https://de.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=145.221.24.7 Wikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de] 2025-05-29T14:54:52Z Benutzerbeiträge MediaWiki 1.45.0-wmf.2 https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Operation_Red_Wings&diff=136440363 Operation Red Wings 2008-11-10T14:27:39Z <p>145.221.24.7: /* Rescue */ changed last sentence as according to his book no rescue went in to the village where he was hiding, he was moving from one hiding place when he got found by some Rangers.</p> <hr /> <div>{{POV-check|date=May 2008}} <br /> {{Expand|date=January 2007}}<br /> {{Cleanup-link rot|date=April 2008}}<br /> {{for|the 1956 series of US nuclear tests|Operation Redwing}}<br /> {{Infobox Military Conflict<br /> |conflict=Operation Red Wing<br /> |partof=the [[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)]]<br /> |image=<br /> |caption=<br /> |date=[[June 28]], [[2005]]<br /> |place= [[Kunar province]], [[Afghanistan]]<br /> |result= Taliban victory; operational failure.<br /> |combatant1={{flag|United States}}<br /> |combatant2={{flagicon|Afghanistan|Taliban}} [[Taliban insurgency|Taliban insurgents]]<br /> |commander1=Lt. Cmdr. [[Erik S. Kristensen]]{{KIA}}&lt;ref&gt;''Lone Survivor, pp 247-248''&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br&gt;1 Lt. [[Michael P. Murphy]] {{KIA}}<br /> |commander2=[[Ahmad Shah (Taliban)|Ahmad Shah]]<br /> |strength1=12 Navy SEALs, 2 [[MH-47 Chinook]], 2 [[UH-60 Black Hawk]] and 2 [[AH-64D Apache]] helicopters<br /> |strength2=150-200<br /> |casualties1= 19 killed, 1 wounded,&lt;br&gt;1 Chinook helicopter shot down&lt;ref&gt;[http://edition.cnn.com/2005/WORLD/asiapcf/07/03/afghan.casualties/ CNN.com - Helicopter crash victims identified - Jul 3, 2005&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |casualties2=Unknown<br /> }}<br /> {{Campaignbox US war in Afghanistan}}<br /> <br /> '''Operation Red Wing''' was a failed counter insurgent mission in [[Kunar province]], [[Afghanistan]], involving four members of the [[U.S. Navy SEALs]], which took place June 28, 2005. Three of the SEALs were killed during the operation. The fourth was protected by local villagers and later rescued by the [[U.S. military]]. The story of the rescued SEAL would later become an a [[TIME Magazine]] article, titled &quot;How The Shepherd Saved The SEAL.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1081394,00.html How The Shepherd Saved The SEAL].'' [[July 18]], [[2005]]. [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/0,9263,7601050718,00.html]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Operation Red Wing ==<br /> The SEAL team, led by Lt. [[Michael P. Murphy]] and consisting of petty officers [[Matthew Axelson]], [[Danny Dietz]] and [[Marcus Luttrell]], was on a mission to kill or capture [[Ahmad Shah (Taliban)|Ahmad Shah]] ([[nom de guerre]] Mohammad Ismail), a key [[Taliban]] leader, west of [[Asadabad, Afghanistan|Asadabad]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web<br /> | last = Naylor<br /> | first = Sean D.<br /> | title = Surviving SEAL tells story of deadly mission<br /> | publisher = [[Army Times]]<br /> | date = [[2007-06-18]]<br /> | url = http://www.armytimes.com/news/2007/06/navy_sealbook_070618w/<br /> | accessdate = 2008-07-21 }}&lt;/ref&gt; who ultimately died in a firefight some two years later.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web<br /> | last = Dupee<br /> | first = Matt<br /> | title = Bara bin Malek Front commander killed in Pakistani shootout<br /> | publisher = [[The Long War Journal]]<br /> | date = [[2007-04-17]]<br /> | url = http://www.armytimes.com/news/2007/06/navy_sealbook_070618w/<br /> | accessdate = 2008-07-21 }}&lt;/ref&gt; After an initially successful infiltration, local goat herders stumbled upon the SEALs' hiding place. The SEALs decided to let them go rather than kill them, and the herders alerted local [[Taliban]] forces. They were surrounded by the Taliban and a firefight ensued. &lt;ref name=&quot;irishabroad.com&quot;&gt;[http://www.irishabroad.com/news/irish-voice/news/afghan-war-hero171007.aspx Highest Honor for Afghan War Hero&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Even though they were pinned down, Lt. Murphy broke cover long enough to make a call to his base for back-up. The call was placed on a [[cell phone]], due to the fact that the radio reception was very bad on that part of the mountain, and the base could not receive their radio transmission. In the process of placing this call, he was shot in the stomach and back but he still managed to complete the call.&lt;ref name=&quot;irishabroad.com&quot; /&gt; The three remaining SEALs continued to fight off the Taliban, gravely wounded, protecting each other as their position was pushed back to lower ground. After two hours of fighting and killing dozens of Taliban fighters each, only Luttrell remained alive.&lt;ref name=&quot;washingtonpost.