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Hauptkirche St. Nikolai (Hamburg-Harvestehude)

2023-10-31T16:54:35Z

131.111.5.183:

[[Datei:Hamburg.harvestehude.hauptkirche.st.nikolai.sued.wmt.jpg|mini|St. Nikolai in Hamburg-Harvestehude]]

{{Coordinate |article=/|map=right|maplevel=adm1st|name=Neue Hauptkirche St. Nikolai|NS=53/34/52/N |EW=9/59/26/E |type=landmark|region=DE-HH|mapcaption=Lage in Hamburg}}
Die '''Hauptkirche St. Nikolai''' wurde 1962 in [[Hamburg-Harvestehude]] am [[Harvestehuder Weg]] nahe dem [[Klosterstern]] eingeweiht und löste als [[Hamburger Hauptkirchen|Hauptkirche]] die kriegszerstörte [[Ehemalige Hauptkirche St. Nikolai (Hamburg)|ehemalige Hauptkirche St. Nikolai]] im Stadtzentrum ab, die heute als Ruine und Mahnmal weiterbesteht. Das Gemeindegebiet der neuen Nikolaikirche wurde aus Teilen der Kirchengemeinden [[St. Johannis (Harvestehude)]], [[St. Johannis (Hamburg-Eppendorf)]], [[Matthäuskirche (Hamburg)|Matthäusgemeinde (Winterhude)]] und [[St. Andreas (Hamburg)|St. Andreas (Harvestehude)]] gebildet. Das alte Gemeindegebiet der zerstörten St.-Nikolai-Kirche wurde in die Zuständigkeit der Hauptkirchen [[St.-Katharinenkirche (Hamburg)|St. Katharinen]] und [[St.-Michaelis-Kirche (Hamburg)|St. Michaelis]] überführt.

== Architektur und Baugeschichte ==
St. Nikolai wurde als Rundbau mit Glockenturm ausgeführt. Der Entwurf stammt von den Architekten Dieter und [[Gerhard Langmaack]]. Der Turm erreicht mit der rund 3 Meter hohen [[Wetterfahne]] eine Höhe von 89,4 Metern<ref>Höhe von St. Nikolai durch indirekte Höhenmessungen am 19. August 2009 durch J. Möhring bestimmt.</ref> und ist damit der siebthöchste Kirchturm in Hamburg nach den Türmen der fünf alten Hauptkirchen und der [[St. Gertrud (Hamburg-Uhlenhorst)|St.-Gertrud-Kirche]] auf der [[Hamburg-Uhlenhorst|Uhlenhorst]]. Die gesamte Länge beträgt etwa 40,5 Meter und die Breite etwa 35 Meter.<ref>Bestimmung der Gesamtlänge und -breite über Satellitenbild (August 2009); Abmessungen ohne Gemeindehaus.</ref>

Der Bau gilt als einer der bedeutendsten in der Nachkriegszeit erstellten Sakralbauten Hamburgs. Die Architekten wählten für das asymmetrisch geschwungene [[Kirchenschiff]] einen kelchförmigen Grundriss. Dieser soll die Gemeinde vor dem Altar zusammenschließen, ohne die räumliche Grenze zum Altarbereich zu verwischen. So wird der von einer hellen strukturieren Holzdecke überwölbte Kirchenraum mit seinen über 500 Sitzplätzen<ref>{{Literatur |Autor=[[Gertrud Schiller]] |Hrsg=Evangelisch-lutherische Kirche Hamburg |Titel=Hamburgs neue Kirchen 1951–1961 |Verlag=Hans Christians Verlag |Ort=Hamburg |Datum=1961 |Seiten=80}}</ref> auf den schlichten Altar und das Altarbild ausgerichtet.

Am 27. Januar 2006 wurde die Kirche mit ihrer Ausstattung in die Denkmalschutzliste Hamburgs eingetragen.

== Ausstattung ==
[[Datei:Nikolai neu fenster.jpg|mini|Coester-Fenster im Baptisterium]]
Da die neue Hauptkirche St. Nikolai als Nachfolgerin der zerstörten Nikolaikirche verstanden wird, nimmt die Ausstattung an vielen Stellen Bezug auf das heutige Mahnmal.

Das Altarbild, ein Mosaik mit dem Namen ''Ecce Homines'' („Seht, die Menschen“), das 1974 nach einem Entwurf [[Oskar Kokoschka]]s von dem italienischen Künstler Sergio Cicognani geschaffen wurde, ist ein Pendant zu dem gleichartigen Mosaik in schwarz-weißer Ausführung im Chorraum der alten Nikolaikirche.<ref>[http://www.forum-kirchenpaedagogik.de/blog/?p=160#more-160 Altarbild ''Ecce Homines''], siehe auch: [http://www.mahnmal-st-nikolai.de/?page_id=16 Mahnmal St. Nikolai: Ecce Homo. Oskar Kokoschka] abgerufen am 7. Mai 2011</ref> Das Mosaik ist nicht in die Wand eingelassen, sondern hängt frei als Bild über dem Altarkreuz.

Dieses Kruzifix wurde wie auch drei Bronze-Reliefs an der Kanzel vom Bildhauer [[Fritz Fleer]] gestaltet. Ebenfalls von ihm ist die 1985 geschaffene ''Nikolaustür'' an der Westfassade, die drei Szenen der Nikolauslegende darstellt.

Der Eingang in die Kirche erfolgt durch das ''Baptisterium'', einer Taufkapelle mit einem Taufaltar, in dem das sogenannte ''Coester-Fenster'' verschiedene Szenen aus der [[Johannesoffenbarung]] zeigt. Das Fenster wurde 1939 von [[Elisabeth Coester]] noch für die alte St.-Nikolai-Kirche fertiggestellt, aber aufgrund des Krieges dort nicht mehr eingebaut. Das Baptisterium der neuen Kirche wurde von den Architekten speziell für dieses Fenster gestaltet. In diesem Raum stammen auch die Steine des Taufaltars, der [[Torso]] einer Christusfigur und eine Statue des [[Ansgar (Erzbischof)|Erzbischofs Ansgar]] aus der Ruine der alten Nikolaikirche.

== Orgeln ==
=== Hauptorgel ===
[[Datei:Nikolai neu orgel 2.jpg|mini|Peter-Orgel (1962–2018)]]
Auf der rechten Empore steht die Haupt[[orgel]]. Mit dem Bau einer neuen Kirche am Klosterstern wurde 1962 auch der Bau einer neuen großen Orgel in Auftrag gegeben. Die Planung übernahm [[Ernst Karl Rößler]] von der [[Hochschule für Musik Freiburg]]. Das Instrument wurde von dem Orgelbauer Orgelbaufirma [[Willi Peter]] (Köln) erbaut und 1966 fertig gestellt.

Auffallend ist der [[Prospekt (Orgel)|Orgelprospekt]]: Er greift das in Hamburg beliebte Motiv des Schiffsbugs bzw. von Schiffssegeln auf. Die äußere Gestaltung der Orgel geht auf eine Idee des Architekten [[Gerhard Langmaack]] zurück, der das Instrument wegen des hohen Gewichtes an einem Stahlgerüst an der Außenwand der Kirche befestigen ließ. Das Schleifladen-Instrument hatte 63 [[Register (Orgel)|Register]] auf vier Manualwerken und [[Pedal (Orgel)|Pedal]].<ref>{{Internetquelle |url=http://www.orgbase.nl/scripts/ogb.exe?database=ob2&%250=2000401&LGE=DE&LIJST=lang |titel=Hamburg, Deutschland (Hamburg) – Hauptkirche Sankt Nikolai (Sankt Nikolaikirche am Klosterstern) |werk=Orgeldatatbase NL |hrsg=Piet Bron |abruf=2023-04-03}}</ref> Die Spiel[[traktur]]en waren mechanisch und die Registertraktur elektrisch.

Das Instrument wurde in Gottesdiensten und Konzertveranstaltungen genutzt. Ab Ostern 2018 war die Orgel nicht mehr spielbereit.

<div style="clear:both;" class="NavFrame">
<div class="NavHead hintergrundfarbe5" style="text-align:left;">Disposition der Peter-Orgel von 1966</div>
<div class="NavContent" style="text-align:left">

{| border="0" cellspacing="16" cellpadding="12" style="border-collapse:collapse;"
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''I Rückpositiv''' C–g3
----
|-
| Musiziergedeckt || 8′
|-
| Spitzflöte || 8′
|-
| Praestant || 4′
|-
| Rohrflöte || 4′
|-
| Nasat || {{Bruch|2|2|3}}′
|-
| Octave || 2′
|-
| Nachthorn || 2′
|-
| Terz || {{Bruch|1|3|5}}′
|-
| Rohrgemsquinte || {{Bruch|1|1|3}}′
|-
| Octave || 1′
|-
| Cimbel V || {{Bruch|2|3}}′
|-
| Rohrkrummhorn || 16′
|-
| Vox Virginia || 8′
|-
| ''Tremulant''
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''II Hauptwerk''' C–g3
----
|-
| Rohrpommer || 16′
|-
| Principal|| 8′
|-
| Gemshorn || 8′
|-
| Trichtergedeckt || 8′
|-
| Octave || 4′
|-
| Rohrflöte || 4′
|-
| Schwiegel || {{Bruch|2|2|3}}′
|-
| Octave || 2′
|-
| Blockpfeife || 2′
|-
| Großmixtur VIII–IX || {{Bruch|2|2|3}}′
|-
| Scharff V || 1′
|-
| Trompete || 16′
|-
| Trompete || 8′
|-
| ''Cimbelstern''
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''III Schwellwerk''' C–g3
----
|-
| Gemshorn || 16′
|-
| Bleioctave || 8′
|-
| Rohrgedeckt || 8′
|-
| Spitzgambe || 8′
|-
| Principal || 4′
|-
| Octava Nazarda || 4′
|-
| Spitzflöte || 4′
|-
| Octave || 2′
|-
| Doppelrohrflöte || 2′
|-
| Sesquialtera III || {{Bruch|2|2|3}}′
|-
| Span. Hintersatz III–IV || 4′
|-
| Mixtur VI || {{Bruch|1|1|3}}′
|-
| Fagott || 16′
|-
| Kopftrompete || 8′
|-
| Clarine || 4′
|-
| ''Tremulant''
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''IV Kronwerk''' C–g3
----
|-
| Gedecktflöte || 8′
|-
| Koppelflöte || 4′
|-
| Gemshorn || 2′
|-
| Terzglockenton IV || {{Bruch|1|1|3}}′
|-
| Cimbel II || {{Bruch|1|4}}′
|-
| Gemshornregal || 8′
|-
| Helle Trompete || 4′
|-
| ''Tremulant''
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''Pedal''' C–f1
----
|-
| Prinzipal || 16′
|-
| Subbass || 16′
|-
| Quintbass || {{Bruch|10|2|3}}′
|-
| Octavbass || 8′
|-
| Rohrtraverse || 8′
|-
| Octave || 4′
|-
| Schweizerflöte || 4′
|-
| Dulcian || 2′
|-
| Rauschwerk IV || {{Bruch|5|1|3}}′
|-
| Großterzian II || {{Bruch|3|1|5}}′+2′
|-
| Mixtur V–VI || 2′
|-
| Posaune || 16′
|-
| Dulcian || 16′
|-
| Trompete || 8′
|-
| Helle Trompete || 4′
|}
|}
* ''[[Koppel (Orgel)|Koppeln]]:'' I/II, III/II, IV/II, IV/III, I/P, II/P, III/P, IV/P
</div></div>
In den Jahren 2019–2023 wurde die denkmalgeschützte Peter-Orgel durch [[Johannes Klais Orgelbau]] saniert und weiterentwickelt. Das Instrument wurde auf 101 Register erweitert und um [[Schlagwerk (Musik)|Schlagwerkregister]] ergänzt (darunter [[Röhrenglocken]], [[Celesta]], [[Snare-Drum]] und [[Tamtam]]). Fünf Register sind als Antiphonal in einem separaten Gehäuse über dem Haupteingang untergebracht. Insgesamt hat die Orgel nun 7279 [[Orgelpfeife|Pfeifen]] (1966: 5201 Pfeifen), von denen 282 aus Holz und der Rest aus einer Zinn-Legierung gefertigt sind. Sie wurde mit einer [[Kombination (Orgel)|Setzeranlage]] ausgestattet und erhielt einen [[MIDI]]-Anschluss. Ein zweiter, fahrbarer [[Spieltisch (Orgel)|Spieltisch]] im Kirchenraum bietet fünf [[Manual (Musik)|Manuale]].

Der größte Teil der Kosten von mehr als 3 Millionen Euro konnte durch Spenden finanziert werden sollten.<ref>[https://orgel-stnikolai.de/ ''Die neue Orgel für St. Nikolai ''], abgerufen am 3. April 2023.</ref> Am Ostersonntag, 9. April 2023, wurde die erneuerte Orgel eingeweiht.<ref>[https://orgelbau-klais.com/m.php?tx=272 Disposition auf der Website von Orgelbau Klais], abgerufen am 11. Mai 2023.</ref>

{| border="0" cellspacing="16" cellpadding="12" style="border-collapse:collapse;"
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''I Rückpositiv''' C–g3
----
|-
| Musiziergedeckt || {{0}}8′
|-
| Spitzflöte || {{0}}8′
|-
| Praestant || {{0}}4′|| n
|-
| Sextade || {{0}}4′|| n
|-
| Nasat || {{0}}{{Bruch|2|2|3}}′
|-
| Octave || {{0}}2′
|-
| Nachthorn || {{0}}2′
|-
| Terz || {{0}}{{Bruch|1|3|5}}′
|-
| Rohrgemsquinte || {{0}}{{Bruch|1|1|3}}′
|-
| Octave || {{0}}1′
|-
| Cimbel V || {{0}}{{Bruch|2|3}}′
|-
| Rohrkrummhorn || 16′
|-
| Vox virginia || {{0}}8′
|-
| ''Tremulant''
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''II Hauptwerk''' C–g3
----
|-
| Principal|| 16′|| n
|-
| Rohrpommer || 16′
|-
| Principal|| {{0}}8′
|-
| Hornprincipal|| {{0}}8′|| n
|-
| Harmonieflöte || {{0}}8′|| n
|-
| Gemshorn || {{0}}8′
|-
| Trichtergedeckt || {{0}}8′
|-
| Weitoctave || {{0}}4′|| n
|-
| Octave|| {{0}}4′
|-
| Rohrflöte || {{0}}4′
|-
| Schwiegel || {{0}}{{Bruch|2|2|3}}′
|-
| Octave || {{0}}2′
|-
| Blockpfeife || {{0}}2′
|-
| Cornett V || {{0}}8′|| n
|-
| Großmixtur VIII–IX || {{Bruch|1|1|3}}′
|-
| Scharff V || {{0}}1′
|-
| Trompete || 16′|| tn
|-
| Trompete || {{0}}8′
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''III Schwellwerk''' C–g3
----
|-
| Gemshorn || 16′
|-
| Bordun || 16′|| n
|-
| Bleioctave || {{0}}8′
|-
| Rohrgedeckt || {{0}}8′
|-
| Spitzgambe || {{0}}8′
|-
| Schwebung || {{0}}8′|| n
|-
| Principal || {{0}}4′
|-
| Octava Nazarda || {{0}}4′
|-
| Spitzflöte || {{0}}4′
|-
| Octave || {{0}}2′
|-
| Doppelrohrflöte || {{0}}2′
|-
| Sesquialtera III || {{0}}{{Bruch|2|2|3}}′
|-
| Span. Hintersatz III–IV || {{0}}4′
|-
| Mixtur VI || {{0}}{{Bruch|1|1|3}}′
|-
| Un-Tredezime II || {{0}}{{Bruch|8|11}}′|| tn
|-
| Fagott || 16′|| tn
|-
| Kopftrompete || {{0}}8′
|-
| Horn || {{0}}8′ || n
|-
| Clarine || {{0}}4′
|-
| ''Tremulant''
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''IV Kronwerk''' C–g3
----
|-
| Gedecktflöte || 8′|| n
|-
| Koppelflöte || 4′
|-
| Gemshorn || 2′
|-
| Terzglockenton IV || {{Bruch|1|1|3}}′ || tn
|-
| Cimbel II || {{Bruch|1|4}}′
|-
| Gemshornregal || 8′
|-
| Helle Trompete || 4′
|-
| ''Tremulant''
|-
| ''Zimbelstern''
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''V Zungenwerk''' C–g3
----
|-
|Klarinette ||8′|| n
|-
|Saxophon ||8′|| n
|-
| ''Celesta''|| || n
|}
|}
{| border="0" cellspacing="16" cellpadding="12" style="border-collapse:collapse;"
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''Chorwerk I''' C–a3
----
|-
|Geigenprincipal ||8′|| n
|-
|Concertflöte ||8′|| n
|-
|Dolce ||8′|| n
|-
|Aeoline ||8′|| n
|-
|Vox coelestis ||8′|| n
|-
|Flauto amabile ||4′|| n
|-
|Violine ||4′|| n
|-
|Trompete ||8′|| n
|-
|Vox humana ||8′|| n
|-
|''Tremulant''|| || n
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''Aliquotwerk''' C–a3
----
|-
| Octav Reihe || 8′|| n
|-
| kl. Sekunde Reihe || {{Bruch|7|9|17}}′|| n
|-
| gr. Sekunde Reihe || {{Bruch|7|1|9}}′|| n
|-
| kl. Terz Reihe || {{Bruch|6|14|19}}′|| n
|-
| gr. Terz Reihe || {{Bruch|6|2|5}}′|| n
|-
| Quarte Reihe || 6′|| n
|-
| Quinte Reihe || {{Bruch|5|1|3}}′|| n
|-
| Sexte Reihe || {{Bruch|4|4|5}}′|| n
|-
| kl. Septime Reihe || {{Bruch|4|4|7}}′|| n
|-
| gr. Septime Reihe || {{Bruch|4|4|15}}′|| n
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''Antiphonal''' C–a3
----
|-
| Principal || 8′|| n
|-
| Dolce || 8′|| n
|-
| Bordun || 8′|| n
|-
| Traversflöte || 4′|| n
|-
| Tuba || 8′|| n
|-
| ''Tremulant''|| || n
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''Pedal''' C–f1
----
|-
| Untersatz || 32′|| n
|-
| Flöte || 16′|| n
|-
| Prinzipal || 16′
|-
| Subbass || 16′
|-
| Quintbass || {{Bruch|10|2|3}}′
|-
| Octavbass || {{0}}8′|| n
|-
| Rohrtraverse || {{0}}8′
|-
| Octave || {{0}}4′|| n
|-
| Schweizerflöte || {{0}}4′
|-
| Dulcian || {{0}}2′
|-
| Rauschwerk IV || {{0}}{{Bruch|5|1|3}}′
|-
| Großterzian II || {{0}}{{Bruch|3|1|5}}′
|-
| Mixtur V–VI || {{0}}2′
|-
| Posaune || 16′
|-
| Dulcian || 16′
|-
| Trompete || {{0}}8′
|-
| Helle Trompete || {{0}}4′
|-
| ''Röhrenglocken''|| ''16’''
|-
| ''Celesta''
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''Schlagwerke'''
----
|-
| ''Gong I''|| n
|-
| ''Gong II''|| n
|-
| ''Tam-Tam''|| n
|-
| ''Snare Einzelschlag''|| n
|-
| ''Snare Wirbel''|| n
|-
| ''Große Trommel Einzelschlag''|| n
|-
| ''Große Trommel Wirbel''|| n
|}
|}

* ''[[Koppel (Orgel)|Koppeln]]:'' I/II, I/V, II/V, III/I, III/II, III/V, IV/I, IV/II, IV/III, IV/V, V/I, V/II, V/IV, CW/I, CW/II, CW/III, CW/IV, CW/V, CW/super, CW/CW sub, CW Äqual ab, ANT/I, ANT/II, ANT/III, ANT/IV, I/P, II/P, III/P, IV/P, V/P, CW/P, ANT/P
'''Anmerkung:''' Mit ''n'' bezeichnete Register wurden von Klais gebaut, mit ''tn'' bezeichnete Register sind teilweise neu.

=== Baptisterium ===
Die Orgel des Baptisteriums wurde 2019 von der Orgelbaufirma Klais (Bonn) erbaut. Das rein mechanische Instrument hat 11 Register auf zwei Manualwerken und Pedal. Der Prospekt wurde in Anlehnung an die Formensprache der Hauptorgel gestaltet und greift das Segelmotiv wieder auf.<ref>Informationen zur [https://klais.de/m.php?sid=487 Orgel] des Baptisteriums auf der Website der Erbauerfirma</ref>

{| border="0" cellspacing="16" cellpadding="12" style="border-collapse:collapse;"
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''I Rückpositiv''' C–f3
----
|-
| {{0}}1.|| Copula ||{{0}}8′
|-
| {{0}}2.|| Flauten ||{{0}}4′
|-
| || ''Quinte (vorab Nr. 3)'' ||''{{Bruch|2|2|3}}′''
|-
| {{0}}3.|| Sesquialter II ||{{0}}{{Bruch|2|2|3}}′
|-
| || ''Tremulant''
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''II Hauptwerk''' C–f3
----
|-
| {{0}}4.|| Principal ||{{0}}8′
|-
| {{0}}5.|| Gamba ||{{0}}8′
|-
| {{0}}6.|| Bordun ||{{0}}8′
|-
| {{0}}7.|| Octav ||{{0}}4′
|-
| {{0}}8.|| Quinte ||{{Bruch|1|1|3}}′
|-
| {{0}}9.|| Mixtur III ||{{0}}2′
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''Pedal''' C–f1
----
|-
| 10.|| Subbass ||16′
|-
| 11.|| Gedacktbass ||{{0}}8′
|}
|}
* ''[[Koppel (Orgel)|Koppeln]]:'' I/II, I/P, II/P

== Glocken ==
Das fünfstimmige, [[pentatonisch]] aufgebaute Geläut<ref>Name, Masse und Schlagton lt. Tafel im Kircheneingang. 20. Januar 2012.</ref> wurde im Jahre 1962 von [[Friedrich Wilhelm Schilling]] in [[Heidelberg]] gegossen. Benutzt wurde dabei das Material der [[Glocke]]n aus der [[Ehemalige Hauptkirche St. Nikolai (Hamburg)|alten Nikolaikirche]].<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PlUs7y2fQQ Videoaufnahme der Glocken] bei YouTube.de</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center
! Glocke
! Name
! Durchmesser
! Masse
! [[Schlagton]]
|-
| 1 || align=left | Friedensglocke || {{0}}2.170 mm || 7.354 kg || '''g'''0
|-
| 2 || align=left | Apostelglocke || ≈1.900 mm || 4.751 kg || '''a'''0
|-
| 3 || Vaterstadtglocke || ≈1.590 mm || 2.639 kg || '''c'''1
|-
| 4 || align=left | Nikolausglocke || ≈1.400 mm || 1.945 kg || '''d'''1
|-
| 5 || align=left | Ewigkeitsglocke || ≈1.320 mm || 1.590 kg || '''e'''1
|}

== Fotografien ==
<gallery heights=150>
Hamburg.harvestehude.hauptkirche.st.nikolai.nord.wmt.jpg|Ansicht von Norden mit Fensterrosette
Nikolai neu turm und schiff.jpg|Turm und Wand des Kirchenschiffs
Nikolai neu torso.jpg|Christustorso aus der alten Nikolaikirche
Nikolai neu nikolaustuer.jpg|Nikolaustür
Nikolai neu fenster detail.jpg|Detail am Hauptfenster
</gallery>

== Siehe auch ==
* [[Liste der Hamburger Hauptpastoren#Hauptpastoren an St. Nikolai|Hauptpastoren an St. Nikolai]]
* [[Hamburger Knabenchor St. Nikolai]]
* [[Nikolaikirche|Liste von Kirchen]], die nach dem [[Nikolaus von Myra|Hl. Nikolaus]] benannt sind

== Literatur ==
* {{Literatur
|Autor=[[Ralf Lange]]
|Titel=Architektur in Hamburg
|Verlag=[[Junius Verlag]]
|Ort=Hamburg
|Datum=2008
|ISBN=978-3-88506-586-9
|Seiten=123 f.}}
* {{Literatur
|Autor=[[Matthias Gretzschel]]
|Titel=Kirchen in Hamburg: Geschichte, Architektur, Angebote
|Verlag=[[Axel Springer Verlag]]
|Ort=Hamburg
|Datum=2000
|ISBN=3-921305-92-6
|Seiten=36 f.}}
* {{Literatur
|Autor=[[Friedhelm Grundmann]], Thomas Helms
|Titel=Wenn Steine predigen
|Verlag=Medien Verlag Schubert
|Ort=Hamburg
|Datum=1993
|ISBN=3-929229-14-5
|Seiten=144 f.}}
* {{Literatur
|Autor=G. Fedrowitz, R. Müsing
|Titel=10 Jahre Klostersterngemeinde
|Verlag=Eigenverlag Hauptkirche St. Nikolai
|Ort=Hamburg
|Datum=1966}}

== Weblinks ==
{{Commonscat|St. Nikolai (Hamburg-Harvestehude)}}
* [https://www.hauptkirche-stnikolai.de/kirche/kirche-am-klosterstern/kirche-und-ausstattung/ St. Nikolai am Klosterstern - Kirche und Ausstattung] auf der Homepage der Gemeinde
* [http://www.kantorei-stnikolai.de/ Homepage der Kantorei St. Nikolai]

== Einzelnachweise ==
<references />

{{Navigationsleiste Hamburger Hauptkirchen}}
{{Normdaten|TYP=k|GND=365236-1|LCCN=n97069823|VIAF=168679605}}

{{SORTIERUNG:Hamburg, Nikolaikirche, neue}}
[[Kategorie:Kirchengebäude des Kirchenkreises Hamburg-Ost]]
[[Kategorie:Nikolaikirche|Hamburg]]
[[Kategorie:Kulturdenkmal in Hamburg-Harvestehude]]
[[Kategorie:Erbaut in den 1960er Jahren]]
[[Kategorie:Bauwerk der Moderne in Hamburg]]
[[Kategorie:Kirchengebäude in Hamburg|Nikolai]]
[[Kategorie:Kirchengebäude der Moderne]]
[[Kategorie:Disposition einer Orgel|Hamburg]]
[[Kategorie:Geläut]]
[[Kategorie:Bauwerk von Gerhard Langmaack|Nikolai Hamburg]]
[[Kategorie:Kirchengebäude in Europa]]
[[Kategorie:Bauwerk im Bezirk Eimsbüttel]]

Hauptkirche St. Nikolai (Hamburg-Harvestehude)

2023-10-31T16:52:09Z

131.111.5.183: /* Ausstattung */

[[Datei:Hamburg.harvestehude.hauptkirche.st.nikolai.sued.wmt.jpg|mini|St. Nikolai in Hamburg-Harvestehude]]

{{Coordinate |article=/|map=right|maplevel=adm1st|name=Neue Hauptkirche St. Nikolai|NS=53/34/52/N |EW=9/59/26/E |type=landmark|region=DE-HH|mapcaption=Lage in Hamburg}}
Die '''Hauptkirche St. Nikolai''' wurde 1962 in [[Hamburg-Harvestehude]] am [[Harvestehuder Weg]] nahe dem [[Klosterstern]] eingeweiht und löste als [[Hamburger Hauptkirchen|Hauptkirche]] die kriegszerstörte [[Ehemalige Hauptkirche St. Nikolai (Hamburg)|ehemalige Hauptkirche St. Nikolai]] im Stadtzentrum ab, die heute als Ruine und Mahnmal weiterbesteht. Das Gemeindegebiet der neuen Nikolaikirche wurde aus Teilen der Kirchengemeinden [[St. Johannis (Harvestehude)]], [[St. Johannis (Hamburg-Eppendorf)]], [[Matthäuskirche (Hamburg)|Matthäusgemeinde (Winterhude)]] und [[St. Andreas (Hamburg)|St. Andreas (Harvestehude)]] gebildet. Das alte Gemeindegebiet der zerstörten St.-Nikolai-Kirche wurde in die Zuständigkeit der Hauptkirchen [[St.-Katharinenkirche (Hamburg)|St. Katharinen]] und [[St.-Michaelis-Kirche (Hamburg)|St. Michaelis]] überführt.

== Architektur und Baugeschichte ==
St. Nikolai wurde als Rundbau mit Glockenturm ausgeführt. Der Entwurf stammt von den Architekten Dieter und [[Gerhard Langmaack]]. Der Turm erreicht mit der rund 3 Meter hohen [[Wetterfahne]] eine Höhe von 89,4 Metern<ref>Höhe von St. Nikolai durch indirekte Höhenmessungen am 19. August 2009 durch J. Möhring bestimmt.</ref> und ist damit der siebthöchste Kirchturm in Hamburg nach den Türmen der fünf alten Hauptkirchen und der [[St. Gertrud (Hamburg-Uhlenhorst)|St.-Gertrud-Kirche]] auf der [[Hamburg-Uhlenhorst|Uhlenhorst]]. Die gesamte Länge beträgt etwa 40,5 Meter und die Breite etwa 35 Meter.<ref>Bestimmung der Gesamtlänge und -breite über Satellitenbild (August 2009); Abmessungen ohne Gemeindehaus.</ref>

Der Bau gilt als einer der bedeutendsten in der Nachkriegszeit erstellten Sakralbauten Hamburgs. Die Architekten wählten für das asymmetrisch geschwungene [[Kirchenschiff]] einen kelchförmigen Grundriss. Dieser soll die Gemeinde vor dem Altar zusammenschließen, ohne die räumliche Grenze zum Altarbereich zu verwischen. So wird der von einer hellen strukturieren Holzdecke überwölbte Kirchenraum mit seinen über 500 Sitzplätzen<ref>{{Literatur |Autor=[[Gertrud Schiller]] |Hrsg=Evangelisch-lutherische Kirche Hamburg |Titel=Hamburgs neue Kirchen 1951–1961 |Verlag=Hans Christians Verlag |Ort=Hamburg |Datum=1961 |Seiten=80}}</ref> auf den schlichten Altar und das Altarbild ausgerichtet.

Am 27. Januar 2006 wurde die Kirche mit ihrer Ausstattung in die Denkmalschutzliste Hamburgs eingetragen.

== Ausstattung ==
[[Datei:Nikolai neu fenster.jpg|mini|Fenster der Eingangshalle]]
Da die neue Hauptkirche St. Nikolai als Nachfolgerin der zerstörten Nikolaikirche verstanden wird, nimmt die Ausstattung an vielen Stellen Bezug auf das heutige Mahnmal.

Das Altarbild, ein Mosaik mit dem Namen ''Ecce Homines'' („Seht, die Menschen“), das 1974 nach einem Entwurf [[Oskar Kokoschka]]s von dem italienischen Künstler Sergio Cicognani geschaffen wurde, ist ein Pendant zu dem gleichartigen Mosaik in schwarz-weißer Ausführung im Chorraum der alten Nikolaikirche.<ref>[http://www.forum-kirchenpaedagogik.de/blog/?p=160#more-160 Altarbild ''Ecce Homines''], siehe auch: [http://www.mahnmal-st-nikolai.de/?page_id=16 Mahnmal St. Nikolai: Ecce Homo. Oskar Kokoschka] abgerufen am 7. Mai 2011</ref> Das Mosaik ist nicht in die Wand eingelassen, sondern hängt frei als Bild über dem Altarkreuz.

Dieses Kruzifix wurde wie auch drei Bronze-Reliefs an der Kanzel vom Bildhauer [[Fritz Fleer]] gestaltet. Ebenfalls von ihm ist die 1985 geschaffene ''Nikolaustür'' an der Westfassade, die drei Szenen der Nikolauslegende darstellt.

Der Eingang in die Kirche erfolgt durch das ''Baptisterium'', einer Taufkapelle mit einem Taufaltar, in dem das sogenannte ''Coester-Fenster'' verschiedene Szenen aus der [[Johannesoffenbarung]] zeigt. Das Fenster wurde 1939 von [[Elisabeth Coester]] noch für die alte St.-Nikolai-Kirche fertiggestellt, aber aufgrund des Krieges dort nicht mehr eingebaut. Das Baptisterium der neuen Kirche wurde von den Architekten speziell für dieses Fenster gestaltet. In diesem Raum stammen auch die Steine des Taufaltars, der [[Torso]] einer Christusfigur und eine Statue des [[Ansgar (Erzbischof)|Erzbischofs Ansgar]] aus der Ruine der alten Nikolaikirche.

