-09-13]] |accessdate=2007-09-23 }}</ref> it was the first edition of Wikipedia and remains the largest, with more than three times the size of the next largest, the [[German Wikipedia]]. As of 2007, approximately one-quarter of articles in all Wikipedias belong to the English language edition, this share having gradually declined from over half in 2003, due to growth of Wikipedias in other languages.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Wikipedias&oldid=520778|title=List of Wikipedias|author=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki|date=[[2007-01-30]]|accessdate=2007-01-30}}</ref>

== Pioneering edition ==
The English Wikipedia was the first-established Wikipedia edition and has remained the largest. It has pioneered many conventions, policies and features that have been adopted by other Wikipedia editions. These include "featured articles",<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Featured_articles&oldid=104207677|title=Featured articles|author=English Wikipedia|date=[[2007-01-30]]|accessdate=2007-01-30}}</ref> the neutral point of view policy,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view&oldid=103033132|title=Neutral point of view|author=English Wikipedia|date=[[2007-01-25]]|accessdate=2007-01-30}}</ref> navigation templates,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Template&oldid=520481|title=Help:Template|author=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki|date=[[2007-01-29]]|accessdate=2007-01-30}}</ref> sorting of short "stub" articles into sub-categories,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:WikiProject_Stub_sorting&oldid=101829026|title=WikiProject Stub sorting|author=English Wikipedia|date=[[2007-01-19]]|accessdate=2007-01-30}}</ref> dispute resolution mechanisms such as mediation and arbitration,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Resolving_disputes&oldid=103577785|title=Resolving disputes|author=English Wikipedia|date=[[2007-01-27]]|accessdate=2007-01-30}}</ref> and weekly collaborations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Article_Creation_and_Improvement_Drive&oldid=104243512|title=Article Creation and Improvement Drive|author=English Wikipedia|date=[[2007-01-30]]|accessdate=2007-01-30}}</ref> In turn, the English Wikipedia has adopted features from the [[German Wikipedia]], and from other smaller editions as well.

Many of the most active participants in the [[Wikimedia Foundation]], and developers of the [[MediaWiki]] software that powers Wikipedia, are also English Wikipedia users.

== Controversies ==
{{seealso|Seigenthaler incident}}
Among the controversies in the English Wikipedia is a debate over which national variety of the English language is to be preferred, with the most commonly advocated candidates being [[American English]] and [[British English]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style_%28spelling%29||title=Wikipedia:Manual of Style (spelling)|author=English Wikipedia|accessdate=2006-02-25}}</ref> There has been a [[Chinese Wikipedia#Automatic conversion between Traditional and Simplified Chinese|similar issue in the Chinese language Wikipedia]], although with a different solution. Many suggestions have been proposed by editors, ranging from standardizing upon a single form of English to [[fork (software)|forking]] the English Wikipedia project. A style guideline states, "the English Wikipedia has no general preference for a major national variety of the language" and "an article on a topic that has strong ties to a particular English-speaking nation uses the appropriate variety of English for that nation."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#National_varieties_of_English|title=Wikipedia:Manual of Style|author=English Wikipedia|accessdate=2007-10-10}}</ref> An article should use spelling and grammar variants consistently; for example, ''center'' and ''centre'' are not to be used in the same article. The guide also states that an article must remain written in whichever [[dialect]] the article was initially created, or which first became discernible in the article's history.

== Users and editors ==
English Wikipedia reached 4,000,000 registered user accounts on [[1 April]] [[2007]],<ref name="4,000,000">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2007-04-02/News_and_notes Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2007-04-02/News and notes]. Retrieved on 20 April 2007</ref> just a little over a year since it has crossed a threshold of 1,000,000 registered user accounts in late February 2006.<ref name="1,000,000">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2006-02-27/News_and_notes Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2006-02-27/News and notes]. Retrieved on 20 April 2007</ref> The number of individual persons who are active editors (either registered or anonymous) at Wikipedia on any given month is much less than these figures.

As the largest Wikipedia edition, and because the [[English language]] is such a widely used language, the English Wikipedia draws many users and editors whose [[native language]] is not English. Such users seek information from the English Wikipedia rather than the Wikipedia of their native language simply because the English Wikipedia contains more information. Many successful collaborations have developed between non-native English speakers who add content to English Wikipedia and native English speakers who act as copy editors for those adding content.

== See also ==
* [[History of Wikipedia]]
* [[Criticism of Wikipedia]]
* [[Simple English Wikipedia]]

== Notes and references ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

== External links ==
* [http://en.wikipedia.org English Wikipedia] 
* [http://www.wikipedia.org Wikipedia.org multilingual portal]
* [http://wikimediafoundation.org Wikimedia Foundation]

{{Wikipedias}}

[[Category:Wikipedias by language]]
[[Category:2001 establishments]]
[[Category:English-language encyclopedias]]

[[ar:ويكيبيديا الإنجليزية]]
[[be:Англійская Вікіпедыя]]
[[be-x-old:Ангельская Вікіпэдыя]]
[[bg:Уикипедия на английски език]]
[[ca:Viquipèdia en anglès]]
[[cs:Anglická Wikipedie]]
[[da:Engelsk Wikipedia]]
[[el:Αγγλική Βικιπαίδεια]]
[[es:Wikipedia en inglés]]
[[eu:Ingelesezko Wikipedia]]
[[fa:ویکی‌پدیای انگلیسی]]
[[fr:Wikipédia en anglais]]
[[gl:Wikipedia en inglés]]
[[ko:영어 위키백과]]
[[hr:Wikipedija na engleskom jeziku]]
[[ig:Wikipedia nke ndị bekee]]
[[he:ויקיפדיה האנגלית]]
[[lt:Angliška Vikipedija]]
[[ms:Wikipedia Bahasa Inggeris]]
[[nl:Engelstalige Wikipedia]]
[[ja:英語版ウィキペディア]]
[[no:Engelsk Wikipedia]]
[[uz:Ingliz Vikipediyasi]]
[[pl:Anglojęzyczna Wikipedia]]
[[pt:Wikipédia em inglês]]
[[ru:Английская Википедия]]
[[simple:English Wikipedia]]
[[sh:Engleska Wikipedija]]
[[sv:Engelskspråkiga Wikipedia]]
[[th:วิกิพีเดียภาษาอังกฤษ]]
[[uk:Англійська Вікіпедія]]
[[yi:ענגלישע וויקיפעדיע]]
[[zh-yue:英文維基百科]]
[[bat-smg:Onglėška Vikipedėjė]]
[[zh:英語維基百科]]

Reizbarkeit (Medizin)

2008-03-27T15:41:30Z

16@r: /* See also */ +wikt

{{otheruses4|the medical condition|the webcomic|Irritability (webcomic)}}
'''Irritability''' is an excessive response to [[stimulus (physiology)|stimuli]]. Irritability takes many forms, from the [[contraction]] of a [[unicellular organism]] when touched, to complex reactions involving all the senses of higher [[animal]]s. In [[plant]]s, response is usually different from that seen in animals, but is nonetheless present. The term irritability is used for both the [[physiological]] reaction to stimuli and for the [[pathology|pathological]], abnormal or excessive sensitivity to stimuli.

Irritability may manifest in behavioral responses to both physiological as well as behavioral stimuli, including environmental, situational, [[sociology|sociological]], and [[emotion]]al stimuli.

==Causes==
'''Irritability''' can result from conditions such as:
* [[Anxiety]]
* [[alcoholism]]
* [[anemia]]
* [[Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder]] (ADHD) or [[Attention Deficit Disorder]] (ADD)
* certain personality disorders
* [[Bipolar Disorder]]
* [[caesium]], exposure to
* [[combat stress reaction]]
* [[constipation]]
* [[clinical depression|depression]]
* [[diabetes]]
* [[dysmenorrhea]]
* emotional/psychological stress
* [[fatigue (medical)|fatigue]]
* [[fever]]
* [[frustration]]
* [[Generalized anxiety disorder|Generalized Anxiety Disorder]]
* [[headache]]
* [[hunger]]
* [[hyperthermia]]
* [[hyperthyroidism]]
* [[hypothyroidism]]
* [[hypoglycemia]]
* [[insomnia]]
* [[lack of orgasm]]
* [[lead poisoning]]
* [[mastoiditis]]
* [[meningitis]]
* [[pain and nociception|pain]]
* [[PMS|Premenstrual syndrome]]
* psychoactive substances, use/abuse of certain varieties
* [[PTSD|post-traumatic stress disorder]]
* [[schizophrenia]]
* [[sleep apnea]]
* [[stress (medicine)|stress]]
* [[rabies]]
* [[systematic candida]]
* [[thyroid disease]]
* [[menstrual cycle]].
* [[Parkinson's disease]]
* [[Wilson's Syndrome]]
{{incomplete-list}}

== See also ==
{{Wiktionary}}
* [[Annoyance]]

[[Category:Diseases]]
{{disease-stub}}

[[es:Irritabilidad]]

Google Developers

2008-03-26T13:45:14Z

16@r: link Internet bookmark

{{Infobox Website
| name = Google Code
| logo = [[Image:Google Code logo.png]]
| screenshot = [[Image:Google Code.png|220px]]
| caption = Google Code in [[Firefox]]
| url = [http://code.google.com/ code.google.com]
| commercial =
| type = [[development]] website
| language = English
| registration = ?
| owner = [[Google]]
| author = Google
| launch date = March 17, 2005
| current status = active
| revenue =
}}
'''Google Code''' is [[Google]]'s site for developers interested in Google-related [[software development|development]]. The site contains [[Open Source]] code and a list of their services which support public [[API]]s.

== APIs ==
Google offers a [http://code.google.com/apis/ variety of APIs] for web and desktop programmers alike. They are often based around current Google products, including [[AdSense]], [[Google Checkout]] and [[Google Toolbar]].

=== SOAP-based APIs ===
The [http://code.google.com/apis/adsense AdSense] and [http://www.google.com/apis/adwords AdWords] APIs, based on the [[Simple Object Access Protocol]] (SOAP) data exchange standard, allow developers to integrate their own applications with these Google services. The AdSense API allows owners of web sites and [[blogs]] to manage AdSense sign-up, content and reporting, while the AdWords API gives AdWords customers programmatic access to their AdWords accounts and campaigns.

=== Google Data APIs ===
The Google Data APIs allow programmers to create applications that read and write data from Google services. Currently, these include APIs for [[Google Apps]], [[Blogger (service)|Blogger]], [[Google Base]], [[Google Calendar]], [[Google Code Search]], [[Google Spreadsheets]], [[Google Notebook]], and [[Picasa Web Albums]].

== Open Source Projects ==
Google Projects <ref>[http://code.google.com/hosting/projects.html Google Code - Projects]</ref> and Patches<ref>[http://code.google.com/patches.html Google Code - Patches]</ref> are Open Source software that Google has developed.

=== Google Gears ===
{{main|Google Gears}}
[[Google Gears]] is [[Software release cycle#Beta|beta]] software offered by [[Google]] to enable [[off-line]] access to services that normally only work [[on-line]]. It installs a database engine, based on [[SQLite]], on the client system to locally cache the data. Google Gears-enabled pages use data from this local cache rather than from the online service. Using Google Gears, a web application may periodically synchronize the data in the local cache with the online service. If a network connection is not available, the synchronization is deferred until a network connection is established. Thus Google Gears enables web applications to work even though access to the network service is not present.

=== Google Web Toolkit ===
{{main|Google Web Toolkit}}
The '''Google Web Toolkit''' is an open source toolkit allowing developers to create [[Ajax (programming)|Ajax]] applications in the [[Java (programming language)|Java]] [[programming language]] <ref>
{{cite web |url=http://googlewebtoolkit.blogspot.com/2006_12_01_archive.html |title= GWT 1.3 Release Candidate is 100% Open Source |accessdate=2007-02-08 |author=Johnson, Bruce |date=2006-12-12}}</ref>. GWT supports rapid [[client-server|client/server]] [[software engineering|development]] and [[debugging]] in any Java [[integrated development environment|IDE]]. In a subsequent deployment step, the GWT compiler translates a working Java application into equivalent [[JavaScript]] that programmatically manipulates a [[web browser|web browser's]] [[HTML]] [[document object model|DOM]] using [[DHTML]] techniques. GWT emphasizes reusable, efficient solutions to recurring Ajax challenges, namely [[remote procedure call|asynchronous remote procedure calls]], history management, [[Internet bookmark|bookmarking]], and cross-browser [[porting|portability]].

== Summer of Code ==
[[Google Summer of Code]] <ref>[http://code.google.com/soc/ Google Summer of Code]</ref> is a mentoring program to find students for Open Source projects. In [[2007]], the program received nearly 6,200 applications.

== Project Hosting ==
Google Code runs a project hosting service<ref>[http://code.google.com/hosting/ Google Code - Project Hosting]</ref> that provides [[revision control]] using [[Subversion (software)|Subversion]] (the repositories are implemented on top of Google's [[BigTable]], but this is hidden to the user), an issue tracker, a wiki for documentation, and a file download feature. The service is available and free for all Open Source projects.

The site allows the projects to use only one of eight licenses ([[Apache License|Apache]], [[Artistic License|Artistic]]/GPLv2, [[BSD Licenses|BSD]], [[GNU_General_Public_License#Version_2|GPLv2]], [[GNU_General_Public_License#Version_3|GPLv3]], [[GNU_Lesser_General_Public_License|LGPL]], [[MIT License|MIT]], and [[Mozilla Public License|MPL]]). The limitation is part of Google's stance against [[license proliferation]].

==See also==
*[[CodePlex]]
*[[Sourceforge.net]]
*[[Comparison of free software hosting facilities]]

== External links ==
* [http://code.google.com/webtoolkit/ Google Web Toolkit]
* [http://code.google.com/ Google Code website]
* [http://google.wikia.com/wiki/Google_Web_Toolkit Wikia Google Toolkit], a complete wiki about GWT
* [http://engtech.wordpress.com/2006/07/28/google-code-project-hosting-a-replacement-for-sourceforge/ A detailed list of the features of Google Code - Project Hosting]
* [http://www.softwaredesign.co.uk/Web.20.html GWT Tutorial] GWT Tutorial and programming concepts for programmers new to GWT
* [http://www.gwtsite.com GWTsite.com: Learning about GWT]
* [http://www.ongwt.com/ Tracking News on GWT]
* [http://www.gwtapps.com GWT Applications]
* [http://code.google.com/p/rocket-gwt/ Rocket-gwt] Lots of extras for GWT, clientside DI, comet, lots of widgets and more.
* [http://code.google.com/p/gwtphp/ GWTPHP] PHP port for GWT Server (RPC)

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Google Inc.}}

[[Category:Free software hosting facilities]]
[[Category:Google services|Code]]
[[Category:Google Code projects| Google Code]]

[[fr:Google Code]]
[[tr:Google Code]]
[[pt:Google Code]]

Bavaria (Begriffsklärung)

2008-03-21T03:41:30Z

16@r: +fr

'''Bavaria''' ist

* die lateinische (und daraus abgeleitet auch die englische) Bezeichnung für [[Bayern]],
* die weibliche Symbolgestalt Bayerns und Statue, siehe [[Bavaria]],
* der Name eines mehrbändigen umfassenden volkskundlichen Werkes über Bayern, noch als Kronprinz veranlasst vom späteren bayerischen König [[Maximilian II. (Bayern)|Max II.]], erschienen zwischen 1860 und 1867
* eine Film-Unternehmensgruppe, siehe [[Bavaria Film]] und [[Bavaria Film- und Fernsehstudios]],
* einer der eindrucksvollsten und meistfotografierten Bäume Deutschlands, die [[Bavaria-Buche]],
* der Name des Kleinplaneten Nummer 301, siehe [[Bavaria (Asteroid)]],
* der Name verschiedener Studentenverbindungen, zum Beispiel
**[[Corps Bavaria Karlsruhe]] (verbandsfrei)
**[[Corps Bavaria München]] im [[Kösener Senioren-Convents-Verband|KSCV]]
**[[Corps Bavaria Würzburg]] im [[Kösener Senioren-Convents-Verband|KSCV]]
**[[K.D.St.V. Bavaria Berlin]] im CV und KDV
**[[K.D.St.V. Bavaria Bonn]] im CV
* eine in den [[Niederlande]]n bedeutende Biermarke (Pils).
* bis etwas 1910 Markenname des heutigen [[Astra (Bier)]].
* der Name der [[Bavaria Yachtbau]], einer der größten Hersteller von Segelyachten
* der Name einer österreichischen Dampflokomotive (Semmeringwettbewerb), [[SStB - Bavaria]]
* der Name eines [[Trans Europ Express|TEE]]-Zuges, [[Bavaria (Zug)]]
* der Name einer relativ bedeutenden Charterfluggesellschaft mit Geschäftsstand in München welche ca. 1960er - 1970er Jahre aktiv war.
* der Name eines Solarparks in der Oberpfalz
* der Name von [[BMW]]-Autoradios
* der Name einer Tankstellenkette
* der Name einer Brauerei in Südafrika

{{Begriffsklärung}}

[[en:Bavaria (disambiguation)]]
[[es:Bavaria]]
[[fr:Bavaria]]
[[nl:Bavaria]]
[[sv:Bavaria]]

Benutzer Diskussion:Aka

2008-03-20T19:04:59Z

16@r: Neuer Abschnitt /* Page History Statistics nochmal */

{| align="right" style="background: #FFFFFF; border:1px solid #B0B0C0; padding:5px;"
|
<hr />
'''Archiv'''
<hr />
[[Bild:Beeth 2 Th a2.jpg|250px]]
<hr />

<div class="plainlinks">'''Aktiv seit [http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tonleiter&diff=prev&oldid=169500 21.01.2003]'''</div>

{|
| 2004
| 01 02 [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2004/03|03]] 04 05 [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2004/06|06]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2004/07|07]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2004/08|08]] 09 [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2004/10|10]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2004/11|11]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2004/12|12]]
|-
| 2005
| [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2005/01|01]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2005/02|02]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2005/03|03]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2005/04|04]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2005/05|05]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2005/06|06]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2005/07|07]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2005/08|08]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2005/09|09]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2005/10|10]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2005/11|11]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2005/12|12]]
|-
| 2006
| [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2006/01|01]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2006/02|02]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2006/03|03]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2006/04|04]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2006/05|05]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2006/06|06]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2006/07|07]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2006/08|08]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2006/09|09]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2006/10|10]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2006/11|11]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2006/12|12]]
|-
| 2007
| [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2007/01|01]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2007/02|02]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2007/03|03]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2007/04|04]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2007/05|05]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2007/06|06]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2007/07|07]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2007/08|08]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2007/09|09]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2007/10|10]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2007/11|11]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2007/12|12]]
|-
| 2008
| [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2008/01|01]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2008/02|02]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2008/03|03]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2008/04|04]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2008/05|05]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2008/06|06]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2008/07|07]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2008/08|08]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2008/09|09]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2008/10|10]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2008/11|11]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/2008/12|12]]
|}

<hr />
* [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Bärchenparade|Bärchenparade & Co]]
* [[Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/GlobalWPSearch|GlobalWPSearch]]
* [[Benutzer:Aka/Tippfehler entfernt|"Tippfehler entfernt"]]
<hr />
|}

__TOC__

{{Autoarchiv|Alter=30|Mindestbeiträge=1|Ziel='Benutzer Diskussion:Aka/Archiv/((Jahr))/((Monat:##))'|Klein=Ja|Zeigen=Nein}}

== Structurae-Vorlage ==
Hallo André,

du hast vor einiger Zeit diverse Selektionen für das Biologie und glaube auch für das Mathematikportal gemacht. Mir ist bei der Aktualisierung einiger Bauwerke, die einen Link zur Datenbank Structurae haben eine Idee gekommen. Kannst du eine systematische Liste erstellen, welche alle Artikel selektiert, die zwar den Link auf diese Seite haben aber noch nicht die Vorlage <nowiki>{{structurae|structures|Nummer}}</nowiki> nutzen? Das Ergebnis könntest du auf die Diskussionsseite des Architekturportals werfen. Gruß – [[Benutzer:Wladyslaw Sojka|Wladyslaw]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Wladyslaw Sojka|[Disk.]]] 12:54, 31. Jan. 2008 (CET)

: Ja, das geht, wird aber bestimmt nicht vor dem Wochenende. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 12:57, 31. Jan. 2008 (CET)

::Eilt auch nicht. Vielen Dank schon mal im Voraus. – [[Benutzer:Wladyslaw Sojka|Wladyslaw]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Wladyslaw Sojka|[Disk.]]] 14:05, 31. Jan. 2008 (CET)

::: Würde nicht eigentlich schon [http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spezial%3ALinksearch&target=de.structurae.de diese Seite] reichen? Dort sind zwar auch die Links mit enthalten, die die Vorlage benutzen (ganz am Ende der Liste), diese erkennt man aber auf dem ersten Blick auch als solche. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 11:08, 10. Feb. 2008 (CET)

::::Doch, das sollte erstmal reichen. Würden wir noch eine feinere Suche benötigen, melde ich mich wieder. – [[Benutzer:Wladyslaw Sojka|Wladyslaw]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Wladyslaw Sojka|[Disk.]]] 11:07, 12. Feb. 2008 (CET)

:::::Sehe grade: das stimmt nicht, dass man die Seiten mit Vorlage von denen ohne Vorlage unterscheiden kann. Woran siehst du den Unterschied? – [[Benutzer:Wladyslaw Sojka|Wladyslaw]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Wladyslaw Sojka|[Disk.]]] 12:07, 12. Feb. 2008 (CET)

:::::: Die [http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spezial:Linksearch&limit=500&offset=1100&target=http%3A%2F%2Fde.structurae.de&namespace= hier] am Ende stehenden haben sowas wie "<nowiki>{{1}}</nowiki>" drin stehen und benutzen die Vorlage - aber möglicherweise ist das ja nicht immer so. Hast du ein Gegenbeispiel? -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 12:21, 12. Feb. 2008 (CET)

Ja: [http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spezial:Linksearch&target=http%3A%2F%2Fde.structurae.de&namespace=&limit=500&offset=0 hier] kannst du unter 212. [[Berliner Funkturm]] oder 233. [[Fernsehturm Taschkent]] sehen, dass in Wirklichkeit die Vorlage bereits drin ist. Die Liste ist natürlich besser als nichts, aber man muss sehr oft auch bereits abgearbeitete Artikel öffnen. Für eine konzertierte Aktion daher nur bedingt brauchbar. – [[Benutzer:Wladyslaw Sojka|Wladyslaw]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Wladyslaw Sojka|[Disk.]]] 12:27, 12. Feb. 2008 (CET)

: Also wird die Vorlage manchmal aufgelöst und manchmal nicht ;) Ich bau demnächst mal die Liste. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 12:30, 12. Feb. 2008 (CET)

::Wie weit ist der Entwicklungsstand ;)? – [[Benutzer:Wladyslaw Sojka|Wladyslaw]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Wladyslaw Sojka|[Disk.]]] 11:53, 25. Feb. 2008 (CET)

:::Überlesen, keine Zeit oder kein Bock? – [[Benutzer:Wladyslaw Sojka|Wladyslaw]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Wladyslaw Sojka|[Disk.]]] 11:57, 6. Mär. 2008 (CET)

:::: Ich habe es nicht vergessen, allerdings auch noch nicht gemacht. Kommt aber noch. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 12:20, 6. Mär. 2008 (CET)

::::Okay, falls möglich und mit vertretbarem Aufwand am liebsten natürlich als dynamische Liste. – [[Benutzer:Wladyslaw Sojka|Wladyslaw]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Wladyslaw Sojka|[Disk.]]] 12:24, 6. Mär. 2008 (CET)

== [[Benutzer_Diskussion:Ralf_Roletschek#Eschborn]] ==

Kannst du da mal bitte was sagen? --[[Benutzer:Ralf Roletschek|RalfR]] → [[Wikipedia:BIENE|BIENE braucht Hilfe]] 00:43, 20. Feb. 2008 (CET)

== Spanisches Gänseblümchen ==

Ich hab die Arbeiten an dem Artikel gestern erstmal abgeschlossen.
Ich habe ihn aber unter [[Mexikanisches Berufkraut]] angelegt, weil es dazu einen Link unter "Berufkräuter" gab. Ich wollte das auf der Seite nicht ändern sonst steht da zwischen den ganzen Berufkräutern auf einmal ein Span. Gänseblümchen.
Wie krieg ich das jetzt hin das wenn man Mexik. Bk. eingibt auf Span. Gänseblümchen kommt? Geht das irgendwie?
Mir fehlen auch noch ein paar Dinge zur Fortpflanzung, hab dazu aber keine Literatur und online gibts dazu auch kaum was denk ich.
MfG [[Benutzer:Magnetotax|Magnetotax]]

: Hallo Magnetotax, danke für den Artikel. Das, was du suchst, nennt sich Weiterleitung und ist [[Hilfe:Weiterleitung|hier]] erklärt. Ich habe diese Weiterleitung gerade angelegt. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 10:41, 20. Feb. 2008 (CET)

== Dat war meine IP ==

Hi, durch einen Zufall hab ich gerade die IP deren Diskussionsseite du gelöscht hast...Das kommt ja wohl extrem selten vor, jedenfalls sagt wiki in diesem Fall 'ich hätte neue Nachrichten auf meiner Diskussionsseite'...
Wollte ich spektakulärer Weise nur kurz anmerken, schönen Tag noch!
Grüße [[Spezial:Beiträge/84.129.230.4|84.129.230.4]] 11:48, 20. Feb. 2008 (CET) (eigtl [[Benutzer:Quadratmeter]])

== Idee für Wikipage-Analysetool ==

[http://vs.aka-online.de/cgi-bin/wppagehiststat.pl?lang=de Dafür]: Optional die Diskussionsseite mit einbeziehen und die Ergebnisse addieren um einen Überblick über das Thema zu haben. Vielleicht noch 2 Spalten dann dazu: x Edits Artikel, x Edits Diskussion. In der Monatsansicht könnte man dann auch die Gesamtaktivität sehen. zB bei problematischen Artikeln, die über eine längere Zeit gesperrt sind, wo aber auf der Diskussionsseite heftig gerungen wird. Die Balken dort vielleicht in 2 Farben und eben 2 Abstufungen für Normale- und Minor-Edits. --[[Benutzer:Fg68at|Franz]] (Fg68at) 17:33, 20. Feb. 2008 (CET)

: Hi Franz, danke für die Anregungen. Die Diskussionsseiten kann man sich bereits jetzt seperat auswerten lassen. Ich werde mal darüber nachdenken, ob und wie sich das zusammenfassen lässt. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 18:01, 20. Feb. 2008 (CET)

== Bestätigungswunsch ==

[[Bild:Wikipedia regulars table Freiberg 12-15-2007 02 (aka).jpg|thumb]]
Hallo Aka, Du könntest auf [[Benutzer:Taxman/Gemeinschaftsseite]] bestätigen, dass es mich gibt - siehe auf Deinem Foto die Person zwischen Conny und Unukorno. (Es gibt sonst nicht so viele, die dabei sind und die ich im realen Leben kennengelernt habe.) LG aus der Bergstadt FG--[[Benutzer:Chadmull|Chadmull]] 19:43, 20. Feb. 2008 (CET)

: Klar :) (erledigt) -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 19:55, 20. Feb. 2008 (CET)
:: Danke!--[[Benutzer:Chadmull|Chadmull]] 20:01, 20. Feb. 2008 (CET)

== Lob ==

Bekommst ein Lob für das fleisige Sperren von anonymen Troll-IPs. Finde ich gut. [[Benutzer:GLGermann|GLGermann]] 10:01, 21. Feb. 2008 (CET)

: Danke. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 10:03, 21. Feb. 2008 (CET)

== [[Vorlage:Infobox Mikronation]] ==

Hallo!