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/06/10/AR2007061001492_pf.html | title=The Sole Survivor - A Navy Seal, Injured and Alone, Was Saved By Afghans' Embrace and Comrades' Valor | publisher=[[Washington Post]] | first=Laura | last=Blumenfeld | date=[[2007-06-11]] | page=A01 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In response to the call from Murphy to [[Bagram Air Base]], two [[MH-47 Chinook]] helicopter's, four UH-60 Blackhawks and two AH-64D Longbows attempted to come to their rescue to provide extraction in the mountains of Kunar province, Afghanistan. Crew from the escort [[attack helicopter]]s praised the SEALs on the ground as putting up outstanding resistance, calling it &quot;an unbelievable firefight.&quot; One of the Chinook helicopter's carrying eight US [[Navy SEAL]]s and eight [[160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment (United States)|Nightstalkers]] - members of the Army's elite [[160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment]] was shot down by what is believed to have been a [[rocket propelled grenade]] shot through the open rear ramp killing all sixteen on board.<br /> <br /> == Rescue == <br /> {{Main|Marcus Luttrell#Operation Red Wing}}<br /> Now alone and wounded, Luttrell had to fend for himself. He pulled himself away from the fire zone and tried to hide himself as he waited for rescue from the search helicopters flying overhead. During this time, Luttrell was discovered by an Afghan man who was not part of the Taliban. Shortly afterwards, more Afghan men showed up armed with [[AK-47]] rifles. The men took the wounded Luttrell and carried him to the village of Sabray-Minah.&lt;ref name=&quot;washingtonpost.com&quot; /&gt; The villagers in Sabray-Minah took care of Luttrell, providing food and medical attention, and even protecting him from the Taliban that came to the village demanding that he be turned over to them. <br /> <br /> Despite multiple attempts, the search helicopters were unable to locate Luttrell. Finally, the village elder, armed with a note from Luttrell, went down to seek help from a Marine outpost several miles away. With this information, the U.S. forces drew up rescue plans. According to Lt. Col. Steve Butow, the plans were &quot;one of the largest combat search-and-rescue operations since [[Vietnam War|Vietnam]]&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;washingtonpost.com&quot; /&gt; As the rescue teams closed in upon the village, Luttrell aided by some of the villagers was moving from one hiding place to another and came across one of the rescue teams. He was taken from the villagers at this point and his escape completed.<br /> <br /> == Casualties ==<br /> [[Image:Navy SEALs in Afghanistan prior to Red Wing.jpg|thumb|SEALs from left to right, Matthew G. Axelson; Daniel R. Healy, James Suh, Marcus Luttrell, Shane E. Patton, and Lt. Michael P. Murphy. With the exception of Luttrell, all were killed [[June 28]], 2005, by enemy forces while supporting Operation Red Wing.]]<br /> SEAL Team:<br /> *Lt. [[Michael P. Murphy]], 29, of Patchogue, New York <br /> *STG2(SEAL) [[Matthew Axelson]], 29, of Cupertino, CA <br /> *GM2(SEAL) [[Danny Dietz]] 26, of Littleton, Colorado<br /> <br /> The service members killed-in-action on the crashed helicopter include:&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.cnn.com/2005/WORLD/asiapcf/07/03/afghan.casualties/ CNN.com - Helicopter crash victims identified - Jul 3, 2005&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Nightstalkers:<br /> *Staff Sgt. Shamus O. Goare, 29, of Danville, Ohio<br /> *Chief Warrant Officer Corey J. Goodnature, 35, of Clarks Grove, Minnesota.<br /> *Sgt. Kip A. Jacoby, 21, of Pompano Beach, Florida<br /> *Sgt. 1st Class Marcus V. Muralles, 33, of Shelbyville, Indiana<br /> *Master Sgt. James W. Ponder III, 36, of Franklin, Tennessee<br /> *Maj. Stephen C. Reich, 34, of Washington Depot, Connecticut.<br /> *Sgt. 1st Class Michael L. Russell, 31, of Stafford, Virginia<br /> *Chief Warrant Officer Chris J. Scherkenbach, 40, of Jacksonville, Florida <br /> <br /> SEALs:<br /> *FCC(SEAL/SW) Jacques J. Fontan, 36, of New Orleans, Louisiana<br /> *ITCS(SEAL) Daniel R. Healy, 36, of Exeter, New Hampshire<br /> *Lt. Cmdr. Erik S. Kristensen, 33, of San Diego, California<br /> *ET1(SEAL) Jeffery A. Lucas, 33, of Corbett, Oregon<br /> *Lt. Michael M. McGreevy, Jr., 30, of Portville, New York<br /> *QM2(SEAL) James E. Suh, 28, of Deerfield Beach, Florida<br /> *HM1(SEAL/FMF) Jeffrey S. Taylor, 30, of Midway, West Virginia<br /> *MM2(SEAL) Shane E. Patton, 22, of Boulder City, Nevada<br /> <br /> == Awards ==<br /> {{Unreferencedsection|date=July 2008}}<br /> On September 14, 2006, Dietz and Axelson were posthumously awarded the [[Navy Cross]] for &quot;undaunted courage&quot; and heroism. Luttrell was also awarded the [[Navy Cross]] in a ceremony at the [[White House]]. In 2007, Lieutenant Murphy was posthumously awarded the [[Medal of Honor]] for his actions during the battle.