== Orgeln ==
=== Hauptorgel ===
[[Datei:Nikolai neu orgel 2.jpg|mini|Peter-Orgel (1962–2018)]]
Auf der rechten Empore steht die Haupt[[orgel]]. Mit dem Bau einer neuen Kirche am Klosterstern wurde 1962 auch der Bau einer neuen großen Orgel in Auftrag gegeben. Die Planung übernahm [[Ernst Karl Rößler]] von der [[Hochschule für Musik Freiburg]]. Das Instrument wurde von dem Orgelbauer Orgelbaufirma [[Willi Peter]] (Köln) erbaut und 1966 fertig gestellt.

Auffallend ist der [[Prospekt (Orgel)|Orgelprospekt]]: Er greift das in Hamburg beliebte Motiv des Schiffsbugs bzw. von Schiffssegeln auf. Die äußere Gestaltung der Orgel geht auf eine Idee des Architekten [[Gerhard Langmaack]] zurück, der das Instrument wegen des hohen Gewichtes an einem Stahlgerüst an der Außenwand der Kirche befestigen ließ. Das Schleifladen-Instrument hatte 63 [[Register (Orgel)|Register]] auf vier Manualwerken und [[Pedal (Orgel)|Pedal]].<ref>{{Internetquelle |url=http://www.orgbase.nl/scripts/ogb.exe?database=ob2&%250=2000401&LGE=DE&LIJST=lang |titel=Hamburg, Deutschland (Hamburg) – Hauptkirche Sankt Nikolai (Sankt Nikolaikirche am Klosterstern) |werk=Orgeldatatbase NL |hrsg=Piet Bron |abruf=2023-04-03}}</ref> Die Spiel[[traktur]]en waren mechanisch und die Registertraktur elektrisch.

Das Instrument wurde in Gottesdiensten und Konzertveranstaltungen genutzt. Ab Ostern 2018 war die Orgel nicht mehr spielbereit.

<div style="clear:both;" class="NavFrame">
<div class="NavHead hintergrundfarbe5" style="text-align:left;">Disposition der Peter-Orgel von 1966</div>
<div class="NavContent" style="text-align:left">

{| border="0" cellspacing="16" cellpadding="12" style="border-collapse:collapse;"
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''I Rückpositiv''' C–g3
----
|-
| Musiziergedeckt || 8′
|-
| Spitzflöte || 8′
|-
| Praestant || 4′
|-
| Rohrflöte || 4′
|-
| Nasat || {{Bruch|2|2|3}}′
|-
| Octave || 2′
|-
| Nachthorn || 2′
|-
| Terz || {{Bruch|1|3|5}}′
|-
| Rohrgemsquinte || {{Bruch|1|1|3}}′
|-
| Octave || 1′
|-
| Cimbel V || {{Bruch|2|3}}′
|-
| Rohrkrummhorn || 16′
|-
| Vox Virginia || 8′
|-
| ''Tremulant''
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''II Hauptwerk''' C–g3
----
|-
| Rohrpommer || 16′
|-
| Principal|| 8′
|-
| Gemshorn || 8′
|-
| Trichtergedeckt || 8′
|-
| Octave || 4′
|-
| Rohrflöte || 4′
|-
| Schwiegel || {{Bruch|2|2|3}}′
|-
| Octave || 2′
|-
| Blockpfeife || 2′
|-
| Großmixtur VIII–IX || {{Bruch|2|2|3}}′
|-
| Scharff V || 1′
|-
| Trompete || 16′
|-
| Trompete || 8′
|-
| ''Cimbelstern''
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''III Schwellwerk''' C–g3
----
|-
| Gemshorn || 16′
|-
| Bleioctave || 8′
|-
| Rohrgedeckt || 8′
|-
| Spitzgambe || 8′
|-
| Principal || 4′
|-
| Octava Nazarda || 4′
|-
| Spitzflöte || 4′
|-
| Octave || 2′
|-
| Doppelrohrflöte || 2′
|-
| Sesquialtera III || {{Bruch|2|2|3}}′
|-
| Span. Hintersatz III–IV || 4′
|-
| Mixtur VI || {{Bruch|1|1|3}}′
|-
| Fagott || 16′
|-
| Kopftrompete || 8′
|-
| Clarine || 4′
|-
| ''Tremulant''
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''IV Kronwerk''' C–g3
----
|-
| Gedecktflöte || 8′
|-
| Koppelflöte || 4′
|-
| Gemshorn || 2′
|-
| Terzglockenton IV || {{Bruch|1|1|3}}′
|-
| Cimbel II || {{Bruch|1|4}}′
|-
| Gemshornregal || 8′
|-
| Helle Trompete || 4′
|-
| ''Tremulant''
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''Pedal''' C–f1
----
|-
| Prinzipal || 16′
|-
| Subbass || 16′
|-
| Quintbass || {{Bruch|10|2|3}}′
|-
| Octavbass || 8′
|-
| Rohrtraverse || 8′
|-
| Octave || 4′
|-
| Schweizerflöte || 4′
|-
| Dulcian || 2′
|-
| Rauschwerk IV || {{Bruch|5|1|3}}′
|-
| Großterzian II || {{Bruch|3|1|5}}′+2′
|-
| Mixtur V–VI || 2′
|-
| Posaune || 16′
|-
| Dulcian || 16′
|-
| Trompete || 8′
|-
| Helle Trompete || 4′
|}
|}
* ''[[Koppel (Orgel)|Koppeln]]:'' I/II, III/II, IV/II, IV/III, I/P, II/P, III/P, IV/P
</div></div>
In den Jahren 2019–2023 wurde die denkmalgeschützte Peter-Orgel durch [[Johannes Klais Orgelbau]] saniert und weiterentwickelt. Das Instrument wurde auf 101 Register erweitert und um [[Schlagwerk (Musik)|Schlagwerkregister]] ergänzt (darunter [[Röhrenglocken]], [[Celesta]], [[Snare-Drum]] und [[Tamtam]]). Fünf Register sind als Antiphonal in einem separaten Gehäuse über dem Haupteingang untergebracht. Insgesamt hat die Orgel nun 7279 [[Orgelpfeife|Pfeifen]] (1966: 5201 Pfeifen), von denen 282 aus Holz und der Rest aus einer Zinn-Legierung gefertigt sind. Sie wurde mit einer [[Kombination (Orgel)|Setzeranlage]] ausgestattet und erhielt einen [[MIDI]]-Anschluss. Ein zweiter, fahrbarer [[Spieltisch (Orgel)|Spieltisch]] im Kirchenraum bietet fünf [[Manual (Musik)|Manuale]].

Der größte Teil der Kosten von mehr als 3 Millionen Euro konnte durch Spenden finanziert werden sollten.<ref>[https://orgel-stnikolai.de/ ''Die neue Orgel für St. Nikolai ''], abgerufen am 3. April 2023.</ref> Am Ostersonntag, 9. April 2023, wurde die erneuerte Orgel eingeweiht.<ref>[https://orgelbau-klais.com/m.php?tx=272 Disposition auf der Website von Orgelbau Klais], abgerufen am 11. Mai 2023.</ref>

{| border="0" cellspacing="16" cellpadding="12" style="border-collapse:collapse;"
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''I Rückpositiv''' C–g3
----
|-
| Musiziergedeckt || {{0}}8′
|-
| Spitzflöte || {{0}}8′
|-
| Praestant || {{0}}4′|| n
|-
| Sextade || {{0}}4′|| n
|-
| Nasat || {{0}}{{Bruch|2|2|3}}′
|-
| Octave || {{0}}2′
|-
| Nachthorn || {{0}}2′
|-
| Terz || {{0}}{{Bruch|1|3|5}}′
|-
| Rohrgemsquinte || {{0}}{{Bruch|1|1|3}}′
|-
| Octave || {{0}}1′
|-
| Cimbel V || {{0}}{{Bruch|2|3}}′
|-
| Rohrkrummhorn || 16′
|-
| Vox virginia || {{0}}8′
|-
| ''Tremulant''
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''II Hauptwerk''' C–g3
----
|-
| Principal|| 16′|| n
|-
| Rohrpommer || 16′
|-
| Principal|| {{0}}8′
|-
| Hornprincipal|| {{0}}8′|| n
|-
| Harmonieflöte || {{0}}8′|| n
|-
| Gemshorn || {{0}}8′
|-
| Trichtergedeckt || {{0}}8′
|-
| Weitoctave || {{0}}4′|| n
|-
| Octave|| {{0}}4′
|-
| Rohrflöte || {{0}}4′
|-
| Schwiegel || {{0}}{{Bruch|2|2|3}}′
|-
| Octave || {{0}}2′
|-
| Blockpfeife || {{0}}2′
|-
| Cornett V || {{0}}8′|| n
|-
| Großmixtur VIII–IX || {{Bruch|1|1|3}}′
|-
| Scharff V || {{0}}1′
|-
| Trompete || 16′|| tn
|-
| Trompete || {{0}}8′
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''III Schwellwerk''' C–g3
----
|-
| Gemshorn || 16′
|-
| Bordun || 16′|| n
|-
| Bleioctave || {{0}}8′
|-
| Rohrgedeckt || {{0}}8′
|-
| Spitzgambe || {{0}}8′
|-
| Schwebung || {{0}}8′|| n
|-
| Principal || {{0}}4′
|-
| Octava Nazarda || {{0}}4′
|-
| Spitzflöte || {{0}}4′
|-
| Octave || {{0}}2′
|-
| Doppelrohrflöte || {{0}}2′
|-
| Sesquialtera III || {{0}}{{Bruch|2|2|3}}′
|-
| Span. Hintersatz III–IV || {{0}}4′
|-
| Mixtur VI || {{0}}{{Bruch|1|1|3}}′
|-
| Un-Tredezime II || {{0}}{{Bruch|8|11}}′|| tn
|-
| Fagott || 16′|| tn
|-
| Kopftrompete || {{0}}8′
|-
| Horn || {{0}}8′ || n
|-
| Clarine || {{0}}4′
|-
| ''Tremulant''
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''IV Kronwerk''' C–g3
----
|-
| Gedecktflöte || 8′|| n
|-
| Koppelflöte || 4′
|-
| Gemshorn || 2′
|-
| Terzglockenton IV || {{Bruch|1|1|3}}′ || tn
|-
| Cimbel II || {{Bruch|1|4}}′
|-
| Gemshornregal || 8′
|-
| Helle Trompete || 4′
|-
| ''Tremulant''
|-
| ''Zimbelstern''
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''V Zungenwerk''' C–g3
----
|-
|Klarinette ||8′|| n
|-
|Saxophon ||8′|| n
|-
| ''Celesta''|| || n
|}
|}
{| border="0" cellspacing="16" cellpadding="12" style="border-collapse:collapse;"
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''Chorwerk I''' C–a3
----
|-
|Geigenprincipal ||8′|| n
|-
|Concertflöte ||8′|| n
|-
|Dolce ||8′|| n
|-
|Aeoline ||8′|| n
|-
|Vox coelestis ||8′|| n
|-
|Flauto amabile ||4′|| n
|-
|Violine ||4′|| n
|-
|Trompete ||8′|| n
|-
|Vox humana ||8′|| n
|-
|''Tremulant''|| || n
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''Aliquotwerk''' C–a3
----
|-
| Octav Reihe || 8′|| n
|-
| kl. Sekunde Reihe || {{Bruch|7|9|17}}′|| n
|-
| gr. Sekunde Reihe || {{Bruch|7|1|9}}′|| n
|-
| kl. Terz Reihe || {{Bruch|6|14|19}}′|| n
|-
| gr. Terz Reihe || {{Bruch|6|2|5}}′|| n
|-
| Quarte Reihe || 6′|| n
|-
| Quinte Reihe || {{Bruch|5|1|3}}′|| n
|-
| Sexte Reihe || {{Bruch|4|4|5}}′|| n
|-
| kl. Septime Reihe || {{Bruch|4|4|7}}′|| n
|-
| gr. Septime Reihe || {{Bruch|4|4|15}}′|| n
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''Antiphonal''' C–a3
----
|-
| Principal || 8′|| n
|-
| Dolce || 8′|| n
|-
| Bordun || 8′|| n
|-
| Traversflöte || 4′|| n
|-
| Tuba || 8′|| n
|-
| ''Tremulant''|| || n
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''Pedal''' C–f1
----
|-
| Untersatz || 32′|| n
|-
| Flöte || 16′|| n
|-
| Prinzipal || 16′
|-
| Subbass || 16′
|-
| Quintbass || {{Bruch|10|2|3}}′
|-
| Octavbass || {{0}}8′|| n
|-
| Rohrtraverse || {{0}}8′
|-
| Octave || {{0}}4′|| n
|-
| Schweizerflöte || {{0}}4′
|-
| Dulcian || {{0}}2′
|-
| Rauschwerk IV || {{0}}{{Bruch|5|1|3}}′
|-
| Großterzian II || {{0}}{{Bruch|3|1|5}}′
|-
| Mixtur V–VI || {{0}}2′
|-
| Posaune || 16′
|-
| Dulcian || 16′
|-
| Trompete || {{0}}8′
|-
| Helle Trompete || {{0}}4′
|-
| ''Röhrenglocken''|| ''16’''
|-
| ''Celesta''
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''Schlagwerke'''
----
|-
| ''Gong I''|| n
|-
| ''Gong II''|| n
|-
| ''Tam-Tam''|| n
|-
| ''Snare Einzelschlag''|| n
|-
| ''Snare Wirbel''|| n
|-
| ''Große Trommel Einzelschlag''|| n
|-
| ''Große Trommel Wirbel''|| n
|}
|}

* ''[[Koppel (Orgel)|Koppeln]]:'' I/II, I/V, II/V, III/I, III/II, III/V, IV/I, IV/II, IV/III, IV/V, V/I, V/II, V/IV, CW/I, CW/II, CW/III, CW/IV, CW/V, CW/super, CW/CW sub, CW Äqual ab, ANT/I, ANT/II, ANT/III, ANT/IV, I/P, II/P, III/P, IV/P, V/P, CW/P, ANT/P
'''Anmerkung:''' Mit ''n'' bezeichnete Register wurden von Klais gebaut, mit ''tn'' bezeichnete Register sind teilweise neu.

=== Taufkapelle ===
Die Orgel der Taufkapelle wurde 2019 von der Orgelbaufirma Klais (Bonn) erbaut. Das rein mechanische Instrument hat 11 Register auf zwei Manualwerken und Pedal. Der Prospekt wurde in Anlehnung an die Formensprache der Hauptorgel gestaltet und greift das Segelmotiv wieder auf.<ref>Informationen zur [https://klais.de/m.php?sid=487 Orgel] der Taufkapelle auf der Website der Erbauerfirma</ref>

{| border="0" cellspacing="16" cellpadding="12" style="border-collapse:collapse;"
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''I Rückpositiv''' C–f3
----
|-
| {{0}}1.|| Copula ||{{0}}8′
|-
| {{0}}2.|| Flauten ||{{0}}4′
|-
| || ''Quinte (vorab Nr. 3)'' ||''{{Bruch|2|2|3}}′''
|-
| {{0}}3.|| Sesquialter II ||{{0}}{{Bruch|2|2|3}}′
|-
| || ''Tremulant''
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''II Hauptwerk''' C–f3
----
|-
| {{0}}4.|| Principal ||{{0}}8′
|-
| {{0}}5.|| Gamba ||{{0}}8′
|-
| {{0}}6.|| Bordun ||{{0}}8′
|-
| {{0}}7.|| Octav ||{{0}}4′
|-
| {{0}}8.|| Quinte ||{{Bruch|1|1|3}}′
|-
| {{0}}9.|| Mixtur III ||{{0}}2′
|}
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{|
|colspan="16"| '''Pedal''' C–f1
----
|-
| 10.|| Subbass ||16′
|-
| 11.|| Gedacktbass ||{{0}}8′
|}
|}
* ''[[Koppel (Orgel)|Koppeln]]:'' I/II, I/P, II/P

== Glocken ==
Das fünfstimmige, [[pentatonisch]] aufgebaute Geläut<ref>Name, Masse und Schlagton lt. Tafel im Kircheneingang. 20. Januar 2012.</ref> wurde im Jahre 1962 von [[Friedrich Wilhelm Schilling]] in [[Heidelberg]] gegossen. Benutzt wurde dabei das Material der [[Glocke]]n aus der [[Ehemalige Hauptkirche St. Nikolai (Hamburg)|alten Nikolaikirche]].<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PlUs7y2fQQ Videoaufnahme der Glocken] bei YouTube.de</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center
! Glocke
! Name
! Durchmesser
! Masse
! [[Schlagton]]
|-
| 1 || align=left | Friedensglocke || {{0}}2.170 mm || 7.354 kg || '''g'''0
|-
| 2 || align=left | Apostelglocke || ≈1.900 mm || 4.751 kg || '''a'''0
|-
| 3 || Vaterstadtglocke || ≈1.590 mm || 2.639 kg || '''c'''1
|-
| 4 || align=left | Nikolausglocke || ≈1.400 mm || 1.945 kg || '''d'''1
|-
| 5 || align=left | Ewigkeitsglocke || ≈1.320 mm || 1.590 kg || '''e'''1
|}

== Fotografien ==
<gallery heights=150>
Hamburg.harvestehude.hauptkirche.st.nikolai.nord.wmt.jpg|Ansicht von Norden mit Fensterrosette
Nikolai neu turm und schiff.jpg|Turm und Wand des Kirchenschiffs
Nikolai neu torso.jpg|Christustorso aus der alten Nikolaikirche
Nikolai neu nikolaustuer.jpg|Nikolaustür
Nikolai neu fenster detail.jpg|Detail am Hauptfenster
</gallery>

== Siehe auch ==
* [[Liste der Hamburger Hauptpastoren#Hauptpastoren an St. Nikolai|Hauptpastoren an St. Nikolai]]
* [[Hamburger Knabenchor St. Nikolai]]
* [[Nikolaikirche|Liste von Kirchen]], die nach dem [[Nikolaus von Myra|Hl. Nikolaus]] benannt sind

== Literatur ==
* {{Literatur
|Autor=[[Ralf Lange]]
|Titel=Architektur in Hamburg
|Verlag=[[Junius Verlag]]
|Ort=Hamburg
|Datum=2008
|ISBN=978-3-88506-586-9
|Seiten=123 f.}}
* {{Literatur
|Autor=[[Matthias Gretzschel]]
|Titel=Kirchen in Hamburg: Geschichte, Architektur, Angebote
|Verlag=[[Axel Springer Verlag]]
|Ort=Hamburg
|Datum=2000
|ISBN=3-921305-92-6
|Seiten=36 f.}}
* {{Literatur
|Autor=[[Friedhelm Grundmann]], Thomas Helms
|Titel=Wenn Steine predigen
|Verlag=Medien Verlag Schubert
|Ort=Hamburg
|Datum=1993
|ISBN=3-929229-14-5
|Seiten=144 f.}}
* {{Literatur
|Autor=G. Fedrowitz, R. Müsing
|Titel=10 Jahre Klostersterngemeinde
|Verlag=Eigenverlag Hauptkirche St. Nikolai
|Ort=Hamburg
|Datum=1966}}

== Weblinks ==
{{Commonscat|St. Nikolai (Hamburg-Harvestehude)}}
* [https://www.hauptkirche-stnikolai.de/kirche/kirche-am-klosterstern/kirche-und-ausstattung/ St. Nikolai am Klosterstern - Kirche und Ausstattung] auf der Homepage der Gemeinde
* [http://www.kantorei-stnikolai.de/ Homepage der Kantorei St. Nikolai]

== Einzelnachweise ==
<references />

{{Navigationsleiste Hamburger Hauptkirchen}}
{{Normdaten|TYP=k|GND=365236-1|LCCN=n97069823|VIAF=168679605}}

{{SORTIERUNG:Hamburg, Nikolaikirche, neue}}
[[Kategorie:Kirchengebäude des Kirchenkreises Hamburg-Ost]]
[[Kategorie:Nikolaikirche|Hamburg]]
[[Kategorie:Kulturdenkmal in Hamburg-Harvestehude]]
[[Kategorie:Erbaut in den 1960er Jahren]]
[[Kategorie:Bauwerk der Moderne in Hamburg]]
[[Kategorie:Kirchengebäude in Hamburg|Nikolai]]
[[Kategorie:Kirchengebäude der Moderne]]
[[Kategorie:Disposition einer Orgel|Hamburg]]
[[Kategorie:Geläut]]
[[Kategorie:Bauwerk von Gerhard Langmaack|Nikolai Hamburg]]
[[Kategorie:Kirchengebäude in Europa]]
[[Kategorie:Bauwerk im Bezirk Eimsbüttel]]

Benutzer:CommanderInDubio/Cathie Clarke

2023-03-23T15:33:56Z

131.111.5.183:

{{short description|Astrophysicist}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Cathie Clarke
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| image = 
| image_size =
| image_upright =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name = Catherine Jane Clarke
| birth_date = 
| birth_place =
| death_date = 
| death_place =
| death_cause =
| resting_place =
| resting_place_coordinates = 
| home_town =
| other_names =
| pronounce =
| residence =
| citizenship =
| nationality =
| fields = [[Star formation]] [[Exoplanet]]s
| workplaces = [[University of Cambridge]]
| patrons =
| education =
| alma_mater = [[University of Oxford]] (DPhil)
| thesis_title = Accretion disc structure in binary star and galactic potentials
| thesis_url = https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376904
| thesis_year = 1987
| doctoral_advisor = Geoffrey Bath<ref name=cdphil/>
| academic_advisors =
| doctoral_students = [[James E. Owen]]
| notable_students =
| known_for =
| influences =
| influenced =
| awards = [[Eddington Medal]] (2017)<ref name="Glynn 2018"/>
| spouse = 
| partner = 
| children =
| signature = 
| signature_alt =
| website = {{URL|https://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/people/cathie.j.clarke}}
}}'''Catherine Jane Clarke''' is a Professor of Theoretical [[Astrophysics]] at the [[University of Cambridge]] and a [[fellow]] of [[Clare College, Cambridge]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.clare.cam.ac.uk/Fellows-of-Clare-College/|title=Fellows of Clare College, Cambridge|author=Anon|website=www.clare.cam.ac.uk|language=en|access-date=2018-10-19}}</ref> In 2017 she became the first woman to be awarded the [[Eddington Medal]] by the [[Royal Astronomical Society]]. In 2022 she became the first female director of the [[Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge]].

==Education==
Clarke matriculated in 1980 to study the Natural Sciences tripos at [[Clare College, Cambridge]] where she completed her undergraduate education in 1983. She was subsequently educated at the [[University of Oxford]] where she received a [[Doctor of Philosophy]] degree in 1987 for research on [[binary star]]s supervised by Geoffrey Bath.<ref name=cdphil>{{cite thesis|degree=DPhil|publisher=University of Oxford|url=https://copac.jisc.ac.uk/id/18538605?style=html|title=Accretion disc structure in binary star and galactic potentials|first= Catherine Jane|last=Clarke|date=1987|id={{EThOS|uk.bl.ethos.376904}}|website=copac.jisc.ac.uk|oclc=499843339}}</ref> Her [[doctoral thesis]] was titled "Accretion disc structure in binary star and galactic potentials".<ref name="cdphil" />

== Research ==
Clarke studies astrophysical [[fluid dynamics]], including accretion and protoplanetary discs and stellar winds. She was the first to demonstrate how protoplanetary disc formation around low-mass young stars is determined by their radiation field.<ref name="Glynn 2018">{{Cite web|url=https://www.staff.admin.cam.ac.uk/awards/2017-eddington-medal-in-astronomy|title=2017 Eddington Medal in Astronomy|first=Thomas|last=Glynn|date=2017|website=www.staff.admin.cam.ac.uk|language=en|access-date=2018-10-19}}</ref> This removes material from the disc and is integral for various models of planet formation and migration.<ref name="Glynn 2018" /> Clarke uses hydrodynamical simulations to study the physics of photoevaporation.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Labyrinth of Star Formation|last1=Stamatellos|first1=Dimitris|last2=Goodwin|first2=Simon|last3=Ward-Thompson|first3=Derek|date=2014|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=9783319030418|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-3-319-03041-8|url=http://cds.cern.ch/record/1702298}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/111416_en.html|title=Hydrodynamical simulations of protoplanetary discs in the era of ALMA imaging {{!}} Projects {{!}} FP7-IDEAS-ERC {{!}} CORDIS {{!}} European Commission|work=CORDIS {{!}} European Commission|access-date=2018-10-19}}</ref>

In 2001 she was awarded the [[University of Cambridge]] Pilkington Prize for teaching and learning.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cctl.cam.ac.uk/pilkington-prize/prize-winners|title=All Prize Winners|last=Starkey|first=Isabel|date=2016-03-02|website=www.cctl.cam.ac.uk|language=en|access-date=2018-10-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190411220027/https://www.cctl.cam.ac.uk/pilkington-prize/prize-winners|archive-date=2019-04-11|url-status=dead}}</ref> She co-authored the ''Principles of Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics'' textbook with Bob Carswell in 2014.<ref name="Clarke 2014">{{Cite book|title=Principles of Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics|last=Clarke|first=Cathie|date=2014|oclc=892455461|doi=10.1017/CBO9780511813450|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|isbn=9781107666917|location=Cambridge|language=en}}</ref> It is a primer for the fluid dynamics required to understand astronomical phenomena.<ref name="Clarke 2014" /> She developed the course in 1996, and delivered it as part of Part II Astrophysics between 1996 and 1999.<ref name="Clarke 2014"/> She contributed to the book ''Dynamics of Young Star Clusters and Associations'' in 2015. <ref>{{Cite book|title=Dynamics of young star clusters and associations : Saas-Fee advanced course 42|last=J.|first=Clarke, Cathie|others=Mathieu, Robert D.,, Reid, I. Neill,, Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Astrophysik und Astronomie|isbn=9783662472903|location=Heidelberg|oclc=921176157|date = 2015-09-11}}</ref>

Her recent work has combined analytical observation and hydrodynamical simulations in exoplanet discovery.<ref name="Glynn 2018" /> She demonstrated the first evidence of external disc photoevaporation in a low-mass star in 2017. The star studied was IM Lupi, which was shown to have a CO (carbon monoxide) halo that extends beyond 1,000 AU. <ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Haworth|first1=Thomas J.|last2=Facchini|first2=Stefano|last3=Clarke|first3=Cathie J.|last4=Cleeves|first4=L. Ilsedore|date=2017|title=First evidence of external disc photoevaporation in a low mass star forming region: the case of IM Lup|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters|language=en|volume=468|issue=1|pages=L108–L112|doi=10.1093/mnrasl/slx037|issn=1745-3925|arxiv=1703.03409|bibcode=2017MNRAS.468L.108H|s2cid=56215417}}</ref>

Clarke identified a young star with four planets, the size of Jupiter and Saturn, in orbit around it.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/giant-planets-around-young-star-raise-questions-about-how-planets-form|title=Giant planets around young star raise questions about how planets form|date=2018-10-15|work=University of Cambridge|access-date=2018-10-19|language=en}}</ref> The star, [[CI Tauri]], hosts the first [[hot Jupiter]] candidate in a protoplanetary disc system.<ref name="Clarke 2018">{{Cite journal|last1=Clarke|first1=C. J.|last2=Tazzari|first2=M.|last3=Juhasz|first3=A.|last4=Rosotti|first4=G.|last5=Booth|first5=R.|last6=Facchini|first6=S.|last7=Ilee|first7=J. D.|last8=Johns-Krull|first8=C. M.|last9=M. Kama|date=2018|title=High-resolution Millimeter Imaging of the CI Tau Protoplanetary Disk: A Massive Ensemble of Protoplanets from 0.1 to 100 au|journal=The Astrophysical Journal Letters|language=en|volume=866|issue=1|pages=L6|doi=10.3847/2041-8213/aae36b|issn=2041-8205|arxiv=1809.08147|bibcode=2018ApJ...866L...6C|s2cid=119042020}}</ref> She used the [[Atacama Large Millimeter Array]] to search for nearby planets. The closest is in an equivalent orbit to Mercury, whilst the furthest has an orbit three times that of Neptune.<ref name="Clarke 2018" /> The two outer planets are similar masses to the sun.<ref name="Clarke 2018" /> She demonstrated that proximity to nearby stars impacts the lifetime of protoplanetary discs.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.physik.uni-heidelberg.de/aktuelles/veranstaltungen/?lang=en|title=Talks, Colloquia|website=www.physik.uni-heidelberg.de|language=EN|access-date=2018-10-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Haworth|first1=Thomas J|last2=Facchini|first2=Stefano|last3=Clarke|first3=Cathie J|last4=Mohanty|first4=Subhanjoy|date=2018|title=Where can a Trappist-1 planetary system be produced?|bibcode=2018MNRAS.475.5460H|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society|language=en|volume=475|issue=4|pages=5460–5473|doi=10.1093/mnras/sty168|issn=0035-8711|arxiv=1801.05822|s2cid=119460112}}</ref> She serves as editor of the [[Elsevier]] Journal, ''New Astronomy Reviews''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.journals.elsevier.com/new-astronomy-reviews/editorial-board/cathie-clarke|title=Cathie Clarke|website=www.journals.elsevier.com|access-date=2018-10-19}}</ref> She is a member of the [[International Astronomical Union]].

Clarke's other research interests include [[Self-gravitation|self-gravity]] in disc evolution and formation of [[Brown dwarf|brown dwarfs]] in unstable multiple systems.<ref name="Glynn 2018" />

==Honours==
In 2017, Clarke was awarded the [[Eddington Medal]] by the [[Royal Astronomical Society]]; she is the first woman to win this medal.<ref name="Glynn 2018"/>

==Selected works==

* {{cite book |last1=Clarke |first1=Cathie |last2=Carswell |first2=Bob |title=Principles of astrophysical fluid dynamics |date=2007 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge |isbn=978-0521853316}}
* {{cite book |last1=Clarke |first1=Cathie J. |last2=Mathieu |first2=Robert D. |last3=Reid |first3=I. Neill |author-link2=Robert D. Mathieu |title=Dynamics of young star clusters and associations: Saas-Fee advanced course 42 |date=2015 |publisher=Springer |location=Berlin |isbn=978-3662472897}}

== References==
{{reflist}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Clarke, Cathie}}
[[Category:British astrophysicists]]
[[Category:British women scientists]]
[[Category:Fellows of Clare College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

Benutzer:CommanderInDubio/Cathie Clarke

2023-03-23T15:33:28Z

131.111.5.183:

{{short description|Astrophysicist}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Cathie Clarke
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| image = 
| image_size =
| image_upright =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name = Catherine Jane Clarke
| birth_date = 
| birth_place =
| death_date = 
| death_place =
| death_cause =
| resting_place =
| resting_place_coordinates = 
| home_town =
| other_names =
| pronounce =
| residence =
| citizenship =
| nationality =
| fields = [[Star formation]] [[Exoplanet]]s
| workplaces = [[University of Cambridge]]
| patrons =
| education =
| alma_mater = [[University of Oxford]] (DPhil)
| thesis_title = Accretion disc structure in binary star and galactic potentials
| thesis_url = https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376904
| thesis_year = 1987
| doctoral_advisor = Geoffrey Bath<ref name=cdphil/>
| academic_advisors =
| doctoral_students = [[James E. Owen]]
| notable_students =
| known_for =
| influences =
| influenced =
| awards = [[Eddington Medal]] (2017)<ref name="Glynn 2018"/>
| spouse = 
| partner = 
| children =
| signature = 
| signature_alt =
| website = {{URL|https://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/people/cathie.j.clarke}}
}}'''Catherine Jane Clarke''' is a Professor of Theoretical Astrophysics[[Astrophysics]] at the [[University of Cambridge]] and a [[fellow]] of [[Clare College, Cambridge]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.clare.cam.ac.uk/Fellows-of-Clare-College/|title=Fellows of Clare College, Cambridge|author=Anon|website=www.clare.cam.ac.uk|language=en|access-date=2018-10-19}}</ref> In 2017 she became the first woman to be awarded the [[Eddington Medal]] by the [[Royal Astronomical Society]]. In 2022 she became the first female director of the [[Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge]].