Dürfte ich für einen Moment deine Aufmerksamkeit auf [[Wikipedia:Löschprüfung#Vorlage:Infobox Mikronation]] lenken? Bisher scheint kein Admin bereit zu sein, sich mit dem Antrag näher auseinanderzusetzen. Herzlichen Dank und Gruß --[[Benutzer:Quilbert|Quilbert]] [[Benutzer_Diskussion:Quilbert|問]] 15:12, 22. Feb. 2008 (CET)

: Sorry, aber da habe ich keine richtige Meinung dazu. -- [[user:aka|aka]] 15:15, 22. Feb. 2008 (CET)

== offener Proxy vs. Tor ==

Hallo aka,

du hast heute morgen unter der ID #234539 die IP-Adresse 88.64.187.158 gesperrt als offener Proxy - was vollständig korrekt ist, das ist mein Tor-Server der bei mir in der Wohnung rumsteht.

Meine eigentliche Frage betrifft dann auch eher organisatorisches - gibt es einen Ort in der de.WP in der über den Zugang von Tor-Usern zu Wikipedia diskutiert wird? Ich finde dieses Thema nicht irrelevant und werde nur daran erinnert, wenn ich eben doch einmal versuche, eine anonyme Änderung von mir zu hause aus zu machen.

Danke, [[Benutzer:Rbrausse|Rbrausse]] ([[Benutzer_Diskussion:Rbrausse|Diskussion]] [[Benutzer:Rbrausse/Bewertung|Bewertung]]) 23:32, 22. Feb. 2008 (CET)

: In der Wikipedia kenne ich keinen solchen Ort, aber die Richtlinie gilt projektübergreifend, ist deshalb in Meta dokumentiert ([http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/No_open_proxies/de]) und hat dort auch eine zugehörige Diskussionsseite. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 13:40, 23. Feb. 2008 (CET)
: Es gibt ja noch [[Wikipedia:Erkennung offener Proxys]], auf deren Diskussionsseite man diese Frage vielleicht auch stellen könnte. Ich weiß allerdings nicht, ob diese Seite gut besucht ist. Grüße, —[[Benutzer:DerHexer|DerHexer]] ([[Benutzer Diskussion:DerHexer|Disk.]], [[Benutzer:DerHexer/Bewertung|Bew.]]) 13:46, 23. Feb. 2008 (CET)

Danke, ich werde da mal jeweils reinschauen. [[Benutzer:Rbrausse|Rbrausse]] ([[Benutzer_Diskussion:Rbrausse|Diskussion]] [[Benutzer:Rbrausse/Bewertung|Bewertung]]) 13:54, 23. Feb. 2008 (CET)

== Bilderlöschung ==
Hallo André,

wenn ich ein Bild zur Löschung vorschlagen will, wo tue ich das? Läuft das unter den regulären [[Wikipedia:Löschkandidaten/25. Februar 2008|Löschdiskussionen]]? Ich meine, dass es eine eigene Seite gab; finde sie aber nicht. Gruß – [[Benutzer:Wladyslaw Sojka|Wladyslaw]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Wladyslaw Sojka|[Disk.]]] 11:29, 25. Feb. 2008 (CET)
:Löschkndidaten Bilder gibts nicht mehr, das geht jetzt über [[Wikipedia:DÜP]] --[[Benutzer:Ralf Roletschek|RalfR]] → [[Wikipedia:BIENE|BIENE braucht Hilfe]] 11:31, 25. Feb. 2008 (CET)

::Dachte DÜP wird nur dann tätig, wenn die Urheberrechte unklar oder verletzt werden. Bin ich da schief gewickelt? Es geht konkret um dieses Bild [[:Bild:Commerzbank2.jpg]] was rechtlich okay ist aber enzyklopädisch unbrauchbar; selbst wenn die Erklärung in der Bildbeschreibung richtig sein mag. – [[Benutzer:Wladyslaw Sojka|Wladyslaw]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Wladyslaw Sojka|[Disk.]]] 11:33, 25. Feb. 2008 (CET)
:::Für sowas reicht nach wie vor SLA, das wird als unbrauchbar schnellgelöscht. --[[Benutzer:Ralf Roletschek|RalfR]] → [[Wikipedia:BIENE|BIENE braucht Hilfe]] 11:57, 25. Feb. 2008 (CET)
::::Okay, sehr gut wenn es so unbürokratisch geht. <s>Wenn ich schon deine Aufmerksamkeit habe: du hast vergessen, meine Existenz [[Benutzer:Taxman/Gemeinschaftsseite/W#Wladyslaw_Sojka_.28best.C3.A4tigt.29|hier]] zu bestätigen ;)</s> – [[Benutzer:Wladyslaw Sojka|Wladyslaw]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Wladyslaw Sojka|[Disk.]]] 12:02, 25. Feb. 2008 (CET)

== Photoshop ==
Hallo, Aka, ich habe gesehen, daß Du aktiv bist. Mal ne andere Art von URV-Problem: Kannst Du Dich mal [http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Photoshop&diff=42970186&oldid=42969996 hierum] kümmern? Ist da vielleicht eine Versionslöschung sinnvoll, der eingefügte Link der IP funktioniert. Gruß -- [[Benutzer:Sozi|Sozi]] 14:51, 25. Feb. 2008 (CET)

: Ich habe die Änderung rückgängig gemacht, aber eine Versionslöschung halte ich für übertrieben. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 14:53, 25. Feb. 2008 (CET)

== Diskussionseite feste IP ==

Hallo Aka, Du hattest am 28. Jan. diese [http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benutzer_Diskussion:193.158.250.170&action=editredlink |Benutzer Diskussion:193.158.250.170]] gelöscht. In diesem Fall handelt es sich um eine feste IP der [http://www.ping.eu/ns_whois/?host=193.158.250.170 Inge AG], die schon mehrfach eigene Werbelinks in Artikel eingefügt hat, siehe [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spezial:Beitr%C3%A4ge/193.158.250.170] - wäre es bei einer festen IP nicht doch angebracht, den Hinweis auf der Disku doch eine Weile länger stehen zu lassen? Keine Kritik, es interessiert mich nur, wie in einem solchen Fall am besten verfahren werden sollte. --[[Benutzer:Drahkrub|Burkhard]] 22:23, 25. Feb. 2008 (CET)

: Hallo Burkhard, bei festen IPs können die Diskussionsseiten natürlich länger bestehen bleiben. Ich habe die Benutzerseite nun als statische IP markiert und deinen Diskussionsbeitrag wiederhergestellt. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 08:56, 26. Feb. 2008 (CET)

== [[Benutzer_Diskussion:Lakedaimon#Bebilderung_von_Schneeburg]] ==
Hi, habe ich einen Knick in meiner Linse oder versucht hier jemand ein verrauschtes, schlecht aufgelöstes und wenig aussagendes Bild gegen ein sicher nicht exzellentes aber doch brauchbares Bild einer Burgruinie auszuwechseln? Gruß – [[Benutzer:Wladyslaw Sojka|Wladyslaw]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Wladyslaw Sojka|[Disk.]]] 09:55, 26. Feb. 2008 (CET)
: Ich habe auf Lakedaimons Diskussionsseite geantwortet. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 10:04, 26. Feb. 2008 (CET)
::Ach Wlady, besuche doch mal nen Fotokurs ;) *duck und weg* Das komische Matschbild zeigt eigentlich überhaupt nichts. --[[Benutzer:Ralf Roletschek|RalfR]] → [[Wikipedia:BIENE|BIENE braucht Hilfe]] 10:05, 26. Feb. 2008 (CET)

== Technische Frage zu Webseitenadressen ==
Hallo André,

ich schreibe grade an einem Artikel über die [[Benutzer:Wladyslaw Sojka/Schreibtisch|Marienkirche Gelnhausen]]. Als Quelle nutze ich die Webseite der Stadt Gelnhausen (http://www.gelnhausen.de/inhalt/index_i020100.cfm), die unter Sehenswürdigkeiten > Marienkirche diverse Unterseiten (Gelnhausen und das Kloster Selbold, Die Baugeschichte, etc.) zu dieser Kirche anbietet. Ich würde jetzt gerne die einzelnen Seiten zitieren, stoße aber auf das Problem, dass die Seiten keine eigene Adresse zu haben scheinen. Zumindest auf der Adressleiste ändert sich die Adresse nicht. Kann man trotzdem irgendwie jede einzelne Seite ansteuern/ verlinken oder ist das auf dieser Seite nicht möglich? – [[Benutzer:Wladyslaw Sojka|Wladyslaw]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Wladyslaw Sojka|[Disk.]]] 22:48, 27. Feb. 2008 (CET)
:Die Seite verwendet Frames. Der Firefox bietet da ein praktisches Feature: Wenn du die richtige Seite aufgerufen hast, klickst du mit der rechten Maustaste auf den entsprechenden Bereich und wählst dann 'Aktueller Frame > Frameinformationen anzeigen'. Du erhältst ein Popup des Frames, wo du den Link mit C&P rauskopieren kannst. Grüßle, --[[Benutzer:Gnu1742|Gnu1742]] 23:52, 27. Feb. 2008 (CET)

::Danke, probiere ich morgen aus. Nun geht's in die Heia. – [[Benutzer:Wladyslaw Sojka|Wladyslaw]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Wladyslaw Sojka|[Disk.]]] 23:53, 27. Feb. 2008 (CET)

== Schnelllöschung (erl.) ==

Um welchen Artikel gehts [http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benutzer_Diskussion:141.30.207.240&action=history hier]? Das geht nämlich sinnigerweise nicht aus der Seite hervor.
--[[Spezial:Beiträge/141.30.207.240|141.30.207.240]] 13:03, 28. Feb. 2008 (CET)

: Es ging um [[VZg]], was eine nicht sinnvolle Weiterleitung auf sich selbst war. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 13:09, 28. Feb. 2008 (CET)

:: Oups, keine Absicht. Sollte eher ein Redirect zur BKL [[VZG]] werden. Wäre ein solcher in Ordnung? Kannst Du meine Diskussionsseite wieder löschen? Danke. PS: Danke für die Nachricht über die Schnelllöschung. Guter Admin-Stil! Leider keine Selbstverständlichkeit hier in Wikipedia-Land. --[[Spezial:Beiträge/141.30.207.240|141.30.207.240]] 13:13, 28. Feb. 2008 (CET)

::: Die Weiterleitung ist nicht sonderlich sinnvoll, da der richtige Artikel mit Hilfe der Suchfunktion auch so gefunden wird und auf [[VZg]] kein Artikel zeigt. Deine Diskussionsseite habe ich wieder gelöscht. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 13:17, 28. Feb. 2008 (CET)

:::: Supi. Danke --[[Spezial:Beiträge/141.30.207.240|141.30.207.240]] 13:19, 28. Feb. 2008 (CET)

== FUCK WIKIPEDIA ==

Warum bekomme ich eine Nachricht über F.W. ?

Ich habe erst gerade meinen PC eingeschaltet und diesen Artikel NICHT erstellt!

PS:Ich finde die Bezeichnung eine Katastrophe

--[[Spezial:Beiträge/212.183.119.90|212.183.119.90]] 13:17, 3. Mär. 2008 (CET)

:Anscheinend hat eine andere Person, die vor dir deine IP-Adresse hatte, diesen Eintrag erstellt. Bitte entschuldige die Belästigung. Gruß, [[Benutzer:Codeispoetry|Code]]·[[Benutzer:Codeispoetry/Kritik|Eis]]·[[Benutzer Diskussion:Codeispoetry|Poesie]] 13:47, 3. Mär. 2008 (CET) PS: Aka, in einem solch offensichtlichen Fall ist eine Benachrichtung der IP eher unnötig, wie im vorliegenden Fall manchmal sogar kontraproduktiv. Vielleicht kannst du in deinen Werkzeugen eine Möglichkeit vorsehen, den Benutzer nach Unfugs-Löschung nicht anzusprechen? All zu oft ist AGF ja leider nicht angebracht.

== Benutzerseite gelöscht ==

Hallo Aka, du hast jetzt schon zum zweiten Mal eine Nachricht gelöscht, die ich auf der Diskussionseite der IP 86.100.80.165 hinterlassen habe und beide Male innerhalb eines Tages. Bitte stell diese wieder her, der Benutzer (der eine feste IP benutzt und regelmäßig eine bestimmte Seite bearbeitet) hatte wohl kaum Zeit diese zu lesen bzw. zu beantworten. LG, --[[Benutzer:Karloff lugosi|Karloff lugosi]] 16:34, 3. Mär. 2008 (CET)

: Ich habe die Benutzerseite als statisch gekennzeichnet und deinen Kommentar wieder hergestellt. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 16:37, 3. Mär. 2008 (CET)

== Jürgen Croy ==

Aka, Du bist doch wie [[Jürgen Croy]] Zwickauer. Du hast einen Fotoapparat und die Wikipedia kein Foto von ihm. (Ich glaube, ich muß gar nicht weiterschreiben ...) [[Benutzer:Obersachse|Obersachse]] 20:29, 3. Mär. 2008 (CET)

: :) Wenn ich eine Gelegenheit finde, ihn zu fotografieren, mache ich das natürlich gerne. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 20:49, 3. Mär. 2008 (CET)

== [http://vs.aka-online.de/wppagehiststat/ Autorensuche] ==
Hallo Aka, durch Supermartl bin ich auf Dein nützliches Tool gestoßen.
:1.Kann man das auch mit dem Aufruf "de" konfigurieren?
:2.Wie kann man nach so etwas suchen, ohne über die Nutzerseiten zu gehen?
Gruß --[[Benutzer:Hedwig Storch|Hedwig Storch]] 09:34, 4. Mär. 2008 (CET)

: Hallo Hedwig: 1. geht momentan noch nicht, du musst "de" immer auswählen. Für 2. gibt es verschiedene Verzeichnisse, z.b. [http://tools.wikimedia.de/~interiot/cgi-bin/tstoc hier], aber ich kenne keines, dass wirklich vollständig ist. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 09:37, 4. Mär. 2008 (CET)

::Hallo Aka, danke für die fixe Antwort. Dein Hinweis [http://tools.wikimedia.de/~interiot/cgi-bin/tstoc tstoc] scheint ja eine Fundgrube für lange Surfabende zu sein. Vielen Dank auch noch mal, dass Du das prima Suchtool geschrieben hast. Geht wirklich gut. Gruß --[[Benutzer:Hedwig Storch|Hedwig Storch]] 09:44, 4. Mär. 2008 (CET)

== bitte löschen ==

Kenntnis genommen. Bitte Seite [[Benutzer Diskussion:141.30.207.240]] löschen, Danke. --[[Spezial:Beiträge/141.30.207.240|141.30.207.240]] 10:56, 4. Mär. 2008 (CET)

: Erledigt. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 10:57, 4. Mär. 2008 (CET)

== das tägliche Elend ==

[[Bild:Aka war schneller.png|thumb|Mal zu Papier gebracht]] Man, bist du heute wieder schenll ;). P.S. Die Diskussionsseite muss noch weg. Grüße, ''[[User:ABF|abf]] [[User talk:ABF|/talk to me/]]'' 13:25, 4. Mär. 2008 (CET)

== [[Violetta Körner]] ==

Löschung völlig unverständlich. Artikel war Baustelle, hast Du keine Geduld? --[[Spezial:Beiträge/149.225.76.91|149.225.76.91]] 08:56, 6. Mär. 2008 (CET)

: Auch ein Artikelanfang sollte ein Mindestmaß an Informationen enthalten. Deshalb wurde ein Schnelllöschantrag gestellt und ausgeführt. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 08:59, 6. Mär. 2008 (CET)

== offener Proxy ==

Hallo aka, bei [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benutzer:141.56.50.97] handelt es sich um eine IP-Adresse der HTW Dresden. Vielleicht ist eine dauerhafte Sperrung derzeit nicht notwendig? Grüße dir, [[Benutzer:Conny|Conny]] 16:32, 7. Mär. 2008 (CET).

: Laut [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/No_open_proxies/de] schon, aber angemeldet kann man darüber natürlich trotzdem editieren. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 16:42, 7. Mär. 2008 (CET)

== [[Wikipedia:Redaktion Biologie/Artikel ohne Bilder]] ==

Moin aka, könntest du ohne großen Aufwand analog zur o. g. Liste kurzfristig eine mit den wiss. Namen erstellen? Morray treibt sich in Kürze in einer wiss. Sammlung herung und könnte dort Fotos machen. Grüße, --[[Benutzer:Olei|olei]] 20:25, 8. Mär. 2008 (CET)

== Benutzerseite löschen/schließen ==

Hallo Aka. Bitte schließe oder lösche meinen Account. Danke und Grüße --[[Benutzer:GrîleGarîle|GrîleGarîle]] 19:46, 9. Mär. 2008 (CET)

: Erledigt. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 08:58, 10. Mär. 2008 (CET)

== Link Checker ==

Sorry to be writing in English! Just a note to tell you that your [http://vs.aka-online.de/cgi-bin/wppagehiststat.pl?lang=en&page=Europe editing] statistics tool isn't working. [[Spezial:Beiträge/86.149.78.94|86.149.78.94]] 21:40, 10. Mär. 2008 (CET)

: Thanks for your information, I'll check this. -- [[user:aka|aka]] 08:48, 11. Mär. 2008 (CET)

== Wikipedia:Dateiüberprüfung/Tageskategorien ==

Heute nacht um 3 war bereits [http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kategorie:Wikipedia:Datei%C3%BCberpr%C3%BCfung_%282008-03-11%29&action=history der elfte] angelegt.....haste den bot etwa ausgeschaltet? ...[[Benutzer:Forrester|Forrester]] ∫ ''[[Wikipedia:Dateiüberprüfung|Die Dateiüberprüfung]]'' ∫ 21:55, 10. Mär. 2008 (CET)

: Nein, der Bot läuft täglich. Allerdings legt er momentan Einträge nur bis zum aktuellen Tag an. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 09:17, 11. Mär. 2008 (CET)

::Nun...irgendwie scheint er aber immer einen Tag [http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Datei%C3%BCberpr%C3%BCfung/Tageskategorien&diff=43557888&oldid=43278898 Verspätung] drinzuhaben, oder? ...[[Benutzer:Forrester|Forrester]] ∫ ''[[Wikipedia:Dateiüberprüfung|Die Dateiüberprüfung]]'' ∫ 16:07, 11. Mär. 2008 (CET)

::: Merkwürdig. Ich habe jetzt eine kleine Änderung eingebaut, die das korrigieren müsste. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 16:30, 11. Mär. 2008 (CET)

== Your Article History tool ==
Hello! I wish I could speak to you in German, but I can't regrettably. When I access your [http://vs.aka-online.de/wppagehiststat/ Wikipedia Page History Statistics] tool, I get an error. Could you please verify? You may contact me at [[w:en:User talk:Mtmelendez]]. Thanks! - [[Benutzer:Mtmelendez|Mtmelendez]] 14:43, 11. Mär. 2008 (CET)

== Artikelsuche in fremden Wikipedias ==
Hallo Aka, wenn ich ermitteln will, ob es z.B. einen Artikel "Roy Jacobsen" in der norwegischen WP gibt, dann begebe ich mich zuerst in die norwegische und suche dort.

Frage: Geht das einfacher (z.B. von unserer deutschen aus)? Ideal wäre ein Tool, das nach dem Artikel über alle WPs hinweg sucht. Gibt es das? Gruß --[[Benutzer:Hedwig Storch|Hedwig Storch]] 18:18, 11. Mär. 2008 (CET)

: Mir fällt da spontan meine [http://vs.aka-online.de/globalwpsearch/ globale Suche] ein ([http://vs.aka-online.de/cgi-bin/globalwpsearch.pl?search=Roy+Jacobsen&timeout=120 Suche nach "Roy Jacobsen"]). -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 18:25, 11. Mär. 2008 (CET)

::Danke, danke! Vielen, vielen Dank. Wirklich ein Spitzentool. Sehr nützlich. Ich hab gleich mal nach "Friedrich Nietzsche" gesucht. Superb.
::Aber hat das Tool wirklich alle Nietzsche-Artikel gefunden?
::Und warum findet es <nowiki>''http://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roy_Jacobsen''</nowiki> nicht?
::Hat das etwas mit der Zeitbegrenzung zu tun?
::Gruß --[[Benutzer:Hedwig Storch|Hedwig Storch]] 19:22, 11. Mär. 2008 (CET)

::: Wenn du das Häkchen rechts oben anmachst, berücksichtigt die Suche auch kleinere Wikipedias und findet den Artikel auch auf nn.wikipedia.org - es dauert dann aber etwas länger. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 19:24, 11. Mär. 2008 (CET)

::::Ich habs probiert. Es geht. Hochinteressant, was z.B. bei "Friedrich Nietzsche" alles (mit Haken) gefunden wird. Informativ finde ich auch die Liste darunter: In welchen WP kein Nietzsche ist. Fall erledigt. Danke und Gruß --[[Benutzer:Hedwig Storch|Hedwig Storch]] 20:04, 11. Mär. 2008 (CET)

== Wikipedia page history statistics ==

Dein Skript gibt für die Anfrage nach Kategorie:Kreis Nordfriesland in de einen Parsing error zurück. [[Benutzer:SD1990|SD1990]] 10:55, 12. Mär. 2008 (CET)
:Jetzt gehts wieder. [[Benutzer:SD1990|SD1990]] 11:09, 12. Mär. 2008 (CET)

== Wikipedia page history statistics 2 ==
Bei der Anfrage nach "Öhringen" gibt es eine Fehlermeldung, wenn man "%C3%96hringen" eingibt, gehts auch nicht und die Eingabe von "Öhringen" (wie auf [[WP:FZW]] vorgeschlagen) verweist auf die Hauptseite. --[[Benutzer:Wö-ma|Wö]]-[[Benutzer Diskussion:Wö-ma|ma]] 23:46, 12. Mär. 2008 (CET)

Und (unabhängig von den Umlautproblemen) liefert [http://vs.aka-online.de/cgi-bin/wppagehiststat.pl?lang=de&page=%C3%96hringen das hier] einen Fehler:
Cannot handle date (0, 44, 19, 8, 7, *20050819*) at /usr/lib/cgi-bin/wppagehiststat.pl line 404
Gruß, [[Benutzer:PDD|— PDD —]] 00:11, 13. Mär. 2008 (CET)

: Sorry für die Verzögerung, aber die Suche geht nun wieder auch für "Öhringen". -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 08:14, 18. Mär. 2008 (CET)

== Quelle bei telefonischer Recherche ==

Hallo, ich habe da mal eine Frage *grins* Ich recherchiere gerade für einen Artikel über einen Schauspieler, Helmut Gauß, und habe eine Frage zu einer möglichen Quellenangabe. Ich habe mit dem Schauspieler und Syncronsprecher Kontakt aufgenommen und werde in den nächsten Tagen mit diesem telefonieren, weil im Internet, besonders nicht auf seiner Homepage, alle Angaben, die ich für einen guten Artikel benötige, hinterlegt sind. Meine Frage ist nun was ich mit den Informationen, die ich am Telefon bekomme mache. Ich kann für diese Sachen (wie z. B. sein Geburtsdatum) keine Quellen angeben? Oder kann ich in einem solchen Fall als Quellenangabe in die Zusammenfassung „Telefonat mit Herrn Gauß am _._.__“ reinschreiben?! Wäre ganz lieb, wenn Du mir bei dem Problem kurz helfen könntest!? -- [[Benutzer:RacoonyRE|RacoonyRE]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:RacoonyRE|(Disk.)]] [[Benutzer:RacoonyRE/Bewertung|(+/-)]] <big>[[Spezial:E-mail/RacoonyRE|✉]]</big> 14:14, 13. Mär. 2008 (CET)

: Ich glaube, dass ein Telefonat keine sehr gute Quelle ist, da diese nicht von anderen überprüft werden kann. Dennoch möchte ich dich bitten, deine Frage noch einmal in [[Wikipedia:Fragen zur Wikipedia]] zu stellen, vielleicht hat ja dort jemand eine gute Idee. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 14:18, 13. Mär. 2008 (CET)

== ClueBot ==

Sieh dir mal diesen fetten Editcount an: http://stable.ts.wikimedia.org/editcount/result?username=ClueBot&projectname=enwiki&showgraphs=3d&width=600
Editcount von ClueBot an da staunst du was? Der hat mehr als 400.000 Bearbeitungen du bist nicht der mit dem höchsten, jetzt bist du wohl platt --[[Spezial:Beiträge/62.158.77.76|62.158.77.76]] 18:10, 13. Mär. 2008 (CET)

: Nö. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 18:55, 13. Mär. 2008 (CET)