<br /> Additionally, June 28, 2008, Luttrell and the family members of those killed were honored at the San Diego Padres game. In addition, the Navy Leapfrogs brought in the American flag, the POW/MIA flag, the San Diego Padres flag. Lutrell and the family members were given a standing ovation by the more than 25,000 there to watch the game.<br /> <br /> == Memorials ==<br /> A statue commemorating the operation stands in the [[Cupertino Memorial Park]], in [[Cupertino, California]]. [[Matthew Axelson]] was a former resident of Cupertino, and a member of the team involved in Operation Red Wing. {{Fact|date=October 2008}}<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> *[[Communications in Afghanistan]]<br /> *[[Pashtunwali#Secondary concepts|Lokhay Warkawal]]<br /> *[[Marawara (village)]], [[Marawara district]] <br /> *[[Asadabad, Afghanistan]]<br /> *[[Bagram]]<br /> *[[Bagram Air Base]]<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *[http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticle/2008/03/8ad696c0-1b3d-4d52-9c3a-f2a64f21a40b.html Mobile-Phone Towers Are Taliban's New Target] [[RFE/RL]] [[March 3]] [[2008]]<br /> <br /> == Notes ==<br /> *''Lone Survivor: The Eyewitness Account of Operation Redwing and the Lost Heroes of SEAL Team 10'' [[Marcus Luttrell]] with [[Patrick Robinson (author)|Patrick Robinson]] (2007) [[Little, Brown and Company]]. ISBN 978-0316067591 <br /> *http://www.cnn.com/2005/WORLD/asiapcf/07/06/afghan.ids/index.html<br /> *{{cite web | url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/06/10/AR2007061001492.html | title=The Sole Survivor - A Navy Seal, Injured and Alone, Was Saved By Afghans' Embrace and Comrades' Valor | publisher=[[Washington Post]] | first=Laura | last=Blumenfeld | date=[[2007-06-11]] | page=A01 }}<br /> {{War on Terror}}<br /> {{Lists of aviation accidents and incidents}}<br /> <br /> Video shot by the Taliban of the firefight and aftermath can be seen at http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=69fe9ab458<br /> <br /> [[Category:Conflicts in 2005]]<br /> [[Category:Battles of the War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|Red Wing]]<br /> [[Category:Battles of the War in Afghanistan (2001–present) involving the United States|Red Wing]]<br /> [[Category:Military snipers]]<br /> [[Category:Operations involving American special forces|Red Wing]]<br /> [[Category:Survival skills]]<br /> [[Category:Taliban]]<br /> [[Category:Wars involving the Taliban]]<br /> [[Category:War on Terror]]</div> 145.221.24.7 https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dera_Ismail_Khan&diff=183266645 Dera Ismail Khan 2008-07-28T15:05:54Z <p>145.221.24.7: </p> <hr /> <div>{{coor title dm|31|49|N|70|55|E|type:city(64,358)_region:PK}}<br /> <br /> '''Dera Ismail Khan''' ([[Pashto]]: ڈیرہ اسماعیل خان) is a [[city]] in [[North West Frontier Province]], [[Pakistan]]. The town is situated on the west bank of the [[Indus River]] and lies 200 miles west of [[Lahore]] and 120 miles north-west of [[Multan]].&lt;ref name=&quot;IGI269&quot;/&gt; The city is the headquarters of the [[Dera Ismail Khan District|district]] and [[Dera Ismail Khan Tehsil|tehsil]] of the same name, in Pakistan, it is often abbreviated to '''D.I.Khan'''<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> Dera Ismail Khan was founded towards the end of the [[15th century|fifteenth century]] by Ismail Khan, a son of the Baloch adventurer Malik Sohrab, who named the town after himself. The original town was swept away by a flood in [[1823]], and the existing buildings are all of quite modern construction, &lt;ref name=&quot;IGI269&quot;&gt;[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V11_275.gif Dera Ismail Khān Town - Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 11, p. 269.]&lt;/ref&gt; the present town stands four miles back from the permanent channel of the river.<br /> <br /> The descendants of Malik Sohrab, who settled there after migrating from Iraq, ruled the city for 300 years.{{Fact|date=June 2008}}<br /> <br /> ===British era===<br /> During [[British Raj|British rule]] the town contained two bazaars, the Hindu and Muslim population living in separate quarters. The town stands on a level plain, with a slight fall to the river, but is badly drained. It is surrounded by a thin mud wall, with nine gates, enclosing an area of about 500 acres. The cantonment, which lies south-east of the town, has an area of 44 square miles, excluding the portion known as Fort Akalgarh on the north-west side. The civil lines are to the<br /> south.&lt;ref name=&quot;IGI269&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> The [[Derajat Brigade]] had its winter head-quarters at Dera Ismail Khan, and the garrison consisted of a mountain battery, a regiment of Native cavalry, and three regiments of Native infantry. Detachments from these regiments helped to garrison the outposts of Drazinda, Jandola, and Jatta. The municipality was constituted in 1867. The income during the ten years ending 1902-3 averaged Rs. 55,000, and the expenditure Rs. 53,000. The income and expenditure in 1903-4 were Rs. 55,500 and Rs. 55,800 respectively. The chief source of income was [[octroi]] (Rs. 48,000) ; and the chief items of expenditure were conservancy (Rs. 8,785), education (Rs. 7,246), hospitals and dispensaries (Rs. 6,302), public safety (Rs. 7,733), public works (Rs. 2,143), and administration (Rs. 5,546). The receipts and expenditure of cantonment funds during the ten years ending 1902-3 averaged RS. 2,700 and Rs. 2,800 respectively.