==Education==
Clarke matriculated in 1980 to study the Natural Sciences tripos at [[Clare College, Cambridge]] where she completed her undergraduate education in 1983. She was subsequently educated at the [[University of Oxford]] where she received a [[Doctor of Philosophy]] degree in 1987 for research on [[binary star]]s supervised by Geoffrey Bath.<ref name=cdphil>{{cite thesis|degree=DPhil|publisher=University of Oxford|url=https://copac.jisc.ac.uk/id/18538605?style=html|title=Accretion disc structure in binary star and galactic potentials|first= Catherine Jane|last=Clarke|date=1987|id={{EThOS|uk.bl.ethos.376904}}|website=copac.jisc.ac.uk|oclc=499843339}}</ref> Her [[doctoral thesis]] was titled "Accretion disc structure in binary star and galactic potentials".<ref name="cdphil" />

== Research ==
Clarke studies astrophysical [[fluid dynamics]], including accretion and protoplanetary discs and stellar winds. She was the first to demonstrate how protoplanetary disc formation around low-mass young stars is determined by their radiation field.<ref name="Glynn 2018">{{Cite web|url=https://www.staff.admin.cam.ac.uk/awards/2017-eddington-medal-in-astronomy|title=2017 Eddington Medal in Astronomy|first=Thomas|last=Glynn|date=2017|website=www.staff.admin.cam.ac.uk|language=en|access-date=2018-10-19}}</ref> This removes material from the disc and is integral for various models of planet formation and migration.<ref name="Glynn 2018" /> Clarke uses hydrodynamical simulations to study the physics of photoevaporation.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Labyrinth of Star Formation|last1=Stamatellos|first1=Dimitris|last2=Goodwin|first2=Simon|last3=Ward-Thompson|first3=Derek|date=2014|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=9783319030418|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-3-319-03041-8|url=http://cds.cern.ch/record/1702298}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/111416_en.html|title=Hydrodynamical simulations of protoplanetary discs in the era of ALMA imaging {{!}} Projects {{!}} FP7-IDEAS-ERC {{!}} CORDIS {{!}} European Commission|work=CORDIS {{!}} European Commission|access-date=2018-10-19}}</ref>

In 2001 she was awarded the [[University of Cambridge]] Pilkington Prize for teaching and learning.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cctl.cam.ac.uk/pilkington-prize/prize-winners|title=All Prize Winners|last=Starkey|first=Isabel|date=2016-03-02|website=www.cctl.cam.ac.uk|language=en|access-date=2018-10-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190411220027/https://www.cctl.cam.ac.uk/pilkington-prize/prize-winners|archive-date=2019-04-11|url-status=dead}}</ref> She co-authored the ''Principles of Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics'' textbook with Bob Carswell in 2014.<ref name="Clarke 2014">{{Cite book|title=Principles of Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics|last=Clarke|first=Cathie|date=2014|oclc=892455461|doi=10.1017/CBO9780511813450|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|isbn=9781107666917|location=Cambridge|language=en}}</ref> It is a primer for the fluid dynamics required to understand astronomical phenomena.<ref name="Clarke 2014" /> She developed the course in 1996, and delivered it as part of Part II Astrophysics between 1996 and 1999.<ref name="Clarke 2014"/> She contributed to the book ''Dynamics of Young Star Clusters and Associations'' in 2015. <ref>{{Cite book|title=Dynamics of young star clusters and associations : Saas-Fee advanced course 42|last=J.|first=Clarke, Cathie|others=Mathieu, Robert D.,, Reid, I. Neill,, Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Astrophysik und Astronomie|isbn=9783662472903|location=Heidelberg|oclc=921176157|date = 2015-09-11}}</ref>

Her recent work has combined analytical observation and hydrodynamical simulations in exoplanet discovery.<ref name="Glynn 2018" /> She demonstrated the first evidence of external disc photoevaporation in a low-mass star in 2017. The star studied was IM Lupi, which was shown to have a CO (carbon monoxide) halo that extends beyond 1,000 AU. <ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Haworth|first1=Thomas J.|last2=Facchini|first2=Stefano|last3=Clarke|first3=Cathie J.|last4=Cleeves|first4=L. Ilsedore|date=2017|title=First evidence of external disc photoevaporation in a low mass star forming region: the case of IM Lup|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters|language=en|volume=468|issue=1|pages=L108–L112|doi=10.1093/mnrasl/slx037|issn=1745-3925|arxiv=1703.03409|bibcode=2017MNRAS.468L.108H|s2cid=56215417}}</ref>

Clarke identified a young star with four planets, the size of Jupiter and Saturn, in orbit around it.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/giant-planets-around-young-star-raise-questions-about-how-planets-form|title=Giant planets around young star raise questions about how planets form|date=2018-10-15|work=University of Cambridge|access-date=2018-10-19|language=en}}</ref> The star, [[CI Tauri]], hosts the first [[hot Jupiter]] candidate in a protoplanetary disc system.<ref name="Clarke 2018">{{Cite journal|last1=Clarke|first1=C. J.|last2=Tazzari|first2=M.|last3=Juhasz|first3=A.|last4=Rosotti|first4=G.|last5=Booth|first5=R.|last6=Facchini|first6=S.|last7=Ilee|first7=J. D.|last8=Johns-Krull|first8=C. M.|last9=M. Kama|date=2018|title=High-resolution Millimeter Imaging of the CI Tau Protoplanetary Disk: A Massive Ensemble of Protoplanets from 0.1 to 100 au|journal=The Astrophysical Journal Letters|language=en|volume=866|issue=1|pages=L6|doi=10.3847/2041-8213/aae36b|issn=2041-8205|arxiv=1809.08147|bibcode=2018ApJ...866L...6C|s2cid=119042020}}</ref> She used the [[Atacama Large Millimeter Array]] to search for nearby planets. The closest is in an equivalent orbit to Mercury, whilst the furthest has an orbit three times that of Neptune.<ref name="Clarke 2018" /> The two outer planets are similar masses to the sun.<ref name="Clarke 2018" /> She demonstrated that proximity to nearby stars impacts the lifetime of protoplanetary discs.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.physik.uni-heidelberg.de/aktuelles/veranstaltungen/?lang=en|title=Talks, Colloquia|website=www.physik.uni-heidelberg.de|language=EN|access-date=2018-10-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Haworth|first1=Thomas J|last2=Facchini|first2=Stefano|last3=Clarke|first3=Cathie J|last4=Mohanty|first4=Subhanjoy|date=2018|title=Where can a Trappist-1 planetary system be produced?|bibcode=2018MNRAS.475.5460H|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society|language=en|volume=475|issue=4|pages=5460–5473|doi=10.1093/mnras/sty168|issn=0035-8711|arxiv=1801.05822|s2cid=119460112}}</ref> She serves as editor of the [[Elsevier]] Journal, ''New Astronomy Reviews''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.journals.elsevier.com/new-astronomy-reviews/editorial-board/cathie-clarke|title=Cathie Clarke|website=www.journals.elsevier.com|access-date=2018-10-19}}</ref> She is a member of the [[International Astronomical Union]].

Clarke's other research interests include [[Self-gravitation|self-gravity]] in disc evolution and formation of [[Brown dwarf|brown dwarfs]] in unstable multiple systems.<ref name="Glynn 2018" />

==Honours==
In 2017, Clarke was awarded the [[Eddington Medal]] by the [[Royal Astronomical Society]]; she is the first woman to win this medal.<ref name="Glynn 2018"/>

==Selected works==

* {{cite book |last1=Clarke |first1=Cathie |last2=Carswell |first2=Bob |title=Principles of astrophysical fluid dynamics |date=2007 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge |isbn=978-0521853316}}
* {{cite book |last1=Clarke |first1=Cathie J. |last2=Mathieu |first2=Robert D. |last3=Reid |first3=I. Neill |author-link2=Robert D. Mathieu |title=Dynamics of young star clusters and associations: Saas-Fee advanced course 42 |date=2015 |publisher=Springer |location=Berlin |isbn=978-3662472897}}

== References==
{{reflist}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Clarke, Cathie}}
[[Category:British astrophysicists]]
[[Category:British women scientists]]
[[Category:Fellows of Clare College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

Benutzer:CommanderInDubio/Cathie Clarke

2023-03-23T15:32:46Z

131.111.5.183:

{{short description|Astrophysicist}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Cathie Clarke
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| image = 
| image_size =
| image_upright =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name = Catherine Jane Clarke
| birth_date = 
| birth_place =
| death_date = 
| death_place =
| death_cause =
| resting_place =
| resting_place_coordinates = 
| home_town =
| other_names =
| pronounce =
| residence =
| citizenship =
| nationality =
| fields = [[Star formation]] [[Exoplanet]]s
| workplaces = [[University of Cambridge]]
| patrons =
| education =
| alma_mater = [[University of Oxford]] (DPhil)
| thesis_title = Accretion disc structure in binary star and galactic potentials
| thesis_url = https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376904
| thesis_year = 1987
| doctoral_advisor = Geoffrey Bath<ref name=cdphil/>
| academic_advisors =
| doctoral_students = [[James E. Owen]]
| notable_students =
| known_for =
| influences =
| influenced =
| awards = [[Eddington Medal]] (2017)<ref name="Glynn 2018"/>
| spouse = 
| partner = 
| children =
| signature = 
| signature_alt =
| website = {{URL|https://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/people/cathie.j.clarke}}
}}'''Catherine Jane Clarke''' is a Professor of [[Theoretical Astrophysics[[Astrophysics]]]] at the [[University of Cambridge]] and a [[fellow]] of [[Clare College, Cambridge]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.clare.cam.ac.uk/Fellows-of-Clare-College/|title=Fellows of Clare College, Cambridge|author=Anon|website=www.clare.cam.ac.uk|language=en|access-date=2018-10-19}}</ref> In 2017 she became the first woman to be awarded the [[Eddington Medal]] by the [[Royal Astronomical Society]]. In 2022 she became the first female director of the [[Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge]].

==Education==
Clarke matriculated in 1980 to study the Natural Sciences tripos at [[Clare College, Cambridge]] where she completed her undergraduate education in 1983. She was subsequently educated at the [[University of Oxford]] where she received a [[Doctor of Philosophy]] degree in 1987 for research on [[binary star]]s supervised by Geoffrey Bath.<ref name=cdphil>{{cite thesis|degree=DPhil|publisher=University of Oxford|url=https://copac.jisc.ac.uk/id/18538605?style=html|title=Accretion disc structure in binary star and galactic potentials|first= Catherine Jane|last=Clarke|date=1987|id={{EThOS|uk.bl.ethos.376904}}|website=copac.jisc.ac.uk|oclc=499843339}}</ref> Her [[doctoral thesis]] was titled "Accretion disc structure in binary star and galactic potentials".<ref name="cdphil" />

== Research ==
Clarke studies astrophysical [[fluid dynamics]], including accretion and protoplanetary discs and stellar winds. She was the first to demonstrate how protoplanetary disc formation around low-mass young stars is determined by their radiation field.<ref name="Glynn 2018">{{Cite web|url=https://www.staff.admin.cam.ac.uk/awards/2017-eddington-medal-in-astronomy|title=2017 Eddington Medal in Astronomy|first=Thomas|last=Glynn|date=2017|website=www.staff.admin.cam.ac.uk|language=en|access-date=2018-10-19}}</ref> This removes material from the disc and is integral for various models of planet formation and migration.<ref name="Glynn 2018" /> Clarke uses hydrodynamical simulations to study the physics of photoevaporation.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Labyrinth of Star Formation|last1=Stamatellos|first1=Dimitris|last2=Goodwin|first2=Simon|last3=Ward-Thompson|first3=Derek|date=2014|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=9783319030418|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-3-319-03041-8|url=http://cds.cern.ch/record/1702298}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/111416_en.html|title=Hydrodynamical simulations of protoplanetary discs in the era of ALMA imaging {{!}} Projects {{!}} FP7-IDEAS-ERC {{!}} CORDIS {{!}} European Commission|work=CORDIS {{!}} European Commission|access-date=2018-10-19}}</ref>

In 2001 she was awarded the [[University of Cambridge]] Pilkington Prize for teaching and learning.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cctl.cam.ac.uk/pilkington-prize/prize-winners|title=All Prize Winners|last=Starkey|first=Isabel|date=2016-03-02|website=www.cctl.cam.ac.uk|language=en|access-date=2018-10-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190411220027/https://www.cctl.cam.ac.uk/pilkington-prize/prize-winners|archive-date=2019-04-11|url-status=dead}}</ref> She co-authored the ''Principles of Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics'' textbook with Bob Carswell in 2014.<ref name="Clarke 2014">{{Cite book|title=Principles of Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics|last=Clarke|first=Cathie|date=2014|oclc=892455461|doi=10.1017/CBO9780511813450|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|isbn=9781107666917|location=Cambridge|language=en}}</ref> It is a primer for the fluid dynamics required to understand astronomical phenomena.<ref name="Clarke 2014" /> She developed the course in 1996, and delivered it as part of Part II Astrophysics between 1996 and 1999.<ref name="Clarke 2014"/> She contributed to the book ''Dynamics of Young Star Clusters and Associations'' in 2015. <ref>{{Cite book|title=Dynamics of young star clusters and associations : Saas-Fee advanced course 42|last=J.|first=Clarke, Cathie|others=Mathieu, Robert D.,, Reid, I. Neill,, Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Astrophysik und Astronomie|isbn=9783662472903|location=Heidelberg|oclc=921176157|date = 2015-09-11}}</ref>

Her recent work has combined analytical observation and hydrodynamical simulations in exoplanet discovery.<ref name="Glynn 2018" /> She demonstrated the first evidence of external disc photoevaporation in a low-mass star in 2017. The star studied was IM Lupi, which was shown to have a CO (carbon monoxide) halo that extends beyond 1,000 AU. <ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Haworth|first1=Thomas J.|last2=Facchini|first2=Stefano|last3=Clarke|first3=Cathie J.|last4=Cleeves|first4=L. Ilsedore|date=2017|title=First evidence of external disc photoevaporation in a low mass star forming region: the case of IM Lup|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters|language=en|volume=468|issue=1|pages=L108–L112|doi=10.1093/mnrasl/slx037|issn=1745-3925|arxiv=1703.03409|bibcode=2017MNRAS.468L.108H|s2cid=56215417}}</ref>

Clarke identified a young star with four planets, the size of Jupiter and Saturn, in orbit around it.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/giant-planets-around-young-star-raise-questions-about-how-planets-form|title=Giant planets around young star raise questions about how planets form|date=2018-10-15|work=University of Cambridge|access-date=2018-10-19|language=en}}</ref> The star, [[CI Tauri]], hosts the first [[hot Jupiter]] candidate in a protoplanetary disc system.<ref name="Clarke 2018">{{Cite journal|last1=Clarke|first1=C. J.|last2=Tazzari|first2=M.|last3=Juhasz|first3=A.|last4=Rosotti|first4=G.|last5=Booth|first5=R.|last6=Facchini|first6=S.|last7=Ilee|first7=J. D.|last8=Johns-Krull|first8=C. M.|last9=M. Kama|date=2018|title=High-resolution Millimeter Imaging of the CI Tau Protoplanetary Disk: A Massive Ensemble of Protoplanets from 0.1 to 100 au|journal=The Astrophysical Journal Letters|language=en|volume=866|issue=1|pages=L6|doi=10.3847/2041-8213/aae36b|issn=2041-8205|arxiv=1809.08147|bibcode=2018ApJ...866L...6C|s2cid=119042020}}</ref> She used the [[Atacama Large Millimeter Array]] to search for nearby planets. The closest is in an equivalent orbit to Mercury, whilst the furthest has an orbit three times that of Neptune.<ref name="Clarke 2018" /> The two outer planets are similar masses to the sun.<ref name="Clarke 2018" /> She demonstrated that proximity to nearby stars impacts the lifetime of protoplanetary discs.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.physik.uni-heidelberg.de/aktuelles/veranstaltungen/?lang=en|title=Talks, Colloquia|website=www.physik.uni-heidelberg.de|language=EN|access-date=2018-10-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Haworth|first1=Thomas J|last2=Facchini|first2=Stefano|last3=Clarke|first3=Cathie J|last4=Mohanty|first4=Subhanjoy|date=2018|title=Where can a Trappist-1 planetary system be produced?|bibcode=2018MNRAS.475.5460H|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society|language=en|volume=475|issue=4|pages=5460–5473|doi=10.1093/mnras/sty168|issn=0035-8711|arxiv=1801.05822|s2cid=119460112}}</ref> She serves as editor of the [[Elsevier]] Journal, ''New Astronomy Reviews''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.journals.elsevier.com/new-astronomy-reviews/editorial-board/cathie-clarke|title=Cathie Clarke|website=www.journals.elsevier.com|access-date=2018-10-19}}</ref> She is a member of the [[International Astronomical Union]].

Clarke's other research interests include [[Self-gravitation|self-gravity]] in disc evolution and formation of [[Brown dwarf|brown dwarfs]] in unstable multiple systems.<ref name="Glynn 2018" />

==Honours==
In 2017, Clarke was awarded the [[Eddington Medal]] by the [[Royal Astronomical Society]]; she is the first woman to win this medal.<ref name="Glynn 2018"/>

==Selected works==

* {{cite book |last1=Clarke |first1=Cathie |last2=Carswell |first2=Bob |title=Principles of astrophysical fluid dynamics |date=2007 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge |isbn=978-0521853316}}
* {{cite book |last1=Clarke |first1=Cathie J. |last2=Mathieu |first2=Robert D. |last3=Reid |first3=I. Neill |author-link2=Robert D. Mathieu |title=Dynamics of young star clusters and associations: Saas-Fee advanced course 42 |date=2015 |publisher=Springer |location=Berlin |isbn=978-3662472897}}

== References==
{{reflist}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Clarke, Cathie}}
[[Category:British astrophysicists]]
[[Category:British women scientists]]
[[Category:Fellows of Clare College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

Benutzer:CommanderInDubio/Cathie Clarke

2023-03-23T09:26:12Z

131.111.5.183:

{{short description|Astrophysicist}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Cathie Clarke
| native_name =
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| birth_name = Catherine Jane Clarke
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| fields = [[Star formation]] [[Exoplanet]]s
| workplaces = [[University of Cambridge]]
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| education =
| alma_mater = [[University of Oxford]] (DPhil)
| thesis_title = Accretion disc structure in binary star and galactic potentials
| thesis_url = https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376904
| thesis_year = 1987
| doctoral_advisor = Geoffrey Bath<ref name=cdphil/>
| academic_advisors =
| doctoral_students = [[James E. Owen]]
| notable_students =
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| awards = [[Eddington Medal]] (2017)<ref name="Glynn 2018"/>
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| website = {{URL|https://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/people/cathie.j.clarke}}
}}'''Catherine Jane Clarke''' is a Professor of [[Theoretical Astrophysics]] at the [[University of Cambridge]] and a [[fellow]] of [[Clare College, Cambridge]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.clare.cam.ac.uk/Fellows-of-Clare-College/|title=Fellows of Clare College, Cambridge|author=Anon|website=www.clare.cam.ac.uk|language=en|access-date=2018-10-19}}</ref> In 2017 she became the first woman to be awarded the [[Eddington Medal]] by the [[Royal Astronomical Society]]. In 2022 she became the first female director of the [[Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge]].

==Education==
Clarke matriculated in 1980 to study the Natural Sciences tripos at [[Clare College, Cambridge]] where she completed her undergraduate education in 1983. She was subsequently educated at the [[University of Oxford]] where she received a [[Doctor of Philosophy]] degree in 1987 for research on [[binary star]]s supervised by Geoffrey Bath.<ref name=cdphil>{{cite thesis|degree=DPhil|publisher=University of Oxford|url=https://copac.jisc.ac.uk/id/18538605?style=html|title=Accretion disc structure in binary star and galactic potentials|first= Catherine Jane|last=Clarke|date=1987|id={{EThOS|uk.bl.ethos.376904}}|website=copac.jisc.ac.uk|oclc=499843339}}</ref> Her [[doctoral thesis]] was titled "Accretion disc structure in binary star and galactic potentials".<ref name="cdphil" />

== Research ==
Clarke studies astrophysical [[fluid dynamics]], including accretion and protoplanetary discs and stellar winds. She was the first to demonstrate how protoplanetary disc formation around low-mass young stars is determined by their radiation field.<ref name="Glynn 2018">{{Cite web|url=https://www.staff.admin.cam.ac.uk/awards/2017-eddington-medal-in-astronomy|title=2017 Eddington Medal in Astronomy|first=Thomas|last=Glynn|date=2017|website=www.staff.admin.cam.ac.uk|language=en|access-date=2018-10-19}}</ref> This removes material from the disc and is integral for various models of planet formation and migration.<ref name="Glynn 2018" /> Clarke uses hydrodynamical simulations to study the physics of photoevaporation.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Labyrinth of Star Formation|last1=Stamatellos|first1=Dimitris|last2=Goodwin|first2=Simon|last3=Ward-Thompson|first3=Derek|date=2014|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=9783319030418|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-3-319-03041-8|url=http://cds.cern.ch/record/1702298}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/111416_en.html|title=Hydrodynamical simulations of protoplanetary discs in the era of ALMA imaging {{!}} Projects {{!}} FP7-IDEAS-ERC {{!}} CORDIS {{!}} European Commission|work=CORDIS {{!}} European Commission|access-date=2018-10-19}}</ref>

In 2001 she was awarded the [[University of Cambridge]] Pilkington Prize for teaching and learning.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cctl.cam.ac.uk/pilkington-prize/prize-winners|title=All Prize Winners|last=Starkey|first=Isabel|date=2016-03-02|website=www.cctl.cam.ac.uk|language=en|access-date=2018-10-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190411220027/https://www.cctl.cam.ac.uk/pilkington-prize/prize-winners|archive-date=2019-04-11|url-status=dead}}</ref> She co-authored the ''Principles of Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics'' textbook with Bob Carswell in 2014.<ref name="Clarke 2014">{{Cite book|title=Principles of Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics|last=Clarke|first=Cathie|date=2014|oclc=892455461|doi=10.1017/CBO9780511813450|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|isbn=9781107666917|location=Cambridge|language=en}}</ref> It is a primer for the fluid dynamics required to understand astronomical phenomena.<ref name="Clarke 2014" /> She developed the course in 1996, and delivered it as part of Part II Astrophysics between 1996 and 1999.<ref name="Clarke 2014"/> She contributed to the book ''Dynamics of Young Star Clusters and Associations'' in 2015. <ref>{{Cite book|title=Dynamics of young star clusters and associations : Saas-Fee advanced course 42|last=J.|first=Clarke, Cathie|others=Mathieu, Robert D.,, Reid, I. Neill,, Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Astrophysik und Astronomie|isbn=9783662472903|location=Heidelberg|oclc=921176157|date = 2015-09-11}}</ref>

Her recent work has combined analytical observation and hydrodynamical simulations in exoplanet discovery.<ref name="Glynn 2018" /> She demonstrated the first evidence of external disc photoevaporation in a low-mass star in 2017. The star studied was IM Lupi, which was shown to have a CO (carbon monoxide) halo that extends beyond 1,000 AU. <ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Haworth|first1=Thomas J.|last2=Facchini|first2=Stefano|last3=Clarke|first3=Cathie J.|last4=Cleeves|first4=L. Ilsedore|date=2017|title=First evidence of external disc photoevaporation in a low mass star forming region: the case of IM Lup|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters|language=en|volume=468|issue=1|pages=L108–L112|doi=10.1093/mnrasl/slx037|issn=1745-3925|arxiv=1703.03409|bibcode=2017MNRAS.468L.108H|s2cid=56215417}}</ref>

Clarke identified a young star with four planets, the size of Jupiter and Saturn, in orbit around it.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/giant-planets-around-young-star-raise-questions-about-how-planets-form|title=Giant planets around young star raise questions about how planets form|date=2018-10-15|work=University of Cambridge|access-date=2018-10-19|language=en}}</ref> The star, [[CI Tauri]], hosts the first [[hot Jupiter]] candidate in a protoplanetary disc system.<ref name="Clarke 2018">{{Cite journal|last1=Clarke|first1=C. J.|last2=Tazzari|first2=M.|last3=Juhasz|first3=A.|last4=Rosotti|first4=G.|last5=Booth|first5=R.|last6=Facchini|first6=S.|last7=Ilee|first7=J. D.|last8=Johns-Krull|first8=C. M.|last9=M. Kama|date=2018|title=High-resolution Millimeter Imaging of the CI Tau Protoplanetary Disk: A Massive Ensemble of Protoplanets from 0.1 to 100 au|journal=The Astrophysical Journal Letters|language=en|volume=866|issue=1|pages=L6|doi=10.3847/2041-8213/aae36b|issn=2041-8205|arxiv=1809.08147|bibcode=2018ApJ...866L...6C|s2cid=119042020}}</ref> She used the [[Atacama Large Millimeter Array]] to search for nearby planets. The closest is in an equivalent orbit to Mercury, whilst the furthest has an orbit three times that of Neptune.<ref name="Clarke 2018" /> The two outer planets are similar masses to the sun.<ref name="Clarke 2018" /> She demonstrated that proximity to nearby stars impacts the lifetime of protoplanetary discs.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.physik.uni-heidelberg.de/aktuelles/veranstaltungen/?lang=en|title=Talks, Colloquia|website=www.physik.uni-heidelberg.de|language=EN|access-date=2018-10-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Haworth|first1=Thomas J|last2=Facchini|first2=Stefano|last3=Clarke|first3=Cathie J|last4=Mohanty|first4=Subhanjoy|date=2018|title=Where can a Trappist-1 planetary system be produced?|bibcode=2018MNRAS.475.5460H|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society|language=en|volume=475|issue=4|pages=5460–5473|doi=10.1093/mnras/sty168|issn=0035-8711|arxiv=1801.05822|s2cid=119460112}}</ref> She serves as editor of the [[Elsevier]] Journal, ''New Astronomy Reviews''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.journals.elsevier.com/new-astronomy-reviews/editorial-board/cathie-clarke|title=Cathie Clarke|website=www.journals.elsevier.com|access-date=2018-10-19}}</ref> She is a member of the [[International Astronomical Union]].

Clarke's other research interests include [[Self-gravitation|self-gravity]] in disc evolution and formation of [[Brown dwarf|brown dwarfs]] in unstable multiple systems.<ref name="Glynn 2018" />

==Honours==
In 2017, Clarke was awarded the [[Eddington Medal]] by the [[Royal Astronomical Society]]; she is the first woman to win this medal.<ref name="Glynn 2018"/>

==Selected works==

* {{cite book |last1=Clarke |first1=Cathie |last2=Carswell |first2=Bob |title=Principles of astrophysical fluid dynamics |date=2007 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge |isbn=978-0521853316}}
* {{cite book |last1=Clarke |first1=Cathie J. |last2=Mathieu |first2=Robert D. |last3=Reid |first3=I. Neill |author-link2=Robert D. Mathieu |title=Dynamics of young star clusters and associations: Saas-Fee advanced course 42 |date=2015 |publisher=Springer |location=Berlin |isbn=978-3662472897}}

== References==
{{reflist}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Clarke, Cathie}}
[[Category:British astrophysicists]]
[[Category:British women scientists]]
[[Category:Fellows of Clare College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

Stiftungskapital von Universitäten im Vereinigten Königreich

2020-03-11T16:51:14Z

131.111.5.183: THIS IS THE CORRECT FIGURE FOR CAMBRIDGE - FOLLOW THE REFERENCES IT IS CORRECT. CAMBRIDGE DOES NOT PRODUCE A DOCUMENT (AS OXFORD DOES) ADDING UP COLLEGE AND CENTRAL UNIVERSITY ENDOWMENTS. THE CALCULATION HAS BEEN MADE ON THE WIKIPEDIA PAGE ABOUT 'COLLEGES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE'

{{EngvarB|date=November 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2017}}
The following is a [[List of universities in the United Kingdom|list of British universities]] ordered by their financial [[Financial endowment#College and university endowments|endowments]], expressed in [[pounds sterling]] at [[fair value]]. All sources are official audited financial statements published in the respective [[fiscal year]]s. Note that changes to the Financial Reporting Standards (FRS 102) and Statement of Recommended Accounting Practice (SORP) in 2015 mean endowments as of 2016 are not directly comparable in all cases with those for previous years.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dur.ac.uk/resources/treasurer/financial_statements/accounts16.pdf|title=Financial Statements 2015–2016 |publisher=Durham University |accessdate=21 December 2016|pages=61–66}}</ref>

==Endowments over £1 billion==

{| class="sortable wikitable"
|-
! University
! Endowment as of 2019 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2018 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2017 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2016 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2015 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2014 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2013 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2012 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2011 (£m)
|-
| [[University of Cambridge]] (inc colleges)
|
|{{hs|£}}6,441.2{{refn|Colleges £3,188.2M,<ref name=CamColl2017>{{cite web|url=http://www.admin.cam.ac.uk/reporter/2018-19/weekly/6530/Notes-to-Accounts-2018.pdf|title=Accounts of the Colleges 2017-18|author=|date=|accessdate=11 June 2019}}</ref> University (consolidated) £3,253.0M<ref name=CamUni2018>{{cite web|url=https://www.cam.ac.uk/system/files/uoc_annual_report_2018.pdf|title=REPORTS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT 2018|publisher=University of Cambridge
|accessdate=11 June 2019}}</ref>}}
| {{hs|£}}n/a
| {{hs|£}}n/a
| {{hs|£}}n/a
| {{hs|£}}n/a
| {{hs|£}}n/a
| {{hs|£}}n/a
|-
| [[University of Oxford]] (inc colleges)
|
| {{hs|£}}5,592.2{{refn|Colleges £4,602.8M,<ref name=OxColl2017>{{cite web|url=http://d307gmaoxpdmsg.cloudfront.net/collegeaccounts1617/aggregated.pdf|title=Oxford University Colleges Financial Statements 2017|author=|date=|website=d307gmaoxpdmsg.cloudfront.net|accessdate=3 August 2018}}</ref> University (consolidated) £989.4M<ref name=OxUni2017>{{cite web|url=https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/field/field_document/University%20Financial%20Statements%202016-2017.pdf|title=Financial Statements 2016/17|publisher=University of Oxford |accessdate=3 August 2018}}</ref>}}
| {{hs|£}}5,068.9{{refn|Colleges £4,159.1M,<ref name=OxColl2016>{{cite web|url=http://d307gmaoxpdmsg.cloudfront.net/collegeaccounts1516/aggregated.pdf|title=Oxford University Colleges Financial Statements 2016|author=|date=|website=d307gmaoxpdmsg.cloudfront.net|accessdate=21 April 2018}}</ref> University (consolidated) £909.8M<ref name=OxUni2016>{{cite web|url=https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/field/field_document/Financial_statements2015_16_0.pdf|title=Financial Statements 2015/16|publisher=University of Oxford |accessdate=10 March 2017}}</ref>}}
| {{hs|£}}4,702.1{{refn|Colleges £3,868.2M,<ref name=OxColl2015>{{cite web|url=http://d307gmaoxpdmsg.cloudfront.net/collegeaccounts1415/aggregated.pdf|title=Oxford University Colleges Financial Statements 2015|author=|date=|website=d307gmaoxpdmsg.cloudfront.net|accessdate=21 April 2018}}</ref> University (consolidated) £833.9M<ref name=OxUni2015>{{cite web|url=https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/field/field_document/Financial_Statements2014_15.pdf|title=Financial Statements 2014/15|publisher=University of Oxford |accessdate=10 December 2016}}</ref>}}
| {{hs|£}}4,245.9{{refn|Colleges £3,540.0M,<ref name=OxColl2014>{{cite web|url=http://d307gmaoxpdmsg.cloudfront.net/collegeaccounts1314/aggregated.pdf|title=Oxford University Colleges Financial Statements 2014|author=|date=|website=d307gmaoxpdmsg.cloudfront.net|accessdate=21 April 2018}}</ref> University (consolidated) £705.9M<ref name=OxUni2014>{{cite web|url=http://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/field/field_document/Financial_Statements2013_14.pdf|title=Financial Statements 2013/14|publisher=University of Oxford |accessdate=10 December 2015}}</ref>}}
| {{hs|£}}4,033.1{{refn|Colleges £3,347.0M,<ref name=OxColl2014/> University (consolidated) £686.1<ref name=OxUni2014/>}}
| {{hs|£}}3,772.3{{refn|Colleges £2,917.8,<ref name=OxColl2012>{{cite web|url=http://d307gmaoxpdmsg.cloudfront.net/collegeaccounts1112/aggregated.pdf|title=Oxford University Colleges Financial Statements 2012|author=|date=|website=d307gmaoxpdmsg.cloudfront.net|accessdate=21 April 2018}}</ref> University (consolidated) £854.5<ref name=OxUni2012>[http://www.ox.ac.uk/document.rm?id=2741 University of Oxford financial statements 2012] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130425111932/http://www.ox.ac.uk/document.rm?id=2741 |date=25 April 2013 }}</ref>}}
| {{hs|£}}3,721.8{{refn|Colleges £2,865.6,<ref name=OxColl2012/> University (consolidated) £856.2<ref name=OxUni2012/>}}
|}