== Quellen-Fehlen-Bot ==

Kannst Du [[Wikipedia:Redaktion_Medizin#Wikipedia:Redaktion_Medizin.2FQuellen_fehlen|hier]] was zu sagen? Grüße --[[Benutzer:Juliana da Costa José|J.]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Juliana da Costa José|©]] [[Wikipedia:Redaktion Sexualität|RSX]]/[[Wikipedia:Redaktion Film und Fernsehen|RFF]] 13:52, 16. Mär. 2008 (CET)
: Eventuell, aber, da ich heute auf der Leipziger Buchmesse war und nun ziemlich k.o. bin, nicht mehr heute ;) -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 18:36, 16. Mär. 2008 (CET)

== Klappt immer noch nicht ==

Die alte Woche wird sehr schön herausgenommen, aber [http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Datei%C3%BCberpr%C3%BCfung/Tageskategorien&diff=43794055&oldid=43557888 dabei] hat er [[:Kategorie:Wikipedia:Dateiüberprüfung (2008-03-17)|die neue Woche]] vergessen... ...[[Benutzer:Forrester|Forrester]] ∫ ''[[Wikipedia:Dateiüberprüfung|Die Dateiüberprüfung]]'' ∫ 15:05, 17. Mär. 2008 (CET)

:Huch? ...[[Benutzer:Forrester|Forrester]] ∫ ''[[Wikipedia:Dateiüberprüfung|Die Dateiüberprüfung]]'' ∫ 17:32, 17. Mär. 2008 (CET)

:: Ich hatte ihn einfach noch einmal außer der Reihe gestartet und er hat die Woche ohne Probleme angehängt. Ich habe ehrlich gesagt im Moment keine Ahnung, was ihn in der Nacht um drei davon abgehalten haben könnte. Ich habe den Zeitplan nun so geändert, dass er ab sofort aller zwei Stunden guckt, ob es an der Seite etwas zu tun gibt - das sollte das Problem auf jeden Fall lösen. -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 17:47, 17. Mär. 2008 (CET)
{{Benutzer:Southpark/Vorlage:Auszeichnung|Aka|[[Benutzer:Denis Barthel|Denis Barthel]]|Tricyrtis hirta - blossom side (aka).jpg}}

:::Developers, Developers, Developers, Developers, Developers! :) Danke. ...[[Benutzer:Forrester|Forrester]] ∫ ''[[Wikipedia:Dateiüberprüfung|Die Dateiüberprüfung]]'' ∫ 22:21, 17. Mär. 2008 (CET)

==Nur damit das mal klar ist: ==

Hunderttausende Edits, Hunderte hervorragender Fotografien, darunter dutzende exzellenter Bilder und einen Sack voller Skripte, die vor allem bei den Lebewesenikis/Bionauten das Herz der Qualitätssicherung darstellen. Vielen Dank für diese außerordentliche Leistung, du bist eine der ehernen Stützen der Wikipedia. Dafür danken wir dir. [[Benutzer:Denis Barthel|Denis Barthel]] 21:26, 17. Mär. 2008 (CET)
:Amen! [[Benutzer:Marcus Cyron|Marcus Cyron]] [[Benutzer:Marcus Cyron/In Memoriam|in memoriam Erwin Geschonneck]] 23:19, 17. Mär. 2008 (CET)
:Oh :) -- [[user:aka|aka]] 08:13, 18. Mär. 2008 (CET)

== Message from your English Wiki account: ==

=== Page stats problem ===

I have been attempting to get a stat history of [[I Am Legend (film)]], but I only get this response:

"Cannot handle date (0, 31, 03, 1, 2, 2047) at /usr/lib/cgi-bin/wppagehiststat.pl line 404"

Any ideas? '''[[User:SilkTork|SilkTork]]''' *[[User talk:SilkTork|What's YOUR point?]] 10:36, 13 March 2008 (UTC)

:Similar error for me (searching on [[Mr. Bean]]):
:"Cannot handle date (0, 26, 13, 26, 3, 6488) at /usr/lib/cgi-bin/wppagehiststat.pl line 404"
:[[User:EyeSerene|EyeSerene]][[User talk:EyeSerene|talk]] 11:51, 13 March 2008 (UTC)

Your email account is not active, and I note you haven't been on the English Wiki since December last year. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:SilkTork SilkTork].

: Thanks for your note. I corrected the problem already. -- [[user:aka|aka]] 14:51, 18. Mär. 2008 (CET)

== [[Wikipedia Diskussion:Kandidaten für exzellente Bilder#Jahresfrist]] ==
Hallo André,

in einer Diskussion (s.o.) bei KEB ist die Frage aufgetaucht, welche Grundlage (Abstimmung, schlechte Erfahrung durch einen konkreten Anlass, o.ä.) die Regeländerung mit der Jahresfrist ausgelöst hat. Kannst du dich noch erinnern? Ich wollte auch Roger McLassus fragen, aber er ist nur sporadisch tätig und sein letzter Edit liegt auch ein paar Wochen zurück. Gruß – [[Benutzer:Wladyslaw Sojka|Wladyslaw]] [[Benutzer Diskussion:Wladyslaw Sojka|[Disk.]]] 14:38, 19. Mär. 2008 (CET)

: Sorry, das ist zu lange her ;) -- Gruß, [[user:aka|aka]] 15:10, 19. Mär. 2008 (CET)

== Page History Statistics nochmal ==

Hallo Aka,

Ich möchte weißen wie kann ich eine direkte URL für ein Artikel ergeben. Was sind die Parameter? [[Benutzer:16@r|16@r]] 20:04, 20. Mär. 2008 (CET)

Dies iræ

2008-03-20T15:48:10Z

16@r: AZ: Weiterleitung nach Dies irae erstellt

#REDIRECT [[Dies irae]]

ONU

2008-03-18T21:30:24Z

16@r: Begriffsklärung

Die Abkürzung '''ONU''' steht für:
*[[Optical Network Unit]] (Englisch)
*[[Vereinte Nationen|Organisation des nations unies]] (Französich)

{{Begriffsklärung}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Apc}}
[[Kategorie:Abkürzung|ONU]]

[[en:ONU]]
[[fr:ONU (homonymie)]]
[[it:ONU (disambigua)]]
[[ja:ONU]]

DRE

2008-03-18T21:24:18Z

16@r: +en & it

'''DRE''' tritt in verschiedenen Zusammenhängen auf:

* als Bestandteil des Names eines US-amerikanischen Rappers - [[Dr. Dre]]
* als früheres Pseudonym des Rappers und Sängers [[André 3000]]
* als Abkürzung für die [[Deutsche Regionaleisenbahn|Deutschen Regionaleisenbahn GmbH]], eine deutsche Eisenbahngesellschaft.

{{Begriffsklärung}}

[[en:DRE]]
[[it:DRE]]

Englischsprachige Wikipedia

2008-03-16T00:52:37Z

16@r: /* Infobox */ collapsible=yes

{{Infobox website
| name = [[Image:Wikipedia's W.svg|16px|Favicon of Wikipedia]] English Wikipedia
| logo = [[Image:Wikipedia-logo-en.png|Logo of the English Wikipedia]]
| screenshot = [[Image:EnglishWikipediaMainPage3rdAugust2007.PNG|280px|The [[Main Page]] of the English Wikipedia.]]
| collapsible = yes
| caption = The [[Main Page]] of the English Wikipedia.
| url = http://en.wikipedia.org/
| commercial = No
| launch date = [[15 January]] [[2001]]
| type = [[Internet encyclopedia project]]
| language = English
| registration = Optional
| owner = [[Wikimedia Foundation]]
| author = [[Jimmy Wales]], [[Larry Sanger]]<ref name=foundercontroversy>There is some controversy over who founded Wikipedia. Wikipedia's official [http://web.archive.org/web/20011104094947/www.wikipedia.com/wiki/Wikipedia personnel page from September 2001] states Wales and Sanger were the two co-founders, and that there was no editor-in-chief. Wales considers himself to be the sole founder of Wikipedia and has told the ''[[Boston Globe]]'' that "it's preposterous" to call Sanger the co-founder. However, Sanger strongly contests that description. He was identified as a co-founder of Wikipedia at least as early as September 2001 and referred to himself that way as early as January 2002.
* {{cite news|url=http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html|author =Jonathan Sidener|title =Everyone's Encyclopedia|accessdate = 2006-10-15|publisher=San Diego Union Tribune|date = [[December 6]], [[2004]]}}
* {{cite news|author=Peter Meyers|title=Fact-Driven? Collegial? This Site Wants You|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9800E5D6123BF933A1575AC0A9679C8B63&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fSubjects%2fC%2fComputer%20Software|publisher =[[New York Times]]|accessdate = 2006-10-15|date=[[2001-09-20]]}}
* {{cite web|url=http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_and_why_it_matters&oldid=149626|author=[[Larry Sanger|Sanger, Larry]]|title=What Wikipedia is and why it matters|accessdate = 2006-04-12}}</ref>}}
[[Image:English Wikipedia contributors by country.png|thumb|English Wikipedia contributors by country<ref>[[:m:Edits by project and country of origin]]</ref>]]

The '''English Wikipedia''' is the [[English language|English]] edition of the [[Wikipedia]] [[encyclopedia]]. Founded on [[15 January]] [[2001]] and reaching two million articles by [[September 2007]],<ref >{{cite news |first=Anjali |last=Rego |title= Wikipedia Reaches 2 Million Articles |url=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/websites-internet/wikipedia-reaches-2-million-articles/16031/0 |work=Tech2 |date=[[2007-09-13]] |accessdate=2007-09-23 }}</ref> it was the first edition of Wikipedia and remains the largest, with more than three times the size of the next largest, the [[German Wikipedia]]. As of 2007, approximately one-quarter of articles in all Wikipedias belong to the English language edition, this share having gradually declined from over half in 2003, due to growth of Wikipedias in other languages.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Wikipedias&oldid=520778|title=List of Wikipedias|author=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki|date=[[2007-01-30]]|accessdate=2007-01-30}}</ref>

== Pioneering edition ==
The English Wikipedia was the first-established Wikipedia edition and has remained the largest. It has pioneered many conventions, policies and features that have been adopted by other Wikipedia editions. These include "featured articles",<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Featured_articles&oldid=104207677|title=Featured articles|author=English Wikipedia|date=[[2007-01-30]]|accessdate=2007-01-30}}</ref> the neutral point of view policy,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view&oldid=103033132|title=Neutral point of view|author=English Wikipedia|date=[[2007-01-25]]|accessdate=2007-01-30}}</ref> navigation templates,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Template&oldid=520481|title=Help:Template|author=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki|date=[[2007-01-29]]|accessdate=2007-01-30}}</ref> sorting of short "stub" articles into sub-categories,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:WikiProject_Stub_sorting&oldid=101829026|title=WikiProject Stub sorting|author=English Wikipedia|date=[[2007-01-19]]|accessdate=2007-01-30}}</ref> dispute resolution mechanisms such as mediation and arbitration,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Resolving_disputes&oldid=103577785|title=Resolving disputes|author=English Wikipedia|date=[[2007-01-27]]|accessdate=2007-01-30}}</ref> and weekly collaborations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Article_Creation_and_Improvement_Drive&oldid=104243512|title=Article Creation and Improvement Drive|author=English Wikipedia|date=[[2007-01-30]]|accessdate=2007-01-30}}</ref> In turn, the English Wikipedia has adopted features from the [[German Wikipedia]], and from other smaller editions as well.

Many of the most active participants in the [[Wikimedia Foundation]], and developers of the [[MediaWiki]] software that powers Wikipedia, are also English Wikipedia users.

== Controversies ==
{{seealso|Seigenthaler incident}}
Among the controversies in the English Wikipedia is a debate over which national variety of the English language is to be preferred, with the most commonly advocated candidates being [[American English]] and [[British English]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style_%28spelling%29||title=Wikipedia:Manual of Style (spelling)|author=English Wikipedia|accessdate=2006-02-25}}</ref> There has been a [[Chinese Wikipedia#Automatic conversion between Traditional and Simplified Chinese|similar issue in the Chinese language Wikipedia]], although with a different solution. Many suggestions have been proposed by editors, ranging from standardizing upon a single form of English to [[fork (software)|forking]] the English Wikipedia project. A style guideline states, "the English Wikipedia has no general preference for a major national variety of the language" and "an article on a topic that has strong ties to a particular English-speaking nation uses the appropriate variety of English for that nation."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#National_varieties_of_English|title=Wikipedia:Manual of Style|author=English Wikipedia|accessdate=2007-10-10}}</ref> An article should use spelling and grammar variants consistently; for example, ''center'' and ''centre'' are not to be used in the same article. The guide also states that an article must remain written in whichever [[dialect]] the article was initially created, or which first became discernible in the article's history.

== Users and editors ==
English Wikipedia reached 4,000,000 registered user accounts on [[1 April]] [[2007]],<ref name="4,000,000">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2007-04-02/News_and_notes Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2007-04-02/News and notes]. Retrieved on 20 April 2007</ref> just a little over a year since it has crossed a threshold of 1,000,000 registered user accounts in late February 2006.<ref name="1,000,000">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2006-02-27/News_and_notes Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2006-02-27/News and notes]. Retrieved on 20 April 2007</ref> The number of individual persons who are active editors (either registered or anonymous) at Wikipedia on any given month is much less than these figures.

As the largest Wikipedia edition, and because the [[English language]] is such a widely used language, the English Wikipedia draws many users and editors whose [[native language]] is not English. Such users seek information from the English Wikipedia rather than the Wikipedia of their native language simply because the English Wikipedia contains more information. Many successful collaborations have developed between non-native English speakers who add content to English Wikipedia and native English speakers who act as copy editors for those adding content.

== See also ==
* [[History of Wikipedia]]
* [[Criticism of Wikipedia]]
* [[Simple English Wikipedia]]

== Notes and references ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

== External links ==
* [http://en.wikipedia.org English Wikipedia] 
* [http://www.wikipedia.org Wikipedia.org multilingual portal]
* [http://wikimediafoundation.org Wikimedia Foundation]

{{Wikipedias}}
{{Wikipedia-stub}}

[[Category:Wikipedias by language]]
[[Category:2001 establishments]]
[[Category:English-language encyclopedias]]

[[ar:ويكيبيديا الإنجليزية]]
[[be:Англійская Вікіпедыя]]
[[be-x-old:Ангельская Вікіпэдыя]]
[[bg:Уикипедия на английски език]]
[[ca:Viquipèdia en anglès]]
[[cs:Anglická Wikipedie]]
[[da:Engelsk Wikipedia]]
[[el:Αγγλική Βικιπαίδεια]]
[[es:Wikipedia en inglés]]
[[eu:Ingelesezko Wikipedia]]
[[fa:ویکی‌پدیای انگلیسی]]
[[fr:Wikipédia en anglais]]
[[gl:Wikipedia en inglés]]
[[ko:영어 위키백과]]
[[hr:Wikipedija na engleskom jeziku]]
[[ig:Wikipedia nke ndị bekee]]
[[he:ויקיפדיה האנגלית]]
[[lt:Angliška Vikipedija]]
[[ms:Wikipedia Bahasa Inggeris]]
[[nl:Engelstalige Wikipedia]]
[[ja:英語版ウィキペディア]]
[[no:Engelsk Wikipedia]]
[[uz:Ingliz Vikipediyasi]]
[[pl:Anglojęzyczna Wikipedia]]
[[pt:Wikipédia em inglês]]
[[ru:Английская Википедия]]
[[simple:English Wikipedia]]
[[sh:Engleska Wikipedija]]
[[sv:Engelskspråkiga Wikipedia]]
[[th:วิกิพีเดียภาษาอังกฤษ]]
[[yi:ענגלישע וויקיפעדיע]]
[[zh-yue:英文維基百科]]
[[bat-smg:Onglėška Vikipedėjė]]
[[zh:英語維基百科]]

Bugsy

2008-03-15T00:51:28Z

16@r: +en & fr

'''Bugsy''' bezeichnet:

* einen US-amerikanischen Spitznamen zahlreicher Personen:
** [[Bugsy Siegel]], alias ''Benjamin Siegel'', US-amerikanischer Mafioso
** [[Martin Goldstein (Mafioso)|Martin "Bugsy" Goldstein]], US-amerikanischer Mafioso
* den US-amerikanischen Fim über ''Bugsy Siegel'' aus dem Jahr 1991, siehe [[Bugsy (Film)]]
* ein Monster aus der [[Pokémon]]-Reihe

===== Siehe auch: =====
* [[Bug]], Begriffsklärung
* [[Bugs]], Begriffsklärung

{{Begriffsklärung}}

[[en:Bugsy (disambiguation)]]
[[es:Bugsy]]
[[fr:Bugsy]]

Fußballerin

2008-03-07T23:11:31Z

16@r: AZ: Weiterleitung nach Frauenfußball erstellt

#REDIRECT [[Frauenfußball]]

Holub

2008-03-05T22:54:04Z

16@r: +en

Personen namens '''Holub''' sind:

*[[Emil Holub]] (1847–1902), österreichischer Afrikaforscher
*[[Josef Holub (Autor)]] (* 1926), deutscher Kinder- und Jugendbuchautor
*[[Josef Holub (Biologe)]] (1930–1999), tschechischer Botaniker
*[[Josef Holub (Maler)]] (1870–1957), tschechischer Landschaftsmaler
*[[Josef Holub (Schauspieler)]], österreichischer Komiker der Stummfilmzeit, ''Seff'' in [[Cocl & Seff]]
*[[Karl Holub]] (1830–1903), böhmischer Waffentechniker
*[[Manfred Holub]] (* 1957) österreichischer Popsänger
*[[Miroslav Holub]] (1923–1998), tschechischer Dichter
*[[Rolf Holub]] (* 1956), österreichischer Kabarettist und Politiker

{{Begriffsklärung}}

[[en:Holub]]

Radin

2008-02-26T13:49:38Z

16@r: interwiki (en, fr)

Mit '''Radin''' werden folgende Personen bezeichnet:

* [[Joshua Radin]]
* [[Paul Radin]]

{{Begriffsklärung}}

[[en:Radin]]
[[fr:Radin]]

Verkehr in Kuba

2008-02-25T19:08:56Z

16@r: {{Transportation in North America}}

{{CIA}}
'''Transportation in [[Cuba]]''' is comprised of a system of railways, roads, buses, airports, waterways, ports and harbours:

==[[Railway]]s==
{{main|Ferrocarriles de Cuba}}
[[Image:Ferrocarriles de cuba map.gif|250px|right|thumb|Railway network in Cuba]]
*''total:'' 11,968 km (4,226 km + 7,742 km)
*''[[standard gauge]]:'' 4,226 km {{Standard gauge}} gauge (140 km electrified)
*''note:'' an additional 7,742 km of track is used by sugar plantations; about 65% of this track is standard gauge; the rest is [[Narrow gauge railway|narrow gauge]] (2003)

Cuba built the first railway system in the Spanish empire, before [[History of rail transport in Spain|the 1848 start in the Iberian peninsula]]. While the rail infrastructure dates from colonial and early republican times, passenger service along the principal Havana to Santiago corridor is increasingly reliable and popular with tourists who can purchase tickets in [[Cuban convertible peso]]s. As with most public transport in Cuba, the vehicles used are second hand, and the flagship ''Tren Francés'' ("French train") between [[Havana]] and [[Santiago de Cuba]] is operated by coaches originally used in Europe between [[Paris]] and [[Amsterdam]] on the ex-[[Trans-Europe Express|TEE]] express. The train is formed by 12 coaches and a [[People's Republic of China|Chinese]]-built [[locomotive]].

With the order of 12 new Chinese locomotives, built specially for Cuban Railways at [[China Northern Locomotives and Rolling Stock Works]], services have been improving in reliability. Those benefiting the most are long distance freight services with the French train Havana-Santiago being the only passenger train using one of the new Chinese locomotives regularly. Various orders are in place for 100 locomotives from China and various freight wagons and passenger coaches.

==[[Road]]s==
[[Image:Via Blanca-Matanzas.JPG|250px|thumb|right|Via Blanca highway near [[Matanzas, Cuba|Matanzas]]]]
[[Highway]]s:
*''total:'' 60,858 km
**''paved:'' 29,820 km (including 638 km of expressway)
**''unpaved:'' 31,038 km (1999 est.)

Much of this including the [[Carretera Central|Central Highway]], the [[Via Blanca (Cuba)|Via Blanca]] and [[Via Azul (Cuba)|Via Azul]] existed prior to 1959.

==Long-distance and inter-municipality buses in Cuba ==

There are two national bus companies in Cuba. Viazul operate a fleet of modern and comfortable coaches on longer distance routes designed principally for tourists. Slower and less reliable services are provided by Astro Bus, generally with much older vehicles, many imported from the [[Soviet Union]]. These services are significantly cheaper than Viazul, and are therefore increasingly popular with budget conscious tourists and visitors to Cuba. However, ASTRO (Asociacion de Transporte por Omnibus) has recently purchased from the Chinese manufacturer Yutong Bus a fleet of nearly 1000 air-conditioned units. They are being used on most of the long distance routes nationwide and some services have been increased. However, the ticket price was also raised recently, making it less affordable for the regular Cuban that chooses ASTRO to travel. Routes that have benefited most so far are those from Havana to each of the 13 provincial capitals of the country.

On [[27 June]] [[2007]] it was reported that Cuba will start assembling the 200 first Yutong buses for inter-municipal transportation starting the second half of 2007.[http://www.cubaheadlines.com/2007/06/27/4110/cuba_to_assemble_chinese_buses.html]

==Urban buses==
[[Image:Camel bus in Havana.jpg|thumb|Camel bus in Havana]]
[[Image:Ferro bus.jpg|thumb|Ferro Bus in Levisa near [[Mayarí]] in [[Holguín Province]]]]
[[Image:Autobus de TUSSAM en La Habana.jpg|thumb|A decommissioned bus from [[Seville]], now operating in Havana]]
In Havana urban transportation is provided by a colourful selection of buses imported from the [[Soviet Union]] or [[Canada]]. Many of these vehicles are second hand (such as the 1500 decommissioned Dutch buses, which the [[Netherlands]] donated to Cuba in the mid 1990s) and despite the United States trade embargo, American-style [[yellow school bus]]es (imported second-hand from Canada) are increasingly common sights. On seven key lines in and out of the city, service is provided by ''camellos'' ("camels" or "dromedaries", after their "humps"), articulated trucks that haul as many as two hundred passengers in a passenger carrying trailer.

After the upgrading of [[Seville]]'s public bus fleet to [[Compressed natural gas|CNG-powered]] and new vehicles, many of the [[IVECO|decommissioned ones]] were donated to the city of Havana. These bright orange buses still display the name of ''Transportes Urbanos de Sevilla, S.A.M.'', their former owner, and Seville's coat of arms as a sign of gratitute.<ref>The last lot was delivered in 2006: [http://www.sevilla.org/impe/sevilla/contenido?pag=/contenidos/centro_prensa/noticias_2006/Julio/28_07_2006_m&vE=D4268,9,15 "Entrega de 16 autobuses de TUSSAM a la Habana como gesto solidario"], nota de prensa del Ayuntamiento de Sevilla</ref>
 

On [[18 July]] [[2007]] it was reported that Cuba will receive 100 urban buses from Belarus before years end, destined for use in Havana. [http://www.cubaheadlines.com/2007/07/18/4520/belarus_to_ship_100_urban_buses_to_cuba_by_late_2007.html]

Cuban State Council Vice President Carlos Lage declared in 2007 that Cuba would receive 1,142 more Chinese buses for urban transport before years end [http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/bizchina/2007-10/03/content_6151768.htm]

==[[Waterway]]s==
240 km

==[[Port]]s and [[harbour]]s:==
* [[Cienfuegos]]
* [[Havana]]
* [[Manzanillo, Cuba|Manzanillo]]
* [[Mariel]]
* [[Matanzas]]
* [[Nuevitas]]
* [[Santiago de Cuba]]

==[[Merchant marine]]==
:''total:'' 13 ships (1,000 [[Gross Register Tonnage|GRT]] or over) totaling 54,818 GRT/81,850 DWT
:''ships by type:''
* [[bulk carrier]]s 3
* [[cargo ship]]s 4
* [[LNG carrier|gas carrying tankers]] 1
* [[petroleum tanker]] 3
* [[Reefer (ship)|refrigerated cargo ships]] 2
:''registered in other countries:'' 35 (2003 est.)

==[[Airline]]s==
Besides the state owned airline Cubana ([[Cubana de Aviación]]), the two major Cuban airlines are Aero Caribbean and Aerogaviota, both of whom operate modern European and Russian aircraft.

==[[Airport]]s==
* 170 (2003 est.)

===Airports with paved runways===
*''total:'' 79
*''over 3,047 m:'' 7
*''2,438 to 3,047 m:'' 9
*''1,524 to 2,437 m:'' 20
*''914 to 1,523 m:'' 6
*''under 914 m:'' 37 (2003 est.)

===Airports with unpaved runways===
*''total:'' 91
*''914 to 1,523 m:'' 29
*''under 914 m:'' 62 (2003 est.)

==See also==
{{portalpar|Cuba|Flag of Cuba.svg}}
*[[Infrastructure of Cuba]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.cubana.cu/ Cubana Airlines]
*[http://www.aero-caribbean.com Aero-Caribbean]
*[http://www.aerogaviota.com Aero-Gaviota]
*[http://www.viazul.com/ Viazul long distance coaches]
*[http://seat61.com/Cuba.htm Information on train travel in Cuba]
*[http://www.philseed.com/Cuba.html Photos of antique Cuban cars]

{{Transportation in North America}}

[[Category:Transportation in Cuba|*]]

Broadcasters’ Audience Research Board

2008-02-21T16:22:31Z

16@r: Category:Television in the United Kingdom

The '''Broadcasters' Audience Research Board''', or '''BARB''', is the organisation that compiles [[audience measurement|television ratings]] in the [[United Kingdom]]. It was created to replace a previous system, where the [[BBC]] and [[ITV]] companies compiled their own ratings. It is owned by the BBC, the ITV companies, [[Channel 4]], [[Five (channel)|Five]], [[British Sky Broadcasting|BSkyB]] and the [[Institute of Practitioners in Advertising]]. Participating families have a box on top of their TV which tracks the programmes they watch.