&lt;ref name=&quot;IGI269&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> The local trade of Dera Ismail Khan was of second-rate importance, but some foreign traffic with Khorasan passed through it. Powinda caravans of Afghan merchants traversed the town twice a year on their road to and from India ; and, with the increasing security of the Gomal route, these caravans were yearly swelling in numbers. The chief imports were English and native piece-goods, hides, salt, and fancy wares ; and the exports, grain, wood, and ghi. The local manufactures are lungis and lacquered woodwork. The town possesses a civil hospital ; its chief educational institutions are two aided Anglo-vernacular high schools, one maintained by the Church Missionary Society and the other by the Bharatri Sabha, and an Anglo-vernacular middle school maintained by the municipality.&lt;ref name=&quot;IGI269&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> The first civil surgeon of the civil hospital was Dr.Bhagwan Das Dhamija and Bharati Sabha was started by a prominent Dhamija family whose family held high positions of session judge and prominent lawyers. Hindu and Sikh families sought their guidance and help in business. The trade flourished after roads were built by Military Engineering Services in the 30's.British brought in an engineer Ram N.Mullick to supervise the construction from Bannu. Asa Nand Kapoor and Ram.N.Mullick were the first two engineers from Banaras Engineering College class of 1922-26.See April,2008 issue of the Chronicle[[https://www.itbhuglobal.org/chronicle/]]Both of them played a major role in the building of roads,electricity and water for D I Khan and Bannu areas of NWFP.<br /> <br /> Dr P. L Narula Ji a very famous Doctor of His times Stayed in D I Khan befor moving to India after 1947 Partition. Shri Kawalnayan Sachdeva Ji was a very big trader of his times who stayed in D I Khan befor partition<br /> <br /> Most of Hind Populations of Pre Partition era of D I Khan were followers of Lal Ji Maharaj and Sati Kewal Ram Ji Maharaj of Bohoriwala Thalla, which is now situated in Inderpuri - New Delhi.<br /> <br /> ==Demography==<br /> According to the 1901 census the population of Dera Ismail Khan was 31,737, of whom 18,662 were Muslims, 11,486 Hindus, and 1,420 Sikhs. Of the total, 3,450 lived in the cantonment.&lt;ref&gt;[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V11_274.gif Dera Ismail Khān Town - Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 11, p. 268.]&lt;/ref&gt; After the [[partition of India]], many of the city's [[Hindu]] residents settled in [[India]], primarily in the [[Derawal Nagar]] colony of [[Delhi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;The Tribune - Derawal Nagar&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url = http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030319/ncr1.htm| title = Colonies, posh and model in name only!|publisher = NCR Tribune|accessdate = 2007-12-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In [[1999]] it had a population of 31,737, down from its [[1981]] census tally of 64,358. The population is the mix of ethnic [[Baloch]]i and [[Pashtun]] segments, with a significant minority of [[Urdu]]-speaking immigrants. Urdu, the national language is understood and spoken by the majority of residents, while [[Saraiki]] is the local colloquial language. [[Pashto]] is also spoken, primarily within the Pashtun community. Natives of Dera Ismail Khan are known as [[Derawal]]s.<br /> <br /> ==Communication==<br /> The city is connected to [[Bannu]] via the highway, which further connects it to the provincial capital of [[Peshawar]] via [[Kohat]] and [[Darra Adam Khail]]. Another road connects D.I. Khan to [[Mianwali]] through [[Chashma Barrage]]. The third major road connects it to [[Bhakkar]] in [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]], situated on the eastern bank of [[Indus River]]. The bridge on the [[Indus River]] was constructed in early 1980s, before which the approach to Bhakkar was made through a [[Bridge of boats|boat bridge]].<br /> <br /> The city has telephone, telegraph, and internet facilities- although telegraph has recently been abandoned in line with the government policy of transitioning away from telegraph communications throughout the country.