==Endowments from £100 million to £500 million==

{| class="sortable wikitable"
|-
! University
! Endowment as of 2019 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2018 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2017 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2016 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2015 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2014 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2013 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2012 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2011 (£m)
|-
| [[University of Edinburgh]]
|459.9<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ed.ac.uk/files/atoms/files/201908_uoe_annual_accounts_2019_29_online.pdf|title=The University of Edinburgh Reports & Financial Statements for the year to July 2019|publisher=University of Edinburgh|accessdate=10 January 2020}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}424.1<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ed.ac.uk/files/atoms/files/university_of_edinburgh_annual_report_and_accounts_2017.18.pdf|title=The University of Edinburgh Reports & Financial Statements for the year to July 2018|publisher=University of Edinburgh|accessdate=12 December 2018}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}392.1<ref>{{cite journal|publisher=University of Edinburgh |year=2017|url=https://www.ed.ac.uk/files/atoms/files/uoe_annual_report_and_accounts_2016-17_0.pdf|title=The University of Edinburgh Reports & Financial Statements for the year to July 2017|accessdate=15 December 2017}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}342.8<ref>{{cite journal|publisher=University of Edinburgh |year=2016|url=http://www.ed.ac.uk/files/atoms/files/uoe_annual_report_and_accounts_2015-16.pdf|title=The University of Edinburgh Reports & Financial Statements for the year to July 2016|accessdate=21 December 2016}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}317.2<ref>{{cite journal|publisher=University of Edinburgh |year=2014|url=http://www.accounts.finance.ed.ac.uk/sites/default/files/UOE_Annual_Report_and_Accounts_2014-15.pdf|title=The University of Edinburgh Reports & Financial Statements for the year to July 2015|accessdate=15 December 2015}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}297.9<ref>{{cite journal|publisher=University of Edinburgh |year=2014|url=http://www.accounts.finance.ed.ac.uk/sites/default/files/uoe_reports_fin_statements_13-14.pdf|title=The University of Edinburgh Reports & Financial Statements for the year to July 2014|accessdate=5 February 2015}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}283.5<ref>{{cite journal|publisher=University of Edinburgh |year=2013|url=https://www.wiki.ed.ac.uk/download/attachments/68630228/Financial_Statements_2012-13_Accounts_Wikki_Version.pdf|title=The University of Edinburgh Reports & Financial Statements for the year to July 2013|accessdate=8 April 2014}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}238.3<ref>{{cite journal|publisher=University of Edinburgh |year=2012|url=https://www.wiki.ed.ac.uk/download/attachments/68630228/uoe_reports_fin_statements_11-12.pdf|title=The University of Edinburgh Reports & Financial Statements for the year to July 2012|accessdate=14 January 2013}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}236.5
|-
| [[King's College London]]
| {{hs|£}}258.1<ref name="KCL 2018/19">{{cite web|url=https://www.kcl.ac.uk/aboutkings/orgstructure/ps/finance/statements/2018-19-financial-statements.pdf|title=Financial Statements for the year to 31 July 2019|accessdate=24 December 2019|publisher=King's College London}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}233.5<ref name="KCL 2017/18">{{cite web|url=https://www.kcl.ac.uk/aboutkings/orgstructure/ps/finance/statements/financialstatments2018.pdf|title=Financial Statements for the year to 31 July 2018|accessdate=15 December 2018|publisher=King's College London}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}213.5<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kcl.ac.uk/aboutkings/orgstructure/ps/finance/statements/Financial-Statements-2017.pdf|title=Financial Statements for the year to 31 July 2017|accessdate=11 December 2017|publisher=King's College London}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}194.1<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kcl.ac.uk/aboutkings/orgstructure/ps/finance/statements/financialstatements2016.pdf|title=Financial Statements for the year to 31 July 2016|accessdate=10 February 2017|publisher=King's College London}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}179.4<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kcl.ac.uk/aboutkings/orgstructure/ps/finance/statements/financialstatements2015.pdf|title=Financial Statements for the year to 31 July 2015|accessdate=5 January 2016|publisher=King's College London}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}162.6<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kcl.ac.uk/aboutkings/orgstructure/ps/finance/statements/financialstatements2014.pdf|title=Financial Statements for the year to 31 July 2014|accessdate=3 January 2015|publisher=King's College London}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}154.1<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kcl.ac.uk/aboutkings/orgstructure/ps/finance/statements/financialstatements2013.pdf|title=Financial Statements for the year to 31 July 2013|accessdate=8 April 2014|publisher=King's College London}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}130.8<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kcl.ac.uk/aboutkings/orgstructure/ps/finance/statements/financialstatements2012.pdf|title=Financial Statements for the year to 31 July 2012|accessdate=30 March 2013|publisher=King's College London}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}124.7
|-
| [[University of Manchester]]
|{{hs|£}}238.4<ref>{{cite web|url=http://documents.manchester.ac.uk/display.aspx?DocID=46451|title=Financial statements for the year ended 31 July 2019|publisher=University of Manchester|accessdate= 24 December 2019}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}235.1<ref>{{cite web|url=http://documents.manchester.ac.uk/display.aspx?DocID=40683|title=Financial statements for the year ended 31 July 2018|publisher=University of Manchester|accessdate= 19 December 2018}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}222.2<ref>{{cite web|url=http://documents.manchester.ac.uk/display.aspx?DocID=35202|title=Financial statements for the year ended 31 July 2017|publisher=University of Manchester|accessdate= 19 December 2017}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}196.8<ref>{{cite web|url=http://documents.manchester.ac.uk/display.aspx?DocID=30586|title=Financial statements for the year ended 31 July 2016|publisher=University of Manchester|accessdate= 21 December 2016}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}188.9<ref>{{cite web|url=http://documents.manchester.ac.uk/display.aspx?DocID=26250|title=Financial statements for the year ended 31 July 2015|publisher=University of Manchester|accessdate= 10 December 2015}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}174.3<ref>{{cite web | url = http://documents.manchester.ac.uk/display.aspx?DocID=23164 | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2014 | accessdate = 5 February 2015 | format = PDF | publisher = University of Manchester | page = 29 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150121120611/http://documents.manchester.ac.uk/display.aspx?DocID=23164 | archive-date = 21 January 2015 | url-status = dead | df = dmy-all }}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}169.2<ref>{{cite web | url = http://documents.manchester.ac.uk/display.aspx?DocID=18770 | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2013 | accessdate = 9 April 2014 | format = PDF | publisher = University of Manchester| page = 29}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}153.7<ref>{{cite web | url = http://documents.manchester.ac.uk/display.aspx?DocID=14943 | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2012 | accessdate = 9 April 2014 | format = PDF | publisher = University of Manchester| page = 30}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}158.7<ref>{{cite web | url = http://documents.manchester.ac.uk/display.aspx?DocID=12021 | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2011 | accessdate = 13 February 2014 | format = PDF | publisher = University of Manchester | page = 20 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120403164312/http://documents.manchester.ac.uk/display.aspx?DocID=12021 | archive-date = 3 April 2012 | url-status = dead | df = dmy-all }}</ref>
|-
| [[University of Glasgow]]
| {{hs|£}}201.9<ref name="GlasgowFinancialStatement19">{{cite web |url = https://www.gla.ac.uk/media/Media_705788_smxx.pdf |title = Reports and Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2019 |accessdate = 2 March 2020 |date = 31 July 2019 |publisher = University of Glasgow}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}200.6<ref name="GlasgowFinancialStatement18">{{cite web |url = https://www.gla.ac.uk/media/media_627524_en.pdf |title = Reports and Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2018 |accessdate = 19 December 2018 |date = 31 July 2017 |publisher = University of Glasgow}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}188.4<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.gla.ac.uk/media/media_565768_en.pdf | title = Reports and Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2017 | accessdate = 21 December 2017 | date = 31 July 2017 | publisher = University of Glasgow | page = 5 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171222051235/https://www.gla.ac.uk/media/media_565768_en.pdf | archive-date = 22 December 2017 | url-status = dead | df = dmy-all }}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}170.9<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.gla.ac.uk/media/media_505978_en.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2016 | accessdate =21 December 2016 | date = 31 July 2016| publisher = University of Glasgow | page = 22}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}164.3<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.gla.ac.uk/media/media_438197_en.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2015 | accessdate =15 December 2015 | date = 5 February 2015| publisher = University of Glasgow | page = 5}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}157.8<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.gla.ac.uk/services/finance/financialstatements/ | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2014 | accessdate =5 February 2015 | date = 5 February 2014| format = PDF | publisher = University of Glasgow | page = 18}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}153.9<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.gla.ac.uk/services/finance/financialstatements/ | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2013 | accessdate =20 February 2014 | date = 15 December 2010 | format = PDF | publisher = University of Glasgow | page = 17}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}129.5<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.gla.ac.uk/services/finance/financialstatements/ | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2012 | accessdate =23 January 2011 | date = 15 December 2010 | format = PDF | publisher = University of Glasgow | page = 17}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}128.1<ref name="GlasgowFinancialStatement2012">{{cite web | url = http://www.gla.ac.uk/media/media_183865_en.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2011 | accessdate = 22 March 2012 | date = 22 March 2012 | publisher = University of Glasgow | page = 4 | url-status = dead | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20120112223056/http://www.gla.ac.uk/media/media_183865_en.pdf | archivedate = 12 January 2012 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Imperial College London]]
| {{hs|£}}178.1<ref name=AR2018-19>{{cite web|url=https://www.imperial.ac.uk/media/imperial-college/administration-and-support-services/finance/public/Annual-Report-and-Accounts-web-1819.pdf | title=Annual Report and Accounts 2018-19 | publisher=Imperial College London | accessdate=24 December 2019}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}157.1<ref name=AR2017-18>{{cite web|url=https://www.imperial.ac.uk/media/imperial-college/administration-and-support-services/finance/public/Annual-Report-and-Accounts.pdf | title=Annual Report and Accounts 2017-18 | publisher=Imperial College London | accessdate=15 December 2018}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}141.7<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imperial.ac.uk/media/imperial-college/administration-and-support-services/finance/public/Annual-Report-and-Accounts-201617.pdf |title=Annual Report and Accounts 2016–17|publisher=Imperial College London}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}126.2<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imperial.ac.uk/media/imperial-college/administration-and-support-services/finance/public/Imperial_ReportAndAccounts2015-16_WEB_Singles.pdf |title=Annual Report and Accounts 2015–16|publisher=Imperial College London}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}113.6<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imperial.ac.uk/media/imperial-college/administration-and-support-services/finance/public/Annual-Report-2014-15.pdf|title=Annual Report and Accounts 2014–15|publisher=Imperial College London}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}98.0<ref>{{cite web|url=https://workspace.imperial.ac.uk/finance/Public/annual_report/annual_report_13_14.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141231184943/https://workspace.imperial.ac.uk/finance/Public/annual_report/annual_report_13_14.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=2014-12-31|title=Annual Report and Accounts 2013–14|publisher=Imperial College London}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}96.7<ref>{{cite web|url=https://workspace.imperial.ac.uk/finance/Public/annual_report/annual_report_12_13.pdf|title=Annual Report and Accounts 2012–13|accessdate=2 January 2014|publisher=Imperial College London|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102192559/https://workspace.imperial.ac.uk/finance/Public/annual_report/annual_report_12_13.pdf|archive-date=2 January 2014|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}79.1<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imperial.ac.uk/media/imperial-college/administration-and-support-services/finance/public/annual_report_11_12.pdf|title=Annual Report and Accounts 2011–12|accessdate=2 January 2014|publisher=Imperial College London}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}75.6<ref name="ICL 2010-11">{{cite web|url=http://www.imperial.ac.uk/media/imperial-college/administration-and-support-services/finance/public/annual_report_10_11.pdf|title=Annual Report and Accounts 2010–11|accessdate=2 January 2014|publisher=Imperial College London}}</ref>
|-
| [[University of Liverpool]]
| {{hs|£}}171.7<ref name="Liverpool Financial Statement 18/19">{{cite web | url = https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/media/livacuk/finance/Annual,Accounts,2018-2019.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2019 | accessdate = 4 December 2019 | publisher = University of Liverpool | page = 20}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}167.1<ref name="Liverpool Financial Statement 17/18">{{cite web | url = https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/media/livacuk/finance/Annual,Accounts,2017-18.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2018 | accessdate = 2 December 2018 | publisher = University of Liverpool | page = 20}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}166.5<ref name="Liverpool Financial Statement 16/17">{{cite web | url = https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/media/livacuk/finance/Annual,Accounts,2016-2017.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2017 | accessdate = 11 December 2017 | publisher = University of Liverpool | page = 20}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}155.8<ref name="Liverpool Financial Statement 15/16">{{cite web | url = https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/media/livacuk/finance/Annual,Accounts,2015-2016.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2016 | accessdate = 21 December 2016 | publisher = University of Liverpool | page = 20}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}147.9<ref name="Liverpool Financial Statement 14/15">{{cite web | url = https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/media/livacuk/finance/Annual,Accounts,2014-15.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2015 | accessdate = 12 December 2015 | publisher = University of Liverpool | page = 20}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}141.7<ref name="Liverpool Financial Statement 13/14">{{cite web | url = https://www.liv.ac.uk/media/livacuk/finance/Annual,Accounts,2013-14.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2014 | accessdate = 5 February 2015 | publisher = University of Liverpool | page = 20}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}143.5<ref name="Liverpool Financial Statement 12/13">{{cite web | url = http://www.liv.ac.uk/media/livacuk/finance/Annual,Accounts,2012-13.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2013 | accessdate = 31 March 2014 | publisher = University of Liverpool | page = 22}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}137.9<ref name="Liverpool Financial Statement 11/12">{{cite web | url = http://www.liv.ac.uk/media/livacuk/finance/2011-2012.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2012 | accessdate = 31 March 2014| publisher = University of Liverpool | page = 19}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}136.7<ref name="Liverpool Financial Statement 10/11">{{cite web | url = http://www.liv.ac.uk/media/livacuk/finance/Annual_Accounts_2010-2011.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2011 | accessdate = 31 March 2014| publisher = University of Liverpool | page = 19}}</ref>
|-
| [[London School of Economics]]
|{{hs|£}}155.0<ref name="LSE Financial Statement 18/19">{{cite web| url = https://info.lse.ac.uk/staff/divisions/Finance-Division/assets/annual-accounts/PDF/18-19-LSE-Financial-Statements.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2019| accessdate = 24 December 2019| publisher = London School of Economics| page = 30}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}141.6<ref name="LSE Financial Statement 17/18">{{cite web| url = https://info.lse.ac.uk/staff/divisions/Finance-Division/assets/annual-accounts/PDF/17-18-LSE-signed-Financial-Statements.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2018| accessdate = 12 December 2018| publisher = London School of Economics| page = 30}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}132.7<ref name="LSE Financial Statement 16/17">{{cite web| url = https://info.lse.ac.uk/staff/divisions/Finance-Division/assets/annual-accounts/PDF/17-0494-FinancialStatementsLandscape-FINAL.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2017| accessdate = 12 December 2017| publisher = London School of Economics| page = 30| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171213011127/https://info.lse.ac.uk/staff/divisions/Finance-Division/assets/annual-accounts/PDF/17-0494-FinancialStatementsLandscape-FINAL.pdf| archive-date = 13 December 2017| url-status = dead| df = dmy-all}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}119.2<ref name="LSE Financial Statement 15/16">{{cite web | url = http://www.lse.ac.uk/intranet/LSEServices/financeDivision/pdf/FinancialStatements-FINAL-2015-16.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2016 | accessdate = 4 January 2017 | publisher = London School of Economics | page = 36}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}112.9<ref name="LSE Financial Statement 14/15">{{cite web | url = http://www.lse.ac.uk/intranet/LSEServices/financeDivision/pdf/15-0757-FinancialStatements-Proof-7Dec.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2015 | accessdate = 22 December 2015 | publisher = London School of Economics | page = 22}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}97.2<ref name="LSE Financial Statement 13/14">{{cite web | url = http://www.lse.ac.uk/intranet/LSEServices/financeDivision/pdf/2014AnnualAccounts.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2014 | accessdate =7 June 2013 | publisher = London School of Economics| page = 23}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}92.6
| {{hs|£}}83.2<ref name="LSE Financial Statement 11/12">{{cite web | url = http://www2.lse.ac.uk/intranet/LSEServices/financeDivision/pdf/2012AnnualAccountsFINAL.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2012 | accessdate =7 June 2013 | publisher = London School of Economics| page = 45}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}81.7<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lse.ac.uk/intranet/LSEServices/financeDivision/pdf/2012AnnualAccountsFINAL.pdf|title=Finance Division|first=London School of Economics and Political|last=Science|date=|website=www.lse.ac.uk|accessdate=21 April 2018}}</ref>
|-
| [[University College London]]
| {{hs|£}}138.7<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ucl.ac.uk/finance/sites/finance/files/2019_ucl-annual-report.pdf|title=Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2019|publisher=University College London|accessdate=24 December 2019}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}118.0<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ucl.ac.uk/finance/docs/docs-corporate/2018_UCL-annual-report.pdf|title=Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2018|publisher=University College London|accessdate=2 December 2018}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}111.4<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ucl.ac.uk/finance/docs/docs-corporate/2017_ucl-annual-report.pdf|title=Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2017|accessdate=5 December 2017|publisher=UCL|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181113021226/https://www.ucl.ac.uk/finance/docs/docs-corporate/2017_ucl-annual-report.pdf|archive-date=13 November 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}101.0<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ucl.ac.uk/finance/docs/docs-corporate/2016_ucl-annual-report.pdf|title=Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2016|accessdate=11 January 2017|publisher=UCL|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113124714/https://www.ucl.ac.uk/finance/docs/docs-corporate/2016_ucl-annual-report.pdf|archive-date=13 January 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}103.6<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ucl.ac.uk/finance/docs/docs-corporate/2015_UCL-annual-report.pdf|title=Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2015|accessdate=10 December 2015|publisher=UCL|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303203732/https://www.ucl.ac.uk/finance/docs/docs-corporate/2015_UCL-annual-report.pdf|archive-date=3 March 2016|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}90.5<ref name="UniversityCollegeLondonFinancialStatement2014">{{cite web | url = https://www.ucl.ac.uk/finance/docs/docs-corporate/2014_UCL-annual-report.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2014 | accessdate = 5 February 2015 | date = 5 February 2015 | publisher = University College London | page = 52}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}85.9<ref name="UCL 2012/13">{{cite web|url=http://www.ucl.ac.uk/finance/report_account_arch/report_accounts2012-13.pdf |title=Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2013 |publisher=University College London |accessdate=7 December 2013 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131214160634/http://www.ucl.ac.uk/finance/report_account_arch/report_accounts2012-13.pdf |archivedate=14 December 2013 }}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}72.4<ref name="UCL 2012/13"/>
| {{hs|£}}72.7
|-
| [[University of Birmingham]]
| {{hs|£}}121.6<ref name="Birmingham Financial Statement 18/19">{{cite web | url = https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/Documents/finance/UoB-Annual-Accounts-2018%E2%80%9319.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2019 | accessdate = 6 January 2020| publisher = University of Birmingham| page = 46}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}120.3<ref name="Birmingham Financial Statement 17/18">{{cite web | url = https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/Documents/finance/UoB-Annual-Accounts-2017%E2%80%9318.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2018 | accessdate = 2 December 2018| publisher = University of Birmingham| page = 42}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}112.6<ref name="Birmingham Financial Statement 16/17">{{cite web | url = https://intranet.birmingham.ac.uk/finance/documents/public/UoB-Annual-Accounts-2016%E2%80%9317.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2017 | accessdate = 11 December 2017| publisher = University of Birmingham| page = 42}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}103.8<ref name="Birmingham Financial Statement 15/16">{{cite web | url = https://intranet.birmingham.ac.uk/finance/documents/public/Annual-Accounts-2015-2016.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2016 | accessdate = 8 January 2017| publisher = University of Birmingham| page = 47}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}97.0<ref name="Birmingham Financial Statement 14/15">{{cite web | url = https://intranet.birmingham.ac.uk/finance/documents/public/Annual-Accounts-2014-15.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2015 | accessdate = 12 December 2015| publisher = University of Birmingham| page = 42}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}90.1<ref name="Birmingham Financial Statement 13/14">{{cite web | url = http://www.birmingham.ac.uk/Documents/finance/Annual-Accounts-13-14.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2014 | accessdate = 5 February 2015| publisher = University of Birmingham| page = 38}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}88.3<ref name="Birmingham Financial Statement 12/13">{{cite web | url = https://intranet.birmingham.ac.uk/finance/documents/public/UoB-Annual-Accounts-2013.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2013 | accessdate = 28 March 2014| publisher = University of Birmingham| page = 30}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}83.5<ref name="Birmingham Financial Statement 11/12">{{cite web | url = https://intranet.birmingham.ac.uk/finance/documents/public/UoB-Annual-Accounts-2011-12.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2012 | accessdate = 28 March 2014| publisher = University of Birmingham| page = 26}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}83.0<ref name="Birmingham Financial Statement 10/11">{{cite web | url = https://intranet.birmingham.ac.uk/finance/documents/public/Accounts201011.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2011 | accessdate = 28 March 2014| publisher = University of Birmingham| page = 34}}</ref>
|}

==Endowments from £50 million to £100 million==

{| class="sortable wikitable"
|-
! University
! Endowment as of 2019 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2018 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2017 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2016 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2015 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2014 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2013 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2012 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2011 (£m)
|-
| [[University of St Andrews]]
| {{hs|£}}90.0<ref name="St Andrews Financial Statement 18/19">{{cite web | url = https://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/media/finance/documents/financial-statements/financial-statement-31-july-2019.pdf | title= Reports and Financial Statements of the University Court for the year to 31 July 2019 | accessdate = 24 December 2019 | publisher = University of St Andrews}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}77.8<ref name="St Andrews Financial Statement 17/18">{{cite web | url = https://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/media/finance/documents/financialstatements/X1%20Group%20Fin%20Statement%20(final).pdf | title = Reports and Financial Statements of the University Court for the year to 31 July 2018 | accessdate = 20 December 2018 | publisher = University of St Andrews }}{{Dead link|date=March 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}69.4<ref name="St Andrews Financial Statement 16/17">{{cite web | url = https://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/media/finance/documents/group-financial-statement-july-2017.pdf | title = Reports and Financial Statements of the University Court for the year to 31 July 2017 | accessdate = 3 January 2018 | publisher = University of St Andrews | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180819225834/https://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/media/finance/documents/group-financial-statement-july-2017.pdf | archive-date = 19 August 2018 | url-status = dead }}</ref>
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| {{hs|£}}39.1<ref name="St Andrews Financial Statement 11/12">{{cite web | url = https://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/media/finance/documents/Group%20Fin%20Statement%20-%20v6%20FINAL.pdf | title= Reports and Financial Statements of the University Court for the year to 31 July 2012 | accessdate = 29 January 2013 | publisher = University of St Andrews| page = 31}}</ref>
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|-
| [[Newcastle University]]
|{{hs|£}}85.1<ref name="Newcastle university financial statement 18/19">{{cite web | url = https://www.ncl.ac.uk/media/wwwnclacuk/freedomofinformation/files/IAR%202018-19.pdf | title = Integrated Annual Report 2018–19 | accessdate = 24 December 2019 | publisher = Newcastle University}}</ref>
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|-
| [[University of Leeds]]
| {{hs|£}}82.3<ref name=Leeds2019>{{cite web|url=https://www.leeds.ac.uk/download/846/annual_report_and_accounts_2018-19|title=Annual report and accounts 2018-19|publisher=University of Leeds|accessdate= 24 December 2019}}</ref>
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| {{hs|£}}72.7<ref name=Leeds2017>{{cite web|url=http://www.leeds.ac.uk/download/631/annual_report_and_accounts_2016-17|title=Annual report and accounts 2016-17|publisher=University of Leeds|accessdate= 5 December 2017}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}67.7<ref name=Leeds2016>{{cite web|url=https://www.leeds.ac.uk/download/407/annual_report_and_accounts_2015-16|title=Annual report and accounts 2015–16|publisher=University of Leeds|accessdate= 21 December 2016}}</ref>
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|-
| [[Durham University]] (excl Colleges)
| {{hs|£}}81.9<ref name="Durham Financial Statement 18/19">{{cite web|url=https://www.dur.ac.uk/resources/treasurer/financial_statements/AnnualReportandFinancialStatements2018-2019.pdf|title=Financial Statements 2018–2019 |publisher=Durham University |date= |accessdate=24 December 2019}}</ref>
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|-
| [[Royal Holloway, University of London]]
| {{hs|£}}81.2<ref name="RHUL Financial Statement 18/19">{{cite web | url = https://www.royalholloway.ac.uk/media/11981/annual%20report%20(financial%20statements%202019)%20final%20web.pdf.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2019 | accessdate = 24 December 2019| publisher = Royal Holloway University of London| page = 35}}</ref>
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| {{hs|£}}70.8<ref name="RHUL Financial Statement 11/12"/>
|-
| [[University of Bristol]]
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| {{hs|£}}52.8<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bris.ac.uk/finance/statements/current/fs1213.pdf|title=Bristol University – Finance Services – Financial statements|access-date=18 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140112035854/http://www.bris.ac.uk/finance/statements/current/fs1213.pdf|archive-date=12 January 2014|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
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| {{hs|£}}46.7
|-
| [[Queen's University Belfast]]
| {{hs|£}}67.1<ref name="Queen's University Belfast Financial Statement 18/19">{{cite web | url = https://www.qub.ac.uk/directorates/FinanceDirectorate/visitors/FileStore-Visitors/financial-statements/Filetoupload,939623,en.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2019 | accessdate = 24 December 2019 | publisher = Queen's University Belfast | page = 35}}</ref>
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| {{hs|£}}41.6<ref name="Queen's University Belfast Financial Statement 10/11">{{cite web | url = http://www.qub.ac.uk/directorates/FinanceDirectorate/FileStore/Filetoupload,270870,en.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2011 | accessdate = 9 April 2014 | publisher = Queen's University Belfast | page = 19 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140413110101/http://www.qub.ac.uk/directorates/FinanceDirectorate/FileStore/Filetoupload,270870,en.pdf | archive-date = 13 April 2014 | url-status = dead | df = dmy-all }}</ref>
|-
| [[University of Nottingham]]
|{{hs|£}}63.0<ref name="Nottingham Financial Statement 18/19">{{cite web | url = https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/fabs/finance/documents/financialstatements/uon-financial-statements-2019.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2019 | accessdate = 24 December 2019 | publisher = University of Nottingham| page = 34}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}58.5<ref name="Nottingham Financial Statement 17/18">{{cite web | url = https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/fabs/finance/documents/financialstatements/global-review-and-financial-statements-2018.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2018 | accessdate = 2 December 2018 | publisher = University of Nottingham| page = 34}}</ref>
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|{{hs|£}}40.2<ref name="Nottingham Financial Statement 14/15"/>
|{{hs|£}}38.6<ref name="Nottingham Financial Statement 12/13">{{cite web | url = http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/fabs/finance/documents/financialstatements/finstats2013.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2013 | accessdate = 21 October 2012 | publisher = University of Nottingham| page = 25}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}32.7<ref name="Nottingham Financial Statement 12/13"/>
| {{hs|£}}32.4<ref name="Nottingham Financial Statement 10/11">{{cite web | url = http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/fabs/finance/documents/financialstatements/finstats2011.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2009 | accessdate = 21 October 2012 | publisher = University of Nottingham| page = 21}}</ref>
|-
| [[University of Aberdeen]]
| {{hs|£}}52.0<ref>https://www.abdn.ac.uk/staffnet/documents/finance-statements/Annual-Report-Final-2019.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}49.7<ref name="Aberdeen University 2017/18">{{cite web | url = https://www.abdn.ac.uk/staffnet/documents/finance-statements/Annual-Report-2018-final.pdf | title = Annual Reports & Accounts 2018 | accessdate = 19 January 2019 | publisher = University of Aberdeen}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}46.9<ref name="Aberdeen University 2016/17">{{cite web | url = https://www.abdn.ac.uk/staffnet/documents/finance-statements/Annual-Report-2017-web.pdf | title = Annual Reports & Accounts 2017 | accessdate = 21 December 2017 | publisher = University of Aberdeen}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}41.3<ref name="Aberdeen University 2015/16">{{cite web | url = http://www.abdn.ac.uk/finance/documents/statements/Annual%20Report%2016%20Final%20-%20signed.pdf | title = Financial Statements 2015–16 | accessdate = 23 December 2016 | publisher = University of Aberdeen | url-status = dead | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20161224030327/http://www.abdn.ac.uk/finance/documents/statements/Annual%20Report%2016%20Final%20-%20signed.pdf | archivedate = 24 December 2016 | df = dmy-all }}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}38.0<ref name="Aberdeen University 2014/15">{{cite web | url = https://www.abdn.ac.uk/finance/documents/statements/Accounts_2015.pdf | title = Financial Statements 2014–15 | accessdate = 12 December 2015 | publisher = University of Aberdeen | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151225045754/https://www.abdn.ac.uk/finance/documents/statements/Accounts_2015.pdf | archive-date = 25 December 2015 | url-status = dead | df = dmy-all }}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}35.0<ref name="Aberdeen University 2014/15"/>
| {{hs|£}}33.6<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.abdn.ac.uk/finance/documents/statements/Aberdeen_2013.pdf | title = Financial Statements 2012–2013 | accessdate = 18 February 2014 | publisher = University of Aberdeen | url-status = dead | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140111071444/http://www.abdn.ac.uk/finance/documents/statements/Aberdeen_2013.pdf | archivedate = 11 January 2014 | df = dmy-all }}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}29.2<ref name="Aberdeen University Accounts 2012">{{cite web | url = https://www.abdn.ac.uk/finance/documents/statements/Accounts_2012.pdf | title = Financial Statements 2011–2012 | accessdate = 18 February 2014 | publisher = University of Aberdeen | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140630102417/http://www.abdn.ac.uk/finance/documents/statements/Accounts_2012.pdf | archive-date = 30 June 2014 | url-status = dead | df = dmy-all }}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}28.8<ref name="Aberdeen University Accounts 2012"/>
|}