Currently, BARB have approximately 5,100 homes (equating to approximately 11,500 individuals) participating in the survey. The box records exactly what programmes they watch, which is then reported back to the TV stations and the advertisers. This means that with a total UK population of 58,789,194, according to the 2001 census, each viewer with a BARB reporting box represents over 5,000 people.

BARB numbers are extremely important to [[commercial television]] stations. The trading model that is used by television companies and advertising agencies depends on the number of people watching the shows. The advertising agency will pay the television station a certain amount of money based on the number of people watching a show. The BARB numbers are used to work this out. The higher the BARB numbers, the more money a television station will make.

This leads to some interesting situations on the smaller channels. Since there are many television stations, and many hours in the day, there can be situations where BARB will record zero viewers for certain programmes.

==See also==
* [[Audience measurement]]
* [[Nielsen Ratings]]

==External links==
* [http://www.barb.co.uk/ BARB website]

{{Unreferenced|date=February 2008}}
{{UK-bcast-stub}}

[[Category:Television in the United Kingdom]]

Popo

2008-02-18T16:15:18Z

16@r: +interwiki (en & fr)

'''Popo''' ist

* ein umgangssprachliches Wort für [[Gesäß]]
* eine Namensvariante der westafrikanischen Sprachen [[Ewe (Sprache)|Ewe]]

{{Begriffsklärung}}

[[en:Popo]]
[[fr:Popo]]

Wiki Wiki Web

2008-02-17T14:02:21Z

16@r: add a link to Wiki Wiki Shuttle

'''WikiWikiWeb''' (also known as "WardsWiki") is the first [[wiki software]] ever written. It was developed in 1994 by [[Ward Cunningham]] in order to make the exchange of ideas between programmers easier. It was based on the ideas developed in [[HyperCard]] stacks that he built in the late 1980s.<ref>[http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory WikiHistory] on c2.com</ref><ref>[http://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Interview:_Wikinewsie_Kim_Bruning_discusses_Wikimania Interview: Wikinewsie Kim Bruning discusses Wikimania] on WikiNews</ref><ref>[http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-7739076742312910146 Interview with Ward Cunningham] on Google Video</ref> He installed the WikiWikiWeb on his company Cunningham & Cunningham's website c2.com on [[March 25]], [[1995]]. Cunningham named WikiWikiWeb that way because he remembered a [[Honolulu International Airport]] counter employee telling him to take the [[Wiki Wiki Shuttle]], a [[shuttle|shuttle bus]] line that runs between the airport's terminals. "Wiki Wiki" is a [[reduplication]] of "wiki", a [[Hawaiian language|Hawaiian-language]] word for ''fast''. Cunningham's idea was to make WikiWikiWeb's pages quickly editable by its users, so he initially thought about calling it "QuickWeb", but later changed his mind and dubbed it "WikiWikiWeb".
The WikiWikiWeb's ''[[Wiki:WelcomeVisitors|WelcomeVisitors]]'' page contains the following description:

:''Our site's primary focus is [[Wiki:PeopleProjectsAndPatterns|PeopleProjectsAndPatterns]] in [[Wiki:SoftwareDevelopment|SoftwareDevelopment]]. Nevertheless it is much more than just an [[Wiki:InformalHistoryOfProgrammingIdeas|InformalHistoryOfProgrammingIdeas]]. It has a culture and [[Wiki:DramaticIdentity|DramaticIdentity]] of its own. In particular, all Wiki content is [[Wiki:WorkInProgress|WorkInProgress]] and this will always be a forum where people share new ideas. WardsWiki changes as people come and go. Much of the information that remains is subjective or dated. If you are looking for a dedicated reference site,try [[Wiki:WikiPedia|WikiPedia]].''

Some words are written in [[CamelCase]] because this is the [[syntax]] used to create inter-page [[links]] by [[WikiWikiWeb]]'s software, '''[[Wiki Base]]'''.

==WikiWikiWeb and its designated sister sites==
{| class="wikitable"
! Site || Pages || Founder
|-
| WikiWikiWeb || style="text-align: right;" | [http://c2.com/cgi/wikiPages 32138] || [[Ward Cunningham]]
|-
| [[WhyClublet]] || style="text-align: right;" | [http://clublet.com/c/c/why?FindPage 4777] || [[WikiWikiWeb:RichardDrake|Richard Drake]]
|-
| [[MeatBallWiki]] || style="text-align: right;" | [http://www.usemod.com/cgi-bin/mb.pl?action=index 4622] || [[WikiWikiWeb:CliffordAdams|Clifford Adams]], [[WikiWikiWeb:SunirShah|Sunir Shah]]
|-
| GreenCheese || style="text-align: right;" | [http://www.greencheese.us/RecentChanges/recentchanges 783] || [[WikiWikiWeb:PeterMerel|Peter Merel]]
|-
| TheReformSociety || style="text-align: right;" | [http://refsoc.greencheese.us/RecentChanges/contents 644] || [[WikiWikiWeb:PeterMerel|Peter Merel]]
|-
| The Adjunct || style="text-align: right;" | [http://grault.net/adjunct/ 630] || | Earle Martin
|-
| WikiBase || style="text-align: right;" | [http://c2.com/w4/wikibase/search.cgi 360] || [[Ward Cunningham]]
|-
| FitWiki || style="text-align: right;" | [http://fit.c2.com/search.cgi 218] || [[Ward Cunningham]]
|}

==WikiWikiWeb as a precursor to other online communities==
{{Original research|date=February 2008}}
{{Unreferencedsection|date=February 2008}}
The WikiWikiWeb played an important historical role in the [[World Wide Web]] and the [[Internet]], because of its influence on other online communities. The WikiWikiWeb's focus on specialized programming made its content relatively unintelligible to people outside the programming sphere. However, editors (so-called "wiki citizens" or "wikizens"), visitors and readers of the WikiWikiWeb took up the basic idea of making pages user-modifiable and created their own new [[wiki engines]] (programs which run wikis) and wikis, outside of the WikiWikiWeb.

Wiki communities outside the WikiWikiWeb implemented their wiki engines to create wikis focused on content other than programming. The versatility of wikis and their multiple applications is what subsequently made them popular in the Internet's communities.

Probably the most famous example of the WikiWikiWeb's legacy is [[Wikipedia]]. A WikiWikiWeb user, programmer [[Ben Kovitz]] of [[San Diego, California]], introduced the WikiWikiWeb to [[Larry Sanger]] of the Internet company [[Bomis]] on the evening of January 2, 2001. At the time, Bomis was working on the online encyclopedia [[Nupedia]], but that project failed, so Sanger suggested running an open encyclopedia on [[UseModWiki]], an indirect clone of WikiWikiWeb's engine. Sanger presented the idea to [[Jimmy Wales]], the then head of Bomis, and he agreed. The UseModWiki-based encyclopedia eventually came to be known as "Wikipedia".

Other popular websites have since come to embrace the wiki method, such as [[Amazon.com]], which in [[2007]] launched its own ''[[Amapedia]]'' after two years of trialling wiki technology for customer reviews for items.

==See also==
*[[Wiki]]
*[[History of wikis]]

==External links==
*[http://c2.com/cgi/wiki WikiWikiWeb]
*[[WikiWikiWeb:WikiHistory]], including comments by Ward Cunningham
*[[WikiWikiWeb:WelcomeVisitors]]
*[[WikiWikiWeb:WikiDesignPrinciples]]
*[[WikiWikiWeb:WikiBase]] - the Wiki Base software
*Correspondence on the [http://c2.com/doc/etymology.html Etymology of Wiki] - Ward Cunningham

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Wiki communities]]
[[Category:Virtual communities]]
[[Category:Perl software]]
[[Category:Free wiki software]]

{{Wikipediahistory}}
{{Wiki software}}

[[ch:WikiWikiWeb]]
[[de:WardsWiki]]
[[fr:WikiWikiWeb]]
[[ko:위키위키웹]]
[[no:WikiWikiWeb]]
[[pl:WikiWikiWeb]]

Wiki Wiki Web

2008-02-17T13:54:44Z

16@r: /* Lead section */

'''WikiWikiWeb''' (also known as "WardsWiki") is the first [[wiki software]] ever written. It was developed in 1994 by [[Ward Cunningham]] in order to make the exchange of ideas between programmers easier. It was based on the ideas developed in [[HyperCard]] stacks that he built in the late 1980s.<ref>[http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory WikiHistory] on c2.com</ref><ref>[http://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Interview:_Wikinewsie_Kim_Bruning_discusses_Wikimania Interview: Wikinewsie Kim Bruning discusses Wikimania] on WikiNews</ref><ref>[http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-7739076742312910146 Interview with Ward Cunningham] on Google Video</ref> He installed the WikiWikiWeb on his company Cunningham & Cunningham's website c2.com on [[March 25]], [[1995]]. Cunningham named WikiWikiWeb that way because he remembered a [[Honolulu International Airport]] counter employee telling him to take the so-called "Wiki Wiki" [[shuttle|shuttle bus]] line that runs between the airport's terminals. "Wiki Wiki" is a [[reduplication]] of "wiki", a [[Hawaiian language|Hawaiian-language]] word for ''fast''. Cunningham's idea was to make WikiWikiWeb's pages quickly editable by its users, so he initially thought about calling it "QuickWeb", but later changed his mind and dubbed it "WikiWikiWeb".
The WikiWikiWeb's ''[[Wiki:WelcomeVisitors|WelcomeVisitors]]'' page contains the following description:

:''Our site's primary focus is [[Wiki:PeopleProjectsAndPatterns|PeopleProjectsAndPatterns]] in [[Wiki:SoftwareDevelopment|SoftwareDevelopment]]. Nevertheless it is much more than just an [[Wiki:InformalHistoryOfProgrammingIdeas|InformalHistoryOfProgrammingIdeas]]. It has a culture and [[Wiki:DramaticIdentity|DramaticIdentity]] of its own. In particular, all Wiki content is [[Wiki:WorkInProgress|WorkInProgress]] and this will always be a forum where people share new ideas. WardsWiki changes as people come and go. Much of the information that remains is subjective or dated. If you are looking for a dedicated reference site,try [[Wiki:WikiPedia|WikiPedia]].''

Some words are written in [[CamelCase]] because this is the [[syntax]] used to create inter-page [[links]] by [[WikiWikiWeb]]'s software, '''[[Wiki Base]]'''.

==WikiWikiWeb and its designated sister sites==
{| class="wikitable"
! Site || Pages || Founder
|-
| WikiWikiWeb || style="text-align: right;" | [http://c2.com/cgi/wikiPages 32138] || [[Ward Cunningham]]
|-
| [[WhyClublet]] || style="text-align: right;" | [http://clublet.com/c/c/why?FindPage 4777] || [[WikiWikiWeb:RichardDrake|Richard Drake]]
|-
| [[MeatBallWiki]] || style="text-align: right;" | [http://www.usemod.com/cgi-bin/mb.pl?action=index 4622] || [[WikiWikiWeb:CliffordAdams|Clifford Adams]], [[WikiWikiWeb:SunirShah|Sunir Shah]]
|-
| GreenCheese || style="text-align: right;" | [http://www.greencheese.us/RecentChanges/recentchanges 783] || [[WikiWikiWeb:PeterMerel|Peter Merel]]
|-
| TheReformSociety || style="text-align: right;" | [http://refsoc.greencheese.us/RecentChanges/contents 644] || [[WikiWikiWeb:PeterMerel|Peter Merel]]
|-
| The Adjunct || style="text-align: right;" | [http://grault.net/adjunct/ 630] || | Earle Martin
|-
| WikiBase || style="text-align: right;" | [http://c2.com/w4/wikibase/search.cgi 360] || [[Ward Cunningham]]
|-
| FitWiki || style="text-align: right;" | [http://fit.c2.com/search.cgi 218] || [[Ward Cunningham]]
|}

==WikiWikiWeb as a precursor to other online communities==
{{Original research|date=February 2008}}
{{Unreferencedsection|date=February 2008}}
The WikiWikiWeb played an important historical role in the [[World Wide Web]] and the [[Internet]], because of its influence on other online communities. The WikiWikiWeb's focus on specialized programming made its content relatively unintelligible to people outside the programming sphere. However, editors (so-called "wiki citizens" or "wikizens"), visitors and readers of the WikiWikiWeb took up the basic idea of making pages user-modifiable and created their own new [[wiki engines]] (programs which run wikis) and wikis, outside of the WikiWikiWeb.

Wiki communities outside the WikiWikiWeb implemented their wiki engines to create wikis focused on content other than programming. The versatility of wikis and their multiple applications is what subsequently made them popular in the Internet's communities.

Probably the most famous example of the WikiWikiWeb's legacy is [[Wikipedia]]. A WikiWikiWeb user, programmer [[Ben Kovitz]] of [[San Diego, California]], introduced the WikiWikiWeb to [[Larry Sanger]] of the Internet company [[Bomis]] on the evening of January 2, 2001. At the time, Bomis was working on the online encyclopedia [[Nupedia]], but that project failed, so Sanger suggested running an open encyclopedia on [[UseModWiki]], an indirect clone of WikiWikiWeb's engine. Sanger presented the idea to [[Jimmy Wales]], the then head of Bomis, and he agreed. The UseModWiki-based encyclopedia eventually came to be known as "Wikipedia".

Other popular websites have since come to embrace the wiki method, such as [[Amazon.com]], which in [[2007]] launched its own ''[[Amapedia]]'' after two years of trialling wiki technology for customer reviews for items.

==See also==
*[[Wiki]]
*[[History of wikis]]

==External links==
*[http://c2.com/cgi/wiki WikiWikiWeb]
*[[WikiWikiWeb:WikiHistory]], including comments by Ward Cunningham
*[[WikiWikiWeb:WelcomeVisitors]]
*[[WikiWikiWeb:WikiDesignPrinciples]]
*[[WikiWikiWeb:WikiBase]] - the Wiki Base software
*Correspondence on the [http://c2.com/doc/etymology.html Etymology of Wiki] - Ward Cunningham

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Wiki communities]]
[[Category:Virtual communities]]
[[Category:Perl software]]
[[Category:Free wiki software]]

{{Wikipediahistory}}
{{Wiki software}}

[[ch:WikiWikiWeb]]
[[de:WardsWiki]]
[[fr:WikiWikiWeb]]
[[ko:위키위키웹]]
[[no:WikiWikiWeb]]
[[pl:WikiWikiWeb]]

Liste der Auszeichnungen der Fernsehserie Die Simpsons

2008-02-10T16:58:00Z

16@r: Category:The Simpsons lists (subcategory)

{| class="infobox" style="width: 25em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%; vertical-align: middle;"
|+ '''List of awards won by ''The Simpsons'''''
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | [[Image:Walk of fame - The Simpsons.jpg|220px]]
''The Simpsons'' star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]].
|- bgcolor=#D9E8FF
| style="text-align:center;" | Award
| style="text-align:center;background: #cceecc;text-size:0.9em" width=50| Won
|- bgcolor=#ddddff
|align="center"|
;[[American Comedy Awards]]
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| 1
|- bgcolor=#eeeeff
|align="center"|
;[[Annie Awards]]
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| 26
|- bgcolor=#ddddff
|align="center"|
;[[Nickelodeon Australian Kids' Choice Awards|Australian Kids' Choice Awards]]
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| 5
|- bgcolor=#eeeeff
|align="center"|
;[[British Comedy Awards]]
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| 3
|- bgcolor=#ddddff
|align="center"|
;[[Primetime Emmy Awards]]
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| 23
|- bgcolor=#eeeeff
|align="center"|
;[[Environmental Media Awards]]
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| 7
|- bgcolor=#ddddff
|align="center"|
;[[Genesis Awards]]
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| 5
|- bgcolor=#eeeeff
|align="center"|
;[[GLAAD Media Awards]]
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| 1
|- bgcolor=#ddddff
|align="center"|
;[[Golden Reel Award]]s
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| 1
|- bgcolor=#eeeeff
|align="center"|
;[[Hollywood Walk of Fame]]
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| Awarded
|- bgcolor=#ddddff
|align="center"|
;International Monitor Awards
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| 9<ref name="Foxflash"/>
|- bgcolor=#eeeeff
|align="center"|
;[[Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards|Kids' Choice Awards]]
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| 2
|- bgcolor=#ddddff
|align="center"|
;[[Peabody Awards]]
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| 1
|- bgcolor=#eeeeff
|align="center"|
;[[People's Choice Awards]]
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| 2
|- bgcolor=#ddddff
|align="center"|
;[[Satellite Awards]]
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| 1
|- bgcolor=#eeeeff
|align="center"|
;[[The Saturn Awards|Saturn Awards]]
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| 1
|- bgcolor=#ddddff
|align="center"|
;[[Television Critics Association|TCA Awards]]
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| 2
|- bgcolor=#eeeeff
|align="center"|
;[[Teen Choice Awards]]
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| 1
|- bgcolor=#ddddff
|align="center"|
;[[Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards|UK Kids' Choice Awards]]
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| 1
|- bgcolor=#eeeeff
|align="center"|
;[[Writers Guild of America Award|WGA Awards]]
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| 5
|- bgcolor=#ddddff
|align="center"|
;[[Young Artist Awards]]
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| 1
|- bgcolor=#D9E8FF
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | '''Awards won by ''The Simpsons Movie'''''
|- bgcolor=#eeeeff
|align="center"|
;[[British Comedy Awards]]
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| 1
|- bgcolor=#ddddff
|align="center"|
;Golden Trailer Awards
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| 1
|- bgcolor=#eeeeff
|align="center"|
;[[Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards|UK Kids' Choice Awards]]
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| 1
|- bgcolor=#ddddff
|align="center"|
;[[National Movie Awards]]
|style="text-align:center;background: #ddffdd;vertical-align: middle;"| 1
|- bgcolor=#D9E8FF
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | '''Total awards won'''
|- bgcolor=#ddffdd
| style="text-align:center;" | '''''The Simpsons'''''
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center;text-size:0.9em;vertical-align: middle;" width=50| '''98+'''
|- bgcolor=#ddffdd
| style="text-align:center;" | '''''The Simpsons Movie'''''
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center;text-size:0.9em;vertical-align: middle;" width=50| '''4'''
|- bgcolor=#D9E8FF
| colspan="3" style="font-size: smaller; text-align:center;" | [[#References|Footnotes]]
|}
This is a list of notable '''awards won by the ''The Simpsons''''' and ''[[The Simpsons Movie]]''. ''[[The Simpsons]]'', an [[animation|animated]] [[United States|American]] [[Situation comedy|sitcom]], is the longest running [[prime time]] animated series in the United States. It has won many different awards, including 23 Emmy awards, including nine for [[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Animated Program (For Programming less than One Hour)|Outstanding Animated Program (for programming one hour or less)]]. However, ''The Simpsons'' has never been nominated for [[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series|Outstanding Comedy Series]], although the show was submitted in the category in 1993 and 1994. [[James L. Brooks]], an executive producer on the show, won nine Emmys for ''The Simpsons'' as well as ten for other shows and holds the record for most Primetime Emmys won by a single person, with 19.<ref name="Foxflash2">{{cite news|url=http://www.foxflash.com/div.php/main/page?aID=1z2z2z175z13z4&bioid=1677|title=JAMES L. BROOKS|accessdate=2007-10-23|publisher=[[Fox Broadcasting Company|FoxFlash]]}}</ref> ''The Simpsons'' was the first animated series to be given a [[Peabody Award]], and in 2000 the Simpson family was awarded a star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]]. ''The Simpsons Movie'', released in 2007, was nominated for several major awards, including a [[Golden Globe Award]].

''The Simpsons'' also holds two world records from the [[Guinness Book of World Records]]: Longest-Running Primetime Animated Television Series and Most Guest Stars Featured in a Television Series.<ref name="Foxflash">{{cite news|url=http://www.foxflash.com/div.php/main/page?aID=1z2z2z175z13z3|title=THE SIMPSONS - Season 19 (2007-2008|accessdate=2007-10-21|publisher=[[Fox Broadcasting Company|FoxFlash]]}}</ref>

{{TOClimit|limit=3}}
==Awards for ''The Simpsons''==
===Annie Awards===
First awarded in 1972, the [[Annie Awards]] are given exclusively to animated programs. ''The Simpsons'' has won 26 Annies, including 12 straight in the "Best Animated Television Production" category.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominee
! Result
|-
| 1992
| Best Animated Television Program<ref>{{cite news|url=http://annieawards.org/20thwinners.html|title=Legacy: 20th Annual Annie Award Nominees and Winners (1992)|accessdate=2007-10-16|publisher=Annie Awards}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1993
| Best Animated Television Program<ref>{{cite news|url=http://annieawards.org/21stwinners.html|title=Legacy: 21st Annual Annie Award Nominees and Winners (1993)|accessdate=2007-10-16|publisher=Annie Awardsorg}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1994
| Best Animated Television Program<ref name="A22">{{cite news|url=http://annieawards.org/22ndwinners.html|title=Legacy: 22nd Annual Annie Award Nominees and Winners (1994)|accessdate=2007-10-16|publisher=Annie Awards}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1994
| Best Individual Achievement for Creative Supervision in the Field of Animation<ref name="A22"/>
| [[David Silverman]]
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 1995
| Best Animated Television Program<ref name="A23">{{cite news|url=http://annieawards.org/23rdwinners.html|title=Legacy: 23rd Annual Annie Award Nominees and Winners (1995)|accessdate=2007-10-16|publisher=Annie Awards}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1995
| Voice Acting in the Field of Animation<ref name="A23"/>
| [[Nancy Cartwright]] {{small|as [[Bart Simpson]]}}
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1996
| Best Animated Television Program<ref name="A24">{{cite news|url=http://annieawards.org/24thwinners.html|title=Legacy: 24th Annual Annie Award Nominees and Winners (1996)|accessdate=2007-10-16|publisher=Annie Awards}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1997
| Best Animated Television Program<ref name="A25">{{cite news|url=http://annieawards.org/25thwinners.html|title=Legacy: 25th Annual Annie Award Nominees and Winners (1997)|accessdate=2007-10-16|publisher=Annie Awards}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1997
| Best Directing in a TV Production<ref name="A25"/>
| [[Mike B. Anderson]] {{small|for "[[Homer's Phobia]]"}}
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1997
| Best Music in a TV Production<ref name="A25"/>
| [[Alf Clausen]]
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1997
| Best Producing in a TV Production<ref name="A25"/>
| [[Al Jean]] & [[Mike Reiss]] {{small|for "[[The Springfield Files]]"}}
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1997
| Best Voice Acting by a Female Performer in a TV Production<ref name="A25"/>
| [[Maggie Roswell]] {{small|for "[[Simpsoncalifragilisticexpiala(Annoyed Grunt)cious]]"}}
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 1998
| Outstanding Achievement in an Animated Primetime Program<ref name="A26">{{cite news|url=http://annieawards.org/26thwinners.html|title=Legacy: 26th Annual Annie Award Nominees and Winners (1998)|accessdate=2007-10-16|publisher=Annie Awards}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1998
| Outstanding Music in an Animated Television Production<ref name="A26"/>
| [[Alf Clausen]] & [[Ken Keeler]] for "You're Checkin' In" {{small|"[[The City of New York Vs. Homer Simpson]]"}}
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1998
| Outstanding Directing in an Animated Television Production <ref name="A26"/>
| [[Jim Reardon]] {{small|for "[[Trash of the Titans]]"}}
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1999
| Outstanding Achievement in an Animated Television Program<ref name="A27">{{cite news|url=http://annieawards.org/27thwinners.html|title=Legacy: 27th Annual Annie Award Nominees and Winners (1999)|accessdate=2007-10-16|publisher=Annie Awards}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1999
| Outstanding Writing in an Animated Television Production<ref name="A27"/>
| [[Tim Long]], [[Larry Doyle]], and [[Matt Selman]] {{small|for "[[Simpsons Bible Stories]]"}}
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2000
| Outstanding Achievement in a Primetime Animated Television Program<ref name="A28">{{cite news|url=http://annieawards.org/28thwinners.html|title=Legacy: 28th Annual Annie Award Nominees and Winners (2000)|accessdate=2007-10-16|publisher=Annie Awards}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2000
| Outstanding Music in an Animated Television Production<ref name="A28"/>
| [[Alf Clausen]] {{small|for "[[Behind the Laughter]]"}}
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2001
| Outstanding Achievement in a Primetime Animated Television Program<ref name="A29">{{cite news|url=http://annieawards.org/29thwinners.html|title=Legacy: 29th Annual Annie Award Nominees and Winners (2001)|accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=Annie Awards}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2001
| Outstanding Writing in an Animated Television Production<ref name="A29"/>
| Al Jean {{small|for "[[HOMR]]"}}
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 2002
| Best Animated Television Production<ref name="A30">{{cite news|url=http://annieawards.org/30thwinners.html|title=Legacy: 30th Annual Annie Award Nominees and Winners (2002)|accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=Annie Awards}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2003
| Outstanding Achievement in an Animated Television Production<ref name="A31">{{cite news|url=http://annieawards.org/31stwinners.html|title=Legacy: 31st Annual Annie Award Nominees and Winners (2003)|accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=Annie Awards}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2003
| Best Directing in an Animated Television Production<ref name="A31"/>
| [[Steven Dean Moore]] {{small|for "[['Scuse Me While I Miss the Sky]]"}}
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2003
| Best Music in an Animated Television Production<ref name="A31"/>
| Alf Clausen, Ken Keeler and [[Ian Maxtone-Graham]] {{small|for "[[Dude, Where's My Ranch?]]"}}
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2003
| Best Writing in an Animated Television Production<ref name="A31"/>
| [[Matt Warburton]] {{small|for "[[Three Gays of the Condo]]"}}
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| [[34th Annie Awards|2006]]
| Best Writing in an Animated Television Production<ref name="A34">{{cite news|url=http://annieawards.org/34thwinners.html|title=Legacy: 34th Annual Annie Award Nominees and Winners (2006)|accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=Annie Awards}}</ref>
| [[Ian Maxtone-Graham]] {{small|for "[[The Seemingly Never-Ending Story]]"}}
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| [[35th Annie Awards|2007]]
| Best Music in an Animated Television Production<ref name="A35">{{cite news|url=http://annieawards.org/35thwinners.html|title=Legacy: 35th Annual Annie Award Nominees and Winners (2008)|accessdate=2008-02-09|publisher=Annie Awards}}</ref>
| [[Alf Clausen]] & [[Michael Price (writer)|Michael Price]] {{small|for "[[Yokel Chords]]"}}
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2007
| Best Writing in an Animated Television Production<ref name="A35"/>
| [[Ian Maxtone-Graham]] & [[Billy Kimball]] {{small|for "[[24 Minutes]]"}}
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
|}

===British Comedy Awards===
[[Image:Matt Groening.jpg|right|200px|thumb|In 2004, [[Matt Groening]] won a Lifetime achievement [[British Comedy Award]].]]
''The Simpsons'' has won three [[British Comedy Awards]]. [[Matt Groening]] also won a special award for "Outstanding Contribution to Comedy" in 2004.<ref name="BCAs">{{cite news|url=http://www.britishcomedyawards.com/pastwinners.html|title=The Past Winners|accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=British Comedy Awards}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Result
|-
| 2000
| Best International Comedy Show
| style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2004
| Best International Comedy Show
| style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2005
| Best International Comedy Show
| style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2007
| Best International Comedy<ref name="Sitcom">{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2007/nov/07/television6|title=British Comedy Awards nominations|accessdate=2007-12-03|date=2007-11-07|publisher=[[Guardian Unlimited]]}}</ref>
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|}

===Primetime Emmy Awards===
''The Simpsons'' has won 23 [[Primetime Emmy Awards]] in three categories, but has been nominated for 56 Emmies in eight different categories. Two of these nominations were for "[[Simpsons Roasting on an Open Fire]]", which was nominated in 1990 as a separate cartoon because officially it is considered a TV special and not a part of the series, however it is included in these statistics. The show's best year was 1992, when it won seven Emmys, one for Outstanding Animated Program, and six for "[[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Voice-Over Performance|Outstanding Voice-Over Performance]]". The "Outstanding Voice-Over Performance" Emmy is awarded by a committee, so there are no nominations and it has not been awarded in some years.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.emmys.org/downloads/PT_rules2007.pdf|title=59th Primetime Emmy Awards 2006 - 2007 Rules and Procedures|accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=Primetime Emmy Awards}}</ref>

''The Simpsons'' has been nominated in the "[[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Animated Program (For Programming less than One Hour)|Outstanding Animated Program]]" for every year except 1993 and 1994. In 1993, "[[A Streetcar Named Marge]]" and "[[Mr. Plow]]" were submitted in the "[[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series|Outstanding Comedy Series]]" category. However, the Emmy voters were hesitant to pit cartoons against live action programs, and ''The Simpsons'' did not receive a nomination. The ''Simpsons''<nowiki>'</nowiki> crew again submitted episodes for "Outstanding Comedy Series" the next season, but these again were not nominated.<ref name="Jean">{{cite video | people=Jean, Al|year=2004|title=The Simpsons season 4 DVD commentary for the episode "[[Mr. Plow]]"| medium=DVD||publisher=20th Century Fox}}</ref> Since then, the show has submitted episodes in the animation category.