<br /> <br /> ==Educational institutions==<br /> The city is home to many educational institutions, including: <br /> * [[Gomal University]] <br /> * [[Al-Khair University]]<br /> * [[Qurtuba University Of Sciences &amp; Information Technology]] <br /> * [[Sarhad University of Science &amp; Technology]]<br /> * [[Government Degree College No.1 for Boys]]<br /> * University WENSAM School and College<br /> * Government College No. 2 (for boys)<br /> * Government College for Women<br /> * Government College No.2 for Women<br /> * Saint Helen's High School and College (est. 1960)<br /> * Army Public College<br /> * Qurtuba Public School &amp; College <br /> * Jinnah Science School &amp; College <br /> * Nadik Science School&amp;College <br /> * [[CIT College of Information &amp; Technology]]<br /> &lt;!-- are _all_ of these notable? --&gt;<br /> ==Languages==<br /> [[Siraiki]] is first language of people .Pashto is next to it.<br /> <br /> ==Tourist areas==<br /> Although the city is relatively new, rebuilt following the 1823 flood, many of its original structures remain - the original wall is still visible around the old city. A popular tourist destination is a pre-Islamic fort called ''Bilot'', 500m from the [[Dera Ismail Khan - Chashma highway]]. These ruins are situated on a hill.<br /> <br /> A sacred Sikh shrine is located in the Chota Bazaar of Dera Ismail Khan as [[Guru Nanak]] visited this place during his fourth itinerary&lt;!-- is this the correct Sikh term? --&gt;. At the site where he stayed a [[dharamsala]] was built by his devotees. It is a large building, its main gate opens in the Chota Bazaar. Inside this door there is a double storey square building, where Prakash used to take place. There are residential rooms around this building for pilgrims. Inside the darbar there is a [[thara sahib]] (pious seat) where Guru Nanak Dev Ji once sat. Presently the Government Higher Secondary School No. 3 is housed in this building. This dharamsala was maintained by [[SGPC]] before 1947 and presently it is in the hands of the [[Waqf]] department.<br /> <br /> ==Economic production in the district==<br /> One of the most famous products of this district is the &quot;[[Dhakki date]]&quot;, which is exported to Middle East, United States, and Europe. This date or ''khajoor'' is grown in the nearby village of [[Dhakki]] 49km away on Chashma Road. This district also produces wheat, sugar cane (''ganna''), Good rice, and a very famous variety of mango called [[langra]]. The most desirable langras are grown in a the village of [[Panyala]]. Nowadays D I Khan is increasingly exporting another type of dried date called ''chooara''. The majority of chooara are produced in Dhakki, Mitrah Abad and Saidu Wali. Saidu Wali is the village of D I Khan situated in Tehsil Pahar Pur about 58 km from D I Khan near Dhakki and Pahar Pur. There are also coal mines in the village of ''Saidu Wali'' on the edge of CRBC Canal.<br /> <br /> The bazars of the city all converge in one area, called [[Chowgalla]] (literally &quot;intersection&quot;) Major bazars include Topanwala bazar, Bhatiya bazar, Muslim bazar, Kalan bazar and Bakhiri bazar.<br /> <br /> Like other cities and towns of the [[Saraiki]]-speaking belt, Dera Ismail Khan is also famous for a desert delicacy called sohan [[halwa]]. Shops selling this sweet are primarily situated in Topawaala bazar. <br /> <br /> Dera Ismail Khan is also famous for its lacquered woodwork, glass and ivory ware, mats, and [[sarong]]s. Newer industries within the city include sugar, soap, textile and oil milling. [[Radio Pakistan]] is also situated in D.I.Khan., telecastisg Saraiki and Pashto programmes. CRBC Canal is the major canal which provide water for irrigation.<br /> <br /> ==Official Website==<br /> *[http://www.apnadikhan.com Official site]<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Dera Ismail Khan District]]<br /> * [[Dera Ismail Khan Airport]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Dera-Ismail-Khan-Union-Councils}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Cities, towns and villages in North-West Frontier Province]]<br /> [[Category:Dera Ismail Khan District]]<br /> <br /> [[pt:Dera Ismail Khan]]<br /> [[ur:ڈیرہ اسماعیل خان]]</div> 145.221.24.7 https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gerrit_Zalm&diff=44899918 Gerrit Zalm 2008-04-14T16:31:48Z <p>145.221.24.7: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Gerrit Zalm''' (* [[6. Mai]] [[1952]] in [[Enkhuizen]]) ist ein [[Niederlande|niederländischer]] Politiker der [[Liberalismus|liberalen]] [[Volkspartij voor Vrijheid en Democratie]] (WD). Er war mit kurzen Unterbrechungen 1996 und 2002/03, von 1994 bis 2007 [[Finanzminister]] der Niederlande.<br /> <br /> Gerrit beendete 1975 erfolgreich das Studium der [[Volkswirtschaftslehre]] in Amsterdam, um eine Laufbahn im Finanzministerium zu beginnen. Zalm war bald einflussreicher Abteilungsleiter und seit 1990 zudem Professor an der [[Freie Universität Amsterdam|Freien Universität Amsterdam]]. 1994 wurde Zalm dann erstmals zum Finanzminister ernannt, er bleib dies bis zur Wahl der ersten kurzen Regierung [[Balkenende]], der er nicht angehörte; stattdessen wurde er Fraktionsführer der WD im niederländischen Unterhaus. Aber bereits der zweiten Regierung Balkenende (2003-2006) sollte Zalm wieder als Finanzminister angehören, zudem übt er seitdem das Amt des stellvertretenden Ministerpräsidenten der Niederlande aus. Anfang Juli 2006 leitete er zudem als geschäftsführender Minister das Wirtschaftsresort für acht Tage.