==Endowments from £25 million to £50 million==

{| class="sortable wikitable"
|-
! University
! Endowment as of 2019 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2018 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2017 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2016 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2015 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2014 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2013 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2012 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2011 (£m)
|-

| [[School of Oriental and African Studies]]
|
| {{hs|£}}47.0<ref name="SOAS 2018">{{cite web | url =https://www.soas.ac.uk/finance/accounts/file136764.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2018 | accessdate = 2 December 2018 | publisher = School of Oriental and African Studies| page = 25}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}42.2<ref name="SOAS 2017">{{cite web | url =https://www.soas.ac.uk/finance/accounts/file125633.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2017 | accessdate = 11 December 2017 | publisher = School of Oriental and African Studies| page = 25}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}39.0<ref name="SOAS 2016">{{cite web | url =https://www.soas.ac.uk/finance/accounts/file118308.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2016 | accessdate = 9 February 2017 | publisher = School of Oriental and African Studies| page = 25}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}35.4<ref name="SOAS 2015">{{cite web | url =http://www.soas.ac.uk/finance/accounts/file109034.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2015 | accessdate = 25 January 2016 | publisher = School of Oriental and African Studies| page = 25}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}31.7<ref name="SOAS 2015"/>
| {{hs|£}}20.8<ref name="School of Oriental and African studies">{{cite web | url =http://www.soas.ac.uk/annualreview/file89933.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2013 | accessdate = 9 April 2014 | publisher = School of Oriental and African Studies| page = 25}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}20.2<ref name="http">{{cite web | url = http://www.soas.ac.uk/annualreview/file80389.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2012 | accessdate = 12 February 2014 | publisher = School of Oriental and African Studies | page = 47 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130610144556/http://www.soas.ac.uk/annualreview/file80389.pdf | archive-date = 10 June 2013 | url-status = dead }}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}20.0<ref name="http"/>
|-
| [[University of Sheffield]]
|{{hs|£}}46.0<ref>https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/polopoly_fs/1.874389!/file/Annual-report-and-financial-statements-2018-2019.pdf</ref>
|{{hs|£}}43.8<ref name="Sheffield Financial Statement 17/18">{{cite web | url = https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/polopoly_fs/1.818814!/file/annual-report-17_18.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2018| accessdate= 2 December 2018| page = 54|publisher=University of Sheffield}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}42.2<ref name="Sheffield Financial Statement 16/17">{{cite web | url = https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/polopoly_fs/1.753216!/file/Annual_Report_2016_17_FINAL.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2017| accessdate= 22 December 2017| page = 54|publisher=University of Sheffield}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}39.7<ref name="Sheffield Financial Statement 15/16">{{cite web | url = https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/polopoly_fs/1.669842!/file/Annual_Report_2015_16_FINAL.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2016| accessdate= 21 December 2016| page = 54|publisher=University of Sheffield}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}39.0<ref name="Sheffield Financial Statement 14/15">{{cite web | url = https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/polopoly_fs/1.533490!/file/Annual_Report_2014_2015.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2015| accessdate= 12 December 2015| page = 54|publisher=University of Sheffield}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}37.8<ref name="Sheffield Financial Statement 14/15"/>
|{{hs|£}}36.5<ref name="Sheffield Financial Statement 12/13">{{cite web | url = http://www.sheffield.ac.uk/polopoly_fs/1.336226!/file/Annual_Report_2012_2013.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2013| accessdate= 9 April 2014| page = 58|publisher=University of Sheffield}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}32.8<ref name="Sheffield Financial Statement 11/12">{{cite web | url = http://www.shef.ac.uk/polopoly_fs/1.232783!/file/annualreport2011_12_v2.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2013| accessdate= 9 April 2014| page = 58|publisher=University of Sheffield}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}34.5<ref name="Sheffield Financial Statement 10/11">{{cite web | url = http://www.shef.ac.uk/polopoly_fs/1.141756%21/file/annualreport_2010-11.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2011| page = 56|publisher=University of Sheffield}}</ref>
|-
| [[University of Exeter]]
|{{hs|£}}40.7<ref>http://www.exeter.ac.uk/media/universityofexeter/financeservices/pdfs/annualreport2018-2019.pdf</ref>
|{{hs|£}}38.2<ref name="Exeter Financial Statement 17/18">{{cite web | url = https://www.exeter.ac.uk/media/universityofexeter/financeservices/pdfs/Financial_Statements_2017-18.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2018 | accessdate = 2 December 2018 | publisher = University of Exeter| page = 29}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}37.2<ref name="Exeter Financial Statement 16/17">{{cite web | url = http://www.exeter.ac.uk/media/universityofexeter/financeservices/pdfs/Financial_Statements_2016-17.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2017 | accessdate = 19 January 2017 | publisher = University of Exeter}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}32.5<ref name="Exeter Financial Statement 15/16">{{cite web | url = http://www.exeter.ac.uk/media/universityofexeter/financeservices/pdfs/Financial_Statements_2015-16.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2016 | accessdate = 3 December 2016 | publisher = University of Exeter| page = 29}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}33.2<ref name="Exeter Financial Statement 14/15">{{cite web | url = http://www.exeter.ac.uk/media/universityofexeter/financeservices/pdfs/Financial_Statements_2014-2015_s5.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2015 | accessdate = 2 January 2016 | publisher = University of Exeter| page = 6}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}30.3<ref name="Exeter Financial Statement 13/14">{{cite web | url = http://www.exeter.ac.uk/media/universityofexeter/financeservices/pdfs/Financial_Statements_2013-14.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2014 | accessdate = 9 April 2014 | publisher = University of Exeter| page = 6}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}29.1<ref name="Exeter Financial Statement 12/13">{{cite web | url = http://www.exeter.ac.uk/media/universityofexeter/financeservices/pdfs/Financial_statements_12-13.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2013 | accessdate = 9 April 2014 | publisher = University of Exeter| page = 30}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}23.5<ref name="Exeter Financial Statement 11/12">{{cite web | url = http://www.exeter.ac.uk/media/universityofexeter/financeservices/pdfs/2012Financial_Statements.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2012 | accessdate = 9 April 2014 | publisher = University of Exeter| page = 30}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}23.9<ref name="Exeter Financial Statement 10/11">{{cite web | url = http://issuu.com/universityofexeter/docs/2011financialstatements | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2011 | accessdate = 12 February 2014 | format = PDF | publisher = University of Exeter| page = 25}}</ref>
|-
| [[Cardiff University]]
| {{hs|£}}38.2<ref>https://www.cardiff.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/1738880/CU_AnnualReviewAccounts2018-19-English.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}34.5<ref name="Cardiff FS 2017/18">{{cite web | url = http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/1398524/CU_AnnualReviewAccounts-year-ending-31-July-2018.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2018 | accessdate = 19 January 2019 | publisher = Cardiff University| page = 14 }}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}33.1<ref name="Cardiff FS 2016/17">{{cite web | url = http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0011/1035011/CU_AnnualReviewAccounts2017web.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2017 | accessdate = 21 December 2017 | publisher = Cardiff University| page = 14 }}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}30.3<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0011/530030/Final_Financial_Statements_31_July_2016_9.12-1.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2016 | accessdate = 21 December 2016 | publisher = Cardiff University| page = 14 }}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}28.7<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/194707/Financial-statements-2014-15.pdf.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2015 | accessdate = 31 January 2016 | publisher = Cardiff University | page = 14 | url-status = dead | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20160207085838/http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/194707/Financial-statements-2014-15.pdf.pdf | archivedate = 7 February 2016 }}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}27.5<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/159171/Financial-statements-2013-14.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2014 | accessdate = 18 December 2014 | publisher = Cardiff University| page = 14 }}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}27.5<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/fince/resources/University_Accs_1213.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2013 | accessdate = 18 February 2014 | publisher = Cardiff University | page = 14 | url-status = dead | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140413125123/http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/fince/resources/University_Accs_1213.pdf | archivedate = 13 April 2014 }}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}25.1<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/fince/resources/English_Accs_1112.pdf |title=Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2013 |accessdate=18 February 2014 |publisher=Cardiff University |page=14 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130924073931/http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/fince/resources/English_Accs_1112.pdf |archivedate=24 September 2013 }}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}25.5<ref name="Cardiff Financial Statement 2010/11">{{cite web | url = http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0011/159878/Financial-statements-2010-11.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2011 | accessdate = 12 February 2014 | publisher = Cardiff University| page = 14}}</ref>
|-
| [[University of Strathclyde]]
|{{hs|£}}37.8<ref>https://www.strath.ac.uk/media/ps/finance/annualaccounts/Annual_Accounts_2018-19.pdf</ref>
|{{hs|£}}35.1<ref name="Strathclyde University 2017/18">{{cite web | url = https://www.strath.ac.uk/media/ps/finance/annualaccounts/Annual_Accounts_2017-18.pdf.pagespeed.ce.KjbpDAI7Sc.pdf| title = Financial Statements 2017-18 | accessdate = 19 January 2019 | publisher = Strathclyde University}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}33.1<ref name="Strathclyde University 2016/17">{{cite web | url = https://www.strath.ac.uk/media/ps/finance/annualaccounts/Annual_Accounts_2016-17.pdf.pagespeed.ce.Mv3FAv4n57.pdf| title = Financial Statements 2016-17 | accessdate = 11 January 2018 | publisher = Strathclyde University}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}30.9<ref name="Strathclyde University 2015/16">{{cite web | url = http://www.strath.ac.uk/media/ps/finance/annualaccounts/Annual_Accounts_2015-16.pdf | title = Financial Statements 2015–16 | accessdate = 21 December 2016 | publisher = Strathclyde University}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}28.9<ref name="Strathclyde University 2014/15">{{cite web | url = http://www.strath.ac.uk/media/ps/finance/annualaccounts/Annual_Accounts_2014-15.pdf | title = Financial Statements 2014–15 | accessdate = 12 December 2015 | publisher = Strathclyde University}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}27.0<ref name="Strathclyde University 2014/15"/>
| {{hs|£}}26.8<ref>http://www.strath.ac.uk/media/ps/finance/annualaccounts/Annual_Accounts_2012-13.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}23.7<ref>http://www.strath.ac.uk/media/ps/finance/annualaccounts/Financial_Statements_2012.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}23.3<ref name="Strathclyde 2010/11">http://www.strath.ac.uk/media/ps/finance/annualaccounts/Annual_Accounts_2010-11.pdf</ref>
|-
| [[Aberystwyth University]]
|{{hs|£}}36.6<ref>https://www.aber.ac.uk/en/media/departmental/corporateinformation/financialaccounts/AU-Financial-Statements-2018-19-English-31-01-20.pdf</ref>
|{{hs|£}}43.3<ref name="Aberystwyth Financial Statement 17/18">{{cite web | url = https://www.aber.ac.uk/en/media/departmental/finance/pdf/2017-18-Financial-Accounts-(Eng).pdf | accessdate = 24 December 2019 | publisher = Aberystwyth University| page = 23|title=Aberystwyth University}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}57.7<ref name="Aberystwyth Financial Statement 16/17">{{cite web | url = https://www.aber.ac.uk/en/media/departmental/finance/pdf/2016-17-Financial-Accounts-(Eng).pdf | accessdate = 12 January 2018 | publisher = Aberystwyth University| page = 23|title=Aberystwyth University}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}48.4<ref name="Aberystwyth Financial Statement 15/16">{{cite web | url = https://www.aber.ac.uk/en/media/departmental/finance/pdf/2015-16-Financial-Accounts-(Eng).pdf | accessdate = 23 January 2017 | publisher = Aberystwyth University| page = 23|title=Aberystwyth University}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}44.7<ref name="Aberystwyth Financial Statement 14/15">{{cite web | url = https://www.aber.ac.uk/en/media/departmental/finance/pdf/Accounts_2014_15.pdf | accessdate = 14 January 2016 | publisher = Aberystwyth University| page = 27|title=Aberystwyth University}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}43.0<ref name="Aberystwyth Financial Statement 13/14">{{cite web | url = https://www.aber.ac.uk/en/media/departmental/finance/pdf/2013-2014-Accounts.pdf | accessdate = 12 December 2015 | publisher = Aberystwyth University | page = 18 | title = Aberystwyth University | url-status = dead | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20150725211952/http://www.aber.ac.uk/en/media/departmental/finance/pdf/2013-2014-Accounts.pdf | archivedate = 25 July 2015 }}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}41.7<ref name="Aberystwyth Financial Statement 12/13">{{cite web|url=http://www.aber.ac.uk/en/media/departmental/finance/pdf/financial-statements-for-the-year-ending-31-july-2013.pdf |accessdate=9 April 2014 |publisher=Aberystwyth University |page=18 |title=Aberystwyth University |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413045452/http://www.aber.ac.uk/en/media/departmental/finance/pdf/financial-statements-for-the-year-ending-31-july-2013.pdf |archivedate=13 April 2014 }}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}38.0<ref name="Aberystwyth Financial Statement 11/12">{{cite web|url=http://www.aber.ac.uk/en/media/departmental/finance/pdf/financial-statements-for-the-year-ending-31-july-2013.pdf |accessdate=9 April 2014 |publisher=Aberystwyth University |page=19 |title=Aberystwyth University |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413045452/http://www.aber.ac.uk/en/media/departmental/finance/pdf/financial-statements-for-the-year-ending-31-july-2013.pdf |archivedate=13 April 2014 }}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}37.0<ref name="Aberystwyth Financial Statement 10/11">{{cite web | url = http://www.aber.ac.uk/en/media/departmental/finance/pdf/2010-11.pdf | accessdate = 12 February 2014 | publisher = Aberystwyth University | page = 15 | title = Aberystwyth University | url-status = dead | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140222045745/http://www.aber.ac.uk/en/media/departmental/finance/pdf/2010-11.pdf | archivedate = 22 February 2014 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Queen Mary University of London]]
| {{hs|£}}33.4<ref>http://www.finance.qmul.ac.uk/media/finance/financialstatements/QMUL-2018-19-Financial-Statements.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}34.1<ref name="QMUL 2017-18">{{cite web| url = http://www.finance.qmul.ac.uk/media/finance/financialstatements/Financial-statements-2017-18-FINAL.PDF| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2018| accessdate = 2 December 2018| publisher = Queen Mary, University of London| page = 28}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}34.3<ref name="QMUL 2016-17">{{cite web| url = http://www.finance.qmul.ac.uk/docs/200929.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2017| accessdate = 5 December 2017| publisher = Queen Mary, University of London| page = 28| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171205093125/http://www.finance.qmul.ac.uk/docs/200929.pdf| archive-date = 5 December 2017| url-status = dead| df = dmy-all}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}34.7<ref name="Queen Mary, University of London 2015-16">{{cite web | url = http://www.finance.qmul.ac.uk/docs/190171.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2016 | accessdate = 3 December 2016 | publisher = Queen Mary, University of London| page = 28}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}35.1<ref name="Queen Mary, University of London 2014-15">{{cite web | url = http://www.finance.qmul.ac.uk/docs/168636.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2015 | accessdate = 12 December 2015 | publisher = Queen Mary, University of London| page = 22}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}32.8<ref name="Queen Mary, University of London 2014-15"/>
| {{hs|£}}34.1<ref name="Queen Mary, University of London">{{cite web | url = http://www.finance.qmul.ac.uk/docs/118808.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2013 | accessdate = 9 April 2014 | publisher = Queen Mary, University of London| page = 19}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}30.8<ref name="Queen Mary, University of London"/>
| {{hs|£}}33.6<ref name="QMUL 2010-11">{{cite web | url = http://www.finance.qmul.ac.uk/docs/63516.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2011 | accessdate = 5 February 2012 | publisher = Queen Mary, University of London| page = 15}}</ref>
|-
| [[University of Dundee]]
| {{hs|£}}31.3<ref>https://www.dundee.ac.uk/media/dundeewebsite/finance/documents/financialstatements/Financial%20Statements_2018-19.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}29.6<ref name="Dundee Financial Statement 17/18">{{cite web|url=https://www.dundee.ac.uk/media/dundeewebsite/finance/documents/financialstatements/Financial_Statements_2017-18.pdf|title=Financial Statement 2017-18|website=University of Dundee|access-date=28 November 2018}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}28.3<ref name="Dundee Financial Statement 16/17">{{cite web | url = https://www.dundee.ac.uk/media/dundeewebsite/finance/documents/financialstatements/july-2017.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2017 | accessdate = 21 December 2017 | publisher = University of Dundee}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}25.8<ref name="Dundee Financial Statement 15/16">{{cite web | url = https://www.dundee.ac.uk/media/dundeewebsite/finance/documents/financialstatements/july-2016.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2016 | accessdate = 2 March 2017 | publisher = University of Dundee| page = 55}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}25.0<ref name="Dundee Financial Statement 14/15">{{cite web | url = http://www.dundee.ac.uk/finance/doc/financial_statement/july_2015.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2015 | accessdate = 25 January 2016 | publisher = University of Dundee | page = 32 | url-status = dead | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20160201150948/http://www.dundee.ac.uk/finance/doc/financial_statement/july_2015.pdf | archivedate = 1 February 2016 }}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}24.0<ref name="Dundee Financial Statement 14/15"/>
| {{hs|£}}23.1<ref name="Dundee Financial Statement 12/13">{{cite web | url = http://www.dundee.ac.uk/finance/doc/financial_statement/july_2013.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2013 | accessdate = 9 April 2014 | publisher = University of Dundee | page = 32 | url-status = dead | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140413110020/http://www.dundee.ac.uk/finance/doc/financial_statement/july_2013.pdf | archivedate = 13 April 2014 }}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}20.9<ref name="Dundee Financial Statement 11/12">{{cite web | url = http://www.dundee.ac.uk/finance/doc/financial_statement/july_2012.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2012 | accessdate = 9 April 2014 | publisher = University of Dundee | page = 28 | url-status = dead | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140413110041/http://www.dundee.ac.uk/finance/doc/financial_statement/july_2012.pdf | archivedate = 13 April 2014 }}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}20.3<ref name="Dundee Financial Statement 10/11">{{cite web | url = http://www.dundee.ac.uk/finance/doc/financial_statement/july_2011.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2011 | accessdate = 9 April 2014 | publisher = University of Dundee | page = 28 | url-status = dead | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140413125326/http://www.dundee.ac.uk/finance/doc/financial_statement/july_2011.pdf | archivedate = 13 April 2014 }}</ref>
|}