====Outstanding Animated Program (for programming one hour or less)====
[[Image:Jameslbrooks.jpg|right|thumb|[[James L. Brooks]] has won nine Emmys with ''The Simpsons''.]]
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Nominated Episode
! Result
|-
| 1990
| "[[Life on the Fast Lane]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1990
| "[[Simpsons Roasting on an Open Fire]]"
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 1991
| "[[Homer vs. Lisa and the 8th Commandment]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1992
| "[[Radio Bart]]"
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 1995
| "[[Lisa's Wedding]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1996
| "[[Treehouse of Horror VI]]"
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 1997
| "[[Homer's Phobia]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1998
| "[[Trash of the Titans]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1999
| "[[Viva Ned Flanders]]"
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| [[52nd Primetime Emmy Awards|2000]]
| "[[Behind the Laughter]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| [[53rd Primetime Emmy Awards|2001]]
| "[[HOMR]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| [[54th Primetime Emmy Awards|2002]]
| "[[She of Little Faith]]"
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| [[55th Primetime Emmy Awards|2003]]
| "[[Three Gays of the Condo]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| [[56th Primetime Emmy Awards|2004]]
| "[[The Way We Weren't]]"
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| [[57th Primetime Emmy Awards|2005]]
| "[[Future-Drama]]"
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| [[58th Primetime Emmy Awards|2006]]
| "[[The Seemingly Never-Ending Story]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| [[59th Primetime Emmy Awards|2007]]
| "[[The Haw-Hawed Couple]]"
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|}

====Outstanding Voice-Over Performance====
[[Image:Hankazaria05.jpg|right|200px|thumb|[[Hank Azaria]] has won three Emmy awards for "Outstanding Voice-over Performance".]]
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Winner
! Character
! Episode
! Result
|-
| 1992
| [[Nancy Cartwright (actress)|Nancy Cartwright]]
| [[Bart Simpson]]
| "[[Separate Vocations]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1992
| [[Dan Castellaneta]]
| [[Homer Simpson]]
| "[[Lisa's Pony]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1992
| [[Julie Kavner]]
| [[Marge Simpson]]
| "[[I Married Marge]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1992
| [[Jackie Mason]]
| [[Rabbi]] [[List of recurring characters from The Simpsons#Hyman Krustofski|Hyman Krustofski]]
| "[[Like Father, Like Clown]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1992
| [[Yeardley Smith]]
| [[Lisa Simpson]]
| "[[Lisa the Greek]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1992
| [[Marcia Wallace]]
| [[Edna Krabappel]]
| "[[Bart the Lover]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1993
| Dan Castellaneta
| Homer Simpson
| "[[Mr. Plow]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1998
| [[Hank Azaria]]
| [[Apu Nahasapeemapetilon]]
| 
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| [[53rd Primetime Emmy Awards|2001]]
| Hank Azaria
| Various Characters
| "[[Worst Episode Ever]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| [[55th Primetime Emmy Awards|2003]]
| Hank Azaria
| Various Characters
| "[[Moe Baby Blues]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| [[56th Primetime Emmy Awards|2004]]
| Dan Castellaneta
| Various Characters
| "[[Today I am A Clown]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| [[58th Primetime Emmy Awards|2006]]
| [[Kelsey Grammer]]
| [[Sideshow Bob]]
| "[[The Italian Bob]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|}

====Outstanding Individual Achievement in Music and Lyrics====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Song
! Episode
! Music by
! Lyrics by
! Result
|-
| 1994
| "Who Needs The Kwik-E-Mart?"
| "[[Homer and Apu]]"
| [[Alf Clausen]]
| [[Greg Daniels]]
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 1995
| "We Do (The Stonecutters Song)"
| "[[Homer the Great]]"
| Alf Clausen
| [[John Swartzwelder]]
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 1996
| "Sẽnor Burns"
| "[[Who Shot Mr. Burns? (Part Two)]]"
| Alf Clausen
| [[Bill Oakley]] & [[Josh Weinstein]]
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 1997
| "We Put The Spring In Springfield"
| "[[Bart After Dark]]"
| Alf Clausen
| [[Ken Keeler]]
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1998
| "You're Checkin' In"
| "[[The City of New York vs. Homer Simpson]]"
| Alf Clausen
| Ken Keeler
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| [[54th Primetime Emmy Awards|2002]]
| "Ode to Branson"
| "[[The Old Man and the Key]]"
| Alf Clausen
| [[Jon Vitti]]
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| [[55th Primetime Emmy Awards|2003]]
| "Everybody Hates Ned Flanders"
| "[[Dude, Where's My Ranch?]]"
| Alf Clausen
| [[Ian Maxtone-Graham]] and [[Ken Keeler]]
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| [[56th Primetime Emmy Awards|2004]]
| "Vote for a Winner"
| "[[The President Wore Pearls]]"
| Alf Clausen
| [[Dana Gould]]
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| [[57th Primetime Emmy Awards|2005]]
| "Always my Dad"
| "[[A Star Is Torn]]"
| Alf Clausen
| [[Carolyn Omine]]
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|}

====Outstanding Individual Achievement in Music Composition for a Series (Dramatic Underscore)====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Episode
! Composer
! Result
|-
| 1992
| "[[Treehouse of Horror II]]"
| [[Alf Clausen]]
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 1993
| "[[Treehouse of Horror III]]"
| Alf Clausen
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 1994
| "[[Cape Feare]]"
| Alf Clausen
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 1995
| "[[Treehouse of Horror V]]"
| Alf Clausen
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 1998
| "[[Treehouse of Horror VIII]]"
| Alf Clausen
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 1999
| "[[Treehouse of Horror IX]]"
| Alf Clausen
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| [[53rd Primetime Emmy Awards|2001]]
| "[[Simpson Safari]]"
| Alf Clausen
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| [[56th Primetime Emmy Awards|2004]]
| "[[Treehouse of Horror XIV]]"
| Alf Clausen
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| [[57th Primetime Emmy Awards|2005]]
| "[[Treehouse of Horror XV]]"
| Alf Clausen
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|}

====Outstanding Music Direction====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Episode
! Music Director
! Result
|-
| 1997
| "[[Simpsoncalifragilisticexpiala(Annoyed Grunt)cious]]"
| [[Alf Clausen]]
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 1998
| "[[All Singing, All Dancing]]"
| Alf Clausen
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|}

====Outstanding Achievement in Main Title Theme Music====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Song
! Composer
! Result
|-
| 1990
| [[The Simpsons Theme|Main Title Theme]]
| [[Danny Elfman]]
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|}

====Outstanding Individual Achievement in Sound Mixing for a Comedy Series or a Special====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Episode
! Result
|-
| 1990
| "[[Call of the Simpsons]]"
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 1991
| "[[Homer vs. Lisa and the 8th Commandment]]"
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 1992
| "[[Treehouse of Horror II]]"
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 1993
| "[[Treehouse of Horror III]]"
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 1995
| "[[Bart vs. Australia]]"
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 1997
| "[[Brother from Another Series]]"
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|}

====Outstanding Editing for a Miniseries or a Special====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Episode
! Result
|-
| 1990
| "[[Simpsons Roasting on an Open Fire]]"
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|}

===Environmental Media Awards===
[[Image:Yeardleysmithcomiccon.jpg|right|200px|thumb|In 2001, [[Yeardley Smith]]'s character Lisa Simpson won an EMA Award.]]
''The Simpsons'' has won seven [[Environmental Media Awards]].<ref name="Foxflash"/> All of the wins and most of their nominations were in the "Best television episodic comedy" category, but the series received a nomination for the Turner Award in 2005, which is given to "the scripted, primetime television episode that best deals with the issue of population growth and responsibility".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ema-online.org/awards.php#TurnerAward|title=The EMA Awards|accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=Environmental Media Awards}}</ref> Some of the nominations may be missing from this table.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Episode/Character
! Result
|-
| 1991
| Best Television Episodic Comedy
|"[[Two Cars in Every Garage and Three Eyes on Every Fish]]"<ref name="EMAIMDB">{{cite news|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0096697/awards|title=Awards for "The Simpsons"|accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=[[Internet Movie Database]]}}</ref>
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1992
| Best Television Episodic Comedy
|"[[Mr. Lisa Goes to Washington]]"<ref>{{cite news|title='Dinosaurs', 'Trials' up for environmental nods|date=[[1992-08-06]]|accessdate=2008-01-30|publisher=[[Daily Variety]]}}</ref>
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 1994
| Best Television Episodic Comedy
|"[[Bart Gets an Elephant]]"<ref name="EMAIMDB"/>
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1996
| Best Television Episodic Comedy
|"[[Lisa the Vegetarian]]"<ref name="EMAIMDB"/>
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1999
| Best Television Episodic Comedy
|"[[Bart the Mother]]"<ref name="Scully">{{cite video | people=Scully, Mike|year=2002|title=The Simpsons season 10 DVD commentary for the episode "Bart the Mother"| medium=DVD||publisher=20th Century Fox}}</ref>
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2001
| Board of Directors Ongoing Commitment Award
| [[Lisa Simpson]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/health/spotlight/2001-11-15-simpsons.htm|title= Lisa Simpson animates environmental awards|author=W. Reed Moran|date=2001-11-15|accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=[[USA Today]]}}</ref>
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2002
| Best Television Episodic Comedy
|"[[Brawl in the Family]]"<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ema-online.org/awards_12th_annual.php|title=12th Annual Environmental Media Awards|accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=Environmental Media Awards}}</ref>
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 2003
| Best Television Episodic Comedy
|"[['Scuse Me While I Miss the Sky]]"<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ema-online.org/awards_13th_annual.php|title=13th Annual Environmental Media Awards|accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=Environmental Media Awards}}</ref>
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 2004
| Best Television Episodic Comedy
|"[[The Fat and the Furriest]]"<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ema-online.org/awards_14th_annual.php|title=14th Annual Environmental Media Awards|accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=Environmental Media Awards}}</ref>
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2005
| Best Television Episodic Comedy
|"[[On a Clear Day I Can't See My Sister]]"<ref name="EMA15">{{cite news|url=http://www.ema-online.org/awards_15th_annual.php|title=15th Annual Environmental Media Awards|accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=Environmental Media Awards}}</ref>
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 2005
| Turner Award
|"[[Goo Goo Gai Pan]]"<ref name="EMA15"/>
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 2006
| Best Television Episodic Comedy
| "[[Bonfire of the Manatees]]"<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ema-online.org/awards_16th_annual.php|title=16th Annual Environmental Media Awards|accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=Environmental Media Awards}}</ref>
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2007
| Best Television Episodic Comedy
|"[[The Wife Aquatic]]"<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ema-online.org/awards_17th_annual.php|title=17th Annual Environmental Media Awards|accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=Environmental Media Awards}}</ref>
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|}

===Genesis Awards===
[[Image:Davidmirkin2.JPG|right|200px|thumb|"Lisa the Vegetarian", an episode produced by [[David Mirkin]], won a Genesis Award in 1996.]]
The [[Genesis Awards]] are given out annually by the [[Humane Society of the United States]] to "to the news and entertainment media for shining that spotlight into the darkest corners of animal abuse and exploitation."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hsus.org/about_us/offices_and_affiliates/hsus_hollywood_office/|title=The Hollywood Office of The HSUS|accessdate=2007-10-21|publisher=[[Humane Society of the United States]]}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Episode
! Result
|-
| 1993
| Best Television Comedy Series<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hsus.org/about_us/offices_and_affiliates/hsus_hollywood_office/the_genesis_awards/genesis_award_winners_and_memorable_moments/1993_genesis_awards.html|title=1993 Genesis Awards|accessdate=2007-10-21|publisher=Humane Society of the United States}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1994
| Best Television Prime Time Animated Series<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hsus.org/about_us/offices_and_affiliates/hsus_hollywood_office/the_genesis_awards/genesis_award_winners_and_memorable_moments/1994_genesis_awards.html|title=1994 Genesis Awards|accessdate=2007-10-21|publisher=Humane Society of the United States}}</ref>
| "[[Whacking Day]]"<ref>{{cite news|title='Free Willy', 'Simpsons' win Genesis Awards|accessdate=2008-01-30|publisher=[[Rocky Mountain News]]|page=56A|date=[[January 30]], [[1994]]}}</ref>
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1995
| Best Television Comedy Series<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hsus.org/about_us/offices_and_affiliates/hsus_hollywood_office/the_genesis_awards/genesis_award_winners_and_memorable_moments/1995_genesis_awards.html|title=1995 Genesis Awards|accessdate=2007-10-21|publisher=Humane Society of the United States}}</ref>
|"[[Bart Gets an Elephant]]"<ref>{{cite news|title=Films, TV Programs praised for treatment of Animal issues|accessdate=2008-01-30|publisher=[[Daily News of Los Angeles]]|page=L9|author=Yardena Arar|date=[[January 19]], [[1995]]}}</ref>
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1996
| Best Television Comedy Series, Ongoing Commitment
| "[[Lisa the Vegetarian]]"<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hsus.org/about_us/offices_and_affiliates/hsus_hollywood_office/the_genesis_awards/genesis_award_winners_and_memorable_moments/1995_genesis_awards.html|title=1995 Genesis Awards|accessdate=2007-10-21|publisher=Humane Society of the United States}}</ref>
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2007
| Sid Caesar Comedy Award
| "[[Million Dollar Abie]]"<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hsus.org/about_us/offices_and_affiliates/hsus_hollywood_office/the_genesis_awards/21st-genesis-awards/the_21st_annual_genesis.html|title=2007 Genesis Awards|accessdate=2007-10-21|publisher=Humane Society of the United States}}</ref>
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|}

===Golden Reel Awards===
The [[Golden Reel Award]]s are presented annually by the [[Motion Picture Sound Editors]]. ''The Simpsons'' has been nominated in the "Best Sound Editing in Television Animation - Music" category five times. In 1998, the show was nominated for "Best Sound Editing - Television Animated Specials", and won.<ref name="GRA">{{cite news|url=http://www.mpse.org/goldenreels/pastawards.html|title=Past Golden Reel Awards|accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=Motion Picture Sound Editors}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Nominees
! Episode
! Result
|-
| 1998
| Robert Mackston, [[Travis Powers]] Norm MacLeod & Terry Greene
|"[[Treehouse of Horror VIII]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1999
| colspan=2|
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 2000
| Bob Beecher
|"[[Treehouse of Horror X]]"
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 2000
| Chris Ledesma
|"[[Wild Barts Can't Be Broken]]"
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 2001
| Bob Beecher
|"[[Last Tap Dance in Springfield]]"
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 2003
| Chris Ledesma
|"[[Large Marge]]"
|style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|}

===WGA Awards===
''The Simpsons'' has won four [[Writers Guild of America Award]]s. The Animation category was introduced in 2003, and although the ''Futurama'' episode "[[Godfellas]]" won it in 2003, ''The Simpsons'' has dominant ever since, winning the award from 2004 to 2007 and receiving a total of 20 nominations in the category. There have only been 9 other nominees in the category.<ref name="WGA">{{cite news|url=http://www.wga.org/awards/awardssub.aspx?id=1517|title=Awards Winners|accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=[[Writers Guild of America]]}}</ref>

In 2006, long time writers [[Al Jean]] and [[Mike Reiss]] were given the "Animation Writers Caucus Animation Award" which is given to writers that "advanced the literature of animation in film and/or television through the years and who has made outstanding contributions to the profession of the animation writer."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.wga.org/awards/awardssub.aspx?id=1525|title=Animation Writers Caucus Animation Award|accessdate=2007-12-06|publisher=[[Writers Guild of America]]}}</ref>

====Animation====
[[Image:Mattselman.jpg|right|200px|thumb|[[Matt Selman]] won a WGA Award in 2004.]]
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Writer
! Episode
! Result
|-
| rowspan=3|2002
| [[Bob Bendetson]]<ref name="WGA03">{{cite news|url=http://www.wga.org/subpage_newsevents.aspx?id=362|title=55th Annual Writers Guild Awards Nominees Announced for Television and Radio |accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=Writers Guild of America}}</ref>
| "[[Blame it on Lisa]]"
| rowspan=3 style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| [[John Frink]] & [[Don Payne (The Simpsons writer)|Don Payne]]
| "[[The Bart Wants What It Wants]]"
|-
| [[Matt Selman]]
| "[[Jaws Wired Shut]]"
|-
| rowspan=3| [[Writers Guild of America Awards 2003|2003]]
| [[Matt Selman]]<ref name="WGA"/>
|"[[The Dad Who Knew Too Little]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| [[J. Stewart Burns]]<ref name="WGA04">{{cite news|url=http://www.hollywood.com/news/WGA_Announces_Screenplay_Noms/1740296|title=WGA Annouces Screenplay Noms |accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=Hollywood.com}}</ref>
| "[[Moe Baby Blues]]"
| rowspan=2 style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| [[Michael Price (writer)|Michael Price]]<ref name="WGA04"/>
| "[[My Mother the Carjacker]]"
|-
| rowspan=4| [[Writers Guild of America Awards 2004|2004]]
| [[Ian Maxtone-Graham]]<ref name="WGA"/>
|"[[Catch 'em If You Can]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| [[Joel H. Cohen]]<ref name="WGA05">{{cite news|url=http://www.wga.org/subpage_newsevents.aspx?id=475|title=57th Annual Writers Guild Awards Television and Radio Nominees Announced |accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=Writers Guild of America}}</ref>
| "[[Today I Am a Clown]]"
| rowspan=3 style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| Julie Chambers & David Chambers<ref name="WGA05"/>
| "[[Milhouse Doesn't Live Here Anymore]]"
|-
| [[Don Payne (writer)|Don Payne]]<ref name="WGA05"/>
| "[[Fraudcast News]]"
|-
| rowspan=6|[[Writers Guild of America Awards 2005|2005]]
| [[Michael Price (writer)|Michael Price]]<ref name="WGA"/>
| "[[Mommie Beerest]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| [[J. Stewart Burns]]<ref name="WGA06">{{cite news|url=http://www.wga.org/subpage_newsevents.aspx?id=1493|title=2006 Writers Guild Awards Television and Radio Nominees Announced |accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=Writers Guild of America}}</ref>
| "[[There's Something About Marrying]]"
| rowspan=5 style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| [[John Frink]]<ref name="WGA06"/>
| "[[The Girl Who Slept Too Little]]"
|-
| Stephanie Gillis<ref name="WGA06"/>
| "[[See Homer Run]]"
|-
| [[Don Payne (writer)|Don Payne]]<ref name="WGA06"/>
| "[[Thank God It's Doomsday]]"
|-
| [[Matt Warburton]]<ref name="WGA06"/>
| "[[The Father, the Son, and the Holy Guest Star]]"
|-
| rowspan=4|[[Writers Guild of America Awards 2006|2006]]
| [[John Frink]]<ref name="WGA"/>
|"[[The Italian Bob]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| [[Dan Castellaneta]] & [[Deb Lacusta]]<ref name="WGA07">{{cite news|url=http://www.wga.org/subpage_newsevents.aspx?id=2267|title=2007 Writers Guild Awards Television & Radio Nominees Announced |accessdate=2007-12-06|publisher=Writers Guild of America}}</ref>
| "[[Kiss Kiss, Bang Bangalore]]"
| rowspan=3 style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| [[Don Payne (writer)|Don Payne]]<ref name="WGA07"/>
| "[[Simpsons Christmas Stories]]"
|-
| [[Matt Selman]]<ref name="WGA07"/>
| "[[Girls Just Want to Have Sums]]"
|-
| rowspan=4|[[Writers Guild of America Awards 2007|2007]]
| [[Jeff Westbrook]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.variety.com/awardcentral_article/VR1117980615.html?nav=news&categoryid=1983&cs=1|title=Cody, Coen bros. top WGA Awards |author=Dave McNary|accessdate=2008-02-09|publisher=''[[Variety]]''}}</ref>
| "[[Kill Gil: Vols. 1 & 2]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| Matt Selman<ref name="WGA08">{{cite news|url=http://www.wga.org/subpage_newsevents.aspx?id=2653|title=2008 Writers Guild Awards Television & Radio Nominees Announced |accessdate=2007-12-13|publisher=Writers Guild of America}}</ref>
| "[[The Haw-Hawed Couple]]"
| rowspan=3 style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| [[Carolyn Omine]]<ref name="WGA08"/>
| "[[The Homer of Seville]]"
|-
| [[John Frink]]<ref name="WGA08"/>
| "[[Stop, or My Dog Will Shoot!]]"
|}

===Other awards===
[[Image:Nancy Cartwright.jpg|right|200px|thumb|In 1991, [[Nancy Cartwright]] accepted a [[Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards|Kids' Choice Awards]] while wearing a [[Bart Simpson]] costume.<ref name="KCA"/>]]
In 1996, ''The Simpsons'' became the first animated series to win a [[Peabody Award]], and won it "for providing exceptional animation and stinging social satire, both commodities which are in extremely short supply in television today."<ref>"The Simpsons" in the [http://128.192.29.189/archives/ Peabody Awards "Search for Winners" database]. Retrieved on [[2007-10-17]].</ref> In 2000, The Simpsons were given a star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]]. This applies to The Simpsons in person, not the series. The star is located at 7021 Hollywood Blvd.<ref>"The Simpsons" in the [http://www.hollywoodchamber.net/icons/walk_directory.asp Hollywood Walk of Fame Directory]. Retrieved on [[2007-10-17]].</ref>