<br /> <br /> Nach der [[Niederländische Parlamentswahlen 2006]] erklärte Zalm Ende November 2006, dass er nur noch bis zur Wahl der neuen Regierung als Minister zur Verfügung stehen werde und danach seine Laufbahn als aktiver Politiker beenden wolle. Zalm ist seit September 2007 Berater von [[Permira]].<br /> <br /> == Weblinks ==<br /> *[http://www.niederlandeweb.de/de/content/community/Niederlande/regering/02?contentonly=1 Kurzbiografie mit Foto auf der Website der Königlisch Niederländischen Vertretungen in Deutschland] (''deutsch'') <br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Zalm, Gerrit}}<br /> [[Kategorie:Politiker (Niederlande)]]<br /> [[Kategorie:Finanzminister]]<br /> [[Kategorie:Mann]]<br /> [[Kategorie:Geboren 1952]]<br /> <br /> {{Personendaten<br /> |NAME=Zalm, Gerrit<br /> |ALTERNATIVNAMEN=<br /> |KURZBESCHREIBUNG=Niederländischer Politiker der Liberalen Volkspartij voor Vrijheid en Democratie (WD)<br /> |GEBURTSDATUM=[[6. Mai]] [[1952]]<br /> |GEBURTSORT=[[Enkhuizen]]<br /> |STERBEDATUM=<br /> |STERBEORT=<br /> }}<br /> <br /> [[en:Gerrit Zalm]]<br /> [[fr:Gerrit Zalm]]<br /> [[nl:Gerrit Zalm]]</div> 145.221.24.7 https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Johan_Ludvig_von_Holstein&diff=43895575 Johan Ludvig von Holstein 2008-03-19T16:22:19Z <p>145.221.24.7: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Johan Ludvig von Holstein''' (* [[7. September]] [[1694]]; † [[29. Januar]] [[1763]]) war [[Kanzler]] von [[Dänemark]].<br /> <br /> Er wurde als Sohn von [[Johan Ernst von Holstein]] und [[Ilse von Kettenburg]] geboren. 1734 heiratete er Hedevig Vind, aus dieser Ehe ging ihr Sohn [[Christian Frederik Holstein-Ledreborg]] (1735–1799) hervor.<br /> <br /> [[Bild:Schloss Ledreborg.jpg|right|thumb|Schloss Ledreborg]]Ludvig trug den Titel [[Geheimrat]]. In den Jahren 1735 bis 1751 war er dänischer Kanzler; sein Nachfolger wurde [[Johann Hartwig Ernst von Bernstorff]]. <br /> <br /> Eine seiner großen Leidenschaften war seine Kunst-, Literatur- und Manuskriptsammlung; er besaß eine große Bibliothek. Noch heute können auf [[Schloss Ledreborg]], das von ihm 1739 gebaut und seitdem kaum verändert wurde, viele Teile seiner Sammlung besichtigt werden. Das Schloss ist seit mehr als 250 Jahren im Besitz der Familie der Grafen Holstein-Ledreborg. <br /> <br /> Ein weiteres Anliegen Ludvigs war die Bildung – lange Jahre widmete er sich als &quot;Universitätspatron&quot; der [[Universität Kopenhagen|Universität von Kopenhagen]]. <br /> <br /> Eine dänische [[Walfang]]station Sydbay (Ukiivik) auf [[Grönland]] wurde um 1720 in &quot;Holsteinsborg&quot; (später [[Sisimiut]]) umbenannt. Anlass war eine Expedition der Universität, die in diese Region mit Hilfe Ludvigs unternommen werden konnte.<br /> <br /> [[Kategorie:Mann|Holstein, Johan Ludwig]]<br /> [[Kategorie:Politiker (Dänemark)|Holstein, Johan Ludwig]]<br /> [[Kategorie:Geheimrat|Holstein, Johan Ludwig]]<br /> [[Kategorie:Geboren 1694|Holstein, Johan Ludwig]]<br /> [[Kategorie:Gestorben 1763|Holstein, Johan Ludwig]]<br /> <br /> {{Personendaten<br /> |NAME=Holstein, Johan Ludwig<br /> |ALTERNATIVNAMEN=<br /> |KURZBESCHREIBUNG=Kanzler von Dänemark; Kunst- und Literatursammler<br /> |GEBURTSDATUM=[[7. September]] [[1694]]<br /> |GEBURTSORT=<br /> |STERBEDATUM=[[29. Januar]] [[1763]]<br /> |STERBEORT=<br /> }}<br /> <br /> [[en:Johan Ludvig]]<br /> [[nl:Johan Ludvig von Holstein]]<br /> [[pl:Johan Ludvig von Holstein]]</div> 145.221.24.7 https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stoomtrein_Katwijk_Leiden&diff=137456596 Stoomtrein Katwijk Leiden 2008-01-03T09:00:20Z <p>145.221.24.7: /* Verhuizing */</p> <hr /> <div>{{wrapper}}<br /> |[[Afbeelding:Marijnke.jpg|thumb|Stoomloc &quot;Marijnke&quot; wordt bij halte Valkenburgse Meer voor de tram gekoppeld om de rit naar Wassenaarse Wetering te beginnen]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> Onder de naam '''Stoomtrein Valkenburgse Meer''' (kortweg SVM) exploiteert het [[Nationaal Smalspoormuseum]] een museum[[smalspoor]]lijn rond het Valkenburgse Meer in het Zuidoosten van [[Katwijk (Zuid-Holland)|Katwijk]]. De [[trein]] (technisch gezien eigenlijk [[tram]]) heeft de samenstelling van een [[stoomtram]] uit het begin van de 20e eeuw.<br /> <br /> == Oorsprong ==<br /> De SVM vindt zijn oorsprong in de Zuidduinen van Katwijk. Vanaf het beginpunt Vrieze Wei, vlakbij het centrum, reed sinds [[1973]] een stoomtreintje over het spoor dat vroeger door de duinwatermaatschappij LDM werd gebruikt voor goederentransport, en die toestemming had gegeven aan een aantal smalspoorhobbyisten om rondritten te houden door de duinen. Door de Nederlandse Smalspoorstichting (NSS) werden locomotieven verworven, onder andere van bedrijven die hun smalspooractiviteiten staakten. De tramrijtuigen werden door de NSS in Katwijk zelf gebouwd.