==Endowments from £2.5 million to £25 million==

{| class="sortable wikitable"
|-
! University
! Endowment as of 2019 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2018 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2017 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2016 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2015 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2014 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2013 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2012 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2011 (£m)
|-
| [[University of Leicester]]
| {{hs|£}}21.0<ref name=Leicester2019>{{cite web|url=https://le.ac.uk/~/media/uol/docs/publications/financial-statements/financial-statements-1819.pdf|title=Annual report and accounts 2018-19|publisher=University of Leicester|accessdate= 6 January 2020}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}20.6<ref name=Leicester2019>{{cite web|url=https://le.ac.uk/~/media/uol/docs/publications/financial-statements/financial-statements-1819.pdf|title=Annual report and accounts 2018-19|publisher=University of Leicester|accessdate= 6 January 2020}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}17.7<ref name=Leicester2017>{{cite web|url=https://www2.le.ac.uk/offices/finance/documents/Fin%20Statements/FinancialStatements201617.pdf|title=Annual report and accounts 2016-17|publisher=University of Leicester|accessdate= 11 December 2017}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}14.0<ref name="Leicester Financial Statement 15/16">{{cite web | url = http://www2.le.ac.uk/offices/finance/documents/Fin%20Statements/financial-statements-2015-16| title = Financial Statements 2015–2016 | accessdate = 22 January 2017 | format = PDF | publisher = Leicester University| page = 29}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}13.1<ref name="Leicester Financial Statement 14/15">{{cite web | url = http://www2.le.ac.uk/offices/finance/documents/Fin%20Statements/financial-statements-2014-15| title = Financial Statements 2014–2015 | accessdate = 12 July 2016 | format = PDF | publisher = Leicester University| page = 23}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}12.2<ref name="Leicester Financial Statement 14/15">{{cite web | url = http://www2.le.ac.uk/offices/finance/documents/Fin%20Statements/financial-statements-2014-15| title = Financial Statements 2014–2015 | accessdate = 12 July 2016 | format = PDF | publisher = Leicester University| page = 23}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}11.8<ref name="www2.le.ac.uk">http://www2.le.ac.uk/offices/finance/documents/Fin%20Statements/financial-statements-2012-13</ref>
| {{hs|£}}7.03<ref name="www2.le.ac.uk"/>
| {{hs|£}}6.83<ref>http://www2.le.ac.uk/offices/finance/documents/Fin%20Statements/Financial_Statements_12.pdf</ref>
|-
| [[University of Reading]]
|{{hs|£}}17.5<ref>http://www.reading.ac.uk/web/files/finance/2018-19_University_Financial_Statements.pdf</ref>
|{{hs|£}}14.7<ref>http://www.reading.ac.uk/web/files/finance/2018-19_University_Financial_Statements.pdf</ref>
|{{hs|£}}14.0<ref name="Reading Financial Statement 16/17">{{cite web | url = http://www.reading.ac.uk/web/files/finance/UoR_financial_statements_2016-17.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2017 | accessdate = 11 December 2017| publisher = University of Reading| page = 34}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}14.8<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.reading.ac.uk/web/files/finance/Financial-Statement-2016.pdf|title=Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2016|publisher=University of Reading|accessdate=22 January 2017}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}13.9<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.reading.ac.uk/web/FILES/finance/Accounts_UoR_14-15.pdf|title=Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2015|publisher=University of Reading|accessdate=10 December 2015}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}12.6<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.reading.ac.uk/web/FILES/finance/Accounts_UoR_13-14.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2014 | accessdate = 31 December 2014 | publisher = University of Reading| page = 33}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}11.6<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.reading.ac.uk/web/FILES/finance/Accounts_UoR_12-13.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2013 | accessdate = 27 March 2014 | publisher = University of Reading| page = 52}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}9.5<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.reading.ac.uk/web/FILES/finance/2011-2012_accounts.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2012 | accessdate = 27 March 2014 | publisher = University of Reading| page = 37}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}9.0<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.reading.ac.uk/web/FILES/finance/Accounts2011.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2011 | accessdate = 13 February 2014 | publisher = University of Reading| page = 39}}</ref>
|-
| [[University of Hull]]
| {{hs|£}}15.2<ref>https://www.hull.ac.uk/choose-hull/university-and-region/key-documents/docs/annual-report-and-statement-of-accounts-2018-19.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}14.6<ref>https://www.hull.ac.uk/choose-hull/university-and-region/key-documents/docs/annual-report-and-statement-of-accounts-2018-19.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}14.4<ref>http://www2.hull.ac.uk/Choose-Hull/University-and-region/Key-documents/docs/Accounts-for-publication-2017.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}18.8<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www2.hull.ac.uk/pdf/Statement%20of%20Accounts%202015-16%20(Unsigned).pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=23 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202050604/http://www2.hull.ac.uk/pdf/Statement%20of%20Accounts%202015-16%20(Unsigned).pdf |archive-date=2 February 2017 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}12.7<ref name="Hull University Accounts 14/15"/>
| {{hs|£}}12.5<ref name="Hull University Accounts 14/15">{{cite web |url=http://www2.hull.ac.uk/pdf/Statement%20of%20Accounts%202015.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=12 July 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160422145505/http://www2.hull.ac.uk/pdf/Statement%20of%20Accounts%202015.pdf |archive-date=22 April 2016 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}12.5<ref name="www2.hull.ac.uk">{{cite web |url=http://www2.hull.ac.uk/pdf/Statement_of_Accounts_2013.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=9 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413143124/http://www2.hull.ac.uk/pdf/Statement_of_Accounts_2013.pdf |archive-date=13 April 2014 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}11.9<ref name="www2.hull.ac.uk"/>
| {{hs|£}}11.7<ref name="hull.ac.uk">{{cite web |url=http://www2.hull.ac.uk/pdf/University%20of%20Hull%20Statement%20of%20Accounts%202010-11.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=9 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131030042507/http://www2.hull.ac.uk/pdf/University%20of%20Hull%20Statement%20of%20Accounts%202010-11.pdf |archive-date=30 October 2013 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
|-
|[[Lancaster University]]
| {{hs|£}}13.9<ref>https://www.lancaster.ac.uk/depts/finance/2019%20Lancaster%20University%20Annual%20Accounts.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}6.0<ref>https://www.lancaster.ac.uk/depts/finance/2019%20Lancaster%20University%20Annual%20Accounts.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}5.9<ref name="Lancaster Financial Statement 16/17">{{cite web | url = http://www.lancaster.ac.uk/depts/finance/2017%20Lancaster%20University%20Annual%20Accounts.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2017 | accessdate = 11 December 2017| publisher = Lancaster University| page = 24}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}5.6<ref>http://www.lancaster.ac.uk/media/lancaster-university/content-assets/documents/annual-review/2016-Lancaster-University-Annual-Accounts.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}5.4<ref>http://www.lancaster.ac.uk/depts/finance/2015%20Lancaster%20University%20Annual%20Accounts%202015%20web.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}5.5<ref>http://www.lancaster.ac.uk/depts/finance/2014%20%20Lancaster%20University%20Annual%20Accounts.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}5.7<ref name="lancaster.ac.uk">http://www.lancaster.ac.uk/depts/finance/LU%20-%20Accounts%20%282013%29%20FINAL.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}5.5<ref name="lancaster.ac.uk"/>
| {{hs|£}}6.0<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lancaster.ac.uk/press/pdf/archive/ar11.pdf |title=Layout 1 |date= |accessdate=2019-09-27}}</ref>
|-
| [[University of Sussex]]
| {{hs|£}}13.6<ref>https://www.sussex.ac.uk/webteam/gateway/file.php?name=4551-financial-statements-2019-signed-web.pdf&site=262</ref>
| {{hs|£}}11.6<ref>https://www.sussex.ac.uk/webteam/gateway/file.php?name=4551-financial-statements-2019-signed-web.pdf&site=262</ref>
| {{hs|£}}11.0<ref name="Sussex Financial Statement 16/17">{{cite web | url = https://www.sussex.ac.uk/webteam/gateway/file.php?name=3998-financial-statements-2016-17-final-web.pdf&site=262| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2017 | accessdate = 11 December 2017| format = PDF | publisher = University of Sussex| page = 27}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}10.1<ref name="Sussex Financial Statement 15/16">{{cite web | url = https://www.sussex.ac.uk/webteam/gateway/file.php?name=financial-statements-2015-16.pdf&site=262 | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2016 | accessdate = 22 January 2017 | format = PDF | publisher = University of Sussex| page = 18}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}9.4<ref name="Sussex Financial Statement 14/15">{{cite web | url = https://www.sussex.ac.uk/webteam/gateway/file.php?name=financial-statements-2014-15-high-res-copy.pdf&site=262 | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2015 | accessdate = 12 July 2016 | format = PDF | publisher = University of Sussex| page = 18}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}9.1<ref name="Sussex Financial Statement 14/15">{{cite web | url = https://www.sussex.ac.uk/webteam/gateway/file.php?name=financial-statements-2014-15-high-res-copy.pdf&site=262 | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2015 | accessdate = 12 July 2016 | format = PDF | publisher = University of Sussex| page = 18}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}8.3<ref name="Sussex Financial Statement 12/13">{{cite web | url = https://www.sussex.ac.uk/webteam/gateway/file.php?name=financial-statement-2010---2011.pdf&site=262 | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2013 | accessdate = 9 April 2014 | format = PDF | publisher = University of Sussex| page = 17}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}7.0<ref name="Sussex Financial Statement 11/12">{{cite web | url = https://www.sussex.ac.uk/webteam/gateway/file.php?name=financial-statement-2010---2011.pdf&site=262 | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2013 | accessdate = 9 April 2014 | format = PDF | publisher = University of Sussex| page = 17}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}6.5<ref name="Sussex Financial Statement 10/11">{{cite web | url = https://www.sussex.ac.uk/webteam/gateway/file.php?name=financial-statement-2010---2011.pdf&site=262 | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2011 | accessdate = 13 February 2014 | format = PDF | publisher = University of Sussex| page = 15}}</ref>
|-
| [[University of Southampton]]
| {{hs|£}}13.0<ref>https://www.southampton.ac.uk/~assets/doc/finance/financial-statements-2018%20-19.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}13.1<ref>https://www.southampton.ac.uk/~assets/doc/finance/financial-statements-2018%20-19.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}12.9<ref name="University of Southampton 2017">{{cite web | title=Southampton Financial Statement 2017 |url = http://www.southampton.ac.uk/assets/sharepoint/groupsite/Administration/SitePublisher-document-store/Documents/Financial%20Statements%201617.pdf| publisher = University of Southampton| page = 27}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}12.5<ref name="University of Southampton 2016">{{cite web | title=Southampton Financial Statement 2016 |url = http://www.southampton.ac.uk/assets/sharepoint/groupsite/Administration/SitePublisher-document-store/Documents/Financial%20Statements%202015-16.pdf| publisher = University of Southampton| page = 27}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}12.5<ref name="University of Southampton 2015">{{cite web | title=Southampton Financial Statement 2015 |url = https://www.southampton.ac.uk/assets/sharepoint/groupsite/Administration/SitePublisher-document-store/Documents/financial-statements-201415.pdf| publisher = University of Southampton| page = 27}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}12.1<ref name="University of Southampton 2015"/>
| {{hs|£}}11.8<ref name="University of Southampton 2013">{{cite web| title = Southampton Financial Statement 2013| url = http://www.southampton.ac.uk/finance/central/FS2013.pdf| publisher = University of Southampton| page = 24| url-status = dead| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140413143441/http://www.southampton.ac.uk/finance/central/FS2013.pdf| archivedate = 13 April 2014}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}10.0<ref name="University of Southampton 2012">{{cite web | title=Southampton Financial Statement 2012 |url = http://www.southampton.ac.uk/finance/central/FS2012.pdf | publisher = University of Southampton| page = 21}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}9.8<ref name="University of Southampton 2012"/>
|-
| [[Ulster University]]
|
|
| {{hs|£}}9.0<ref name="Ulster University Financial Summary July 2017">{{cite web | url = https://www.ulster.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/240004/Financial-Statements-201617-spreads.pdf | title = Ulster University Finance Statement 2017 |accessdate = 4 January 2018 | publisher = Ulster University| page = 26}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}7.4<ref name="Ulster University Financial Summary July 2016">{{cite web | url = http://www.ulster.ac.uk/finance/statements/2016/2016.pdf | title = Ulster University Finance Statement 2016 |accessdate = 24 January 2017 | publisher = Ulster University| page = 26}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}7.0<ref name="Ulster University Financial Summary July 2015">{{cite web | url = http://www.ulster.ac.uk/finance/statements/2015/2015.pdf#page=41?x=timestamp | title = Ulster University Finance Statement 2015 |accessdate = 12 July 2016 | format = PDF | publisher = Ulster University| page = 38}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}6.5<ref name="Ulster University Financial Summary July 2014">{{cite web | url = http://www.ulster.ac.uk/finance/statements/2014/2014.pdf | title = Ulster University Finance Statement 2014 |accessdate = 30 December 2014 | publisher = Ulster University| page = 30/33}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}4.8<ref name="Ulster University Financial Summary July 2013">{{cite web | url = http://www.ulster.ac.uk/finance/statements/2013/2013.pdf | title = Ulster University Finance Statement 2013 |accessdate = 30 November 2014 | publisher = Ulster University| page = 28/30}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}4.3<ref name="Ulster University Financial Summary July 2012">{{cite web | url = http://www.ulster.ac.uk/finance/statements/2012/2012.pdf | title = Ulster University Finance Statement 2012 |accessdate = 30 December 2014 | publisher = Ulster University| page = 25/29}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}4.4<ref name="Ulster University Financial Summary July 2011">{{cite web | url = http://www.ulster.ac.uk/finance/statements/2011/2011.pdf | title = Ulster University Finance Statement 2011 |accessdate = 30 December 2014 | publisher = Ulster University| page = 21/25}}</ref>
|-
| [[Heriot-Watt University]]
|
|
| {{hs|£}}8.9<ref name="Heriot-Watt 2017">{{cite web | title = Annual Accounts 2017| url = https://www.hw.ac.uk/services/docs/annual-accounts-2017.pdf| publisher = Heriot-Watt University | accessdate = 8 August 2018}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}8.3<ref name="Heriot-Watt 2016">{{cite web | title = Annual Accounts 2016| url = https://www.hw.ac.uk/services/docs/annual-accounts-2016.pdf| publisher = Heriot-Watt University | accessdate = 4 March 2017}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}9.5<ref name="Heriot-Watt 2015">{{cite web | title = Annual Accounts 2015| url = https://www.hw.ac.uk/documents/annual-accounts-2015.pdf| publisher = Heriot-Watt University | accessdate = 12 July 2016}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}8.5<ref name="Heriot-Watt 2014">{{cite web | title = Annual Accounts 2015| url = https://www.hw.ac.uk/documents/annual-accounts-2015.pdf| publisher = Heriot-Watt University | accessdate = 12 July 2015}}</ref>
|
|
|
|-
| [[University of East Anglia]]
| {{hs|£}}9.0<ref>https://portal.uea.ac.uk/documents/6207125/7082556/1819+Fin+Statements+FINAL.pdf/248cacdc-40b3-f4c1-145c-c77e075ca224</ref>
| {{hs|£}}8.2<ref>https://portal.uea.ac.uk/documents/6207125/7082556/1819+Fin+Statements+FINAL.pdf/248cacdc-40b3-f4c1-145c-c77e075ca224</ref>
| {{hs|£}}7.7<ref name="UEA Financial Statement 16/17">{{cite web | url = https://portal.uea.ac.uk/documents/6207125/7082556/2016+17+Financial+Statements+.pdf/8af63bc8-61eb-ce70-fb4a-b25b52284de2| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2017 | accessdate = 13 December 2017| format = PDF | publisher = University of East Anglia| page = 18}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}7.3<ref>{{cite web|title=Financial Statements 2015–2016|url=https://portal.uea.ac.uk/documents/6207125/7082556/201516+Financial+Accounts_1.pdf/94c9636b-7e4c-4927-bfae-38032765c360|publisher=University of East Anglia|accessdate=22 January 2017}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}7.3<ref>{{cite web|title=Financial Statements 2014–2015|url=https://portal.uea.ac.uk/documents/6207125/7082556/FinStats1415_Signed_2.pdf/44c7665a-2e5b-46ef-86c8-cadeb16c07c3|publisher=University of East Anglia|accessdate=12 July 2016}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}7.6<ref>{{cite web|title=Financial Statements 2013–2014|url=https://portal.uea.ac.uk/documents/6207125/7082556/FinStatement1314_Final5.pdf/14392128-7061-4a44-ba67-f04ff24a3aaa|publisher=University of East Anglia|accessdate=7 January 2015}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}6.2<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.uea.ac.uk/fin/2012_13+Financial+Statements | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2013 | accessdate = 18 February 2014 | format = PDF | publisher = University of East Anglia}}</ref>
|
|{{hs|£}}6.3<ref name="East Anglia Financial Statement 10/11">{{cite web | url = http://www.uea.ac.uk/fin/2010_2011+Financial+Statements | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2011 | accessdate = 11 November 2012 | format = PDF | publisher = University of East Anglia}}</ref>
|-
| [[Birkbeck, University of London]]
| {{hs|£}}8.4<ref>http://www.bbk.ac.uk/fin/reporting/financial_statements/finstats19</ref>
| {{hs|£}}8.2<ref>http://www.bbk.ac.uk/fin/reporting/financial_statements/finstats19</ref>
| {{hs|£}}7.4<ref name="bbk.ac.uk3">http://www.bbk.ac.uk/fin/reporting/financial_statements/finstats17</ref>
| {{hs|£}}6.4<ref name="bbk.ac.uk2">http://www.bbk.ac.uk/fin/reporting/financial_statements/finstats16</ref>
| {{hs|£}}5.6<ref name="bbk.ac.uk1">http://www.bbk.ac.uk/fin/reporting/financial_statements/finstats15</ref>
| {{hs|£}}4.3<ref name="bbk.ac.uk1"/>
| {{hs|£}}3.9<ref>http://www.bbk.ac.uk/fin/reporting/financial_statements/finstats13</ref>
|
| {{hs|£}}3.4<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbk.ac.uk/about-us/downloads/bbk30.pdf|title=BBK magazine annual review — Birkbeck, University of London|author=|date=|website=www.bbk.ac.uk|accessdate=21 April 2018}}</ref>
|-
| [[Birmingham City University]]
| {{hs|£}}8.1<ref>https://bcuassets.blob.core.windows.net/docs/CSU_2019_216%20Annual%20Accounts_V22_web_6.12.19.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}6.6<ref>https://bcuassets.blob.core.windows.net/docs/CSU_2019_216%20Annual%20Accounts_V22_web_6.12.19.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}6.2<ref name="bcu.ac.uk">https://www.bcu.ac.uk/Download/Asset/67b269c5-2af5-e711-818a-005056831842</ref>
| {{hs|£}}5.7<ref name="bcu.ac.uk2">http://www.bcu.ac.uk/Download/Asset/eee2dd9f-50de-e611-80c9-0050568319fd</ref>
| {{hs|£}}5.3<ref name="bcu.ac.uk3">http://www.bcu.ac.uk/Download/Asset/aee1f895-c29d-e511-80ce-005056831842</ref>
| {{hs|£}}4.9<ref name="bcu.ac.uk"/>
| {{hs|£}}4.56<ref>Report of the Board of Governors and Audited Accounts 2012–13; Birmingham City University, p. 18.</ref>
|
|
|-
| [[University of York]]
| {{hs|£}}7.1<ref>https://www.york.ac.uk/media/staffhome/marketing/corporatepublications/annual-report-2019.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}6.9<ref>https://www.york.ac.uk/media/staffhome/marketing/corporatepublications/annual-report-2019.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}7.7<ref name="York 2017">{{cite web|title=Annual Report and Financial Statements|url=https://www.york.ac.uk/media/communications/corporatepublications/University%20of%20York%20Annual%20Report%202017%20FINAL.pdf|publisher=University of York|accessdate=5 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171206140029/https://www.york.ac.uk/media/communications/corporatepublications/University%20of%20York%20Annual%20Report%202017%20FINAL.pdf|archive-date=6 December 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}7.1<ref name="York 2016">{{cite web|title=Annual Report and Financial Statements|url=http://www.york.ac.uk/media/communications/corporatepublications/15_181_UOY-York-Annual-Report-2015.pdf|publisher=University of York|accessdate=22 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201081830/https://www.york.ac.uk/media/communications/corporatepublications/15_181_UOY-York-Annual-Report-2015.pdf|archive-date=1 December 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}10.3<ref name="York 2015">{{cite web|title=Annual Report and Financial Statements|url=http://www.york.ac.uk/media/communications/corporatepublications/15_181_UOY-York-Annual-Report-2015.pdf|publisher=University of York|accessdate=18 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222075153/http://www.york.ac.uk/media/communications/corporatepublications/15_181_UOY-York-Annual-Report-2015.pdf|archive-date=22 December 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}8.4<ref name="York 2015"/>
| {{hs|£}}7.8<ref name="University of York">{{cite web | url = https://www.york.ac.uk/media/communications/corporatepublications/2013AnnualReport.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2013 | accessdate = 9 April 2014 | publisher = University of York | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140413143638/https://www.york.ac.uk/media/communications/corporatepublications/2013AnnualReport.pdf | archive-date = 13 April 2014 | url-status = dead }}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}7.2<ref name="University of York"/>
| {{hs|£}}10.6<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.york.ac.uk/media/communications/corporatepublications/York_Annual_Report_2011.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2011 | accessdate = 13 February 2014 | publisher = University of York | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140222235310/https://www.york.ac.uk/media/communications/corporatepublications/York_Annual_Report_2011.pdf | archive-date = 22 February 2014 | url-status = dead }}</ref>
|-
| [[University of Bath]]
| {{hs|£}}7.1<ref name="Bath Financial Statement 18/19">{{cite web | url = https://www.bath.ac.uk/publications/financial-statements-and-annual-reports/attachments/annual-report-and-accounts-2018-19.pdf| title = Financial Statement 2018-19 | accessdate = 6 January 2020| publisher = University of Bath}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}6.9<<ref name="Bath Financial Statement 18/19">{{cite web | url = https://www.bath.ac.uk/publications/financial-statements-and-annual-reports/attachments/annual-report-and-accounts-2018-19.pdf| title = Financial Statement 2018-19 | accessdate = 6 January 2020| publisher = University of Bath}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}6.0<ref name="Bath Financial Statement 16/17">{{cite web | url = http://www.bath.ac.uk/finance-procurement/docs/accounts-2016-17.pdf| title = Financial Statement 2016-17 | accessdate = 21 December 2017| publisher = University of Bath}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}5.2<ref>http://www.bath.ac.uk/finance-procurement/docs/accounts-2015-16.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}5.1<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bath.ac.uk/finance-procurement/docs/accounts-2014-15.pdf |title=Financial statements2015version 3.indd |date= |accessdate=2019-09-27}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}4.8<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bath.ac.uk/finance-procurement/docs/financial-statement-of-accounts-nov2014-4-4.pdf |title=Accounts 2013–14 |date= |accessdate=2019-09-27}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}4.6<ref name="Accounts 2012-13">{{cite web|url=http://www.bath.ac.uk/finance/statements/accounts-2012-13.pdf|title=Financial statements – Finance & Procurement – University of Bath|last=web-support@bath.ac.uk}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}4.4<ref name="Accounts 2012-13"/>
| {{hs|£}}4.4<ref>[http://www.bath.ac.uk/about/pdfs/accounts-2011-12.pdf Accounts 2011–12] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130517230504/http://www.bath.ac.uk/about/pdfs/accounts-2011-12.pdf |date=17 May 2013 }}</ref>
|-
| [[University of Wales Trinity Saint David]]
|
|
| {{hs|£}}6.8<ref name="University of Wales, Trinity St David 2017">{{cite web | url = https://www.uwtsd.ac.uk/media/uwtsd-website/content-assets/documents/finance/consolidated-financial-statements2017.pdf | title = Consolidated Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2017 | accessdate = 8 August 2018 | publisher = University of Wales, Trinity St David| page = 29}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}9.2<ref name="University of Wales, Trinity St David 2016">{{cite web | url = http://www.uwtsd.ac.uk/media/uwtsd-website/content-assets/documents/finance/consolidated-financial-statements-31-july-2016.pdf | title = Consolidated Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2016 | accessdate = 22 January 2017 | publisher = University of Wales, Trinity St David| page = 27}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}8.8<ref name="University of Wales, Trinity St David 2014">{{cite web | url = http://www.uwtsd.ac.uk/media/uwtsd-website/content-assets/documents/finance/Accounts---Consolidated.pdf | title = Consolidated Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2015 | accessdate = 12 July 2016 | publisher = University of Wales, Trinity St David| page = 25}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}8.8<ref name="University of Wales, Trinity St David 2014"/>
| {{hs|£}}8.4<ref name="University of Wales, Trinity St David">{{cite web | url = http://www.uwtsd.ac.uk/media/uwtsd-website/content-assets/documents/finance/UWTSD-financial-statement2013.pdf | title = Consolidated Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2013 | accessdate = 4 November 2014 | publisher = University of Wales, Trinity St David| page = 19}}</ref>
|
|
|-
| [[University of Essex]]
|{{hs|£}}6.9<ref name="Essex 2019">https://www.essex.ac.uk/-/media/documents/about/financial-statements/financial-statements-2018-19.pdf</ref>
|{{hs|£}}6.4<ref name="Essex 2019">https://www.essex.ac.uk/-/media/documents/about/financial-statements/financial-statements-2018-19.pdf</ref>
|{{hs|£}}6.5<ref name="Essex 2017">https://www.essex.ac.uk/-/media/documents/about/financial-statements/financial-statements-2016-17.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}5.8<ref name="Essex 2016">{{cite web |url=http://www.essex.ac.uk/about/university/documents/financial-statements-2015-16.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=23 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202013630/http://www.essex.ac.uk/about/university/documents/financial-statements-2015-16.pdf |archive-date=2 February 2017 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}6.9<ref name="Essex 2015">{{cite web |url=http://www.essex.ac.uk/about/university/documents/financial-statements-2014-2015.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2016-07-12 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816073614/http://www.essex.ac.uk/about/university/documents/financial-statements-2014-2015.pdf |archivedate=16 August 2016 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}6.2<ref name="Essex 2015"/>
| {{hs|£}}6.0<ref name="essex.ac.uk">{{cite web |url=https://www.essex.ac.uk/finance/documents/financial_statements_2013.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=9 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413124933/https://www.essex.ac.uk/finance/documents/financial_statements_2013.pdf |archive-date=13 April 2014 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}5.2<ref name="essex.ac.uk"/>
| {{hs|£}}5.1<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.essex.ac.uk/review/pdfs/Annual_Review_10-11.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=23 October 2012 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130402214319/http://www.essex.ac.uk/review/pdfs/Annual_Review_10-11.pdf |archivedate=2 April 2013 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Swansea University]]
| {{hs|£}}6.7<ref>https://www.swansea.ac.uk/media/Operating-and-Financial-Review-2018-19.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}6.4<ref>https://www.swansea.ac.uk/media/Operating-and-Financial-Review-2018-19.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}6.1<ref name="Swansea Financial Statement 16/17">{{cite web | url = http://www.swansea.ac.uk/media/5367%20-%20OFR%202016-17%20Eng%20Full%20Proof%20[27.11.17]%20FINAL.pdf| title = Operating and Financial Review and Financial Statements 2016–2017 | accessdate = 4 January 2018 | publisher = Swansea University| page = 36}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}5.8<ref name="Swansea Financial Statement 15/16">{{cite web| url = http://www.swansea.ac.uk/media/Operating%20and%20Financial%20Review%20and%20Financial%20Statements%202015-16.pdf| title = Operating and Financial Review and Financial Statements 2015–2016| accessdate = 22 January 2017| publisher = Swansea University| page = 36| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170202012218/http://www.swansea.ac.uk/media/Operating%20and%20Financial%20Review%20and%20Financial%20Statements%202015-16.pdf| archive-date = 2 February 2017| url-status = dead}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}5.7<ref name="Swansea Financial Statement 14/15">{{cite web | url = http://www.swansea.ac.uk/media/OFR%202015%20ENG%20FINAL.pdf| title = Operating and Financial Review and Financial Statements 2014–2015 | accessdate = 12 July 2016 | publisher = Swansea University| page = 35}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}8.6<ref name="Swansea Financial Statement 14/15">{{cite web | url = http://www.swansea.ac.uk/media/OFR%202015%20ENG%20FINAL.pdf| title = Operating and Financial Review and Financial Statements 2014–2015 | accessdate = 12 July 2016 | publisher = Swansea University| page = 35}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}8.6<ref name="Swansea Financial Statement 12/13">{{cite web | url = http://www.swan.ac.uk/media/English%20OFR%20-%202010-11%20Final.pdf| title = Operating and Financial Review and Financial Statements 2012–2013 | accessdate = 9 April 2014 | publisher = Swansea University| page = 34}}</ref>
|
| {{hs|£}}8.3<ref name="Swansea Financial Statement 10/11">{{cite web | url = http://www.swan.ac.uk/media/English%20OFR%20-%202010-11%20Final.pdf| title = Operating and Financial Review and Financial Statements 2010–2011 | accessdate = 7 April 2012 | publisher = Swansea University| page = 31}}</ref>
|-
| [[University of Kent]]
|
|
| {{hs|£}}5.5<ref>https://www.kent.ac.uk/finance/about/accounts/accounts20162017.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}5.2<ref>https://www.kent.ac.uk/finance/about/accounts/accounts20152016.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}5.9<ref>https://www.kent.ac.uk/finance/about/accounts/accounts20142015.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}5.9<ref>https://www.kent.ac.uk/finance/about/accounts/accounts20132014.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}6.3<ref>http://www.kent.ac.uk/finance/about/accounts/accounts20122013.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}6.0<ref>http://www.kent.ac.uk/finance/about/accounts/accounts20112012.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}10.1<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kent.ac.uk/finance/about/accounts/accounts20102011.pdf |title=Microsoft Word - UoK 2011 231111.doc |date= |accessdate=2019-09-27}}</ref>
|-
| [[City University, London|City University]], London
| {{hs|£}}5.7<ref>https://www.city.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/503790/Annual-report-and-financial-statements-2018-19.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}5.5<ref>https://www.city.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/503790/Annual-report-and-financial-statements-2018-19.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}5.2<ref name="City Financial Statement 16/17">{{cite web | url = https://www.city.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/386869/City-University-Financial-Statements-2016-17.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2017 | accessdate = 11 January 2017| publisher = City, University of London}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}5.1<ref name="City University Financial Statement 15/16">{{cite web | url = http://www.city.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0016/340270/City-University-of-London-financial-statements-2015-16.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2016 | accessdate = 22 January 2017 | publisher = City University, London| page = 22}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}12.6<ref name="City University Financial Statement 14/15">{{cite web | url = http://www.city.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/299924/City-University-London-Financial-Statements-2014-15.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2015 | accessdate = 12 July 2016 | publisher = City University, London| page = 21}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}11.7<ref name="City University Financial Statement 14/15">{{cite web | url = http://www.city.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/299924/City-University-London-Financial-Statements-2014-15.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2015 | accessdate = 12 July 2016 | publisher = City University, London| page = 21}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}8.9<ref name="City University Financial Statement 12/13">{{cite web | url = http://www.city.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/204738/City-University-London-Financial-Statements-2012-13.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2013 | accessdate = 9 April 2014 | publisher = City University, London| page = 19}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}7.9<ref name="City University Financial Statement 11/12">{{cite web | url = http://www.city.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/204738/City-University-London-Financial-Statements-2012-13.pdf| title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2013 | accessdate = 9 April 2014 | publisher = City University, London| page = 19}}</ref>
|
|-
| [[University of Warwick]]
|
|
| {{hs|£}}4.8<ref name="Warwick 2017">{{cite web|url=https://warwick.ac.uk/services/finance/resources/accounts/accounts1617.pdf |title=Statement of accounts for the year ended 31 July 2017|publisher=University of Warwick|accessdate=21 December 2017}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}4.3<ref name="Warwick 2016">{{cite web | url = https://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/finance/resources/accounts/accounts1516.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2016 | accessdate = 22 January 2017 | publisher = University of Warwick| page = 32}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}3.9<ref name="Warwick 2015">{{cite web | url = https://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/finance/resources/accounts/accounts_1415.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2015 | accessdate = 12 July 2016 | publisher = University of Warwick| page = 46}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}3.6<ref name="Warwick 2015"/>
| {{hs|£}}3.2<ref name="Warwick 2013">{{cite web | url = http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/finance/resources/accounts/accounts1213.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2013 | accessdate = 4 November 2014 | publisher = University of Warwick| page = 28}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}2.8<ref name="Warwick 2012">{{cite web | url = http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/finance/resources/accounts/statutory_accounts_workbook_2011-12_-_draft_11_-_26.11.12_web_links.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2012 | accessdate = 12 February 2014 | publisher = University of Warwick| page = 29}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}2.2<ref name="Warwick 2012"/>
|-
| [[Nottingham Trent University]]
|{{hs|£}}5.2<ref>https://www.ntu.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0039/938289/ntu-financial-statement-2019.pdf</ref>
|{{hs|£}}5.6<ref>https://www.ntu.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0039/938289/ntu-financial-statement-2019.pdf</ref>
|{{hs|£}}6.3<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www4.ntu.ac.uk/about_ntu/document_uploads/196469.pdf| title = Financial Statements 31 July 2017 | accessdate = 4 January 2018 | publisher = Nottingham Trent University| page = 22}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}6.9<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www4.ntu.ac.uk/about_ntu/document_uploads/191257.pdf| title = Financial Statements 31 July 2016 | accessdate = 22 January 2017 | publisher = Nottingham Trent University| page = 22}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}7.4<ref name="auto">{{cite web| url = https://www4.ntu.ac.uk/about_ntu/document_uploads/182252.pdf| title = Financial Statements 31 July 2015| accessdate = 12 July 2016| publisher = Nottingham Trent University| page = 23| url-status = dead| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20160909093729/http://www4.ntu.ac.uk/about_ntu/document_uploads/182252.pdf| archivedate = 9 September 2016}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}8.0<ref name="auto"/>
|{{hs|£}}8.4<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.ntu.ac.uk/about_ntu/document_uploads/151359.pdf| title = Financial Statements 31 July 2013 | accessdate = 5 November 2014 | publisher = Nottingham Trent University| page = 22}}</ref>
|
| {{hs|£}}0.8<ref>[http://www.ntu.ac.uk/about_ntu/document_uploads/116509.pdf ]{{dead link|date=September 2019}}</ref>
|-
| [[Goldsmiths, University of London]]
| {{hs|£}}3.4<ref>https://www.gold.ac.uk/media/documents-by-section/about-us/governance/reports-and-statements/financial-statements-2018-19.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}3.3<ref>https://www.gold.ac.uk/media/documents-by-section/about-us/governance/reports-and-statements/financial-statements-2018-19.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}3.3<ref name="goldsmiths2017">https://www.gold.ac.uk/media/documents-by-section/about-us/governance/00160_financial_statements_2017-v4_Final.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}3.1<ref name="goldsmiths2016">http://www.gold.ac.uk/media/documents-by-section/about-us/governance/financial_statements_2016.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}2.9<ref name="goldsmiths2015">http://www.gold.ac.uk/media/documents-by-section/about-us/governance/Financial-Statements-2014-15---Final.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}2.7<ref name="goldsmiths2015"/>
| {{hs|£}}2.5<ref name="goldsmiths2012">{{cite web |url=http://www.gold.ac.uk/media/2012-13-financial-statements_reduced_optimised_publish.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=9 April 2014 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413140725/http://www.gold.ac.uk/media/2012-13-financial-statements_reduced_optimised_publish.pdf |archivedate=13 April 2014 }}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}2.5<ref name="goldsmiths2012"/>
| {{hs|£}}2.3<ref name="goldsmiths2011">{{cite web|url=http://www.gold.ac.uk/media/2010-11-financialstatements.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=13 February 2014 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130312082959/http://www.gold.ac.uk/media/2010-11-financialstatements.pdf |archivedate=12 March 2013 }}</ref>
|-
| [[University of West London]]
| {{hs|£}}2.9<ref>https://warwick.ac.uk/services/finance/resources/accounts/accounts1819.pdf</ref>
|{{hs|£}}3.2<ref name="UWL Financial Report 17/18">{{cite web | url = https://www.uwl.ac.uk/sites/default/files/Departments/About-us/Web/PDF/annual_report/107853_uwl_annual_report_final_digital_version.pdf | title = Annual Report and Financial Statements Year ended 31 July 2018 | accessdate = 25 September 2019 | publisher = University of West London| page = 57}}</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| [[University of Hertfordshire]]
| {{hs|£}}2.8<ref>https://www.herts.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0019/263125/HS0706-Strategic-Financial-Report_P17_nov19.pdf</ref>
| {{hs|£}}2.7<ref>https://www.herts.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0019/263125/HS0706-Strategic-Financial-Report_P17_nov19.pdf</ref>
|{{hs|£}}3.0<ref>{{cite web|url=https://images.herts.ac.uk/pf.tlx?9kB9zT91qqiQU |title=Strategic Report and Financial Statements 2016-2017 |publisher= |date= |accessdate=2019-09-27}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}2.8<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.herts.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/156954/strategic-report-and-financial-statement-2015-16.pdf |title=strategic-report-and-financial-statement-2015-16 |publisher= |date= |accessdate=2019-09-27}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}2.62<ref>{{cite web|url=https://issuu.com/uniofherts/docs/annual_report_and_financial_stateme?e=8600960/39546914|title=Annual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15|author=|date=|website=issuu.com|accessdate=21 April 2018}}</ref>
|
|{{hs|£}}2.30<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.herts.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/47966/Annual-report-and-accounts_2012-13.pdf
| title = Annual Report and Accounts 2012/13| accessdate = 4 November 2014 | publisher = University of Hertfordshire| page = 33}}</ref>
|
| {{hs|£}}2.53<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.herts.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/9396/annual-report-and-accounts_2011-12.pdf |title=annual-report-and-accounts_2011-12 |publisher= |date= |accessdate=2019-09-27}}</ref>
|-
| [[University of Surrey]]
|
|
| {{hs|£}}2.6<ref name="Surrey Financial Statement 16/17">{{cite web | url = https://www.surrey.ac.uk/sites/default/files/University%20of%20Surrey%20Financial%20Statements%202016-17.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2017 | accessdate = 11 January 2018 | publisher = University of Surrey| page = 21}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}2.7<ref name="Surrey Financial Statement 15/16">{{cite web | url = http://www.surrey.ac.uk/sites/default/files/University-of-Surrey-Financial-Statements-2015-16.pdf | title = Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2016 | accessdate = 19 January 2017 | publisher = University of Surrey| page = 21}}</ref>{{refn|group=note|The significant fall in the value of Surrey's endowment from 2015 to 2016 is due to the reclassification of the Surrey Research Park to restricted reserves. This was done following legal counsel.}}
| {{hs|£}}69.5<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.surrey.ac.uk/sites/default/files/university-of-surrey-financial-statements-2014-15.pdf |title=university-of-surrey-financial-statements-2014-15 |publisher= |date= |accessdate=2019-09-27}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}55.4<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.surrey.ac.uk/sites/default/files/University-of-Surrey-Financial-Statements-2013-14.pdf |title=University-of-Surrey-Financial-Statements-2013-14 |publisher= |date= |accessdate=2019-09-27}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}44.2<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.surrey.ac.uk/about/corporate/documents/university_of_surrey_accounts_2012-13.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=9 April 2014 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140401094220/http://www.surrey.ac.uk/about/corporate/documents/university_of_surrey_accounts_2012-13.pdf |archivedate=1 April 2014 }}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}42.2<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.surrey.ac.uk/about/corporate/documents/university_of_surrey_accounts_2011-12.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=18 February 2014 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131013015845/http://www.surrey.ac.uk/about/corporate/documents/university_of_surrey_accounts_2011-12.pdf |archivedate=13 October 2013 }}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}48.7
|}

==Notable Higher Education Institutions==

{| class="sortable wikitable"
|-
! University
! Endowment as of 2017 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2016 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2015 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2014 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2013 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2012 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2011 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2010 (£m)
! Endowment as of 2009 (£m)
|-
| [[London Business School]]
|{{hs|£}}51.9<ref name="LBS 2016/17">{{cite web | url =https://www.london.edu/-/media/files/miscellaneous/financial_statements_2016_17.pdf?la=en | title = Financial Statements 2016–17 | accessdate =4 January 2018 | format = PDF | publisher = London Business School}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}47.7<ref name="LBS 2015/16">{{cite web | url =https://www.london.edu/-/media/files/miscellaneous/financial-statements-2016.pdf?la=en | title = Financial Statements 2015–16 | accessdate = 11 January 2017 | format = PDF | publisher = London Business School}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}46.1<ref name="LBS 2014/15">{{cite web | url = https://www.london.edu/-/media/files/miscellaneous/financial_statement_2015.pdf | title = Financial Statements 2014–15 | accessdate = 12 December 2015 | publisher = London Business School}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}36.8<ref name="LBS 2014/15"/>
| {{hs|£}}32.5<ref name="london.edu">{{cite web|url=http://www.london.edu/assets/documents/theschool/Financial_Statement_2013_6.pdf|title=Home |work=London Business School}}{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}25.9<ref name="london.edu"/>
| {{hs|£}}24.0<ref name="LBS 2010/11">{{cite web|url=http://www.london.edu/assets/documents/theschool/Financial_Statement_2011.pdf|title=Home |work=London Business School}}{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}19.5<ref name="LBS 2010/11"/>
|
|-
| [[Courtauld Institute of Art]]
|{{hs|£}}37.6<ref name="Courtauld Financial Statement 16/17">{{cite web | url = https://courtauld.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/2016-17-Annual-Report-and-Financial-Statements.pdf | title = Annual Report and Financial Statements for 2016–2017 | accessdate = 21 December 2017 | publisher = Courtauld Institute of Art | page = 27 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181105061803/https://courtauld.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/2016-17-Annual-Report-and-Financial-Statements.pdf | archive-date = 5 November 2018 | url-status = dead }}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}34.4<ref name="Courtauld Financial Statement 15/16">{{cite web | url = http://courtauld.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Courtauld-Annual-Report_15-16_Print_Lo.pdf | title = Annual Report and Financial Statements for 2015–2016 | accessdate = 11 January 2017 | publisher = Courtauld Institute of Art| page = 27}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}29.1<ref name="Courtauld Financial Statement 15/16"/>
|{{hs|£}}25.4<ref name="Courtauld Financial Statement 15/16"/>
| {{hs|£}}25.1<ref name="Courtauld Financial Statement 12/13">{{cite web | url = http://courtauld.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/09_CI-Annual-report-061213-web1.pdf | title = Annual Report and Financial Statements for 2012–2013 | accessdate = 9 April 2014 | publisher = Courtauld Institute of Art| page = 24}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}21.0<ref name="Courtauld Financial Statement 12/13"/>
| {{hs|£}}21.5<ref name="Courtauld Financial Statement 10/11">{{cite web | url = http://courtauld.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/2010-11-Financial-Statements1.pdf | title = Annual Report and Financial Statements for 2010–2011 | accessdate = 12 February 2014 | publisher = Courtauld Institute of Art| page = 23}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}18.3<ref name="Courtauld Financial Statement 10/11"/>
| {{hs|£}}15.8<ref name="Courtauld Financial Statement 08/09">{{cite web | url = http://courtauld.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/2008-09-Financial-Statements1.pdf | title = Annual Report and Financial Statements for 2008–2009 | accessdate = 30 May 2010 | publisher = Courtauld Institute of Art| page = 20}}</ref>
|-
| [[Royal Academy of Music]]
|{{hs|£}}36.5<ref name="RAM Financial Statement 16/17">{{cite web | url = https://staging.ram.ac.uk/public/uploads/documents/188b70_royal-academy-of-music-financial-statements-year-ended-31-july-2017.pdf | title = Annual Report and Financial Statements for 2016–2017 | accessdate = 4 January 2018 | publisher = Royal Academy of Music| page = 27}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}33.8<ref name="RAM Financial Statement 15/16">{{cite web | url = http://www.ram.ac.uk/public/uploads/documents/322c5a_royal-academy-of-music-financial-statements-accounts-31-july-2016-signed-.pdf | title = Annual Report and Financial Statements for 2015–2016 | accessdate = 27 January 2017 | publisher = Royal Academy of Music| page = 27}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}31.6<ref name="RAM Financial Statement 15/16"/>
|{{hs|£}}30.2<ref name="RAM Financial Statement 15/16"/>
| {{hs|£}}28.8<ref name="RAM Financial Statement 12/13">{{cite web | url = http://www.ram.ac.uk/public/uploads/documents/2823ec_ram-accounts-2012-13.pdf | title = Annual Report and Financial Statements for 2012–2013 | accessdate = 9 April 2014 | publisher = Royal Academy of Music| page = 24}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}25.0<ref name="RAM Financial Statement 12/13"/>
| {{hs|£}}25.3<ref name="RAM Financial Statement 10/11">{{cite web | url = http://www.ram.ac.uk/public/uploads/documents/83b5b0_ram-accounts-2010-11.pdf | title = Annual Report and Financial Statements for 2010–2011 | accessdate = 12 February 2014 | publisher = Royal Academy of Music| page = 21}}</ref>
|{{hs|£}}23.2<ref name="RAM Financial Statement 10/11"/>
| {{hs|£}}20.9<ref name="RAM Financial Statement 10/11"/>
|-
| [[London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine]]
| {{hs|£}}13.3<ref name="LSHTM 2017">{{cite web | title = Financial Statements 2016–17| url = https://www.lshtm.ac.uk/files/financial-statement-2016-17.pdf| publisher = London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine | accessdate = 3 February 2018}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}11.4<ref name="LSHTM 2016">{{cite web| title = Financial Statements 2015–16| url = http://www.lshtm.ac.uk/aboutus/introducing/annualreport/financial_statement_2015_16.pdf| publisher = London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine| accessdate = 27 January 2017| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170202054005/http://www.lshtm.ac.uk/aboutus/introducing/annualreport/financial_statement_2015_16.pdf| archive-date = 2 February 2017| url-status = dead| df = dmy-all}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}11.4<ref name="LSHTM 2016"/>
| {{hs|£}}11.3<ref name="LSHTM 2016"/>
| {{hs|£}}8.0<ref name="LSHTM 2013">{{cite web | title = Financial Statements 2013–14| url = https://www.lshtm.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2017-02/financial-statement-2012-2013_1.pdf| publisher = London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine | accessdate = 27 January 2017}}</ref>
|
|
|
|
|-
| [[Royal Veterinary College]]
| {{hs|£}}9.8<ref name="RVC 2017">{{cite web | title = Annual Report and Financial Statements 2016–17| url = https://www.rvc.ac.uk/Media/Default/About/Governance,%20Policy%20and%20Legal/Policy%20and%20Legal/annual-report-and-financial-statements-2016-2017.pdf| publisher = Royal Veterinary College | accessdate = 3 February 2018}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}9.8<ref name="RVC 2016">{{cite web | title = Annual Report and Financial Statements 2015–16| url = http://www.rvc.ac.uk/Media/Default/About/Governance,%20Policy%20and%20Legal/Policy%20and%20Legal/annual-report-and-financial-statements-2015-2016.pdf| publisher = Royal Veterinary College | accessdate = 9 February 2017}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}10.1<ref name="RVC 2015">{{cite web | title = Annual Report and Financial Statements 2014–15| url = http://www.rvc.ac.uk/Media/Default/About/Governance,%20Policy%20and%20Legal/Policy%20and%20Legal/annual-report-and-financial-statements-2014-2015.pdf| publisher = Royal Veterinary College | accessdate = 27 January 2017}}</ref>
| {{hs|£}}9.7<ref name="RVC 2015"/>
|
|
|
|
|
|}

== See also ==
* [[List of universities in the United Kingdom]]
* [[List of UK universities by date of foundation]]
* [[List of universities in the United Kingdom by enrolment]]
* [[Lists of institutions of higher education by endowment]]
* [[List of colleges and universities in the United States by endowment]]
* [[List of Canadian universities by endowment]]
*[[List of South African universities by endowment]]

== Notes ==
{{reflist|group=note}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

{{Universities in the United Kingdom}}

[[Category:Universities in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Education finance in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Lists of institutions of higher education by endowment size|United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Lists of universities and colleges in the United Kingdom]]

Internationaler Wissenschaftsrat (ISC)

2019-12-10T07:50:01Z

131.111.5.183: /* Members */

{{Infobox organization
| name = International Science Council (ISC)
| logo = International science council logo.png
| logo_size = 250px
| headquarters = [[Paris]], [[France]]
| merger = [[International Council for Science]] (ICSU) and 
[[International Social Science Council]] (ISSC)
| type = [[International non-governmental organization|INGO]]
| leader_title = [[President (corporate title)|President]]
| leader_name = {{Flagicon|RSA}} Daya Reddy
| formation = {{Start date and age|2018|07|04}}
| website = [https://council.science/ Council.Science]
}}

The '''International Science Council''' ('''ISC''') is an [[international non-governmental organization]] that unites scientific bodies at various levels across the social and natural sciences. The ISC was formed with its inaugural general assembly on 4 July 2018 by the merger of the [[International Council for Science]] (ICSU) and the [[International Social Science Council]] (ISSC), making it one of the largest organisations of this type.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.unesco.org/news/two-main-science-councils-merge-address-complex-global-challenges|title=Two main Science Councils merge to address complex global challenges|website=UNESCO|language=en|access-date=2018-10-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://council.science/about-us/|title=About us|publisher=International Science Council|language=en|accessdate=2018-10-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=McBean|first=Gordon|last2=Martinelli|first2=Alberto|date=2017-11-24|title=Blurring disciplinary boundaries|journal=Science|language=en|volume=358|issue=6366|pages=975|doi=10.1126/science.aar4320|issn=0036-8075|pmid=29170207}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://naturalsciences.ch/service/news/103947-international-science-council-established|title=International Science Council established {{!}} 06.07.2018 {{!}} News {{!}} Sciences Switzerland|website=naturalsciences.ch|access-date=2019-08-10}}</ref>

Daya Reddy from the [[University of Cape Town]] was elected as the inaugural President of the Board.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://theecologist.org/2018/jul/19/paris-launches-international-science-council-aims-rebuild-trust-science|title=Paris launches the International Science Council with aims to rebuild trust in science|work=The Ecologist|access-date=2018-10-21|language=en}}</ref> Heide Hackmann serves as the [[chief executive officer|CEO]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://council.science/about-us/main-secretariat|title=About us|work=International Science Council|access-date=2018-10-21}}</ref>

==Mission==
The mission of the International Science Council is to act as the global voice for science.