''The Simpsons'' has never won a [[Golden Globe Awards|Golden Globe Award]], but was nominated in 2002 in the "Best Television Series - Musical or Comedy" category, which it would lose to ''[[Curb Your Enthusiasm]]''.<ref name="Globe">{{cite news|url=http://www.hfpa.org/nominations/year/2002|title=Golden Globe Nominations and Winners (2002)|accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=[[Hollywood Foreign Press Association]]}}</ref> In 1999, the series was nominated for a [[British Academy Television Awards]] in the "Best International Programme Or Series" category, but would lose to ''[[The Larry Sanders Show]]''.<ref name="BATV">{{cite news|url=http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_Craft_Winners_1990-1999.pdf|title=1990-2000|accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=[[British Academy of Film and Television Arts]]}}</ref> In 1996, the "Homer³" segment of "[[Treehouse of Horror VI]]" was awarded the [[Ottawa International Animation Festival]] grand prize.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://ottawa.awn.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=25&Itemid=311|title=Past Award Winners|accessdate=2007-10-18|publisher=[[Ottawa International Animation Festival]]}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Award
! Category
! Nominee
! Result
|-
| 2004
| [[Nickelodeon Australian Kids' Choice Awards|Australian Kids' Choice Awards]]
|Fave Video Game<ref name=KCAAus04>{{cite news | title= 2004 Nickelodeon Kids Choice Awards! (Archived copy) | publisher=Kzone | url=http://web.archive.org/web/20060919094657/http://kzone.com.au/display.cfm?objectid=C759A358-7E5B-4026-96232179FA550F19&navid=EC4DAAD3-8486-4946-996C3CE4B1BE0A44 |accessdate=2007-10-31}}</ref>
| [[The Simpsons Hit & Run]]
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2004
| Australian Kids' Choice Awards
| Fave TV show<ref name=KCAAus04/>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2005
| Australian Kids' Choice Awards
| Fave TV show<ref>{{cite news | title=2005 Winners| publisher=Nickelodeon | url=http://www.nickelodeon.com.au/fullynick/specials/kidschoice2005/ph3/winners.php |accessdate=2007-10-31}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2006
| Australian Kids' Choice Awards
| Fave Toon<ref>{{cite news | title=2006 Winners| publisher=Nickelodeon | url=http://www.nickelodeon.com.au/fullynick/specials/kidschoice2006/winners.php |accessdate=2007-10-31}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| [[Nickelodeon Australian Kids' Choice Awards 2007|2007]]
| Australian Kids' Choice Awards
| Fave Toon<ref>{{cite news | title=Bindi's a big fave - and Zac's just hot| date=[[2007-10-11]] | publisher=Sydney Morning Herald | url=http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2007/10/10/1191695990675.html|accessdate=2007-10-31}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2001
| [[American Comedy Awards|American Comedy Award]]
| Funniest Animated Series<ref>"'Best in Show,' 'Malcolm in the Middle' and 'Will & Grace' Top Winners at The 15th Annual American Comedy Awards". [[Business Wire]]. [[2001-04-23]].</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| [[British Academy Television Awards 1999|1999]]
| [[British Academy Television Awards|British Academy Television Award]]
| Best International Programme Or Series<ref name="BATV"/>
|
| style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
|2000
| [[CINE|CINE Golden Eagle Award]]<ref>[http://www.cine.org/directories/2000-CINE-Winner-Directory.pdf CINE Golden Eagle Film & Video Competition 2000 Winner Directory]. CINE.org. Retrieved on [[2007-10-20]].</ref>
|
| "[[Treehouse of Horror X]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1997
| [[GLAAD Media Award]]
| Outstanding TV - Individual Episode<ref>{{cite book | last=Alberti | first=John (ed.) | year=2003 | title=Leaving Springfield: 'The Simpsons' and the Possibility of Oppositional Culture | publisher=Wayne State University Press | pages=p. 241 | id=ISBN 0-8143-2849-0}}</ref>
| "[[Homer's Phobia]]"
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| [[60th Golden Globe Awards|2002]]
| [[Golden Globe Award]]
| [[Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series - Musical/Comedy|Best Television Series - Musical or Comedy]]<ref name="Globe"/>
|
| style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 1991
| [[Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards|Kids' Choice Awards]]
| Favorite TV Show<ref name=KCA>{{cite news|url=http://www.nick.com/all_nick/shows/kca2007/|title=KCA Rewind|accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=[[Nickelodeon]]}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2002
| Kids' Choice Awards
| Favorite Cartoon<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nick.com/all_nick/specials/kca_2002/vote.jhtml|title=Kids' Choice Awards '02|accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=Nickelodeon}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2006
| [[People's Choice Awards]]
| Favorite TV Comedy Series<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.pcavote.com/pca/history.jsp?year=2006|title=People's Choice Awards Past Winners: 2006|accessdate=2007-11-09|publisher=[[CBS]]}}</ref>
|
| style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
|[[33rd People's Choice Awards|2007]]
|People's Choice Awards
|Favorite Animated Comedy<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.pcavote.com/pca/history.jsp?year=2007|title=People's Choice Awards Past Winners: 2007|accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=CBS}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| [[34th People's Choice Awards|2008]]
|People's Choice Awards
|Favorite Animated Comedy<ref name="PCA08">{{cite news|url=http://www.pcavote.com/pca/history.jsp?year=2008|title=People's Choice Awards Past Winners: 2008|accessdate=2008-01-09|publisher=CBS}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2006
| [[Satellite Awards|Satellite Award]]
| Best DVD Release of a TV Show<ref>{{cite news|url=http://pressacademy.com/satawards/forms/pdf/WinnerListMediaAdvisory.pdf|title=11th Annual Satellite Awards|accessdate=2007-10-18|publisher=[[International Press Academy]]}}</ref>
| [[The Simpsons (season 8)|Season eight]] [[The Simpsons DVD boxsets|DVD boxset]]
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1993
| [[The Saturn Awards|Saturn Award]]
| Best Television Series<ref name=Saturn>{{cite news|url=http://www.saturnawards.org/past.html#television|title=Saturn Awards - Past Winners|accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=The Saturn Awards}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 1990
| [[Television Critics Association|TCA Award]]
| Outstanding Achievement in Comedy<ref name="TCA">{{cite news|url=http://www.tvcritics.org/tca/node/154|title=Past winners of the TCA Awards|accessdate=2007-10-18|publisher=[[Television Critics Association]]}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2002
| TCA Award
| Heritage Award<ref name="TCA"/>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2007
| [[Teen Choice Awards]]
| Choice TV: Animated Show<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.fox.com/teenchoice/winners/|title=Teen Choice Awards Official Website|accessdate=2007-10-17|publisher=Fox.com}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2007
| [[Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards|UK Kids' Choice Awards]]
| Best Cartoon<ref name="UKKids"/>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2002
| [[Young Artist Award]]
| Best Family TV Comedy Series<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.youngartistawards.org/noms23A.htm|title=23rd Annual Winners and Nominees|accessdate=2007-10-18|publisher=Youngartistawards.org}}</ref>
|
| style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 2004
| Young Artist Award
| Most Popular Mom & Dad in a TV Series<ref name="YAA">{{cite news|url=http://www.youngartistawards.org/noms25.htm|title=25th Annual Winners and Nominees|accessdate=2007-10-18|publisher=Youngartistawards.org}}</ref>
| [[Julie Kavner]] & [[Dan Castellaneta]]
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2004
| Young Artist Award
| Best Family TV Comedy Series<ref name="YAA"/>
|
| style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
|colspan="4" style="font-size: 8pt" align="center"| * denotes nominated works with awards pending presentation and announcement.
|}

==Awards for ''The Simpsons Movie''==
[[Image:David Silverman in 2007-cropped.JPG|right|thumb|[[David Silverman]], director of ''The Simpsons Movie''.]]
''[[The Simpsons Movie]]'' was released on [[July 27]], [[2007]] and has been a financial success, grossing over $500,000,000 worldwide.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=simpsons.htm|title=The Simpsons Movie|accessdate=2007-10-20|publisher=[[Box Office Mojo]]}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Award
! Category
! Nominee(s)
! Result
|-
| [[35th Annie Awards|2007]]
| [[Annie Awards]]
| [[Annie Award for Best Animated Feature|Best Animated Feature]]<ref name="A35"/>
|
| style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 2007
| Annie Awards
| Best Directing in an Animated Feature<ref name="A35"/>
| [[David Silverman]]
| style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 2007
| Annie Awards
| Best Voice Acting in an Animated Feature<ref name="A35"/>
| [[Julie Kavner]] {{small|for [[Marge Simpson]]}}
| style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 2007
| Annie Awards
| Best Writing in an Animated Feature<ref name="A35"/>
| {{small|[[James L. Brooks]], [[Matt Groening]], [[Al Jean]], [[Ian Maxtone-Graham]], [[George Meyer]] [[David Mirkin]], [[Mike Reiss]], [[Mike Scully]], [[Matt Selman]], [[John Swartzwelder]] & [[Jon Vitti]]}}
| style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| [[61st British Academy Film Awards|2008]]
| [[BAFTA Awards]]
| [[BAFTA Award for Best Animated Film|Best Animated Film]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7191143.stm|title=Bafta Film Awards 2008: The shortlist|accessdate=2008-01-16|date=[[2008-01-16]]|publisher=[[BBC News]]}}</ref>
| [[Matt Groening]], [[James L. Brooks]]
| style="background: #ffffdd"| Nominated*
|-
| 2007
| [[British Comedy Awards]]
| Best Comedy Film<ref name="BCAs"/>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| [[Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards 2007|2007]]
| [[Broadcast Film Critics Association|Critics Choice Awards]]
| [[Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Animated Feature|Best Animated Feature]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bfca.org/NomineesWinners.asp|title=Nominees and Winners 2007 |accessdate=2008-01-09|publisher=Broadcast Film Critics Association}}</ref>
|
| style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| [[Chicago Film Critics Association Awards 2007|2007]]
| [[Chicago Film Critics Association|CFCA Awards]]
| Best Animated Feature<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.chicagofilmcritics.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=48&Itemid=58|title=Chicago Film Critics Awards - 1998-07 |accessdate=2008-01-02|publisher=Chicago Film Critics Association}}</ref>
|
| style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| [[65th Golden Globe Awards|2007]]
| [[Golden Globe Awards]]
| [[Golden Globe Award for Best Animated Feature Film|Best Animated Feature]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.goldenglobes.org/nominations/year/2007|title=Nominations & Winners (2007) |accessdate=2008-01-14|date=[[December 13]], [[2007]]|publisher=[[Hollywood Foreign Press Association]]}}</ref>
|
| style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 2007
| Golden Trailer Awards
| Best Animated/Family Film Trailer<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=20746|title=The 8th Annual Golden Trailer Awards Winners!|accessdate=2007-06-09|author=Edward Douglas|date=[[2007-05-31]]|publisher=Comingsoon.net}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| 2007
| [[ITV]] [[National Movie Awards]]
| Best Animation<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7019374.stm|title=Potter wins film awards hat-trick|accessdate=2007-09-29|date=[[2007-09-28]]|last=Pryor|first=Fiona|publisher=[[BBC News]]}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
| [[2007 MTV Movie Awards|2007]]
| [[MTV Movie Awards]]
| Best Summer Movie You Haven't Seen Yet<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.mtv.com/ontv/movieawards/ma07/vote.jhtml?categoryId=best_summer|title=2007 MTV Movie Awards <nowiki>|</nowiki> Best Summer Movie You Haven't Seen Yet |accessdate=2007-06-09|publisher=[[MTV]]}}</ref>
|
| style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| [[34th People's Choice Awards|2008]]
| [[People's Choice Awards]]
| Favorite Movie Comedy<ref name="PCA08"/>
|
| style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 2008
| [[Producers Guild of America|Producers Guild Awards]]
| Animated Theatrical Motion Pictures<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.producersguild.org/pg/awards_a/|title=Producers Guild Awards|accessdate=2008-01-20|publisher=[[Producers Guild of America]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/04/movies/04arts-PRODUCERSGUI_BRF.html|title=Producers Guild Honors ‘No Country’ |accessdate=2008-02-05|date=[[2008-02-04]]|publisher=''[[New York Times]]''|author=Lawrence Van Gelder}}</ref>
|
| style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 2007
| [[Satellite Awards]]
| Best Motion Picture, Animated or Mixed Media<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.variety.com/index.asp?layout=awardcentral&jump=news&articleid=VR1117976747|title=Satellite nominations announced|accessdate=2007-12-13|author=Libby McCarthy|date=[[November 30]], [[2007]]|publisher=''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]''}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.variety.com/index.asp?layout=awardcentral&jump=article&id=news&articleid=VR1117977840|title=Satellite Award winners announced|accessdate=2007-12-22|date=[[2007-12-17]]|publisher=''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]''|author=Erin Maxwell}}</ref>
|
| style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 2007
| [[Teen Choice Awards]]
| Choice Summer Movie - Comedy/Musical<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fox.com/teenchoice/winners/|title=Teen Choice '07 Winners|accessdate=2007-10-06|publisher=[[FOX]]}}</ref>
|
| style="background: #ffdddd"| Nominated
|-
| 2007
| UK [[Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards|Kids' Choice Awards]]
| Best Movie<ref name="UKKids">{{cite news|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/showbiz/a78143/in-full-nickelodeon-kids-choice-awards-uk-winners.html|title=In full: Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards UK winners |author=Levine, Nick| date=[[2007-10-20]]|accessdate=2007-10-28|publisher=[[Digital Spy]]}}</ref>
|
|style="background: #ddffdd"| Won
|-
|colspan="5" style="font-size: 8pt" align="center"| * denotes nominated works with awards pending presentation and announcement.
|}

==References==
{{refbegin}}
;General
*{{cite web|url=http://www.emmys.org/awards/awardsearch.php |title=Primetime Emmy Awards Advanced Search|publisher=Emmys.org|accessdate=2007-10-17}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0096697/awards|title=Awards for "The Simpsons"|publisher=[[Internet Movie Database]]|accessdate=2007-10-17}}

;Specific
{{refend}}
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{cite web|url=http://www.snpp.com/guides/awards.html |title=Awards & Honours |publisher=[[The Simpsons Archive]]}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0096697/awards|title=Awards for "The Simpsons"|publisher=[[Internet Movie Database]]}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0462538/awards|title=Awards for "The Simpsons Movie"|publisher=[[Internet Movie Database]]}}

{{The Simpsons}}

[[Category:The Simpsons lists|Awards]]
[[Category:Lists of awards by television series|Simpsons, The]]

[[no:Liste over priser vunnet av The Simpsons]]

{{Featured list}}

Pipeline (Unix)

2008-02-09T17:09:17Z

16@r: bypassing redirect

[[Image:Pipeline.svg|thumb|A pipeline of three programs run on a text terminal]]
In [[Unix-like]] computer [[operating system]]s, a '''pipeline''' is the original ''[[pipeline (software)|software pipeline]]'': a set of [[process (computing)|process]]es chained by their [[standard streams]], so that the output of each process (''[[stdout]]'') feeds directly as input (''[[stdin]]'') of the next one. Each connection is implemented by an [[anonymous pipe]]. [[Filter (Unix)|Filter program]]s are often used in this configuration. The concept was invented by [[Douglas McIlroy]] for [[Unix shell]]s and it was named by analogy to a physical [[pipeline transport|pipeline]].

==Example==

Below is an example of a pipeline that implements a kind of [[spell checker]] for the [[World Wide Web|web]] resource indicated by a [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]]. An explanation of what it does follows. (Some machines have /usr/share/dict/words instead.)

[[CURL|curl]] <nowiki>"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipeline_(Unix)"</nowiki> | \
[[sed]] 's/[^a-zA-Z ]/ /g' | \
[[tr (program)|tr]] 'A-Z ' 'a-z\n' | \
[[grep]] '[a-z]' | \
[[Sort (Unix)|sort]] -u | \
[[comm (Unix)|comm]] -23 - /usr/dict/words

*First, '''<tt>curl</tt>''' obtains the [[HTML]] contents of a web page (could use <tt>wget</tt> on some systems).
*Second, '''<tt>sed</tt>''' removes all characters which are not spaces or letters from the web page's content, replacing them with spaces.
*Third, '''<tt>tr</tt>''' changes all of the uppercase letters into lowercase and converts the spaces in the lines of text to newlines (each 'word' is now on a separate line).
*Fourth, '''<tt>grep</tt>''' includes only lines that contain at least one lowercase [[alphabetical]] character (removing any blank lines).
*Fifth, '''<tt>sort</tt>''' sorts the list of 'words' into alphabetical order, and the <tt>-u</tt> switch removes duplicates.
*Finally, '''<tt>comm</tt>''' finds lines in common between two files, <tt>-23</tt> suppresses lines unique to the second file, and those which are common to both, leaving only those which are found only in the first file named. The <tt>-</tt> in place of a filename causes <tt>comm</tt> to use its standard input (from the pipe line in this case). This results in a list of "words" (lines) which are not found in /usr/dict/words.
*The special character "|" tells the operating system to pipe the output from the previous command in the line into the next command in the line. That is, the output of the <tt>curl</tt> command is given as the input of the <tt>sed</tt> command.
*The character "\" is used to place all six lines into a single command line.

== Pipelines in [[command line interface]]s ==
Most [[Unix shell]]s have a special syntax construct for the creation of pipelines. Typically, one simply writes the filter commands in sequence, separated by the [[ASCII]] [[vertical bar]] character "|" (which, for this reason, is often called "pipe character" by Unix users). The shell starts the processes and arranges for the necessary connections between their standard streams (including some amount of [[Buffer (computer science)|buffer]] storage). 

===Error stream===
By default, the standard error streams ("[[stderr]]") of the processes in a pipeline are not passed on through the pipe; instead, they are merged and directed to the [[computer console|console]]. However, many shells have additional syntax for changing this behaviour. In the [[C shell|csh]] shell, for instance, using "|&" instead of "| " signifies that the [[standard error]] stream too should be merged with the standard output and fed to the next process. The [[Bourne Shell]] can also merge standard error, using <tt>2>&1</tt>, as well as redirect it to a different file.

=== Pipemill ===
In the most commonly used simple pipelines the shell connects a series of sub-processes via pipes, and executes external commands within each sub-process. Thus the shell itself is doing no direct processing of the data flowing through the pipeline.

However, it's possible for the shell to perform processing directly. This construct generally looks something like:

command | while read var1 var2 ...; do
# process each line, using variables as parsed into $var1, $var2, etc
done

... which is referred to as a "pipemill" (since the <tt>while</tt> is "milling" over the results from the initial command.)

'''Example:'''

find / /usr /var -mount -user foo -printf "%m %p\n" | while read mode filename; do
chown $NEWOWNER "$filename"
chmod $MODE "$filename"
done

(This example will traverse file directory trees changing the ownership of all files while preserving all permissions, including those that are often stripped off by many versions of the <tt>chown</tt> command).

There are a number of variations of the pipemill construct including:

ps lax | { read x; while read x owner pid parent x x x x x stat x; do
[ "$owner"="foo" -a "$stat"="Z" ] && kill "$parent"
done
}

(This example kills the parent processes for zombies owned/created by the user "foo").

Here the <tt>while</tt> loop is enclosed in a command group (the braces); and preceded by a <tt>read</tt> command which effectively "throws away" the first line from the <tt>ps</tt> command. (Of course, in this particular example it would be harmless to process the header line, as it wouldn't match the "$owner"= test). Note that the other references to the "x" variable are simply being used as placeholders for "throwing away" irrelevant fields from each line.

The defining characteristics of a "pipemill" are: some command or series of commands feeds data into a pipe from which a shell <tt>while</tt> loop reads and processes it.

==Creating pipelines programmatically==

Pipelines can be created under program control.
The <code>pipe()</code> [[system call]] asks the operating system to construct a new [[anonymous pipe]] object.
This results in two new, opened file descriptors in the process: the read-only end of the pipe, and the write-only end.
The pipe ends appear to be normal, anonymous [[file descriptor]]s, except that they have no ability to seek.

To avoid [[deadlock]] and exploit parallelism, the process with one or more new pipes will then, generally, call
<code>[[fork (computing)|fork()]]</code> to create new
processes. Each process will then close the end(s) of
the pipe that it will not be using before producing or consuming any data.
Alternatively, a process might create a new [[pthreads|thread]] and use the pipe to communicate between them.

''[[Named pipe]]s'' may also be created using <code>mkfifo()</code> or <code>mknod()</code> and then presented as the input or output file to programs as they are invoked. They allow multi-path pipes to be created, and are especially effective when combined with standard error redirection, or with [[tee (Unix)|tee]].

==Implementation==

In most Unix-like systems, all processes of a pipeline are started at the same time, with their streams appropriately connected, and managed by the [[Scheduling (computing)|scheduler]] together with all other processes running on the machine.  An important aspect of this, setting Unix pipes apart from other pipe implementations, is the concept of [[Buffer (computer science)|buffering]]: a sending program may produce 5000 [[bytes]] per [[second]], and a receiving program may only be able to accept 100 bytes per second, but no data are lost. Instead, the output of the sending program is held in a buffer, or [[Queue (data structure)|queue]]. When the receiving program is ready to read data, the operating system sends it data from the buffer, then removes that data from the buffer. If the buffer fills up, the sending program is suspended (blocked) until the receiving program has had a chance to read some data and make room in the buffer.

=== Network pipes ===
Tools like [[netcat]] and [[socat]] can connect pipes to TCP/IP [[socket]]s, following the Unix philosophy of "everything is a file".

== History==
[[Image:Automator Icon.png|thumb|75px|right|Apple Automator logo]]
The pipeline concept and the vertical-bar notation was invented by [[Douglas McIlroy]], one of the authors of the early [[Unix shell|command shells]], after he noticed that much of the time they were processing the output of one program as the input to another. His ideas were implemented in 1973 when [[Ken Thompson]] added pipes to his [[UNIX]] operating system. <ref>http://www.linfo.org/pipe.html Pipes: A Brief Introduction by The Linux Information Project (LINFO)</ref> The idea was eventually ported to other operating systems, such as [[DOS]], [[OS/2]], [[Windows NT]], and [[BeOS]], often with the same notation.

The robot in the icon for [[Apple Computer|Apple]]'s [[Automator (software)|Automator]], which also uses a pipeline concept to chain repetitive commands together, holds a pipe as recognition of the application's Unix heritage.{{Fact|date=October 2007}}

=== Other operating systems ===
{{main|pipeline (software)}}

This feature of [[Unix]] was borrowed by other operating systems, such as [[Taos operating system|Taos]] and [[MS-DOS]], and eventually became the [[pipeline (software)|pipes and filters design pattern]] of [[software engineering]].

== See also ==
* [[Tee (Unix)]] for fitting together two pipes
* [[Pipeline (software)]] for the general software engineering concept.
* [[Pipeline (computing)]] for other computer-related pipelines.
* [[Hartmann pipeline]]
* [[Anonymous pipe]] a [[FIFO]] structure used for [[interprocess communication]]
* [[Named pipe]] persistent pipes used for interprocess communication
* [[XML pipeline]] for processing of XML files

==External links==
*[http://www.linfo.org/pipe.html Pipes: A Brief Introduction] by The Linux Information Project (LINFO)
*[http://www.softpanorama.org/Scripting/pipes.shtml] Unix Pipes -- powerful and elegant programming paradigm (Softpanorama)
*[http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Ad_Hoc_Data_Analysis_From_The_Unix_Command_Line ''Ad Hoc Data Analysis From The Unix Command Line'' at Wikibooks] shows how to use pipelines composed of simple filters to do complex data analysis.
*[http://www.pixelbeat.org/programming/stdio_buffering/ stdio buffering]
*[http://www.debian-administration.org/articles/145 Use And Abuse Of Pipes With Audio Data] gives an introduction to using and abusing pipes with netcat, nettee and fifos to play audio across a network.
*[http://www.codecrazy.net/hitting-pipe-sunday.html hitting the pipe] A program that forks two processes that communicate with each other using pipes.

==References==
{{Reflist}}
* [[Sal Soghoian]] on [[MacBreak]] Episode 3 "Enter the Automatrix"

[[Category:Inter-process communication]]
[[Category:Unix]]

[[cs:Roura (Unix)]]
[[fr:Tube Unix]]
[[it:Pipeline software]]
[[pl:Potok (Unix)]]
[[pt:Pipeline (Unix)]]
[[uk:Конвеєр (Юнікс)]]

CDC 6600

2008-02-09T17:04:42Z

16@r: bypassing redirect

[[Image:Control Data 6600 mainframe.jpg|thumb|right|300px|A ''CDC 6600'' mainframe system console]]
The '''CDC 6600''' was a [[mainframe computer]] from [[Control Data Corporation]], first delivered in [[1964]]. It is generally considered to be the first successful [[supercomputer]], outperforming its fastest predecessor, [[IBM 7030 Stretch]], by about three times. It remained the world's fastest computer from 1964 to [[1969]], when it relinquished that status to its successor, the [[CDC 7600]].

The system organization of the CDC 6600 was used for the simpler (and slower) [[CDC 6400]], and later a version containing two 6400 processors known as the [[CDC 6500]]. These machines were instruction-compatible with the 6600, but ran slower due to a much simpler and more sequential processor design. The [[CDC 7600]] was originally to be compatible as well, starting its life as the CDC 6800, but during the design compatibility was dropped in favor of outright performance. The entire family is now referred to as the [[CDC 6000 series]]. The 7600 and 6600 were binary compatible, but the software developed in Sunnyvale was not compatible on the two machines.
==History and impact==
{{main|Control Data Corporation}}

CDC's first products were based on the machines designed at [[Engineering Research Associates|ERA]], which [[Seymour Cray]] had been asked to update after moving to CDC. After an experimental machine known as the '''Little Character''', they delivered the [[CDC 1604]], one of the first commercial [[transistor]]-based computers, and one of the fastest machines on the market. Management was delighted, and made plans for a new series of machines that were more tailored to business use; they would include instructions for character handling and record keeping for instance. Cray was not interested in such a project, and set himself the goal of producing a new machine that would be 50 times faster than the 1604. When asked to complete a detailed report on future plans at one and five years into the future, he wrote back that his five year goal was "to produce the largest computer in the world", and his one year plan "to be one-fifth of the way".

Taking his core team to new offices nearby the original CDC headquarters, they started to experiment with higher quality versions of the "cheap" transistors Cray had used in the 1604. After much experimentation they found that there was simply no way the [[germanium]]-based transistors could be run much faster than the 1604. In fact the "business machine" that management had originally wanted, now forming as the [[CDC 3000]] series, pushed them about as far as they could go. Cray then decided the solution was to work with the then-new [[silicon]]-based transistors from [[Fairchild Semiconductor]], which were just coming onto the market and offered dramatically improved switching performance.

During this period CDC grew from a startup to a large company. Cray became increasingly frustrated with what he saw as ridiculous management requirements. Things became considerably more tense in 1962 when the new CDC 3600 started to near production quality, and appeared to be exactly what management wanted, when they wanted it. Cray eventually told CDC's CEO, [[William Norris]] that something had to change, or he would leave the company. Norris felt he was too important to lose, and gave Cray the green light to set up a new lab wherever he wanted.

After a short search, Cray decided to return to his home town of [[Chippewa Falls, WI]], where he purchased a block of land and started up a new lab. Although this process introduced a fairly lengthy delay in the design of his new machine, once in the new lab things started to progress quickly. By this time the new transistors were becoming quite reliable, and modules built with them tended to work properly on the first try. Working with Jim Thornton, who was the system architect and the 'hidden genius' behind the 6600, the machine soon took form.

More than 100 CDC 6600's were sold over the machine's lifetime. Many of these went to various [[nuclear bomb]]-related labs, and quite a few found their way into university computing labs. Cray immediately turned his attention to its replacement, this time setting a goal of 10 times the performance of the 6600, delivered as the [[CDC 7600]]. The later [[CDC Cyber]] 70 and 170 computers were much like the CDC 6600.