<br /> <br /> == Verhuizing ==<br /> Eind [[jaren '80]] besloot [[Staatsbosbeheer]], eigenaar van de Katwijkse Zuidduinen, dat het toeristenlijntje niet langer door de duinen mocht lopen. Door de NSS werd de Stichting Nationaal Smalspoor opgericht met het doel een museum en bijbehorende museumlijn te exploiteren, waarbij de NSS haar materieel ter beschikking stelde. Samen werken ze nu samen onder de naam: Stoomtrein Valkenburgse Meer [[SVM]]. Door de Provincie Zuid Holland werd de locatie aan het Valkenburgse Meer ter beschikking gesteld om dit doel te realiseren. In [[1992]] werd de laatste rit door de Zuidduinen gemaakt. Vanaf [[1993]] werd over een nieuwe route rondom het Valkenburgse Meer, langs de toenmalige vliegbasis [[Vliegbasis Valkenburg|Valkenburg]], gereden. Deze ronde wordt nog steeds gebruikt. Sinds [[1995]] is het [[Nationaal Smalspoormuseum]] geopend. Hierin staan diverse stoom- en diesellocomotieven tentoongesteld, alsmede andere zaken die met [[smalspoor]] te maken hebben. Een pronkstuk is het laatste tramstel[[stoomtram]] van de [[Gelderse Tram]] (GSTM). Vanaf 2003 wordt gebouwd aan het buitenmuseum, waarvan inmiddels de rijtuigenloods en de stoomlocomotievenloods zijn gerealiseerd. In het buitenmuseum zullen diverse objecten worden tentoongesteld waarbij smalspoor een rol speelde, zoals o.m. een [[excavateur]], een mijngang en een tuinderskas.<br /> <br /> == De route ==<br /> [[Afbeelding:Route SVM.jpg|thumb|right|De route van de museumlijn om het Valkenburgse Meer]]<br /> De lijn, met een een [[spoorwijdte]] van 700 mm, heeft haar beginpunt op het voorterrein van het museum, op de locatie van het te bouwen station. De rit vangt aan met een rit naar de Wassenaarse Wetering, aan de andere zijde van het meer. Na het omrangeren van de locomotief rijdt de trein terug, passeert het museum, en stopt bij de remise. Vervolgens wordt de loc opnieuw omgerangeerd, en keert de trein terug naar het museum. De lengte van het traject is circa 4,5 km. Misschien wordt het ooit mogelijk om rondom het meer te rijden. Dit is afhankelijk van de zandwinning in het Valkenburgse Meer. De baan was aanvankelijk uitgevoerd in veldspoor (12 kg/m). Sinds 2004 worden delen van het spoor vervangen door zwaarder materiaal (24 kg/m) dat minder onderhoudsgevoelig is.<br /> <br /> In [[2006]] is voor het eerst met de gemeenteraad van Katwijk gesproken over verlenging van de smalspoorlijn verder in de richting van de duinen. Dit zou een nieuw tracé van enkele kilometers betekenen, wat dankzij de sluiting van het marinevliegkamp mogelijk zou worden. Als dit al gaat gebeuren, is het echter toekomstmuziek; het Smalspoormuseum werkt eerst nog aan de bouw van een buitenmuseum (dat de voltooiing nadert) en de restauratie van enkele [[stoomloc]]omotieven. Pas daarna kan geld gespaard worden voor een eventuele doortrekking van de museumlijn.<br /> <br /> == Dienstuitvoering ==<br /> Het rijseizoen duurt van Hemelvaartsdag t/m het laatste weekend van september. In de weekeinden wordt met stoomtractie gereden. Daarnaast zijn er extra rijdagen, waarop met dieseltractie gereden wordt. Enkele malen per jaar worden er buiten het rijseizoen speciale rijdagen gehouden, doorgaans met stoomtractie. De bij de stoom- en dieselritten gebruikte rijtuigen ([[P-serie]]) zijn in de jaren '80 of later gebouwd in de NSS-werkplaats in de duinen van Katwijk of bij het Valkenburgse Meer.<br /> <br /> &lt;gallery&gt;<br /> Afbeelding:Tram met museum op achtergrond.jpg|[[P-serie]]-tram op halte Valkenburgse Meer, met het [[Nationaal Smalspoormuseum|museum]] op de achtergrond<br /> Afbeelding:Tramhalte Wetlands.jpg|Tramhalte Wetlands (niet meer in gebruik) bij de gemeentegrens met [[Wassenaar]]<br /> Afbeelding:Tramhalte Wassenaarse Wetering.jpg|Eindhalte Wassenaarse Wetering<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Externe links==<br /> * [http://www.smalspoormuseum.nl/ Stoomtrein Valkenburgse Meer]<br /> * [http://video.google.nl/videoplay?docid=-3705002897067083470&amp;hl=nl Reportage van RTV Katwijk over de laatste duinrit]<br /> * [http://www.railmusea.nl/ Railmusea in Nederland]<br /> * [http://www.museummaterieel.nl/ Nederlandse Museummaterieel Database]<br /> <br /> {{Spoorweg- en trammusea in Nederland}}<br /> [[Categorie:Katwijk]]<br /> [[Categorie:Toeristische spoorweg in Nederland]]</div> 145.221.24.7 https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stoomtrein_Katwijk_Leiden&diff=137456595 Stoomtrein Katwijk Leiden 2008-01-03T08:57:36Z <p>145.221.24.7: /* Verhuizing */</p> <hr /> <div>{{wrapper}}<br /> |[[Afbeelding:Marijnke.jpg|thumb|Stoomloc &quot;Marijnke&quot; wordt bij halte Valkenburgse Meer voor de tram gekoppeld om de rit naar Wassenaarse Wetering te beginnen]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> Onder de naam '''Stoomtrein Valkenburgse Meer''' (kortweg SVM) exploiteert het [[Nationaal Smalspoormuseum]] een museum[[smalspoor]]lijn rond het Valkenburgse Meer in het Zuidoosten van [[Katwijk (Zuid-Holland)|Katwijk]]. De [[trein]] (technisch gezien eigenlijk [[tram]]) heeft de samenstelling van een [[stoomtram]] uit het begin van de 20e eeuw.