==Activities==
The Council convenes and mobilises the international [[scientific community]] on issues of major scientific and public importance. Activities focus on three areas of work:

* Stimulating and supporting international scientific research and scholarship, and communicating science that is relevant to international policy issues;
* Promoting the ability of science to contribute to major issues;
* Defending the free and responsible practice of science.

The Council is involved in co-sponsorship of a number of international research programmes, networks and committees.

The Council awards the prestigious [[Stein Rokkan Prize for Comparative Social Science Research]].<ref name="ISCnominations">{{cite web|title=Call for nominations: Stein Rokkan Prize for Comparative Social Science Research|url=https://council.science/current/news/call-for-nominations-stein-rokkan-prize-for-comparative-social-science-research|website=International Science Council|accessdate=2019-08-16}}</ref>

== Structure ==
The Council is governed by a Governing Board, and is advised by a number of Advisory Bodies. The Council's headquarters are located in Paris, France. The members of the Governing Board are currently
[[Geoffrey Boulton]],
Melody Burkins,
[[Saths Cooper]],
[[Anna Davies]],
Pearl Dykstra,
Sirimali Fernando,
Rith Fincher,
Sir [[Peter Gluckman]] (President Elect),
Alik Ismail-Zadeh (Secretary),
Li Jinghai (Vice President),
[[James C. Liao]],
[[Daya Reddy]] (President),
Elisa Reis (Vice President),
Natalia Tarasova,
Renée van Kessel (Treasurer),
Martin Visbeck.

It has regional offices in South Africa (for Africa), El Salvador (for Latin America and the Caribbean), and Malaysia (for Asia and the Pacific). A General Assembly of all Members is convened every three years.

== Members ==
In 2019, the International Science Council has 135 Member Organizations, 40 Member Unions and Associations, and 30 Affiliated Members.

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+
Member Unions and Associations
!Acronym
!Name
!Scientific field
|-
|4S
|[[Society for Social Studies of Science|Society for Social Studies of Science]]
|[[Science and technology studies|Social studies of science and technology (STS)]]
|-
|IALS
|International Association of Legal Science
|[[Legal science]]
|-
|IASSA
|International Arctic Social Sciences Association
|[[Social science]] relevant to the [[Arctic]]
|-
|IAU
|[[International Astronomical Union|International Astronomical Union]]
|[[Astronomy]]
|-
|ICA
|[[International Cartographic Association|International Cartographic Association]]
|[[Cartography]]
|-
|IEA
|[[International Economic Association|International Economic Association]]
|[[Economics]]
|-
|IFSM
|[[International Federation of Societies for Microscopy|International Federation of Societies for Microscopy]]
|[[Microscopy]]
|-
|IGU
|[[International Geographical Union|International Geographical Union]]
|[[Geography]]
|-
|IMU
|[[International Mathematical Union|International Mathematical Union]]
|[[Mathematics]]
|-
|INQUA
|[[International Union for Quaternary Research|International Union for Quaternary Research]]
|[[Quaternary period|Quaternary Period]]
|-
|IPRA
|International Peace Research Association
|Peace Research
|-
|IPSA
|[[International Political Science Association|International Political Science Association]]
|[[Political science|Political Science]]
|-
|ISA
|[[International Sociological Association|International Sociological Association]]
|[[Sociology]]
|-
|ISEE
|[[International Society for Ecological Economics|International Society for Ecological Economics]]
|[[Ecological economics|Ecological Economics]]
|-
|ISPRS
|[[International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing|International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing]]
|[[Photogrammetry]] and [[Remote sensing|Remote Sensing]]
|-
|IUBS
|[[International Union of Biological Sciences|International Union of Biological Sciences]]
|[[Biology]]
|-
|IUCr
|[[International Union of Crystallography|International Union of Crystallography]]
|[[Crystallography]]
|-
|IUFoST
|[[International Union of Food Science and Technology|International Union of Food Science and Technology]]
|[[Food science]] and [[Food technology|Food Technology]]
|-
|IUFRO
|[[International Union of Forest Research Organizations|International Union of Forest Research Organizations]]
|[[Forestry]]
|-
|IUGG
|[[International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics|International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics]]
|[[Geodesy]] and [[Geophysics]]
|-
|IUGS
|[[International Union of Geological Sciences|International Union of Geological Sciences]]
|[[Geology]]
|-
|IUHPST
|[[International Union of History and Philosophy of Science|International Union of History and Philosophy of Science and Technology]]
|[[History of science|History of Science]] and [[Philosophy of science|Philosophy of Science]]
|-
|IUIS
|[[International Union of Immunological Societies|International Union of Immunological Societies]]
|[[Immunology]]
|-
|IUMRS
|International Union of Materials Research Societies
|[[Materials science]]
|-
|IUMS
|[[International Union of Microbiological Societies|International Union of Microbiological Societies]]
|[[Microbiology]]
|-
|IUNS
|[[International Union of Nutritional Sciences|International Union of Nutritional Sciences]]
|[[Nutrition]]
|-
|IUPAB
|International Union for Pure and Applied Biophysics
|[[Biophysics]]
|-
|IUPAC
|[[International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry|International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry]]
|[[Chemistry]]
|-
|IUPAP
|[[International Union of Pure and Applied Physics|International Union of Pure and Applied Physics]]
|[[Physics]]
|-
|IUPESM
|[[International Union for Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine|International Union for Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine]]
|[[Medical physics]]
|-
|IUPHAR
|[[International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology|International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology]]
|[[Pharmacology]]
|-
|IUPS
|[[International Union of Physiological Sciences|International Union of Physiological Sciences]]
|[[Physiology]]
|-
|IUPsyS
|[[International Union of Psychological Science|International Union of Psychological Science]]
|[[Psychology]]
|-
|IUSS
|[[International Union of Soil Sciences|International Union of Soil Sciences]]
|[[Soil science]]
|-
|IUSSP
|[[International Union for the Scientific Study of Population|International Union for the Scientific Study of Population]]
|[[Demography]]
|-
|IUTAM
|[[International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics|International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics]]
|[[Mechanics]]
|-
|IUTOX
|International Union of Toxicology
|[[Toxicology]]
|-
|URSI
|[[International Union of Radio Science|Union Radio Scientifique Internationale]]
|[[Radio wave|Radio science]]
|-
|WAPOR
|[[World Association for Public Opinion Research|World Association for Public Opinion Research]]
|Public opinion research
|-
|WAU
|World Anthropological Union
|[[Anthropology]]
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+
Member Organizations
!Name
|-
|[[Academy of Sciences of Albania|Albania, Academy of Sciences]]
|-
|Angola, Foundation of Science and Development
|-
|[[National Scientific and Technical Research Council|Argentina, National Scientific and Technological Research Council (CONICET)]]
|-
|Armenia, [[Armenian National Academy of Sciences]]
|-
|[[Australian Academy of Science|Australia, Australian Academy of Science]]
|-
|Austria, Die Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften
|-
|[[Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences|Azerbaijan, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences]]
|-
|Arab Council for the Social Sciences (ACSS)
|-
|[[Bangladesh Academy of Sciences|Bangladesh, Bangladesh Academy of Sciences]]
|-
|Belarus, National Academy of Sciences (NASB)
|-
|[[Royal Academies for Science and the Arts of Belgium|Belgium, Royal Academies for Science and the Arts of Belgium (RASAB)]]
|-
|Bolivia, Academia Nacional de Ciencias de Bolivia (ANCB)
|-
|[[Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina|Bosnia & Herzegovina: ANUBiH, Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]
|-
|[[Academy of Sciences and Arts of the Republika Srpska|Bosnia & Herzegovina: ANURS, Academy of Sciences and Arts of the Republic of Srpska]]
|-
|Botswana, Ministry of Infrastructure Science and Technology
|-
|[[Brazilian Academy of Sciences|Brazil, Academia Brasileira de Ciências (ABC)]]
|-
|Brazil, Association Nacional de Pos-Graduacao e Pesquisa em Ciencias Sociais (ANPOCS)
|-
|[[Bulgarian Academy of Sciences|Bulgaria, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS)]]
|-
|Burkina Faso, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique
|-
|Cameroon, Cameroon Academy of Sciences
|-
|[[National Research Council (Canada)|Canada, National Research Council of Canada]]
|-
|[[Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council|Canada, Social Science and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC)]]
|-
|Caribbean, Caribbean Academy of Sciences (CAS)
|-
|Chile, Academia Chilena de Ciencias
|-
|China: CAST, China Association for Science and Technology (CAST)
|-
|China: Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS)
|-
|[[Academia Sinica|China: Taipei, Academy of Sciences located in Taipei]]
|-
|CLACSO, Consejo Latinoamericano de Ciencias Sociales
|-
|[[Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa|CODESRIA, Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]
|-
|Colombia, Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales
|-
|[[Academia Nacional de Ciencias (Costa Rica)|Costa Rica, Academia Nacional de Ciencias]]
|-
|[[Académie des sciences, des arts, des cultures d'Afrique et des diasporas africaines|Côte d'Ivoire, Académie des Sciences, des Arts, des Cultures d'Afrique et des Diasporas Africaines (ASCAD)]]
|-
|[[Cuban Academy of Sciences|Cuba, Academia de Ciencias de Cuba]]
|-
|[[Czech Academy of Sciences|Czech Republic, Czech Academy of Sciences]]
|-
|[[Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters|Denmark, Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters]]
|-
|Dominican Republic, Academy of Sciences of the Dominican Republic
|-
|Egypt, Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
|-
|El Salvador, Viceministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología de El Salvador
|-
|[[Estonian Academy of Sciences|Estonia, Estonian Academy of Sciences]]
|-
|Ethiopia, Ethiopian Science and Technology Agency
|-
|Finland, Council of Finnish Academies
|-
|[[Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales|FLACSO, Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales]]
|-
|[[French Academy of Sciences|France, Académie des Sciences]]
|-
|[[Georgian National Academy of Sciences|Georgia, Georgian Academy of Sciences]]
|-
|[[Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft|Germany, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)]]
|-
|Ghana, Ghana Academy of Arts & Sciences
|-
|[[Academy of Athens (modern)|Greece, Academy of Athens]]
|-
|Guatemala, Academia de Ciencias Médicas Fisicas y Naturales de Guatemala
|-
|Honduras, National Academy of Sciences of Honduras
|-
|[[Hungarian Academy of Sciences|Hungary, Hungarian Academy of Sciences]]
|-
|India, Indian Council of Social Science Research (ICSSR)
|-
|[[Indian National Science Academy|India, Indian National Science Academy]]
|-
|Indonesia, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)
|-
|Iran, Islamic Rep. Of, University of Tehran
|-
|Iraq, Ministry of Science and Technology
|-
|[[Royal Irish Academy|Ireland, Royal Irish Academy]]
|-
|[[Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities|Israel, Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities]]
|-
|[[National Research Council (Italy)|Italy, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche]]
|-
|Jamaica, Scientific Research Council
|-
|[[Science Council of Japan|Japan, Science Council of Japan]]
|-
|Jordan, Royal Scientific Society
|-
|[[Kazakhstan Academy of Sciences|Kazakhstan, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan]]
|-
|Kenya, Kenya National Academy of Sciences
|-
|Korea Democratic People's Republic of, State Academy of Sciences
|-
|Korea Republic of, Korean Social Science Research Council (KOSSREC)
|-
|[[National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Korea|Korea Republic of, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Korea]]
|-
|Lao PDR, Lao National Science Council
|-
|[[Latvian Academy of Sciences|Latvia, Latvian Academy of Sciences]]
|-
|Lebanon, National Council for Scientific Research
|-
|Lesotho, Department of Science and Technology
|-
|[[Lithuanian Academy of Sciences|Lithuania, Lithuanian Academy of Sciences]]
|-
|Luxembourg, Fonds National de la Recherche
|-
|[[Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts|Macedonia, Former Yugoslav Rep. Of, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts]]
|-
|Madagascar, Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique
|-
|Malawi, National Commission for Science and Technology
|-
|[[Academy of Sciences Malaysia|Malaysia, Academy of Sciences Malaysia]]
|-
|Mauritius, Mauritius Research Council
|-
|[[Mexican Academy of Sciences|Mexico, Academia Mexicana de Ciencias]]
|-
|Mexico, Consejo Mexicano de Ciencias Sociales, COMECSO
|-
|[[Academy of Sciences of Moldova|Moldova, Academy of Sciences of Moldova]]
|-
|Monaco, Principauté de, Centre Scientifique de Monaco
|-
|[[Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts|Montenegro, Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts]]
|-
|Morocco, Hassan II Academy for Science and Technology
|-
|Mozambique, Scientific Research Association of Mozambique (AICIMO)
|-
|Namibia, National Commission on Research, Science and Technology (NCRST)
|-
|Nepal, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST)
|-
|[[Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences|Netherlands, Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen]]
|-
|[[Royal Society Te Apārangi|New Zealand, Royal Society of New Zealand Te Aparangi]]
|-
|[[Nigerian Academy of Science|Nigeria, Nigerian Academy of Science]]
|-
|[[Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters|Norway, Norwegian Academy of Sciences and Letters]]
|-
|[[Research Council of Norway|Norway, Research Council of Norway]]
|-
|[[University of Bergen|Norway, University of Bergen, UiB]]
|-
|Oman, Sultanate of, Research Council of Oman
|-
|OSSREA, Organization for Social Science Research in Eastern and Southern Africa
|-
|[[Pakistan Association for the Advancement of Science|Pakistan, Pakistan Association for the Advancement of Science]]
|-
|[[University of Panama|Panama, Universidad de Panama]]
|-
|Peru, Academia Nacional de Ciencias
|-
|Philippines, National Research Council
|-
|Philippines, Philippine Social Science Council (PSSC)
|-
|[[Polish Academy of Sciences|Poland, Polish Academy of Sciences]]
|-
|[[Lisbon Academy of Sciences|Portugal, Academia das Ciencias de Lisboa]]
|-
|[[Romanian Academy|Romania, Academia Româna]]
|-
|[[Russian Academy of Sciences|Russian Federation, Russian Academy of Sciences]]
|-
|Rwanda, Kigali Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Rwanda
|-
|Saudi Arabia Kingdom of, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST)
|-
|[[Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts|Serbia, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts]]
|-
|Seychelles, Seychelles National Parks Authority
|-
|[[Singapore National Academy of Science|Singapore, Singapore National Academy of Science]]
|-
|[[Slovak Academy of Sciences|Slovak Republic, Slovak Academy of Sciences]]
|-
|[[Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts|Slovenia, Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts]]
|-
|South Africa, Human Sciences Research Council of South Africa (HSRC)
|-
|[[National Research Foundation (South Africa)|South Africa, National Research Foundation (NRF)]]
|-
|[[University of the South Pacific|South Pacific, University of the South Pacific]]
|-
|Spain, State Secretariat for Research, Development and Innovation (SEIDI)
|-
|[[National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka|Sri Lanka, National Science Foundation]]
|-
|Sudan Republic of, National Centre for Research
|-
|Swaziland, National Research Council
|-
|[[Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences|Sweden, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences]]
|-
|Switzerland, Swiss Academy of Humanities and Social Sciences (SAHS)
|-
|[[Swiss Academy of Natural Sciences|Switzerland, Swiss Academy of Sciences]]
|-
|[[Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan|Tajikistan, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan]]
|-
|[[Tanzania Commission for Science and Technology|Tanzania, Tanzania Commission for Science and Technology]]
|-
|Thailand, National Research Council of Thailand
|-
|Togo, Chancellerie des Universités du Togo
|-
|[[Tunis El Manar University|Tunisia, Université Tunis El Manar]]
|-
|Turkey, Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey
|-
|Turkey, Turkish Academy of Science (TÜBA)
|-
|[[Union Académique Internationale|UAI, International Union of Academies]]
|-
|Uganda, Uganda National Council for Science and Technology (UNCST)
|-
|[[National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine|Ukraine, National Academy of Sciences]]
|-
|[[British Academy|United Kingdom, British Academy]]
|-
|[[Economic and Social Research Council|United Kingdom, Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC)]]
|-
|[[Royal Society|United Kingdom, Royal Society]]
|-
|[[National Academy of Sciences|United States, National Academy of Sciences]]
|-
|Uruguay, Comisión Consejo Nacional de Innovacion Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONICYT)
|-
|Uzbekistan Republic of, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences
|-
|[[Pontifical Academy of Sciences|Vatican City State, Pontificia Academia Scientiarum]]
|-
|Venezuela, Fondo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación
|-
|[[Vietnam Union of Science and Technology Associations|Vietnam, Vietnam Union of Science and Technology Associations]]
|-
|Zambia, Zambia Academy of Sciences
|-
|Zimbabwe, Research Council of Zimbabwe
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+Affiliated Members
|[[African Academy of Sciences|AAS, African Academy of Sciences]]
|-
|AASSA, Association of Academies and Societies of Sciences in Asia
|-
|[[Academy of Social Sciences|Academy of Social Sciences, United Kingdom]]
|-
|[[Association of Science-Technology Centers|ASTC, Association of Science-Technology Centers]]
|-
|[[International Commission on Illumination|CIE, Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage]]
|-
|EADI, European Association of Development and Training Institutes
|-
|[[European Consortium for Political Research|ECPR, European Consortium for Political Research]]
|-
|[[Fédération Internationale des Géomètres|FIG, Federation Internationale des Geometres]]
|-
|[[International Association of Applied Psychology|IAAP, International Association of Applied Psychology]]
|-
|[[International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research|IAHR, International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research]]
|-
|[[International Arctic Science Committee|IASC, International Arctic Science Committee]]
|-
|[[International Commission for Acoustics|ICA, International Commission for Acoustics]]
|-
|[[International Council for Industrial and Applied Mathematics|ICIAM, International Council for Industrial and Applied Mathematics]]
|-
|ICLAS, International Council for Laboratory Animal Science
|-
|[[International Commission for Optics|ICO, International Commission for Optics]]
|-
|[[International Council for Scientific and Technical Information|ICSTI, International Council for Scientific and Technical Information]]
|-
|IFDO, International Federation of Data Organizations for Social Science
|-
|[[International Federation for Information Processing|IFIP, International Federation for Information Processing]]
|-
|[[International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions|IFLA, International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions]]
|-
|IFS, International Foundation for Science
|-
|[[International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis|IIASA, International Institute for Applied System Analysis]]
|-
|[[International Studies Association|ISA, International Studies Association]]
|-
|ISDE, International Society for Digital Earth
|-
|[[International Union for Vacuum Science, Technique and Applications|IUVSTA, International Union for Vacuum Science, Technique and Applications]]
|-
|[[International Water Association|IWA, International Water Association]]
|-
|[[Pacific Science Association|PSA, Pacific Science Association]]
|-
|[[Social Science Research Council|SSRC, Social Science Research Council]]
|-
|[[Transnational Institute|TNI, Transnational Institute]]
|-
|[[The World Academy of Sciences|TWAS, The World Academy of Sciences]]
|-
|[[International Union of Speleology|UIS, Union Internationale de Spéléologie]]
|}
 

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|https://council.science/}}

[[Category:International organizations based in France]]
[[Category:International scientific organizations]]
[[Category:Organizations based in Paris]]
[[Category:Scientific organizations based in France]]
[[Category:Scientific organizations established in 2018]]

University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

2019-05-21T18:28:40Z

131.111.5.183: /* Affiliation with University of Texas */ fixed typo

{{Infobox University
| name = The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
| image = Ut-southwestern.png
| established = 1943
| type = [[Public university|Public]]
| president = [[Daniel K. Podolsky, M.D]].[http://profiles.utsouthwestern.edu/profile/103382/]
| dean = [[Wei-Ping Lee]] , M.D.[https://profiles.utsouthwestern.edu/profile/186844/wei-ping-lee.html]
| city = [[Dallas, Texas|Dallas]]
| state = Texas
| country = US
| coor = {{coord|32.8126058|-96.8384102|format=dms|display=inline,title|region:US_type:edu}}|
postgrad = 3255
| endowment = $1.01 billion (April 2017)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.utimco.org/scripts/PrivateEndowInfo/complist.asp|title=Endowment Information|website=www.utimco.org}}</ref>
| faculty = 3691 (1,394 full-time, 402 part-time, 1,755 voluntary, 110 faculty associates, and 30 administrators)
| staff = 7103
| campus = [[Urban area|Urban]], {{convert|231|acre|km2|1}}|
website = [http://www.utsouthwestern.edu/ www.utsouthwestern.edu]
}}

The '''University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center''' ('''UT Southwestern''', '''UTSW''') is a medical education and biomedical research institution in Dallas, Texas, US. With approximately 14,400 employees and an operating budget of nearly $2.5 billion, UT Southwestern is one of six medical schools in the UT System. It is one of the largest medical schools in the country, annually training about 3,700 medical, graduate, and health professions students, residents, and postdoctoral fellows. Ongoing support from outside sources provides approximately $422.6 million per year for more than 5,700 research projects.

Its three-part mission is to: educate leaders in patient care, biomedical science, and disease prevention; conduct research; and deliver patient care. It incorporates three degree-granting institutions – UT Southwestern Medical School, UT Southwestern Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UT Southwestern School of Health Professions – and four affiliated hospitals: [[Parkland Memorial Hospital|Parkland Hospital]], [[Children's Health (health care system)|Children's Health]], Zale Lipshy University Hospital, and William P. Clements Jr. University Hospital.

UT Southwestern faculty physicians provide care at UT Southwestern University Hospitals & Clinics, Parkland Health & Hospital System, Children's Medical Center, [[Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children]], VA North Texas Health Care System, and other affiliated hospitals and community clinics. Faculty and residents care for more than 100,000 hospitalized patients and oversee approximately 2.2 million outpatient visits a year, including more than $106.7 million in unreimbursed clinical services annually.

In the spring of 2016, UT Southwestern began providing additional care through Southwestern Health Resources, a new network combinint the systems of Texas Health Resources and UT Southwestern., The network comprises 27 hospitals, 300 clinics, and more than 2,000 physicians, serving a 16-county area with more than 6 million residents.

==History==

===Establishment===
[[File:UTSW.jpeg|thumb|right|265px|Southwestern Medical College as it appeared at its founding in the 1940s. Animal facilities are seen in the lower right.]]
Under the leadership of Dr. Edward H. Cary and [[Karl Hoblitzelle]], a group of Dallas citizens organized Southwestern Medical Foundation in 1939 to promote medical education and research in Dallas and the region. When [[Baylor College of Medicine|Baylor University]] moved its school of medicine from Dallas to Houston in 1943, the foundation formally established Southwestern Medical College as the 68th medical school in the United States. Founded during [[World War II]], the medical school was initially housed in a handful of abandoned barracks.

===Affiliation with University of Texas===
When a new state medical school was proposed after World War II, leaders of Southwestern Medical Foundation offered the college's equipment, library, and certain restricted funds to the [[University of Texas System]], provided the university would locate its new medical branch in Dallas. The Board of Regents accepted this offer, and in 1949 the college became Southwestern Medical School of The University of Texas. In 1954 the name was changed to The University of Texas Southwestern Medical School. The present campus site on [[Harry Hines Boulevard]] was occupied in 1955 upon the completion of the Edward H. Cary Building. This placed the medical school faculty next to the then-newly built [[Parkland Memorial Hospital]].

In November 1972 the name and scope of the medical school were changed with its reorganization into The University of Texas Health Science Center at Dallas. This provided for coordinated but separate medical, graduate, and undergraduate components.

===Addition of Howard Hughes Medical Institute===
In 1986 the [[Howard Hughes Medical Institute]] opened a research facility on the campus. Its investigators also hold faculty positions in the basic science departments of the Medical School and Graduate School.

=== Name Change ===
In October 1987 the UT System Board of Regents approved changing the name of the health science center to The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas. The Center consists of three degree-granting institutions: UT Southwestern Medical School, UT Southwestern Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, and UT Southwestern School of Health Professions.

===Physical expansion===
[[File:UTSW Nima1.jpg|thumb|400px|]]
Since the late 1960s the university has added more than 6 million square feet of new construction. The 60-acre South Campus includes 20 buildings housing classrooms, laboratories, offices, the extensive [[University of Texas Southwestern Library|University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Library]], an auditorium, and a large outpatient center. Affiliated hospitals adjacent to the campus are Zale Lipshy University Hospital, [[Parkland Memorial Hospital]], William P. Clements Jr. University Hospital, and [[Children's Medical Center (Dallas)]].

In 1987 the [[John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation]] gave the university 30 acres (120,000 m2) near the South Campus for future expansion. A 20-year master plan for the site, called North Campus, called for six research towers, a support-services building, an energy plant, and underground parking, in addition to the Mary Nell and Ralph B. Rogers Magnetic Resonance Center and the Moncrief Radiation Oncology Center. Three research towers and an elevated campus connector, linking the South Campus with the North Campus, were completed in the 1990s. A fourth 14-story research tower was completed in 2005, followed by a 12-story research tower in 2011. In 1999 the university purchased an additional 50 acres from the MacArthur Foundation, and a portion was used to create an on-campus student-housing complex of 156 apartments. A second phase of 126 units opened in 2004. In 2008, the university purchased the 24-acre Exchange Park adjacent to the North Campus.

In 2008, UT Southwestern opened the BioCenter at Southwestern Medical District, a multitenant facility to commercialize university technologies and attract biotech companies to the area. Next door to the BioCenter, UTSW in 2017 opened its Radiation Oncology center, a $66 million facility with three floors, and 63,000 square feet of space.

Also in 2008, UT Southwestern acquired the Exchange Park site and renamed it the Paul M. Bass Administrative and Clinical Center on the North Campus. The center was named in honor of Mr. Bass, chairman emeritus of the Southwestern Medical Foundation, who served in that role until 2008. With this property, the campus grew to 9 million square feet of laboratory, clinical, educational, and administrative space, covering 387 acres.

In 2009, the $186 million Biomedical Research Building (NL Building on the North Campus) opened. The building is the largest LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) silver-certified laboratory space in Texas.

UT Southwestern opened its 12-floor, 1.3 million-square-foot William P. Clements Jr. University Hospital on Dec. 6, 2014, along with the decommissioning of the 50-year-old St. Paul University Hospital.

==Clinical services==
{{unreferenced section|date=May 2019}}
Annual patient visits to the Medical Center's clinics average 400,000 a year, up from 50,000 annually 15 years ago. This includes affiliated patient care facilities such as the UT Southwestern University Hospitals.

The Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center is a [[National Cancer Institute]] ([[NCI-designated Cancer Center|NCI)-designated Cancer Center]].

UT Southwestern is an Advanced Comprehensive Stroke Center, the highest level of certification. It is the only Joint Commission-certified Advanced Comprehensive Stroke Center in North Texas, one of only three in Texas .

UT Southwestern is home to an NIH Alzheimer's Disease Center and is a Network of Excellence in Neuroscience Clinical Trials Center.

The Doris and Harry W. Bass Jr. Clinical Center for Heart, Lung, and Vascular Disease is a collaborative effort between UT Southwestern faculty and community physicians.

The Center's transplantation programs for heart, lung, kidney, and liver have been certified by the federal government's Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.

==Academics==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-break}}
{{Infobox US university ranking
| ARWU_W = 48
| USNWR_W = 125
| ARWU_N = 33
}}
{{col-break}}
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible collapsed" style="float:right" "text-align:center"
|-
! colspan=4 style="{{CollegePrimaryStyle|Brown|color=brown}}" |National Program Rankings<ref name="USNWR Grad School Rankings">{{cite web|title=U.S. News Best Grad School Rankings|publisher=''U.S. News & World Report''|accessdate=22 November 2018|url=https://www.usnews.com/best-graduate-schools/university-of-texas-southwestern-medical-center-at-dallas-228635/overall-rankings}}</ref>
|-
! Program
! Ranking
|-
| Biological Sciences || 18
|-
| Chemistry || 41
|-
| Biochemistry || 13
|-
| Clinical Psychology || 74
|-
| Medicine: Primary Care || 19
|-
| Medicine: Research || 26
|-
| Physical Therapy || 64
|-
| Physician Assistant || 15
|-
| Psychology || 66
|-
| Rehabilitation Counseling || 69
|-
|}
{{col-break}}
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible collapsed" style="float:right" "text-align:center"
|-
! colspan=4 style="{{CollegePrimaryStyle|Brown|color=Brown}}" |Global Program Rankings<ref name="USNWR Global Univ Rankings">{{cite web|title=U.S. News Best Global University Rankings|publisher=''U.S. News & World Report''|accessdate=7 November 2018|url=https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/university-of-texas-southwestern-medical-center-dallas-228635}}</ref>
|-
! Program
! Ranking
|-
| Biology & Biochemistry || 48
|-
| Clinical Medicine || 53
|-
| Immunology || 81
|-
| Microbiology || 83
|-
| Molecular Biology & Genetics || 27
|-
| Neuroscience & Behavior || 66
|-
| Psychiatry/Psychology || 110
|}
{{col-end}}

UT Southwestern is governed by the UT System Board of Regents. The Medical Center includes three degree-granting institutions/schools: UT Southwestern Medical School, UT Southwestern Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, and UT Southwestern School of Health Professions. Throughout its history, UT Southwestern has graduated approximately 20,000 physicians and other professionals in all areas of medicine. In 2016 alone, UTSW faculty is training about 3,700 medical, graduate, and health professions students, residents, and postdoctoral fellows.

===UT Southwestern Medical School===
[[File:UT Southwestern.jpg|thumb|400px|]]
UT Southwestern admits approximately 230 students each year. The average [[MCAT]] score is 515, and undergraduate GPA in 2017 was 3.81. The acceptance rate for 2014 was 5.6%.

UTSW is one of the five least-expensive public medical schools and among the top 10 largest medical schools in the United States. The school's tuition and fees are approximately $20,000 per year for in-state residents, being subsidized by the state. Admission is competitive and, by mandate of the state legislature, 90 percent of applicants admitted are from the state of [[Texas]]. Many out-of-state students earn competitive scholarships that make up the difference.

The Medical School's curriculum emphasizes clinical experience and electives from the first year on. The curriculum comprises three periods – Pre-Clerkship, Clerkship, and Post-Clerkship – and focuses on providing a foundation in biomedical sciences, training in clinical care, and opportunities for research.

The Medical School features six Academic Colleges that function as small learning communities, each headed by a faculty mentor.

Many students use their free time to participate in a variety of community service activities, such as United to Serve, an annual health and fun fair hosted by UT Southwestern for the surrounding community, and the weekly Monday Clinic (one of six clinics), organized by student volunteers and staffed by UT Southwestern physicians, providing free medical care to underserved Dallas communities. Other service opportunities include participating at Camp Sweeney, a summer camp in North Texas for children with diabetes.