==Description==
Typical machines of the era used a single complex [[Central processing unit|CPU]] to drive the entire system. A typical program would first load data into memory (often using pre-rolled library code), process it, and then write it back out. This required the CPUs to be fairly complex in order to handle the complete set of instructions they needed to run. A complex CPU implied a large CPU, introducing signalling delays while information flowed between the individual modules making it up. These delays set a maximum upper limit on performance, the machine could only operate at a cycle speed that allowed the signals time to arrive at the next module.

Cray took another approach. At the time, CPUs generally ran slower than the [[main memory]] they were attached to. For instance, a processor might take 15 cycles to multiply two numbers, while each memory access took only one or two. This meant there was a significant time where the main memory was idle. It was this idle time that the 6600 extracted.

Instead of trying to make the CPU handle all the tasks, the 6600's handled math and logic only. This resulted in a much smaller CPU, which in turn allowed it to operate at a higher clock speed. Combined with the faster switching speeds of the silicon transistors, the new CPU design would easily outperform anything then available. The new design ran at 10 MHz (100ns cycle), about ten times that of other machines on the market. Additionally the simple processor also made operations themselves faster; for instance, the CPU could complete a multiplication in ten cycles.

Of course, being simple, it wouldn't be able to do much, either. In order to handle all of the normal "housekeeping" tasks a typical CPU was asked to handle memory and [[input/output]] as well. Cray removed these instructions from the main CPU, and instead implemented them in a set of 10 simpler processors called PPs, or peripheral processing units. By allowing the CPU, PPs and I/O to operate in parallel, the design considerably improved the performance of the machine.

Of course this would also make the machine dramatically more expensive. Key to the 6600's design was to make the I/O processors, known as '''Peripheral Processors''' or ''PP''s, as simple as possible. The PPs were based on the simple 12-bit [[CDC 160A]], which ran much slower than the CPU, gathering up data and "squirting" it into main memory at high speed via dedicated hardware. To make up for their slow speed, the 6600 included ten PP's in total.

The machine as a whole operated in a fashion known as "'''barrel and slot'''", the "barrel" referring to the ten PP's, and the "slot" the main CPU. For any given slice of time, one PP was given control of the CPU, asking it to complete some task (if required). Control was then handed off to the next PP in the barrel. Programs were written, with some difficulty, to take advantage of the exact timing of the machine to avoid any "dead time" on the CPU. With the CPU running much faster than normal each memory access required ten of these faster cycles to complete, so by using ten PP's, each PP was guaranteed one memory access per machine cycle.

The 10 PP's were implemented "'''virtually'''" - there was CPU hardware only for a single PP. This CPU hardware was shared and operated on 10 PP register sets which represented each of the 10 PP "'''states'''" (like in modern [[temporal multithreading|multithreading]] processors). The "'''PP [[barrel processor |register barrel]]'''" would "'''rotate'''", with each PP register set presented to the "'''slot'''" which the actual PP CPU occupied. The shared CPU would execute all or some portion of a PP's instruction whereupon the barrel would rotate again, presenting the next PP's register set (state). Multiple rotations of the barrel were needed to complete an instruction. A complete barrel rotation occurred in 1000 nanoseconds (100 nanoseconds per PP), and an instruction could take from 1 to 5 rotations of the barrel to be completed, or more if it was a data transfer instruction.

The basis for the 6600 CPU is what we would today refer to as a [[RISC]] system, one in which the processor is tuned to do instructions which are comparatively simple and have limited and well defined access to memory. The philosophy of many other machines was toward using instructions which were complicated — for example, a single instruction which would fetch an operand from memory and add it to a value in a register. In the 6600, loading the value from memory would require one instruction, and adding it would require a second. While slower in theory due to the additional memory accesses, the PPs offloaded this expense. This simplification also forced programmers to be very aware of their memory accesses, and therefore code deliberately to reduce them as much as possible.

===The Central Processor (CP)===
The Central Processor (CP) and main memory of the 6400, 6500, and 6600 machines have a 60 bit word length. The reason for this choice is that 60 is the least common multiple of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, and 15, all of which numbers figure{{huh|date=November 2007}} in either the architecture or the packaging of the system.

The Central Processor has eight general purpose 60-[[bit]] [[processor register|registers]] X0 through X7, eight 18-bit address registers A0 through A7, and eight 18-bit scratchpad registers B0 through B7 (typically used for array indexing, with B0 permanently set to zero). Additional registers used for bookkeeping (such as the [[Scoreboarding|scoreboard]] register) are not accessible to the programmer. Additional registers (such as RA and FL) can only be loaded through the [[operating system]]. The CP has no instructions for input and output, which are accomplished through Peripheral Processors (below). In keeping with the RISC "load/store" philosophy, there are no instructions to read or write from/to core memory. All memory accesses are performed through loading an address into the A registers; loading A1 through A5 with an address would cause the data word at that location to be read into the corresponding X register (X1 through X5), while loading an address into A6 or A7 would cause register X6 or X7 to be written out to memory at that address. (Registers X0 and A0 were not involved in load/store operations this way.) A separate hardware load/store unit handled the actual data movement independent of the operation of the instruction stream, allowing other operations to complete while memory was being accessed, which required (best case) eight cycles. In modern designs this sort of operation is normally supported directly by load/store instructions, which are given an explicit memory location to read or write, instead of the address registers used in the 6600. Floating-point operations were given pride of place in this [[Computer architecture|architecture]]: the CDC 6600 (and kin) stand virtually alone in being able to execute a 60-bit [[floating point]] multiplication in time comparable to that for a program branch.

The 6600 CP included 10 parallel functional units, allowing multiple instructions to be worked on at the same time. Today this is known as a [[superscalar]] design, while at the time it was simply "unique". The system read and decoded instructions from memory as fast as possible, generally faster than they could be completed, and fed them off to the units for processing. The units were:
*floating point multiply (2 copies)
*floating point divide
*floating point add
*"long" integer add
*incrementers (2 copies; performed memory load/store)
*shift
*boolean logic
*branch

Previously executed instructions went into an eight-word [[Pipeline (computing)|pipeline]] (officially called a "stack") kept in onboard CP registers. Since the 15-bit instructions were packed four to a word, the system could pick any one of up to 32 previous instructions to run depending on which units were free. The pipeline was always flushed by an unconditional jump; it was sometimes faster (and would never be slower) than a ''conditional'' jump. The system used a 10 megahertz clock, but used a four-phase signal to match the four-wide instructions, so the system could at times effectively operate at 40 MHz. A floating point multiplication took ten cycles, while a division took 29, and the overall performance considering memory delays and other issues was about 3 [[MFLOPS]]. Using the best available compilers, late in the machine's history, [[FORTRAN]] programs could expect to maintain about 0.5 MFLOPS.

===Memory organization===


User programs are restricted to use only a contiguous area of main memory. The portion of memory to which an executing program has access is controlled by the '''RA''' (Relative Address) and '''FL''' (Field Length) registers which are not accessible to the user program. When a user program tries to read or write a word in central memory at address '''a''', the processor will first verify that a is between 0 and FL-1. If it is, the processor accesses the word in central memory at address RA+a. This process is known as base-bound relocation; each user program sees core memory as a contiguous block words with length FL, starting with address 0; in fact the program may be anywhere in the physical memory. Using this technique, each user program can be moved ("relocated") in main memory by the operating system, as long as the RA register reflects its position in memory. A user program which attempts to access memory outside the allowed range (that is, with an address which is not less than FL) will trigger an interrupt, and will be terminated by the operating system. When this happens, the operating system may create a [[core dump]] which records the contents of the program's memory and registers in a file, allowing the developer of the program a means to know what happened. Note the distinction with [[virtual memory]] systems; in this case, the entirety of a process's addressable space must be in core memory, must be contiguous, and its size cannot be larger than the real memory capacity.

All but the earliest 10 [[CDC 6000 series]] machines could be configured with an optional Extended Core Storage (ECS) system. ECS was built from a different variety of core memory than was used in the central memory. This made it economical for it to be both larger and slower. The primary reason was that ECS memory was wired with only 2 wires per core (contrast with 4 for central memory), and also because it performed very wide transfers. A 6000 CPU could directly perform block memory transfers between a user's program and the ECS unit. Wide data paths were used, so this was a very fast operation. Memory bounds were maintained in a similar manner as central memory - with a RA/FL mechanism maintained by the operating system. ECS could be used for a variety of purposes, including containing user data arrays that were too large for central memory, holding often-used files, swapping, and even as a communication path in a multi-mainframe complex.

===Peripheral Processors (PPs)===
To handle the 'household' tasks which other designs put in the CPU, Cray included ten other processors, based partly on his earlier computer, the [[CDC 160A]]. These machines, called Peripheral Processors, or PPs, were full computers in their own right, but were tuned to performing [[Input/output|I/O]] tasks and running the operating system. One of the PP's was in overall control of the machine, including control of the program running on the main CPU, while the others would be dedicated to various I/O tasks—quite similarly to [[I/O channel]]s in [[IBM mainframe]]s of the time. When the program needed to perform some sort of I/O, it instead loaded a small program into one of these other machines and let it do the work. The PP would then inform the CPU when the task was complete with an interrupt.

Each PP included its own memory of 4096 12-bit words. This memory served for both for I/O buffering and program storage, but the execution units were shared by 10 PPs, in a configration called the [[Barrel processor|Barrel and slot]]. This meant that the execution units (the "slot") would execute one instruction cycle from the first PP, then one instruction cycle from the second PP, etc. in a round robin fashion. This was done both to reduce costs, and because access to CP memory required 10 PP clock cycles: when a PP accesses CP memory, the data is available next time the PP receives its slot time.

===Wordlengths, characters===
The central processor had 60-bit words, whilst the peripheral processors had 12-bit words. CDC used the term "byte" to refer to 12-bit entities used by peripheral processors; characters were 6-bit, and central processor instructions were either 15 bits, or 30 bits with a signed 18-bit address field, the latter allowing for a directly addressable memory space of 128K words of central memory (converted to modern terms, with 8-bit bytes, this is 0.94 megabytes). The signed nature of the address registers limited an individual program to 128K words. (Later CDC 6000-compatible machines could have 256K or more words of central memory, budget permitting, but individual user programs were still limited to 128K words of CM.) Central processor instructions started on a word boundary when they were the target of a jump statement or subroutine return jump instruction, so no-operations were sometimes required to fill out the last 15, 30 or 45 bits of a word.

The 6-bit characters, in an encoding called [[display code]], could be used to store up to 10 characters in a word. They permitted a character set of 64 characters, which is enough for all upper case letters, digits, and some punctuation. Certainly, enough to write [[FORTRAN]], or print financial or scientific reports. There were actually two variations of the [[display code]] character sets in use, 64-character and 63-character. The 64-character set had the disadvantage that two consecutive ':' (colon) characters might be interpreted as the end of a line if they fell at the end of a 10-byte word. A later variant, called 6/12 [[display code]], was also used in the KRONOS and [[NOS (Software)|NOS]] timesharing systems to allow full use of the [[ASCII]] character set in a manner somewhat compatible with older software.

With no byte addressing instructions at all, code had to be written to pack and shift characters into words. The very large words, and comparatively small amount of memory, meant that programmers would frequently economize on memory by packing data into words at the bit level.

It is interesting to note that due to the large word size, and with 10 characters per word, it was often faster to process words full of characters at a time - rather than unpacking/processing/repacking them. For example, the CDC [[COBOL]] compiler was actually quite good at processing decimal fields using this technique. These sorts of techniques are now commonly used in the 'multi-media' instructions of current processors.

===Physical design===
The machine was built in a plus-sign-shaped cabinet with a pump and heat exchanger in the outermost 18 inches of each of the 4 arms. Cooling was done with [[Freon]] circulating within the machine and exchanging heat to an external chilled water supply. Each arm could hold 4 chassis, each about 8 inches thick, hinged near the center, and opening a bit like a book. The intersection of the "plus" was filled with cables which interconnected the chassis. The chassis were numbered from 1 (containing all 10 PPUs and their memories, as well as the 12 rather minimal I/O channels) to 16. The main memory for the CPU was spread over many of the chassis. In a system with only 64K words of main memory, one of the arms of the "plus" was omitted.

The logic of the machine was packaged into modules about 2.5 inches square and about an inch thick. Each module had a connector (roughly 20 pins in each of 2 vertical rows) on one edge, and 6 test points on the opposite edge. The module was placed between two aluminum cold plates to remove heat. The module itself consisted of two parallel printed circuit boards, with components mounted either on one of the boards or between the two boards. This provided a very dense, if somewhat difficult to repair, package with good heat removal that was known as [[Cordwood construction#Other meanings|cordwood packaging]].

==Operating system and programming==

If there was a sore point with the 6600 it was the [[operating system]] support, which took entirely too long to work out.

The machines originally ran a very simple [[batch processing|job-control]] system known as '''COS''', the '''''C'''hippewa '''O'''perating '''S'''ystem'', which was quickly "thrown together" based on the earlier [[CDC 3000]] operating system in order to have something running to test the systems for delivery. However the machines were intended to be delivered with a much more powerful system known as '''SIPROS''', for '''''SI'''multaneous '''PR'''ocessing '''O'''perating '''S'''ystem'', which was being developed at the company's System Sciences Division in [[Los Angeles]]. Customers were impressed with SIPROS's feature list, and many had SIPROS written into their delivery contracts.

SIPROS turned out to be a major fiasco. Development timelines continued to slip, costing CDC major amounts of profit in the form of delivery delay penalties. After several months of waiting with the machines ready to be shipped, the project was eventually cancelled. Luckily the programmers who had worked on COS had little faith in SIPROS (likely due largely to [[not invented here]] syndrome) and had continued working on it.

[[Operating system development]] then split into two camps. The CDC-sanctioned evolution of COS was undertaken at the Sunnyvale (California) software development lab. Many customers eventually took delivery of their systems with this software, then known as '''[[SCOPE (software)|SCOPE]]''' ('''S'''upervisory '''C'''ontrol '''O'''f '''P'''rogram '''E'''xecution). SCOPE version 1 was, essentially, dis-assembled COS; SCOPE version 2 included new device and file system support; SCOPE version 3 included permanent file support, EI/200 remote batch support, and INTERCOM [[time sharing]] support. SCOPE always had significant reliability and maintainability issues.

The underground evolution of COS took place at the Arden Hills (Minnesota) assembly plant. '''MACE''' ('''M'''ansfield '''A'''nd '''C'''ahlander '''E'''xecutive) was written largely by a single programmer in the off-hours when machines were available. Its feature set was essentially the same as COS and SCOPE 1. It retained the earlier COS file system, but made significant advances in code modularity to improve system reliability and adaptiveness to new storage devices. MACE was never an official product, although many customers were able to wrangle a copy from CDC.

MACE was later used as the basis of '''[[KRONOS]]''', named after the [[Chronos|Greek god of time]]. The main marketing reason for its adoption was the development of its TELEX [[time sharing]] feature and its BATCHIO remote batch feature. KRONOS continued to use the COS/SCOPE 1 file system with the addition of a permanent file feature.

An attempt to unify the operating system products SCOPE and KRONOS produced '''[[NOS (Software)|NOS]]''', the '''''N'''etwork '''O'''perating '''S'''ystem''. NOS was ''the'' operating system for all CDC machines, a fact CDC promoted heavily. Many SCOPE customers remained software-dependent on the SCOPE architecture, so CDC simply renamed it [[NOS/BE]] (Batch Environment), and were able to claim that everyone was thus running NOS. In practice, it was far easier to modify the KRONOS code base to add SCOPE features than the reverse.

The assembly plant environment also produced other operating systems which were never intended for customer use. These included engineering tools SMM, for hardware testing; and KALEIDOSCOPE, for software [[smoke testing|smoke-testing]].

==Emulation==
[[Desktop CYBER]] emulates the CDC 6400 and various CDC CYBER mainframes in software running on modern desktop PCs.

==References==
*Grishman, Ralph (1974). ''Assembly Language Programming for the Control Data 6000 Series and the Cyber 70 Series''. New York, NY: Algorithmics Press. [http://computer-refuge.org/bitsavers/pdf/cdc/6x00/books/Grishman_CDC6000AsmLangPgmg.pdf]
*[http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/CDC-6600-R-M.html#TOC/ CONTROL DATA 6400/6500/6600 COMPUTER SYSTEMS Reference Manual]
*Thornton, J. (1963). ''Considerations in Computer Design - Leading up to the Control Data 6600'' [http://computer-refuge.org/bitsavers/pdf/cdc/6x00/thornton_6600_paper.pdf]
*Thornton, J. (1970). ''Design of a Computer -- The Control Data 6600''. Glenview, IL: Scott, Foresman and Co. [http://computer-refuge.org/bitsavers/pdf/cdc/6x00/books/DesignOfAComputer_CDC6600.pdf]

==See also==
* [[CDC 6000 series]]

==External links==
*[http://research.microsoft.com/~gbell/Computer_Structures__Readings_and_Examples/00000509.htm Parallel operation in the Control Data 6600, James Thornton]
*[http://research.microsoft.com/users/gbell/craytalk/sld001.htm Presentation of the CDC 6600 and other machines designed by Seymour Cray] – by C. [[Gordon Bell]] of Microsoft Research (formerly of DEC)
*[http://members.iinet.net.au/~tom-hunter/ Emulator of a "typical" CDC CYBER 6600, 7x, 17x based system]
[[Category:CDC hardware|6600]]
[[Category:Supercomputers]]

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MyVideo

2008-02-06T12:50:04Z

16@r: +en

[[Bild:Presse logo.jpg|thumb|250px|Offizielles Logo]]
'''MyVideo''' [{{IPA|maɪː'widəʊ}}] ist ein [[Videoportal]], auf dem Benutzer [[Kurzfilm|Video-Clips]] hochladen und ansehen können.

Auf der Website findet man Film- und Fernsehausschnitte, Musikvideos sowie private Kurzfilme. Sogenannte „Video-Feeds“ können in [[Weblog|Blogs]] gepostet, aber auch einfach auf anderen Webseiten über eine [[Programmierschnittstelle]] (API) eingebunden werden.

Das Portal ist auf eine rumänische Firma aus Bukarest angemeldet, wird jedoch durch die [[ProSiebenSat.1 Media#SevenOne Media|SevenOne Interactive GmbH]] vermarktet, welche sich zunächst mit 30,05% an dem Portal beteiligt hat. Im Juli 2007 übernahm SevenOne Interactive die restlichen 69,95%.

Wie auch bei [[YouTube]] verletzt ein großer Teil der bei MyVideo veröffentlichten Clips in Deutschland geltende Urheberrechte. Da MyVideo zudem auf die von YouTube bekannte Sperre für Dateien von mehr als 10 Minuten Länge verzichtete, fanden sich dort auch komplette Folgen von Fernsehserien und sogar ganze Spielfilme, was die rechtliche Lage weiter zuspitzte. Anfang April 2007 wurde deshalb die Maximallänge der Videos auf 10 Minuten reduziert, da "MyVideo" sich ähnlichen rechtlichen Problemen wie YouTube ausgeliefert sah. Da jedoch ein sehr großer Teil der Videos auf MyVideo diese Länge überschritten, wurden diese nachträglich gelöscht. Aufgrund der Löschung und da MyVideo jedoch gerade aufgrund der fehlenden Längenbeschränkung sehr beliebt war, hat sich bei vielen Benutzern Unmut breit gemacht, was an den zurückgehenden Besucherzahlen deutlich zu merken ist.

== Gründung ==
Offiziell wurde MyVideo von einer rumänischen Firma, vertreten durch Anca-Alina Seghedi, gegründet. Hintermänner waren die Serial Entrepreneurs [[Alexander Samwer|Alexander]], [[Marc Samwer|Marc]] und [[Oliver Samwer]], die über den European Founders Fund als [[Risikokapital|Risikokapitalgeber]] fungierten.

== Entwicklung ==
MyVideo wurde im April 2006 gegründet. In Deutschland wird MyVideo von der Magic Internet GmbH mit Sitz in Berlin vertreten. Geschäftsführer ist Christian Vollmann, welcher früher bei [[Jamba!]] tätig war. Auch der Pressesprecher von MyVideo Tilo Bonow war einmal Mitarbeiter von Jamba!
 Laut IVW gehört MyVideo bereits zu den zehn reichweitenstärksten Internetauftritten in Deutschland.

== Zahlen ==

{| class="prettytable"
|- style="background-color:#ececec;" |
|rowspan=1|Benutzerkonten
|rowspan=1|über 3.300.000
|-
|Videos
|über 1.600.000
|- style="background-color:#ececec;" |
|Views pro Tag
|über 7 Millionen
|-
|Besucher
|2,4 Millionen (*)
|- style="background-color:#ececec;" |
|Mitarbeiter
|20
|-
|colspan=2|Quelle: myvideo.de, Stand November 2007
|- style="background-color:#ececec;" |
|colspan=2|* Oktober 2006, laut Nielsen NetRating
|}

== MyVideo-Show ==
Jeden Freitag um 23.45 Uhr präsentiert [[Annika Kipp]] (bekannt aus dem [[Sat.1-Frühstücksfernsehen|Frühstücksfernsehen]]) in [[Sat.1]] die besten, selbstgedrehten Clips im Angebot von myvideo.de.

[[Annika Kipp]] lädt in ihre MyVideo-Show immer Gäste ein, die sich am Ende der Sendung mit einer Videobotschaft an alle Zuschauer verabschieden.

== Weblinks ==
* [http://www.myvideo.de MyVideo-Hauptseite]
* [http://www.sat1.de/service/myvideo/ MyVideo auf Sat.1]

[[Kategorie:Website|MyVideo]]
[[Kategorie:Webanwendung|MyVideo]]
[[Kategorie:Video-on-Demand]]

[[en:MyVideo]]
[[fr:MyVideo]]

Synaptic (Software)

2008-02-05T23:36:23Z

16@r: remove dablinks, "synaptic" doesn't redirect here anymore

{{Infobox Software
| name = Synaptic Package Manager
| logo = [[Image:Synaptic.png]]
| screenshot = [[Image:Synaptic screenshot.png|200px]]
| caption = A screenshot of Synaptic
| developer = Michael Vogt
| latest_release_version = 0.61
| latest_release_date = [[2007-12-06]]
| operating_system = [[Linux]]
| genre = [[Package management system|Package Manager]]
| license = [[GNU General Public License|GPL]]
| website = [http://www.nongnu.org/synaptic/ nongnu.org/synaptic]
}}
'''Synaptic''' is a [[computer program]] which is a [[GTK+]] [[graphical user interface]] and front-end to the [[Advanced Packaging Tool]] for the [[Debian]] package management system. Synaptic is usually used on systems based on [[Deb (file format)|deb]] packages but can also be used on systems based on [[RPM Package Manager|RPM]] packages. It can be used to install, remove and upgrade software packages and to add [[Software repository|repositories]].

==Features==
* Manage multiple packages at a time.
* Source mixed multiple repositories such as ftp/http sites, network and local file systems.
* Package search utility.
* System wide upgrade
== History ==
Synaptic development was funded by [[Conectiva]], which asked [[Alfredo Kojima]], then an employee, to write a graphical frontend for APT, continuing the work initiated with the creation of the APT RPM backend, [[apt-rpm]]. Eventually Synaptic became used in Conectiva's install process. Gustavo Niemeyer also worked on it, while working for Conectiva. It is now maintained by Michael Vogt.

==Kynaptic==

Kynaptic is a graphical package management tool based on KDE and APT using the same code base as Synaptic. It does not have as many features as Synaptic and isn't currently in active development.

== See also ==
{{Commons|Synaptic}}
{{portal|Free software|Free Software Portal Logo.svg}}

*[[Adept Package Manager]]
*[[Software repository]]
{{clear}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.nongnu.org/synaptic/ Official site]
* [https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SynapticHowto Ubuntu Synaptic How-To] page

[[Category:dpkg]]
[[Category:Free package management systems]]
[[Category:Linux PMS graphical front-ends]]

{{linux-stub}}

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Lieu-dit

2008-02-05T16:54:31Z

16@r: /* Voir aussi */ +wikt

{{ébauche architecture}}

[[Image:Panneau lieu-dit.jpg|200px|right|Panneau annonçant un lieu-dit.]]
[[Image:Lieu-dit-Ronjou (Savoie).jpg|thumb|190px|right|Le lieu-dit de ''Ronjou'', à [[Saint-Baldoph]] ([[Département de la Savoie|Savoie]]).]]

Un '''lieu-dit''' - ou '''''lieudit''''' - est un endroit de faible étendue, dont le [[toponyme]] ([[nom]]) vient souvent d'une [[anecdote]] concernant ce lieu. Il prend le nom :

* d'un de ses anciens habitants ou visiteur :
** ''Chez-Billard-Haut'' ([[Charente (département)|Charente]]), ''Chez-Maurice'' ([[Haute-Savoie]]),
** ''la Girardière'', ''les Grandes Châtelaines'',
** ''Kertanguy'' ([[Basse-Bretagne]]),
** ''Saint-Aubin-des-Chaumes'', ''Saint-Brisson'', etc.,
** ''la Ville Hamon'', ''la Ville Juhel'', etc. ;

* d'une particularité de sa [[géographie]] :
** les ''Bel-Air'', ''Beausoleil'' sont nombreux en métropole,
** ''le Bout du Monde'', à [[Sixt-Fer-à-Cheval]]
** ''la Clarté'' (en [[Perros-Guirec]]),
** ''le Val du Puits'' ;

* de son histoire locale :
** ''le Camp de César'',
** ''la Mi-Voie'',
** ''le [[Saut des Français]]'' (en [[Duranus]]).

* d'un ancien village :
** ''[[Moncourt (chapelle)|Moncourt]]''

* ou de sa destination :
** ''les Hautes Granges'',
** ''la Vénerie''.

Lorsque le nom du lieu-dit comporte un article, celui-ci s'écrit ''toujours'' en [[bas-de-casse]], le [[substantif]] seul prenant une [[Capitale_et_majuscule|capitale]] initiale : '''la''' Corderie, '''le''' Portel, etc.

On fait souvent l'[[amalgame]] entre [[hameau]] (ou [[écart]]) et lieu-dit. La différence vient du fait qu'un lieu-dit n'est pas forcément un lieu habité, le hameau si.

