Bience Gawanas

2013-10-02T04:18:16Z

116.193.132.24: fixed ref

{{More footnotes|date=April 2009}}
'''Bience Philomina Gawanas''' (born 1956) is a [[Namibia]]n lawyer and the current Commissioner of [[Social Affairs]] on the [[African Commission]]. She was a Commissioner on the Public Service Commission in Namibia from 1991 to 1996, and an [[Ombudswoman]] in the [[Politics of Namibia|Namibian Government]] from 1996 to 2003. She has also been a Lecturer in Gender Law at the [[University of Namibia]], Director of the Board of the [[Central Bank of Namibia]], and involved in many non-governmental organizations including Secretary-General of the Namibian National Women's Organization and patron of Namibian Federation of Persons with Disabilities. As Chairperson of the Law Reform Commission she oversaw the passage of the Married Persons' Equality Act. The commission also did extensive work on Rape Acts and other important laws that were eventually passed after her time.

==Early life and education==
She attended secondary school at St Theresa Catholic school in [[Tses]], [[Karas Region]], southern Namibia. From Tses she went to [[University of the Western Cape]] (UWC) in [[Cape Town]], [[South Africa]], to study law; [[Catholicism|Catholic]] sponsors helped her resist the pressure of [[apartheid]] officials to switch careers from law to nursing. She was expelled from UWC after the [[Soweto uprising]]s in 1976.<ref name="doctorate">{{cite news
|url=http://www.newera.com.na/articles/47907/Adv-Gawanas-honoured-with-Doctorate-in-Cape-Town
|title=Adv Gawanas honoured with Doctorate in Cape Town
|last=Kambaekwa
|first=Carlos
|date=24 September 2012
|work=[[New Era (Namibia)|New Era]]|archiveurl=http://archive.is/519ls|archivedate=21 February 2013}}</ref>

After her expulsion she became an active member of [[South-West Africa People's Organisation|SWAPO Youth League]] in Namibia and a teacher. She went into exile and lived in [[Zambia]], [[Angola]] and [[Cuba]]. In 1981 the [[International Labour Organization]] sponsored her as an intern at their headquarters and subsequently on a [[labour law]] study. After this Africa Educational Trust sponsored her through a law degree at [[University of Warwick]], [[United Kingdom|UK]]. She graduated in 1987 and qualified as a [[barrister]] at [[Lincoln's Inn]], [[London]] in 1988.<ref name="doctorate"/>

Namibia was occupied illegally by [[South Africa]] until 1990. "When I decided to study law, a white schools inspector told me that as a black child my intelligence was lower than that of a white child and that maybe law was not meant for me," she said to one interviewer. "Today I am a lawyer and I have proved that intelligence has got nothing to do with a person's colour."

Gawanas's interest in law was sparked after her beloved elder brother Jeka was picked up by whites and beaten to death while hitch-hiking, and police decided it was a "road accident".

==Biography==
Her practical training included work with Lord [[Anthony Maurice Gifford, 6th Baron Gifford|Tony Gifford]] on human rights cases such as the "[[Birmingham Six]]" appeal of alleged bombers who were later exonerated. Throughout her exile, Bience continued to campaign for Namibia's freedom from South African rule.

In 1988 she travelled to Zambia to visit her daughter and was detained by [[SWAPO]]. Over an extended period the movement detained many thousands of Namibians as part of a "spy scare". These allegations were never proved despite months of solitary confinement and torture. Gawanas later became one of the first Namibians to return alive from the "dungeons" in [[Lubango]], Southern Angola, in 1989, some months before many other surviving detainees were released. By July 1989, she and her daughter were repatriated by the [[United Nations]] and were back on Namibian soil.

Her first job back in Namibia from exile was with Advocate [[Anton Lubowski]], which ended when apartheid agents murdered Lubowski on his front doorstep in an unsuccessful attempt to destabilize the 1989 UN-supervised elections. She then worked as with the public-interest Legal Assistance Centre until 1991 when she was appointed by Parliament to the Public Service Commission of Namibia. Her work there included extensive rebalancing of the Namibian civil service.
Former President [[Sam Nujoma]] appointed her Ombudsman, on recommendation of the Judicial Services Commission, in 1996 and she served here, investigating and resolving complaints of maladministration at all levels until 2003. She also served as Executive Secretary of the African Ombudsman Association.

In July 2003 Gawanas was elected by the African Heads of State as Commissioner of Social Affairs for the African Union, based in [[Addis Ababa]], [[Ethiopia]]. She has been seeking to increase the profile of [[social development]] issues on the continental agenda.

The University of the Western Cape awarded her a [[Legum Doctor|Doctor legum]] ''[[honoris causa]]'' at their September 2012 graduation ceremony.<ref name="doctorate"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://allafrica.com/stories/200407130017.html Ademola article at AllAfrica.com]
*[http://www.africa-union.org/root/au/AUC/AUCleaders/sa.doc Gawanas, Bience P. Gawanas bio]

{{Persondata 
| NAME = Gawanas, Bience P.
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Namibian politician
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1956
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gawanas, Bience P.}}
[[Category:African Union Commission members]]
[[Category:African Union officials]]
[[Category:Members of the South West Africa People's Organization]]
[[Category:People from ǁKaras Region]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Warwick]]
[[Category:University of the Western Cape alumni]]
[[Category:University of Namibia academics]]
[[Category:1956 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Namibian expatriates in South Africa]]
[[Category:SWAPO politicians]]

Wikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de]

Bience Gawanas