<br /> <br /> == Oorsprong ==<br /> De SVM vindt zijn oorsprong in de Zuidduinen van Katwijk. Vanaf het beginpunt Vrieze Wei, vlakbij het centrum, reed sinds [[1973]] een stoomtreintje over het spoor dat vroeger door de duinwatermaatschappij LDM werd gebruikt voor goederentransport, en die toestemming had gegeven aan een aantal smalspoorhobbyisten om rondritten te houden door de duinen. Door de Nederlandse Smalspoorstichting (NSS) werden locomotieven verworven, onder andere van bedrijven die hun smalspooractiviteiten staakten. De tramrijtuigen werden door de NSS in Katwijk zelf gebouwd.<br /> <br /> == Verhuizing ==<br /> Eind [[jaren '80]] besloot [[Staatsbosbeheer]], eigenaar van de Katwijkse Zuidduinen, dat het toeristenlijntje niet langer door de duinen mocht lopen. Door de NSS werd de Stichting Nationaal Smalspoor opgericht met het doel een museum en bijbehorende museumlijn te exploiteren, waarbij de NSS haar materieel ter beschikking stelde. Samen werken ze nu samen onder de naam: Stoomtrein Valkenburgse Meer [[SVM]]. Door de Provincie Zuid Holland werd de locatie aan het Valkenburgse Meer ter beschikking gesteld om dit doel te realiseren. In [[1992]] werd de laatste rit door de Zuidduinen gemaakt. Vanaf [[1993]] werd over een nieuwe route rondom het Valkenburgse Meer, langs de toenmalige vliegbasis [[Vliegbasis Valkenburg|Valkenburg]], gereden. Deze ronde wordt nog steeds gebruikt. Sinds [[1995]] is het [[Nationaal Smalspoormuseum]] geopend. Hierin staan diverse stoom- en diesellocomotieven tentoongesteld, alsmede andere zaken die met [[smalspoor]] te maken hebben. Een pronkstuk is het laatste tramstel[[stoomtram]] van de [[Gelderse Tram]] (GSTM). Vanaf 2003 wordt gebouwd aan het buitenmuseum, waarvan inmiddels de rijtuigenloods en de stoomlocomotievenloods zijn gerealiseerd. In het buitenmuseum zullen diverse objecten worden tentoongesteld waarbij smalspoor een rol speelde, zoals o.m. een excavateur, een mijngang en een tuinderskas.<br /> <br /> == De route ==<br /> [[Afbeelding:Route SVM.jpg|thumb|right|De route van de museumlijn om het Valkenburgse Meer]]<br /> De lijn, met een een [[spoorwijdte]] van 700 mm, heeft haar beginpunt op het voorterrein van het museum, op de locatie van het te bouwen station. De rit vangt aan met een rit naar de Wassenaarse Wetering, aan de andere zijde van het meer. Na het omrangeren van de locomotief rijdt de trein terug, passeert het museum, en stopt bij de remise. Vervolgens wordt de loc opnieuw omgerangeerd, en keert de trein terug naar het museum. De lengte van het traject is circa 4,5 km. Misschien wordt het ooit mogelijk om rondom het meer te rijden. Dit is afhankelijk van de zandwinning in het Valkenburgse Meer. De baan was aanvankelijk uitgevoerd in veldspoor (12 kg/m). Sinds 2004 worden delen van het spoor vervangen door zwaarder materiaal (24 kg/m) dat minder onderhoudsgevoelig is.<br /> <br /> In [[2006]] is voor het eerst met de gemeenteraad van Katwijk gesproken over verlenging van de smalspoorlijn verder in de richting van de duinen. Dit zou een nieuw tracé van enkele kilometers betekenen, wat dankzij de sluiting van het marinevliegkamp mogelijk zou worden. Als dit al gaat gebeuren, is het echter toekomstmuziek; het Smalspoormuseum werkt eerst nog aan de bouw van een buitenmuseum (dat de voltooiing nadert) en de restauratie van enkele [[stoomloc]]omotieven. Pas daarna kan geld gespaard worden voor een eventuele doortrekking van de museumlijn.<br /> <br /> == Dienstuitvoering ==<br /> Het rijseizoen duurt van Hemelvaartsdag t/m het laatste weekend van september. In de weekeinden wordt met stoomtractie gereden. Daarnaast zijn er extra rijdagen, waarop met dieseltractie gereden wordt. Enkele malen per jaar worden er buiten het rijseizoen speciale rijdagen gehouden, doorgaans met stoomtractie. De bij de stoom- en dieselritten gebruikte rijtuigen ([[P-serie]]) zijn in de jaren '80 of later gebouwd in de NSS-werkplaats in de duinen van Katwijk of bij het Valkenburgse Meer.<br /> <br /> &lt;gallery&gt;<br /> Afbeelding:Tram met museum op achtergrond.jpg|[[P-serie]]-tram op halte Valkenburgse Meer, met het [[Nationaal Smalspoormuseum|museum]] op de achtergrond<br /> Afbeelding:Tramhalte Wetlands.jpg|Tramhalte Wetlands (niet meer in gebruik) bij de gemeentegrens met [[Wassenaar]]<br /> Afbeelding:Tramhalte Wassenaarse Wetering.jpg|Eindhalte Wassenaarse Wetering<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Externe links==<br /> * [http://www.smalspoormuseum.nl/ Stoomtrein Valkenburgse Meer]<br /> * [http://video.google.nl/videoplay?docid=-3705002897067083470&amp;hl=nl Reportage van RTV Katwijk over de laatste duinrit]<br /> * [http://www.railmusea.nl/ Railmusea in Nederland]<br /> * [http://www.museummaterieel.nl/ Nederlandse Museummaterieel Database]<br /> <br /> {{Spoorweg- en trammusea in Nederland}}<br /> [[Categorie:Katwijk]]<br /> [[Categorie:Toeristische spoorweg in Nederland]]</div> 145.221.24.7