==Voir aussi==
{{Wiktionnaire}}
===Liens internes===
* [[Hameau italien]]
* [[Lotissement]]
* [[Village]]
* [[Ville]]

[[Catégorie:Géographie rurale]]
[[Catégorie:Toponymie]]
[[Catégorie:Urbanisme]]

Punchscan

2008-02-03T16:15:27Z

16@r: {{Infobox Software}}

{{Infobox Software
| name = Punchscan
| logo = [[Image:punchscan_logo.jpg|150px]]
| screenshot =
| caption =
| developer = Rick Carback, David Chaum, Jeremy Clark, Aleks Essex, and Stefan Popoveniuc.
| released = ?
| frequently_updated = yes
| programming language = ?
| operating system = [[Cross-platform]]
| language = English
| genre = [[vote counting system]]
| license = Revised [[BSD license]]
| website = http://punchscan.org/
}}
'''Punchscan''' is an [[Marksense|optical scan]] [[vote counting system]] invented by [[cryptographer]] [[David Chaum]]. Punchscan is designed to offer integrity, privacy, and transparency. The system is voter-verifiable, provides an [[End-to-end auditable voting systems|end-to-end audit]] mechanism, and issues a [[End-to-end auditable voting systems|ballot receipt]] to each voter.

The [[computer software]] which Punchscan incorporates is [[open source]]; the [[source code]] was released on [[2 November]] [[2006]] under a revised [[BSD licence]].<ref>[http://www.itbusinessedge.com/item/?ci=21633 Punchscan School Election System Goes Open Source]. IT Business Edge</ref> However, Punchscan is software independent; it draws its security from [[cryptographic]] functions instead of relying on [[software security]] like [[DRE voting machine]]s. For this reason, Punchscan can be run on [[closed source]] [[operating system]]s, like [[Microsoft Windows]], and still maintain unconditional integrity.

== Voting Procedure ==
[[Image:Marked_ballot.jpg|thumb|right|A marked Punchscan ballot. Full ballot (top), separated ballot (bottom).]]

A Punchscan [[ballot]] has two layers of paper. On the top layer, the [[candidates]] are listed with a [[symbol]] or [[letter]] beside their name. Below the candidate list, there are a series of round holes in the top layer of the ballot. Inside the holes on the bottom layer, the corresponding symbols are printed.

To cast a vote for a candidate, the voter must locate the hole with the symbol corresponding to the symbol beside the candidate's name. This hole is marked with a [[Bingo (US)|Bingo]]-style ink dauber, which is purposely larger than the hole. The voter then separates the ballot, chooses either the top or the bottom layer to keep as a [[End-to-end auditable voting systems|receipt]], and [[Paper shredder|shreds]] the other layer. The receipt is [[Optical reader|scanned]] at the polling station for [[Vote counting system|tabulation]].

The order of the symbols beside the candidate names is generated [[Pseudorandom number generator|pseudo-randomly]] for each ballot, and thus differs from ballot to ballot. Likewise for the order of the symbols in the holes. For this reason, the receipt does not contain enough information to determine which candidate the vote was cast for. If the top layer is kept, the order of the symbols through the holes is unknown. If the bottom layer is kept, the order of the symbols beside the candidates name is unknown. Therefore the voter cannot prove to someone else how they voted, which prevents [[Electoral fraud|vote buying]] or voter intimidation.

== Tabulation Procedure ==
=== Working Example ===

As an example, consider a two candidate election between [[Coca-Cola|Coke]] and [[Pepsi]], as illustrated in the preceding diagram. The order of the letters beside the candidates' names could be A and then B, or B and then A. We will call this ordering <math>P_1</math>, and let <math>P_1</math>=0 for the former ordering and <math>P_1</math>=1 for the latter. Therefore,

<math>P_1</math>: order of symbols beside candidate list,
:<math>P_1=\{0,1\}=\{\mbox{AB},\mbox{BA}\}\,</math>.

Likewise we can generalize for other parts of a ballot:

<math>P_2</math>: order of symbols through the holes,
:<math>P_2=\{0,1\}=\{\mbox{AB},\mbox{BA}\}\,</math>.

<math>P_3</math>: which hole is marked,
:<math>P_3=\{0,1\}=\{\mbox{1st},\mbox{2nd}\}\,</math>.

<math>R</math>: result of the ballot,
:<math>R=\{0,1\}=\{\mbox{Coke},\mbox{Pepsi}\}\,</math>.

Note that the order of the candidates' names are fixed across all ballots. The result of a ballot can be calculated directly as,

:<math>R = P_1 + P_2 + P_3\bmod 2\,</math> ('''Equation 1''')

However when one layer of the ballot is shredded, either <math>P_1</math> or <math>P_2</math> is destroyed. Therefore there is insufficient information to calculate <math>R</math> from the receipt (which is scanned). In order to calculate the election results, an electronic [[database]] is used.

Before the election, the database is created with a series of columns as such. Each row in the database represents a ballot, and the order that the ballots are stored in the database is [[Random permutation|shuffled]] (using a [[cryptographic key]] that each candidate can [[Key-agreement protocol|contribute to]]). The first column, <math>D_1</math>, has the shuffled order of the serial numbers. <math>D_2</math> contains a pseudorandom [[bitstream]] generated from the key, and it will act as a [[stream cipher]]. <math>D_3</math> will store an intermediate result. <math>D_4</math> contains a bit such that:

:<math>D_2 + D_4 = P_1 + P_2 \bmod 2\,</math>

The result of each ballot will be stored in a separate column, <math>R</math>, where the order of the ballots will be reshuffled again. Thus <math>D_5</math> contains the row number in the <math>R</math> column where the result will be placed.

After the election is run and the <math>P_3</math> values have been scanned in, <math>D_3</math> is calculated as:

:<math>D_3 = P_3 + D_2 \bmod 2\,</math>

And the result is calculated as,

:<math>R = D_3 + D_4 \bmod 2\,</math>

This is equivalent to equation 1,

:<math>\begin{align}
R &= (D_3) + D_4 \bmod 2\\
&= (P_3 + D_2) + D_4 \bmod 2\\
&= P_3 + (D_2 + D_4) \bmod 2\\
&= P_3 + (P_1 + P_2) \bmod 2
\end{align}</math>

The result column is published and given the ballots have been shuffled (twice), the order of the results column does not indicate which result is from which ballot number. Thus the election authority cannot trace votes to serial numbers.

===Generalized Form===
For an election with <math>n</math> candidates, the above procedure is followed using [[Modulo operation|modulo]]-n equations.

== Basic Auditing Procedures ==

The voter's ballot receipt does not indicate which candidate the voter cast their ballot for, and therefore it is not secret information. After an election, the election authority will post an image of each receipt online. The voter can look up her ballot by typing in the serial number and she can check that information held by the election authority matches her ballot. This way, the voter can be confident that her ballot was ''cast as intended''.

Any voter or interested party can also inspect part of the database to ensure the results were calculated correctly. They cannot inspect the whole database, otherwise they could link votes to ballot serial numbers. However, half of the database can be safely inspected without breaking privacy. A random choice is made between opening <math>\{D_1,D_2,D_3\}</math> or <math>\{D_3,D_4,D_5\}</math> (this choice can be derived from the secret key or from a [[Random number generator|true random]] source, such as [[dice]]<ref>Arel Cordero, David Wagner, and David Dill. [http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~daw/papers/dice-wote06.pdf The Role of Dice in Election Audits -- Extended Abstract].</ref> or the [[stock market]]<ref>Jeremy Clark, Aleks Essex, Carlisle Adams. [http://www.cs.uwaterloo.ca/~j5clark/papers/StockMarket.pdf Secure and Observable Auditing of Electronic Voting Systems using Stock Indices].</ref>). This procedure allows the voter to be confident that the set of all ballots were ''counted as cast''.

If all ballots are ''counted as cast'' and ''cast as intended'', then all ballots are ''counted as intended''. Therefore the integrity of the election can be proven to a very high probability.

== Additional Security ==

To further increase the integrity of a Punchscan election, several further steps can be taken to protect against a completely corrupt election authority.

=== Multiple Databases ===

Since <math>D_1</math>, <math>D_2</math>, and <math>D_5</math> in the database are all generated pseudorandomly, multiple databases can be created with different random values for these columns. Each database is independent of the others, allowing the first half of some of the databases to be opened and inspected and the second half of others. Each database must produce the same final tally. Thus if an election authority were to tamper with the database to skew the final tally, they would have to tamper with each of the databases. The probability of the tampering being uncovered in the audit increases exponentially with the number of independent databases. With even a modest number of databases, the integrity of the election is probabilistically certain.

=== Commitments ===

Prior to an election, the election authority prints the ballots and creates the database(s). Part of this creation process involves [[Commitment scheme|committing]] to the unique information contained on each ballot and in the databases. This is accomplished by applying a cryptographic [[one-way function]] to the information. Though the result of this function, the commitment, is made public, the actual information being committed to remains sealed. Because the function is one-way, it is computationally infeasible to determine the information on the sealed ballot given only its publicly posted commitment.

=== Ballot Inspection ===

Prior to an election, twice as many ballots are produced than the number intended to use in the election. Half of these ballots are selected randomly (or each candidate could choose a fraction of the ballots) and opened. The rows in the database corresponding to these selected ballots can be checked to ensure the calculations are correct and not tampered with. Since the election authority does not know ''a priori'' which ballots will be selected, passing this audit means the database is well formed with a very high probability. Furthermore, the ballots can be checked against their commitments to ensure with high probability that the ballot commitments are correct.

== See also ==

* [[Stream cipher]]
* [[Commitment scheme]]
* [[Zero knowledge proof]]

== References ==

{{reflist}}

== External links ==

* [http://www.punchscan.org/ Project home page]
* [http://punchscan.org/vocomp/PunchscanVocompSubmission.pdf Vocomp Submission] — a comprehensive 80-page document explaining all aspects of the system
* [http://punchscan.org/press/punchscan%20-%20digital%20planet.mp3 Electronic Democracy] — [[BBC World]]'s [[Digital Planet]] audio interview with [[David Chaum]].
* [http://www.spectrum.ieee.org/print/4817 Making Every E-vote Count] — [[IEEE Spectrum]].
* Transparent and Open Voting with Punchscan: [http://www.securitycatalyst.com/2006/11/29/security-catalyst-39-voting-security-series-transparent-and-open-voting-with-punchscan/ Part I] and [http://www.securitycatalyst.com/2006/12/31/security-catalyst-december-31-2006-in-depth-with-punch-scan/ Part II]
* [http://www.publicradio.org/columns/futuretense/2006/11/07.shtml Future Tense] audio interview with [[Chaum|David Chaum]].

[[Category:Electronic voting]]
[[Category:Applications of cryptography]]

Turtle F2F

2008-02-03T15:50:40Z

16@r: {{Infobox Software}}

{{Infobox Software
| name = Turtle F2F
| logo = [[Image:turtle-logo.png|150px]]
| screenshot =
| caption =
| developer = Petr Matejka Bogdan Popescu
| released = ?
| frequently_updated = yes
| programming language = ?
| operating system = [[Linux]]
| language = English
| genre = [[Anonymous P2P]] / [[friend-to-friend]]
| license = [[GNU GPL]]
| website = [http://www.turtle4privacy.org www.turtle4privacy.org]
}}
'''Turtle''' is a [[free software|free]] [[anonymous peer-to-peer]] network project being developed at the [[Vrije Universiteit]] in [[Amsterdam]], involving professor [[Andrew Tanenbaum]]. Like other anonymous P2P software, it allows users to share files and otherwise communicate without fear of legal sanctions or censorship. Turtle's claims of anonymity are backed by two research papers provided in the "external links" below.

==Architecture==
Technically, Turtle is a [[friend-to-friend]] ([[friend-to-friend|F2F]]) network - a special type of peer-to-peer network in which all your communication goes only to your friends, and then to their friends, and so on, to the ultimate destination.

The basic idea behind Turtle is to build a [[peer-to-peer|P2P]] overlay on top of pre-existing trust relationships among Turtle users. Each user acts as node in the overlay by running a copy of the Turtle client software. Unlike existing P2P networks, Turtle does not allow arbitrary nodes to connect and exchange information. Instead, each user establishes secure and authenticated channels with a limited number of other nodes controlled by people he or she trusts (friends). In the Turtle overlay, both queries and results move hop by hop; the net result is that information is only exchanged between people that trust each other and is always encrypted. Consequently, a snooper or adversary has no way to determine who is requesting / providing information, and what that information is. Given this design, a Turtle network offers a number of useful security properties, such as confined damage in case of node compromise, and resilience against denial of service attacks.

== See also ==
{{portal|Free software|Free Software Portal Logo.svg}}

*[[giFT]]
*[[Internet privacy]]
*[[File sharing]]
*[[F2F]]

==External links==
* [http://www.turtle4privacy.org Turtle homepage]
* [http://www.turtle4privacy.org/documents/masterThesis.pdf Petr Matejka's master thesis on Turtle]
* [http://www.turtle4privacy.org/documents/sec_prot04.pdf "Safe and Private Data Sharing with Turtle: Friends Team-Up and Beat the System"]
* [https://www.usenix.org/events/sec05/wips/popescu.pdf "Turtle: Safe and Private Data Sharing" from Usenix 2005 conference]
* Turtle is also cited by this article [http://delis.upb.de/paper/DELIS-TR-169.pdf] from the "Applied Public Key Infrastructure: 4th International Workshop: Iwap 2005" and by this article [http://csdl2.computer.org/persagen/DLAbsToc.jsp?resourcePath=/dl/proceedings/&toc=comp/proceedings/icpads/2005/2281/01/22811toc.xml&DOI=10.1109/ICPADS.2005.215]
from the "11th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS'05) "

[[Category:Anonymity networks]]
[[Category:Internet privacy]]
[[Category:File sharing]]
[[Category:Routing software]]
[[Category:Free network-related software]]

[[es:Turtle F2F]]
[[fr:Turtle F2F]]
[[ru:Turtle F2F]]

OpenProj

2008-02-03T12:47:41Z

16@r: {{Infobox Software}}

{{cleanup|date=October 2007}}
{{Infobox Software
| name = OpenProj
| logo =
| screenshot =
| caption =
| developer = Projity
| released = ?
| latest_release_version = OpenProj 1.0
| latest_release_date = January 10 2008
| programming language = ?
| operating system = [[Cross-platform]]
| language = English
| genre = [[Project management software]]
| license = [[Common Public Attribution License]]
| website = [http://www.projity.com/ Projity]
}}
}}'''OpenProj''' is an [[open source|open-source]] project intended as a complete desktop replacement for [[Microsoft Project]]; it can open existing native Project files. Being a [[Java (programming language)|Java]] program, it runs on [[Linux]], [[Mac OS X]], [[Unix]], and [[Microsoft Windows]].<ref name=IW200710>{{cite web
| last =Heck
| first =Mike
| title =Preview: OpenProj brings free, robust project management to the desktop
| work =InfoWorld
| publisher =International Data Group
| date =2007-10-09
| url =http://weblog.infoworld.com/tcdaily/archives/2007/10/preview_openpro.html
| accessdate =2007-11-08 }}</ref>

Three months after the beta version release, on SourceForge an average of 40,000 copies a month were downloaded. With a SourceForge activity percentile of 99.964, at number 73 it was listed just ahead of the popular messaging application [[Pidgin (software)]].<ref>{{cite web
|url = http://sourceforge.net/top/mostactive.php?type=week&offset=50
|title = Most Active Projects - Last Week
|accessdate = 2007-11-09
|date = 2007-11-09
|publisher = SourceForge.net
}}</ref> In January 2008 the total number of downloads on SourceForge reached 200,000.<ref>{{cite web
|url = http://sourceforge.net/forum/forum.php?forum_id=773269
|title = OpenProj hits 200,000 download milestone
|accessdate = 2008-01-17
|date = 2008-01-11
|publisher = SourceForge.net
}}</ref>

Version 1.0 of the programme was released on January 10th 2008.<ref>{{cite web
|url = http://sourceforge.net/forum/forum.php?forum_id=775275
|title = OpenProj 1.0 Released
|accessdate = 2008-01-17
|date = 2008-01-16
|publisher = SourceForge.net
}}</ref>

Includes:
* [[Earned value management|Earned Value]] costing
* [[Gantt chart]]
* [[Program Evaluation and Review Technique|PERT]] graph
* [[Resource Breakdown Structure]] (RBS) chart
* Task usage reports
* [[Work Breakdown Structure]] (WBS) chart<ref name=IW200710 />

== See also ==
{{portal|Free software|Free Software Portal Logo.svg}}

* [[Project management software]].
* [[List of project management software]]
* [[Open Workbench]], another replacement for MS Project

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://openproj.org/openproj OpenProj official site]
* [http://www.networkworld.com/community/node/20808 NetworkWorld: Microsoft Project competitor hits 100,000 downloads in first month]
* [http://weblog.infoworld.com/tcdaily/archives/2007/10/preview_openpro.html InfoWorld Test review: OpenProj brings free robust project management to the desktop]
* [http://java.sys-con.com/read/419868.htm JavaWorld: OpenProj takes off fast]
* [http://blogs.zdnet.com/open-source/?p=1794 Projity exanding open source, Saas attack against Microsoft Project]

[[Category:Free project management software]]
[[Category:project management software]]
[[Category:Java platform software]]

{{business-software-stub}}

[[de:OpenProj]]

Englischsprachige Wikipedia

2008-01-31T16:57:15Z

16@r: /* Infobox */ remove location (websites live in the cyberspace), add launch date

{{Infobox website
| name = [[Image:Wikipedia's W.svg|16px|Favicon of Wikipedia]] English Wikipedia
| logo = [[Image:Wikipedia-logo-en.png|Logo of the English Wikipedia]]
| screenshot = [[Image:EnglishWikipediaMainPage3rdAugust2007.PNG|280px|The [[Main Page]] of the English Wikipedia.]]
| caption = The [[Main Page]] of the English Wikipedia.
| url = http://en.wikipedia.org/
| commercial = No
| launch date = {{launch date|2001|01|15}}
| type = [[Internet encyclopedia project]]
| language = English
| registration = Optional
| owner = [[Wikimedia Foundation]]
| author = [[Jimmy Wales]], [[Larry Sanger]]<ref name=foundercontroversy>There is some controversy over who founded Wikipedia. Wikipedia's official [http://web.archive.org/web/20011104094947/www.wikipedia.com/wiki/Wikipedia personnel page from September 2001] states Wales and Sanger were the two co-founders, and that there was no editor-in-chief. Wales considers himself to be the sole founder of Wikipedia and has told the ''[[Boston Globe]]'' that "it's preposterous" to call Sanger the co-founder. However, Sanger strongly contests that description. He was identified as a co-founder of Wikipedia at least as early as September 2001 and referred to himself that way as early as January 2002.
* {{cite news|url=http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html|author =Jonathan Sidener|title =Everyone's Encyclopedia|accessdate = 2006-10-15|publisher=San Diego Union Tribune|date = [[December 6]], [[2004]]}}
* {{cite news|author=Peter Meyers|title=Fact-Driven? Collegial? This Site Wants You|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9800E5D6123BF933A1575AC0A9679C8B63&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fSubjects%2fC%2fComputer%20Software|publisher =[[New York Times]]|accessdate = 2006-10-15|date=[[2001-09-20]]}}
* {{cite web|url=http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_and_why_it_matters&oldid=149626|author=[[Larry Sanger|Sanger, Larry]]|title=What Wikipedia is and why it matters|accessdate = 2006-04-12}}</ref>}}
[[Image:English Wikipedia contributors by country.png|thumb|English Wikipedia contributors by country<ref>[[:m:Edits by project and country of origin]]</ref>]]

The '''English Wikipedia''' is the [[English language]] edition of the [[Wikipedia]] [[encyclopedia]]. Founded on [[15 January]] [[2001]] and reaching two million articles by September 2007,<ref >{{cite news |first=Anjali |last=Rego |title= Wikipedia Reaches 2 Million Articles |url=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/websites-internet/wikipedia-reaches-2-million-articles/16031/0 |work=Tech2 |date=[[2007-09-13]] |accessdate=2007-09-23 }}</ref> it was the first edition of Wikipedia and remains the largest, with more than three the size of the next largest, the [[German Wikipedia]]. As of 2007, approximately one-quarter of articles in all Wikipedias belong to the English-language edition, this share having gradually declined from over half in 2003, due to growth of Wikipedias in other languages.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Wikipedias&oldid=520778|title=List of Wikipedias|author=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki|date=[[2007-01-30]]|accessdate=2007-01-30}}</ref>

== Pioneering edition ==
The English Wikipedia was the first-established Wikipedia edition and has remained the largest. It has pioneered many conventions, policies and features that have been adopted by other Wikipedia editions, and in turn has adopted features from the [[German Wikipedia]], and from other smaller editions as well. These include "featured articles",<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Featured_articles&oldid=104207677|title=Featured articles|author=English Wikipedia|date=[[2007-01-30]]|accessdate=2007-01-30}}</ref> the neutral point of view policy,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view&oldid=103033132|title=Neutral point of view|author=English Wikipedia|date=[[2007-01-25]]|accessdate=2007-01-30}}</ref> navigation templates,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Template&oldid=520481|title=Help:Template|author=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki|date=[[2007-01-29]]|accessdate=2007-01-30}}</ref> sorting of short "stub" articles into sub-categories,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:WikiProject_Stub_sorting&oldid=101829026|title=WikiProject Stub sorting|author=English Wikipedia|date=[[2007-01-19]]|accessdate=2007-01-30}}</ref> dispute resolution mechanisms such as mediation and arbitration,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Resolving_disputes&oldid=103577785|title=Resolving disputes|author=English Wikipedia|date=[[2007-01-27]]|accessdate=2007-01-30}}</ref> and weekly collaborations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Article_Creation_and_Improvement_Drive&oldid=104243512|title=Article Creation and Improvement Drive|author=English Wikipedia|date=[[2007-01-30]]|accessdate=2007-01-30}}</ref>

Many of the most active participants in the [[Wikimedia Foundation]], and developers of the [[MediaWiki]] software that powers Wikipedia, are also English Wikipedia users.

== Controversies ==
{{seealso|Seigenthaler controversy}}
Among the controversies in the English Wikipedia is a debate over which national variety of the English language is to be preferred, with the most commonly advocated candidates being [[American English]] and [[British English]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style_%28spelling%29||title=Wikipedia:Manual of Style (spelling)|author=English Wikipedia|accessdate=2006-02-25}}</ref> There has been a [[Chinese Wikipedia#Automatic conversion between Traditional and Simplified Chinese|similar issue in the Chinese language Wikipedia]], although with a different solution. Many suggestions have been proposed by editors, ranging from standardizing upon a single form of English to [[fork (software)|forking]] the English Wikipedia project. A style guideline states, "the English Wikipedia has no general preference for a major national variety of the language" and "an article on a topic that has strong ties to a particular English-speaking nation uses the appropriate variety of English for that nation."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#National_varieties_of_English|title=Wikipedia:Manual of Style|author=English Wikipedia|accessdate=2007-10-10}}</ref> An article should use spelling and grammar variants consistently; for example, ''center'' and ''centre'' are not to be used in the same article. The guide also states that an article must remain written in whichever [[dialect]] the article was initially created, or which first became discernible in the article's history.

== Users and editors ==
English Wikipedia reached 4,000,000 registered user accounts on [[1 April]] [[2007]],<ref name="4,000,000">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2007-04-02/News_and_notes Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2007-04-02/News and notes]. Retrieved on 20 April 2007</ref> just a little over a year since it has crossed a threshold of 1,000,000 registered user accounts in late February 2006.<ref name="1,000,000">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2006-02-27/News_and_notes Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2006-02-27/News and notes]. Retrieved on 20 April 2007</ref> The number of individual persons who are active editors (either registered or anonymous) at Wikipedia on any given month is much less than these figures.

As the largest Wikipedia edition, and because the [[English language]] is such a widely used language, the English Wikipedia draws many users and editors whose [[native language]] is not English. Such users seek information from the English Wikipedia rather than the Wikipedia of their native language simply because the English Wikipedia contains more information. Many successful collaborations have developed between non-native English speakers who add content to English Wikipedia and native English speakers who act as copy editors for those adding content.

== See also ==
* [[History of Wikipedia]]
* [[Criticism of Wikipedia]]
* [[Simple English Wikipedia]]

== Notes and references ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

== External links ==
* [http://en.wikipedia.org English Wikipedia] 
* [http://www.wikipedia.org Wikipedia.org multilingual portal]
* [http://wikimediafoundation.org Wikimedia Foundation]

{{Wikipedias}}

[[Category:Wikipedias by language]]
[[Category:2001 establishments]]
[[Category:English-language encyclopedias]]

[[ar:ويكيبيديا الإنجليزية]]
[[be:Англійская Вікіпедыя]]
[[be-x-old:Ангельская Вікіпэдыя]]
[[bg:Уикипедия на английски език]]
[[ca:Viquipèdia en anglès]]
[[cs:Anglická Wikipedie]]
[[el:Αγγλική Βικιπαίδεια]]
[[es:Wikipedia en inglés]]
[[eu:Ingelesezko Wikipedia]]
[[fa:ویکی‌پدیای انگلیسی]]
[[fr:Wikipédia en anglais]]
[[gl:Wikipedia en inglés]]
[[ko:영어 위키백과]]
[[he:ויקיפדיה האנגלית]]
[[hr:Wikipedija na engleskom jeziku]]
[[ig:Wikipedia nke ndị bekee]]
[[lt:Angliška Vikipedija]]
[[ms:Wikipedia Bahasa Inggeris]]
[[nl:Engelstalige Wikipedia]]
[[ja:英語版ウィキペディア]]
[[no:Engelsk Wikipedia]]
[[uz:Ingliz Vikipediyasi]]
[[pl:Anglojęzyczna Wikipedia]]
[[pt:Wikipédia em inglês]]
[[ru:Английская Википедия]]
[[simple:English Wikipedia]]
[[sh:Engleska Wikipedija]]
[[sv:Engelskspråkiga Wikipedia]]
[[th:วิกิพีเดียภาษาอังกฤษ]]
[[yi:ענגלישער וויקיפעדיע]]
[[zh-yue:英文維基百科]]
[[bat-smg:Onglėška Vikipedėjė]]
[[zh:英語維基百科]]