Along with the M.D. degree, UT Southwestern offers options for students to pursue combined degrees and to earn special graduation distinctions. The combined degrees include:

· M.D./Ph.D. – Called the Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP), this is one of fewer than 50 M.D./Ph.D.-granting programs nationwide that receive financial support from the National Institutes of Health. It combines dissertation work in an area of biomedical science, leading to the Ph.D., along with clinical studies, leading to the M.D.

· M.D./M.B.A. – This five-year program in conjunction with UT Dallas focuses on giving future physicians the skills for integrating medicine and business.

· M.D./M.P.H. – UT Southwestern and UTHealth School of Public Health in Houston offer students a degree in each field at the end of their four-year M.D. program.

· M.D./M.S. in Clinical Science – This program combines didactic training with a mentored clinical research project. The program concludes with submission and defense of a master's thesis.

UT Southwestern is ranked 25th in Research and 8th in Primary Care according to the 2017 [[U.S. News and World Report|''U.S. News & World Report'']] Medical School rankings.

===Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences===
[[File:UT Southwestern Dallas Plaza1.jpg|thumb|400px|]]
According to the 2015 [[U.S. News and World Report|''U.S. News & World Report'']] containing the latest ranking for graduate schools of life sciences as of 2014, UT Southwestern is ranked 19th in the nation in Biological Sciences and 41st in Chemistry.[[University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center#cite note-7|[7]]]

Specialties

1. 11th in Biochemistry/Biophysics/Structural Biology

2. 10th in Cell Biology

3. 9th in Immunology/Infectious Disease

4. 10th in Molecular Biology

The 2015 [[Academic Ranking of World Universities]] placed UTSW 9th in the world for Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy and 14th for Life and Agriculture Sciences.<ref>{{cite web|title=Academic Ranking of World Universities in Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy - 2016|url=http://www.shanghairanking.com/FieldMED2016.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Academic Ranking of World Universities in Life and Agriculture Sciences - 2016|url=http://www.shanghairanking.com/FieldLIFE2016.html}}</ref>

With an enrollment of more than 1,000 students (467 predoctoral and 564 postdoctoral), the Graduate School educates biomedical scientists, engineers, clinical researchers, and counselors. Programs lead to Doctor of Philosophy and Master of Science degrees and, in some cases, non-degree certificates.

The Graduate School has 12 Ph.D. programs: Biological Chemistry; Biomedical Engineering; Cancer Biology; Cell and Molecular Biology; Clinical Psychology; Genetics, Development, and Disease; Immunology; Integrative Biology; Molecular Biophysics; Molecular Microbiology; Neuroscience; and Organic Chemistry.

In addition, a master's degree and a certificate are offered in Clinical Science. Postdoctoral certificates are offered in Research, Advanced Research, Cancer, Educational Techniques, Obesity and Metabolism, and Scientific Management.

====M.D./Ph.D. Program====
UT Southwestern runs a [[Medical Scientist Training Program]] (MSTP) offering a combined M.D./Ph.D. degree. It is one of fewer than 50 M.D./Ph.D.-granting programs nationwide that receive financial support from the National Institutes of Health. The largest source of private support for UTSW's program has been from [[H. Ross Perot]].[[University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center#cite note-10|[10]]]

The clinical training curriculum includes coursework in the disciplines necessary to understand human disease at the level of cellular physiology and biochemistry. In addition, students practice clinical skills at UT Southwestern's affiliated clinical training hospitals, including Parkland Memorial Hospital and William P. Clements Jr. University Hospital.

Following summer laboratory rotations, students choose one of 10 interdepartmental graduate programs and select a dissertation mentor from the UT Southwestern Graduate School faculty for training in intellectual and experimental strategies. During these years, the MSTP student functions as a graduate student in his or her laboratory while maintaining an awareness of clinical medicine through program activities.

Dissertation research culminates in results that significantly advance the state of biomedical knowledge.

===School of Health Professions===
About 340 students are enrolled in UT Southwestern's School of Health Professions. The school confers a doctoral professional degree in [[Doctor of Physical Therapy|Physical Therapy]] and master's degrees in Clinical Nutrition, Physician Assistant Studies, Prosthetics-Orthotics, and [[Rehabilitation counseling|Rehabilitation Counseling]]. The school also has a baccalaureate certificate program in Radiation Therapy.

The Physician Assistant program was founded in 1972. For the past five years, graduates have had a 100 percent first-time pass rate on the national certifying exam. Much of the training occurs at Parkland Hospital.[[University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center#cite note-11|[11]]]

==Library==
The Health Sciences Digital Library and Learning Center supports the information needs of UT Southwestern's research, educational, and clinical activities. The Library and Learning Center maintains a large collection of electronic information resources, print archives, rare books, and materials concerning the history of medicine. It also offers assistance and training in using these resources. The library also has a small branch on the North Campus.[[University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center#cite note-12|[12]]]

== Research ==

UT Southwestern scientists and physician researchers conduct investigations into cancer, stem cells, neuroscience, heart disease and stroke, arthritis, diabetes, and many other fields.

At the Peter O’Donnell Jr. Brain Institute on campus, investigators research the basic molecular workings of the brain, and their application to the prevention and treatment of brain diseases and injuries. The Institute covers neurodegenerative diseases; depression and psychiatric disorders; migraines; and spine, nerve, and muscle diseases. Also at the Institute are voice specialists, rehabilitation experts, and neuroimmunologists, plus basic and translational scientists in cellular and molecular neuroscience, neurobiology, regenerative medicine, neuro-engineering, imaging, and genetics.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.utsouthwestern.edu/newsroom/articles/year-2016/odonnell-neurosciences.html|title=Enhancing Our Capabilities: O'Donnell Brain Institute|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref>

Researchers at UTSW's Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center – the only cancer center in North Texas eith the National Cancer Institute's "comprehensive" designation – are focusing on discovering drug-like chemicals that drive or inhibit cancer growth ,and deciphering mechanisms in cell regulatory networks that go awry and contribute to cancer initiation and growth. Researchers in developmental biology, cancer biology, and stem cell biology work on how developmental processes contribute to cancer's progress.

In 2011, the Children's Medical Center Research Institute at UT Southwestern (CRI) was established as a joint venture between [[Children's Health (health care system)|Children's Health System of Texas]] and UTSW<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.dallasnews.com/news/news/2012/03/05/childrens-ut-southwestern-announce-stem-cell-cancer-research-institute|title=Children’s, UT Southwestern announce stem cell, cancer research institute|date=2012-03-05|work=Dallas News|access-date=2018-03-28|language=en}}</ref>. Located on the UTSW campus, CRI is home to an interdisciplinary group of scientists and physicians pursuing research in regenerative medicine, cancer biology and metabolism.

UT Southwestern established the Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine in 2014 for research on fundamental mechanisms of tissue formation and repair ,and to develop transformative strategies and medications for tissue regeneration.

Research at UTSW's Texas Institute for Brain Injury and Repair focuses on brain injuries and conditions, including traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke, and Alzheimer's disease. The Institute also promotes brain injury education and prevention.
[[File:UTSW Nima2.jpg|thumb|center|600px|]]
Other research currently underway at UT Southwestern includes studies on:
* Aging and Alzheimer's – Steven McKnight and colleagues identified a compound (P7C3) and demonstrated that it preserves newly created brain cells and boosts learning and memory. The study has led to further investigations into the mechanism by which P7C3 protects cells from dying and whether the compound might have any protective effect for various neurodegenerative diseases.
* Cancer/Biomarkers – John Minna and Adi Gazdar have spent the past 30 years elucidating the genetic changes associated with the development of lung cancer. Their work seeks to discover these changes and use them as biomarkers both to detect lung cancer earlier and to develop new therapies. Their approach is advancing personalized medicine, which aims to target the unique characteristics of an individual's tumor with the best current therapies.
* Cancer/Stem Cells – A team led by [[Sean J. Morrison]] at CRI has identified the environment in which blood-forming stem cells survive and thrive within the body, an important step toward increasing the safety and effectiveness of bone marrow transplantation.
* Cardiology/Regeneration – Researchers, including Eric Olson and Hesham Sadek, have pinpointed a molecular mechanism needed to unleash the heart's ability to regenerate. They found that microRNAs – tiny strands that regulate gene expression – contribute to the heart's ability to regenerate up to one week after birth. Soon thereafter the heart loses the ability to regenerate. Identifying the heart's natural regenerative on-off switch is a critical step toward developing eventual therapies for damage suffered following a heart attack. Olson's lab has also used CRISPR/Cas9 methods to cure Duchenne muscular dystrophy in mice as a proof of principle for human gene therapy.
* Cholesterol – UT Southwestern researchers have identified nearly 30 disease-causing genes, including in 1983 the gene responsible for familial hypercholesterolemia, an inherited condition that causes extremely high levels of cholesterol and heart attacks at an early age. That discovery by Michael Brown and Joseph Goldstein contributed to the pair winning the 1985 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their research uncovering the underlying mechanisms of cholesterol metabolism.
* Diabetes/Obesity – Philipp Scherer's discovery of adiponectin, a hormone produced by fat, has helped transform the scientific concept of fat as an inert storage depot to that of an endocrine “organ” that exerts control over multiple organs. His studies have revealed adiponectin's potent anti-diabetes effects of blocking glucose production in the liver and improving insulin sensitivity in muscle. Because adiponectin levels fall as fat levels rise, drugs that increase adiponectin may be effective in fighting diabetes and other obesity-related diseases.
* Human Genetics – Helen Hobbs and Jonathan Cohen are among the world's leading experts on the genetic factors associated with lipid disorders. Their work, for which Hobbs received the 2016 Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences, has led to the development of a new class of cholesterol-lowering drugs – PCSK9 antibodies – for patients who do not tolerate or respond adequately to statins.
* Innate Immunity – Scientists led by Zhijian “James” Chen are exploring the mechanisms of signal transduction, namely how a cell communicates with its surroundings and within itself. They are focused on investigating how a cell detects harmful or foreign threats and mounts an appropriate response to restore homeostasis. Chen was elected to the National Academy of Sciences, for work including the cytoplasmic DNA sensor cGAS and its product cGAMP, a novel cyclic dinucleotide second messenger involved in innate immune response. Bruce Beutler received the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery that the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is the membrane-spanning component of the mammalian lipopolysaccharide receptor complex that senses microbial infection and triggers septic shock. Beutler continues to identify components of the mammalian immune system through large-scale mouse mutagenesis screens conducted in the Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, which he leads.

==Notable faculty==

Six UT Southwestern faculty members have been awarded Nobel Prizes since 1985.
* In 1985, [[Michael Stuart Brown|Michael Brown]] and [[Joseph L. Goldstein|Joseph Goldstein]] shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discovery of the basic mechanism of cholesterol metabolism. Goldstein is Chairman of Molecular Genetics at UT Southwestern, and Brown directs the Erik Jonsson Center for Research in Molecular Genetics and Human Disease.
*[[Johann Deisenhofer]], Professor of Biochemistry and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator at UT Southwestern, shared the 1988 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for using X-ray crystallography to describe the structure of a protein involved in photosynthesis.
* The late [[Alfred G. Gilman|Alfred Gilman]] shared the 1994 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of G proteins and the role they play in the complex processes by which cells communicate with each other. Gilman, a Regental Professor Emeritus who died in December 2015, was Dean of UT Southwestern Medical School.
*[[Bruce Beutler]], Director of the Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, shared the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with two other scientists for their immune system investigations. Dr. Beutler was honored for the discovery of receptor proteins that recognize disease-causing agents and activate [[innate immunity]].
*[[Thomas C. Südhof]], Adjunct Professor of Neuroscience and former Chair of the department at UT Southwestern, shared the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with two other scientists for discoveries about cellular transport systems. Südhof, now at Stanford University School of Medicine, was recognized for his pioneering work at UT Southwestern on synaptic transmission,.[[University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center#cite note-14|[14]]]
Two current recipients of the Albert D. Lasker Award in Basic Medical Research
* 1985 [[Michael Stuart Brown|Michael Brown]], M.D.
* 1985 [[Joseph L. Goldstein|Joseph Goldstein]], M.D.
* 1989 [[Alfred G. Gilman|Alfred Gilman]], M.D., Ph.D. (deceased)

Twenty-two current members of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]]<ref name="utsouthwestern.edu">{{cite web|author=UT Southwestern Medical Center - Internet Services |url=http://www.utsouthwestern.edu/utsw/home/about/awards/index.html |title=Distinguished Faculty Members |publisher=Utsouthwestern.edu |date= |accessdate=September 15, 2011}}</ref>
{{Div col}}
*1979 [[Robert Estabrook]], Ph.D. (deceased, 2013)
*1980 [[Michael Stuart Brown|Michael Brown]], M.D.
*1980 [[Joseph L. Goldstein|Joseph Goldstein]], M.D.
*1983 [[Samuel M. McCann]], M.D. (deceased, 2007)
*1983 [[Jean D. Wilson]], M.D.
*1984 [[Jonathan W. Uhr]], M.D.
*1985 [[Alfred G. Gilman]] M.D., Ph.D. (deceased, 2015)
*1986 [[Roger H. Unger]], M.D.
*1992 [[Steven L. McKnight]], Ph.D.
*1993 [[David Garbers]], Ph.D. (deceased, 2006)
*1994 [[Ellen S. Vitetta,]] Ph.D.
*1997 [[Johann Deisenhofer]], Ph.D.
*2000 [[Eric N. Olson]], Ph.D.
*2002 [[Thomas C. Sudho]]f, M.D.
*2003 [[Joseph S. Takahashi]], Ph.D.
*2003 [[Masashi Yanagisawa]], M.D., Ph.D.
*2006 [[Melanie H. Cobb]], Ph.D.
*2006 [[David W. Russell]], Ph.D.
*2007 [[Helen Hobbs]], M.D.
*2008 [[Bruce Beutler]], M.D.
*2008 David J. Mangelsdorf]], Ph.D.
*2011 [[Luis F. Parada]], Ph.D.
*2013 [[Beth Levine (physician)|Beth Levine]], M.D.
*2014 [[Zhijian James Chen]], Ph.D.
*2015 L[[ora V. Hooper,]] Ph.D.
*2015 [[Steven A. Kliewer]], Ph.D.{{Div col end}}

Seventeen current members of the National Academy of Medicine (formerly the [[Institute of Medicine]]<ref name="utsouthwestern.edu"/>)
{{Div col}}
*1970 [[Bryan Williams (physician)|Bryan Williams]], M.D. (deceased, 2003)
*1974 [[Donald W. Seldin]], M.D. (deceased, 2018)
*1975 [[Ronald Estabrook]], Ph.D. (deceased, 2013)
*1979 [[Charles C. Sprague]], M.D. (deceased, 2005)
*1987 [[Michael Stuart Brown|Michael Brown, M.D.]]
*1987 [[Joseph L. Goldstein|Joseph Goldstein, M.D.]]
*1987 [[Paul C. MacDonald]], M.D. (deceased, 1997)
*1989 [[Dan Foster (physician)|Daniel W. Foster]], M.D. (deceased, 2018)
*1989 [[Alfred G. Gilman|Alfred Gilman]], M.D., Ph.D.(deceased, 2015)
*1994 [[Jean D. Wilson]], M.D.
*1995 [[Scott M. Grundy]], M.D., Ph.D.
*1997 [[Ron J. Anderson]], M.D. (deceased, 2014)
*1998 [[Carol A. Tamminga]], M.D.
*1999 [[Kern Wildenthal]], M.D., Ph.D
*2001 [[Norman F. Gant]], M.D.
*2001 [[Eric N. Olson]], Ph.D.
*2004 [[Helen Hobbs]], M.D.
*2005 [[Steven L. McKnight]], Ph.D.
*2006 [[Ellen S. Vitetta]], Ph.D.
*2007 [[Luis F. Parada]], Ph.D.
*2007 Thomas C. Sudhof, M.D.
*2008 [[Bruce Beutler]], M.D.
*2009 Daniel K. Podolsky]], M.D. (current University President)
*2014 [[Joseph S. Takahashi]], Ph.D.
*2018 [[Sean J. Morrison|Sean Morrison]], Ph.D.{{Div col end}}

Fifteen members of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]]<ref name="utsouthwestern.edu"/>
{{Div col}}
*1974 [[Donald W. Seldin]], M.D. (deceased, 2018)
*1981 [[Michael Stuart Brown|Michael Brown, M.D.]]
*1981 [[Joseph L. Goldstein|Joseph Goldstein, M.D.]]
*1982 Jean D. Wilson, M.D.
*1987 Samuel M. McCann, M.D. (deceased, 2007)
*1988 Alfred Gilman, M.D., Ph.D. (deceased, 2015)
*1992 [[Dan Foster (physician)|Daniel W. Foster]], M.D. (deceased, 2018)
*1992 David Garbers, Ph.D. (deceased, 2006)
*1992 Steven L. McKnight, Ph.D.
*1993 Jonathan W. Uhr, M.D.
*1994 Roger H. Unger, M.D.
*1997 Paul C. MacDonald, M.D. (deceased, 1997)
*1998 [[Eric N. Olson]], Ph.D.
*2000 [[Joseph S. Takahashi]], Ph.D.
*2003 Ellen S. Vitetta, Ph.D.
*2006 Helen Hobbs, M.D.
*2007 Luis F. Parada, Ph.D.
*2010 Thomas C. Sudhof, M.D.
*2011 David Russell, Ph.D.
*2013 [[Bruce Beutler]], M.D.
*2015 [[Sandra L. Schmid, Ph.D.]]
{{Div col end}}

Fifteen current members of the [[Howard Hughes Medical Institute]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.hhmi.org/cgi-bin/scientist_search/search.pl?kw=&it=INVESTIGATOR&x=48&y=12 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2011-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111009075219/http://www.hhmi.org/cgi-bin/scientist_search/search.pl?kw=&it=INVESTIGATOR&x=48&y=12 |archive-date=2011-10-09 |dead-url=yes |df= }}</ref>
{{Div col}}
*1993 [[David Mangelsdorf]], Ph.D.
*[[2000 Nick V. Grishin, Ph.D.]]
*2002 [[Helen Hobbs]], M.D.
*2005 [[Zhijian James Chen]], Ph.D.
*[[2005 Michael K. Rosen, Ph.D.]]
*2008 [[Lora Hooper]], Ph.D.
*[[2008 Youxing Jiang, Ph.D.]]
*2008 [[Beth Levine (physician)|Beth Levine]], M.D.
*2008 Duojia Pan, Ph.D.
*[[2008 Hongtao Yu, Ph.D.]]
*2009 [[Joseph S. Takahashi]], Ph.D.
*2011 [[Sean J. Morrison]], Ph.D.
*2015 [[Joshua T. Mendell]], M.D., Ph.D.
*2015 [[Kim Orth]], Ph.D.
*2018 Ralph DeBerardinis, M.D., Ph.D.{{Div col end}}

Two current recipients of the Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences.

* 2016 [https://profiles.utsouthwestern.edu/profile/13232/ Helen Hobbs, M.D.]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.utsouthwestern.edu/newsroom/articles/year-2015/breakthrough-hobbs.html|title=Geneticist receives Breakthrough Prize|last=|first=|date=|website=UT Southwestern Newsroom|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref>
* 2019 [https://profiles.utsouthwestern.edu/profile/29110/ Zhijian "James" Chen, Ph.D.]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.utsouthwestern.edu/newsroom/articles/year-2018/breakthrough-chen.html|title=UT Southwestern researcher wins Breakthrough Prize for innate immunity discovery|last=|first=|date=|website=UT Southwestern Newsroom|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref>

 

==Notable alumni==
* James Atkins (M.D. 1967) UTSW Professor of Medicine
* [[Jim Barnett (Mississippi politician)|Jim C. Barnett]] (M.D. 1949) (deceased 2013), Member of the [[Mississippi House of Representatives]] from 1992 to 2008.[[University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center#cite note-16|[16]]]
* [[Linda B. Buck]], (Ph.D. 1980) 2004 Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine for work on olfactory receptors, currently an HHMI investigator at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
* [[Robert Cade]], (M.D. 1954) (deceased 2007) professor of medicine and nephrology at the University of Florida, formulated Gatorade.
* [[Dan Foster (physician)|Daniel W. Foster]], (M.D. 1955) (deceased 2018) UTSW chairman department of medicine, holder of the UTSW John Denis McGarry, Ph.D., Distinguished Chair in Diabetes and Metabolic Research
* Norman Gant (M.D.) Former UTSW Chairman Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
* [[Brett Giroir]], (M.D. 1986), former Director of [[DARPA]] Defense Sciences Office, Vice Chancellor for Strategic Initiatives at the [[Texas A&M University System]], nominated by President [[Donald Trump]] to become the [[United States Assistant Secretary for Health]] and [[Admiral (United States)|admiral]] in the [[United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps|Public Health Service Commissioned Corps]].
* [[Joseph L. Goldstein|Joseph Goldstein]], (M.D. 1966) currently Chairman of the Department of Molecular Genetics at UTSW. In 1985, he was named Regental Professor of the University of Texas. He also holds the Paul J. Thomas Chair in Medicine and the Julie and Louis A. Beecherl Distinguished Chair in Biomedical Science. Goldstein and his colleague, Michael S. Brown, discovered the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor and worked out how these receptors control cholesterol homeostasis. It helped lay the conceptual groundwork for development of statins that lower blood LDL-cholesterol and prevent heart attacks. . Goldstein and Brown shared the Lasker Award in Basic Medical Research (1985), the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1985), and the National Medal of Science (1988). In recent work, they discovered the [[SREBP]] family of transcription factors and showed how these membrane-bound molecules control the synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids through a newly described process of Regulated Intramembrane Proteolysis. For this work, . Brown and Goldstein received the Albany Medical Center Prize in Medicine and Biomedical Research (2003).
* Francisco Gonzalez Cigarroa, (M.D. 1983), president of the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, chancellor of the University of Texas System, chief of pediatric transplant surgery at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio.
* Norman M. Kaplan (M.D. 1954) UTSW Clinical Professor of Medicine, author, lecturer, recipient American Heart Association lifetime achievement award
* [[Malcolm Perry (physician)|Malcolm Perry]], (M.D. 1955) (deceased 2009) while a surgery resident attended to [[John F. Kennedy]] at [[Parkland Memorial Hospital]] on November 22, 1963, chief of vascular surgery New York-Cornell Hospital 1978 to 1988, professor of surgery Texas Tech University, professor emeritus UTSW.
* [[Stuart Spitzer]] (M.D. 1971?), incoming [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] member of the [[Texas House of Representatives]] from District 4
* [[Richard Warshak]], (Ph.D. 1979) clinical and research psychologist and author; expert in divorce, child custody, and parental alienation; served as a White House consultant on family law reform;
* [[Xiaodong Wang (biochemist)|Xiaodong Wang]] (Ph.D.), biomedical researcher, member of the National Academy of Science 2004, The Shaw Prize in Life Science and Medicine 2006, Director National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing
* [[Kern Wildenthal]] (M.D. 1964) president of the Children's Medical Center Foundation in Dallas, President Emeritus and Professor of Medicine Emeritus UTSW, president UTSW 1986-2008.
* Jean D. Wilson (M.D. 1955), Professor of Medicine UTSW, Institute of Medicine member since 1994, co-editor Harrison's Textbook of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences member since 1983, American Academy of Arts and Sciences member since 1982.

==Affiliated health care institutions==
[[File:Dallas Children's Med Ctr Nima3.jpg|thumb|400px|[[Children's Medical Center Dallas]] is located on campus adjacent to the UTSW main campus]]
Major affiliations:
* [[Parkland Memorial Hospital]] – The primary teaching institution of UT Southwestern, whose faculty is responsible for caring for the hospital's patients, this 2.1 million-square-foot acute care facility has 862 single-patient rooms, and more than 1 million patient visits each year.
* Children's Medical Center Dallas – The primary pediatric teaching hospital for UT Southwestern, this hospital is licensed for 490 beds, has more than 50 pediatric specialty programs, and is the only pediatric hospital in North Texas with a designated Level 1 trauma center.
* Zale Lipshy University Hospital – A 148-bed specialty hospital, this facility is a neurological treatment center and a Joint Commission-certified advanced comprehensive stroke center.
* William P. Clements Jr. University Hospital – Opened in December 2014 as UT Southwestern's signature 12-floor, 460-bed hospital. Its 1.3 million square feet includes 72 adult ICU rooms, 40 emergency treatment rooms, 30 neonatal ICU rooms, 16 labor and delivery rooms, 24 surgical suites, 12 interventional suites, six endoscopy suites, six X-ray suites, four CT scans, three obstetrics specialty surgical suites, two MRIs, and two nuclear medicine rooms.
* Dallas Veteran Affairs Medical Center – The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs’ second largest health care system, it serves 38 Texas counties and two counties in southern Oklahoma, providing primary, tertiary, and long-term care. The 822-bed system has a Spinal Cord Injury Center, Domiciliary Care Program, and Community Living Center with a dedicated hospice unit.
* Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas – Part of the Texas Health Resources (THR) system, this 888-bed, acute-care facility was the first hospital in Dallas to receive Cycle IV Chest Pain accreditation from the Society of Cardiovascular Patient Care, and it is also accredited for emergency stroke care by The Joint Commission. In 2016, UT Southwestern and THR launched a clinically integrated health care network, Southwestern Health Resources to provide increased access to primary and specialized care to North Texas residents, from preventive measures to advanced interventions.
{{Div col}}
{{Div col end}}

Other affiliations:
{{Div col}}
*Richardson Regional Medical Center
*[[Baylor University Medical Center]]
*[[Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children]]
*[[John Peter Smith Hospital]] of [[Fort Worth, Texas|Fort Worth]]
{{Div col end}}

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

== External links ==
{{Commonscat|University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center}}
*[http://www.utsouthwestern.edu/ UT Southwestern Medical Center website]
*[http://www.utsouthwestern.edu/mstp UTSW MSTP Website]
* [http://www.immport.org The Immunology Database and Analysis Portal] – an NIAID-funded database resource of reference and experiment data covering the entire immunology domain
*[http://www.fludb.org Influenza Research Database] – Database of influenza genomic sequences and related information.
*[http://www.viprbrc.org Virus Pathogen Resource] – Virus Pathogen Resource.

{{UT system}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:University Of Texas Southwestern Medical Center}}
[[Category:Universities and colleges accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges in Texas]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges in Dallas]]
[[Category:University of Texas System|Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1943]]
[[Category:Medical schools in Texas]]
[[Category:V-12 Navy College Training Program]]

Maud Arncliffe Sennett

2018-03-17T21:42:43Z

131.111.5.183: /* Life */ Capitalisation of WW1

{{Infobox Person
| name = Maud Arncliffe Sennett
| image = Sennett, Maud Arncliffe-c.1908 (22475303593).jpg
| image_size =
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| birth_name =
| birth_date = 4 February 1862
| birth_place = London
| death_date = {{d-da|15 September 1936|4 February 1862}}
| death_place = [[Midhurst]], Sussex
| death_cause =
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| other_names =
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| spouse = Henry
| partner =
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| nationality = English
| citizenship = United Kingdom
}}
'''(Alice) Maud Arncliffe Sennett''' or '''Alice Maud Mary Sparagnapane''' with a stage name of '''Mary Kingsley''' (4 February 1862 – 15 September 1936) was an English actress and suffragist.

==Life==
Sennett was born in London to a family who owned a Christmas cracker and confectionery business. Her mother was Aurelia Williams and her father was Gaudente Sparagnapane. Sennet became an actress taking the name Mary Kingsley. She went on the stage and toured mainland Britain and she also spent a year in Australia. Her confidence with public speaking would be a skill she would use again later.<ref name=oo>
Elizabeth Crawford, ‘Sennett, (Alice) Maud Mary Arncliffe (1862–1936)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/63819, accessed 4 November 2017]</ref>

She married in 1898 and she and her husband, Henry Robert Arncliffe Sennett, took over the family business. In 1906 she read an article by [[Millicent Fawcett]] and this led to her to join the [[London Society for Women's Suffrage]].<ref name=spart>{{Cite news|url=http://spartacus-educational.com/Wsennett.htm|title=Maud Arncliffe Sennett|work=Spartacus Educational|access-date=23 November 2017|language=en}}</ref> She joined a number of suffrage societies but she served on the executive committees of the [[Women's Freedom League]], the [[Actresses' Franchise League]] and the [[Women's Social and Political Union]] (WSPU)'s branch in Hampstead.

Sennett wrote in 1910, "I am an employee of male labour, and the men who earn their living through the power of my poor brain, the men whose children I pay to educate, whose members of Parliament I pay for, and to whose old-age pensions I contribute – these are allowed a vote, while I am voteless."<ref>Arncliffe Sennett, Maud. “Why I Want The Vote”. The Vote 1910. Web. 1 February 2017.</ref>

Her sister, [[Florence Gertrude de Fonblanque]] decided it was a good idea to mount a march from Edinburgh to London to draw attention to the cause of women getting the vote. It was decided to march from Edinburgh to London.<ref name=craw>Elizabeth Crawford, ‘Fonblanque, Florence Gertrude de (1864–1949)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/56229, accessed 17 Nov 2017]</ref> Only six women set off but as they traveled from Scotland to London they gathered others and a large interest from the media.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.historytoday.com/leah-leneman/northern-men-and-votes-women|title=Northern Men and Votes for Women {{!}} History Today|website=www.historytoday.com|access-date=4 November 2017}}</ref> Sennett assisted the march by organising a reception for her sisters and the other marchers when they arrived.<ref name=craw/>

In 1913 she realised that men as well as women might have an interest in getting women the vote after she met a Scottish businessman named Alexander Orr. She founded the [[Northern men's Federation for Women's Suffrage|Northern Men's Federation for Women's Suffrage]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.museumoflondonprints.com/image/446427/womens-freedom-league-maud-arncliffe-sennett-c-1910|title=Maud Arncliffe-Sennett: c.1910, Women's Freedom League|website=Museum of London Prints|language=en|access-date=4 November 2017}}</ref> after the death of [[Emily Davison]]. She had attended her funeral on behalf of the Actresses Franchise League and decided to take the same train as Emily's coffin.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://blogs.bl.uk/untoldlives/2013/06/christmas-crackers-and-womens-suffrage.html|title=Christmas crackers and women’s suffrage - Untold lives blog|website=blogs.bl.uk|language=en|access-date=4 November 2017}}</ref> As she went north she met Orr and they realised that the public sympathy would lead to many men with some influence joining a suffrage organisation. She was at the centre of the organisation and she called the members "her bairns" and she intended to use their influence to petition the Prime Minister. A verse was written by artist [[John Wilson McLaren]]

::We’ve come from the North, and the heather’s on fire,
:::To fight for the women–our only desire;
::At last we’ve been roused thro’ the treachery shown
:::By knaves at Westminster–the knaves we disown!’<ref name="parl">{{Cite web|url=https://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/transformingsociety/electionsvoting/womenvote/case-studies-women-parliament/suffragettes-in-trousers/men-from-the-north/|title='Men from the North': The Northern Men’s Federation for Women’s Suffrage, 1913–1918|website=UK Parliament|language=en|access-date=4 November 2017}}</ref>

However the Prime Minister refused to see them.<ref name=oo/>

Sennett and the [[Women's Freedom League]] came into conflict with Emmeline and Christabel Pankhurst when the First World War started. Emmeline and Chritabel negotiated with the government and agreed to stop all political activities and to organise a pro-war demonstration. In exchange they were given freedom of all the prisoners and £2,000 towards costs. All of the prisoners released were told that their new role was to work for the war effort. Sennett objected to this approach and gave money to [[Sylvia Pankhurst]] who took a similar line.<ref name=spart/>

Sennett's support was strong and focused. She spent a lot of time in London and decided to resign in 1916 as President of the NMFWS but the membership would not accept it. She was persuaded to stay in post.<ref name="Eustance2013">{{cite book|author=Claire Eustance|title=The Men's Share?: Masculinities, Male Support and Women's Suffrage in Britain, 1890-1920|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zMFdAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA193|date=16 December 2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-18144-3|pages=193–200}}</ref> The organisation continued until 1919.<ref name=":0" />

Sennett died in [[Midhurst]], Sussex, from tuberculosis in 1936. Her husband arranged for her autoboigraphy to be published. He married again. When her sister, Florence, died in 1949 she had "Originator and leader of the women's suffrage march from Edinburgh to London 1912" carved on her gravestone at her request.<ref name=craw/>

==Works==
* ''Manifesto on Venereal Disease'' (1916)

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sennett, Maud Arncliffe}}
[[Category:1862 births]]
[[Category:1936 deaths]]
[[Category:English suffragists]]
[[category:English actresses]]
[[Category:People from London]]